RP-20 VOL.2 PEOPLE'SREPUBLIC OF World Bank-financed Public Disclosure Authorized CHONGQINGURBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT

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Public Disclosure Authorized RESETTLEMENTACTION PLAN (the third draft) VOLUMEI - Overall Report

Chongqing Municipal ManagementOffice of the World Bank'sCapital Utilization 100709. R7

Public Disclosure Authorized November 1999 Assisted by ACADEMYOF SOCIAL SOGREAH SCIENCoESU ON S SCIENCES I Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences/SOGREAH Page i Urban Environment Project Resettlement Action PlanSummary Report

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SOGREAH______OSiUI ''ANl'S

CUEP- RESETTLEMENTACTION PLAN- SYNTHESISREPORT

This report has been edited by SOGREAHConsultants, on behalf of Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences and Chongqing Project Management Office as part of the Design Review and Advisory (DRA)Services for the project preparation of the Phase3A of the Chongqing Urban Environment Project, China (Job Number 1 00709)

This report has been prepared by the project team under the supervision of Magnus HOLMER (Project Manager) following the procedures detailed in the Assurance Quality Manual and Codes of SOGREAHConsultants (SYSAQUAL/MAQet CAQ) in compliance with 1S09001. The compilation of the RAP has followed the guidelines of the World Bank (OD 4.30 and Draft OP 4.12)

The report is based on the RAP for Chongqing Wastewater prepared by SASS. However, in order to comply with the Draft OP 4.1 2 certain additions/explanations have been made to the original text. Furthermore, certain chapters have been re-organised to follow more closely the requirements of the World Bank (as requested in the Aide Memoire of September 1 999).

Assurance Quality Name and Function Date Signature

Report Prepared by Zhang Wei Jiang, RAP Specialist/ Eric BAYE, Socio- Economist ......

Report Checked by: Gary Moys, Team Leader

......

Report Approved by: Magnus Holmer, Project Manager ...... November.1999doc

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Shanghai Academy of SocialSciences/SOGREAH Pageii Chongqing Urban Environment Project Resettlement Action Plan Summary Report

TABLEOF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION______------1 1 .1 The chongqing urban environment project 2 1.2 Purpose and scope of the report 3 1.3 Resettlement action planning and the Project______5 1.4 OTHERPROJECTS IN THE STUDYAREA- 7 1.4.1 the rap andthe three gorgesproject______8 1.5 Layout of report- 9 2. SUMMARYOF PROJECTCOMPONENTS_------11 2.1 general description of concerned sites_------11 2.2 CUEPin Chongqing_------14 2.2.1 chongqingWaste water component ------14 2.2.2The MUNCIPALSOLID WASTE project in chongqing city -______1 7 2.3 other components of cuep ------21 2.3.1 CUEPin fuling ------…21 2.3.2CUEPin Wanzhou ------23 2.3.3cuep in Nanbin ______------25 2.3.4CUEPiN QIANJIANG-______26 3. POTENTIALSOCIAL IMPACTS OF THE CUEPCOMPONENTS_------29 3.1 The CUEPin Chongqing______29 3.1.1 CHONGQING WASTEWATERCOMPONENT ------29 3.1.2 Municipal Solid Waste Project in Chongqing ------31 3.2 The CUEPin other areas of Chongqing Municipality ------______-31 3.2.1 water supply in fuling …31 3.2.2Waste water in Fuling… 31 3.2.3Water supply in Wanzhou______-32 3.2.4Water supply in Nan Bin …32 3.3 total need for land acquisition/resettlementin chongqing city______-33 4. OBJECTIVESOF THE RESETTLEMENTPROGRAMME ------34 5. CENSUSSURVEY OF AFFECTEDPEOPLE AND ASSETS------35 5.1 Methodological framework_-______-______35

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5.2 The impact dimension of the CUEP------36 5.3 the land acquisition_------37 5.4 The affected houses ------___------37 5.5 Affected units and enterprises ------38 5.6 Affected crops_------38 5.7 Affected infrastructures and other main assets_------39 5.8 The project affected persons_------40 5.9 The Affected vulnerable groups_------40 5.10 The socio-economic surveys______------41 6. LEGAL FRAMEWORKAND RESETTLEMENTENTITLEMENT POLICY______43 6.1 Brief account______------43 6.2 The national Laws and Regulations_------43 6.2.1 Ownership and Right of Useof Land------44 6.2.2 Land for Construction Purposes------44 6.3 The regulations of the Chongqing Municipality ------45 7. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS ------47 7.1 general framework_------47 7.2 Institutional arrangement at the general level of CUEP_------47 7.2.1 Resettlement Leading Group of the CUEP______------47 7.2.2The Resettlement Officeof the CUEP(pro)…______-______-48 7.3 Institutional arrangement at components' level ------49 7.3.1 Wastewater and solid WasteComponents in Chongqing City______------49 7.3.2Components in Fuling,WanZHOU, and NanBin______------53 7.4 Training and development of the resettlement staff_------55 7.5 Organisational Charts______56 8. General entitlement matrix______------57 8.1 The Resettlement entitlement policy_------57 8.2 The compensation rates ------57 9. RESETTLEMENT MEASURES ------59 9.1 Jobs Creation______59 9.1.1 Absorbing labor ------59 9.1.2 Self resettlement in finding jobs ------…60 9.2 Housing resettlement_------60

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9.2.1 CQWWMP_------60 9.2.2 CQMSWP------_61 9.2.3 FUWWP------_62 9.2.4 housing resettlement in Fuling and Wanzhou______-62 9.3 Resettlement of the affected units and infrastructures______-63 9.3.1 Waste water management project in Chongqing ------63 9.3.2Waste water management project in FULING_------64 9.3.3 Other components in Chongqing (CQMSWP),Fuling (WSMP),Wanzhou and Nan Bin_. 65 9.4 Resettlement of the vulnerable groups ------65 10. COMMUNITY CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION EXERCISES------67 10.1 Purpose and Method of Public Participation______-67 10.1.1 Purposeof public participation ------67 10.1.2 Method of Public participation_------67 10.2 SUMMARY RESULTSOF public participations ------68 103 FUTUREConsultations and participation ------68 10.4 Resettlement Information Booklets (RIBs) ------______70 11. Redress and Grievances______72 11.1 The procedures______------72 12. IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS ------75 1 2.1 Resettlement actions and implementation schedule ------75 12.1 .1 Resettlement actions______-75 12.1.2 Implementation schedule ------75 13. COSTS AND BUDGET ______76 13.1 Flow of funds______-76 13.2 Basecost- -77 13.3 The cost of preparing the RAPand monitoring and evaluation (M&E)_------78 13.4 Administrative costs______-78 13.5 Contingencies ------78 13.5.1 Physical contingencies ------78 1 3.5.2 Pricecontingencies ------78 1 3.6 Annual cost estimated ------79 14. MONITORING AND EVALUATION - INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ------80 14.1 Internal Monitoring_------80 14.1.1 Objectives------80 14.1.2 Responsibilityv------80 14.1.3 Indicators to be monitored ------80

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LISTOF TABLES

Table 1.1: The main components of the final RAPreport ...... 6 Table 3.1: The land for acquisition for the civil works components of CUEP...... 33 Table 5.1: Overview of the impact dimension of the CUEP...... 36 Table 5.2: The Main Socio-economic Indicators of the Affected s of the CUEP...... 42 Table 8.1: Comparison of selected compensation rates for each component ...... 58 Table 9.1: The programs of absorbing labor in Chongqing ...... 59 Table 9.2: Eligibility criteria for the vulnerable groups (CUEP...... 65 Table 10.1: Summary of PAPsviews on Resettlement Options ...... 68 Table 13.1: Breakdown of costs for land acquisition and resettlement in CUEP...... 76 Table 13.2: The summary of the land and compensation costs for CUEP(in Yuan)...... 77 Table 14.1: The schedule for submitting the monitoring reports...... 87

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LISTOF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 : Location of Chongqing Municipality within China...... 1 Figure 1.2: Organisation of Project Preparation for CUEP...... 2 Figure 1.3 : Structure of Project Appraisal Documents ...... 4 Figure 1.4: Location of Project...... 8 Figure 2.1: Location of Project Cities in Chongqing Municipality ...... 12 Figure 2.2: Overview of the Chongqing Wastewater Component...... 1 6 Figure 2.3: Project Implementation Plan - Chongqing Wastewater...... 17 Figure 2.4: Location of Changshengqiao Landfill ...... 20 Figure 2.5: Location of existing and proposed water treatment works in Fuling ...... 22 Figure 2.6: Location of existing and future WTW in Wanzhou...... 24 Figure 2.7: Location of WTWin Nanbin ...... 26 Figure 2.8: Location of existing and future WTW in Qianjiang ...... 28 Figure 3.1: Location of land affected by CUEPcivil works in Chongqing ...... 29

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ACCRONYMSAND ABBREVIATIONS

ACCRONYMS

CDC Chongqing Drainage Company

CMG Chongqing Municipal Government

CMMB Chongqing Municipal Management Bureau

CRBCC Chongqing Road and Bridge Construction Cny

CUEP Chongqing Urban Environment Project

CSWMC Chongqing Solid Waste Management Company

PMO Project Management Office

PRO Project Resettlement Office, or Management Office of the World Bank's Capital Utilisation

RO Resettlement Office

SASS Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences

SMEDI Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute

SOGREAH Sogreah Consultants SNC

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ABBREVIATIONS

CQ Chongqing city

CQWWMP Chongqing WasteWater Management Project (component)

CQMSWP Chongqing Municipal Solid Waste Project (component)

DRA Design Review, and Advisory services

FU Fuling

FUWSP Fuling Water Supply Project (component)

FUWWP Fuling WasteWater Project (component)

GDP Gross Domestic Product

LDP Landfill Disposal Project

PAP People Affected by the Project

NA Nan Bin (Shi Zhu )

NAWSP Nan Bin Water Supply Project

RAP Resettlement Action Plan

RIP Resettlement Implementation Plan

TGP Three Gorges Project

TOR Terms of Reference

TVE Towns and Villages Enterprises

WA Wanzhou

WAWSP Wanzhou Water Supply Project (component)

WSP Water Supply Project

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WWMP WasteWater Management Project

WWTP WasteWater Treatment Plant

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UNITS

bn Billion

CU.m. Cubic meter

ha Hectare

hh Household

M Million

m Meter

mu 1/15 ha

m3/d Cubic meter per day m2 Square meter

no Number

Rmb (or RMB) Renmimbi (Yuan)

$ US Dollar

sq.m. Meter square

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EXECUTIVESUMMARY

CUEPAND LANDREQUIREMENTS

The Chongqing Urban Environment Project (CUEP)consists of seven components in water supply, sewage treatment and refuse treatment/disposal in five cities of Chongqing Municipality. Land acquisition is necessary as well as the relocation and economic rehabilitation of people affected by the project. Resettlement would be undertaken in accordance with the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP)which has been prepared by specialists in Chongqing with technical assistance from institutes in Shanghai.

Approximately 310 hectares (4650 mu) of land would need to be acquired, and almost 3,500 households (about 16,000 persons) would be directly affected by the project, shown by component below:

Project Component Land(ha) Households Estimated Affected/PAPs Cost (Million Yuan)

Chongqing Wastewater 172.6 2905/12585 666.66

Fuling Wastewater 0.5 305/2383 35.21

Fuling Water Supply 4.9 51/225 2.45

Wanzhou Water Supply 4.4 22/81 2.25

Qianjiang Water Supply 0 0/0 0.0

Nanbin Water Supply 1.9 36/153 0.53

Chongqing Municipal Solid Waste 63.5 215/667 92.24

Total CUEP 311.3 3534/ 16094 799.34

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The total cost for the RAP has been estimated at approximately 800 million Yuan; this includes RAP preparation, monitoring and evaluation, administrative costs, and contingencies.

This equates to approximately a unit resettlerment cost of approximately 50,000 Yuan per PAP(6,100 US$ per PAP).

CARACTERISTICSOF THE PROJECTAFFECTED PEOPLE

Of the total number of Projected Affected People (16,094) approximately 4% have been categorised as falling within a "Vulnerable Group" (the poor, the disabled, households headed by a woman, the aged and ethnic minorities). The low number of ethnic minorities reflects the small amount of resettlement for components such as the Nanbin and Qianjiang Water Supply Components, where ethnic minorities are predominant.

Special measures have been proposed to ensure the successful rehabilitation of living standards of the vulnerable groups after resettlement. PUBLICPARTICIPATION

The public participation of this project adopts three forms: bulletin in the press, public opinion questionnaire and survey of the public.

* Bulletins in the press : The government of Chongqing City has published bulletins in the Chongqing Dailyand Chongqing Evening Paper,which contained the pollution situation of Chongqing, the discharge of the main pollutants, the state of water supply and demand. It also publicised the loan amount, the general situation of this project, the control goal of the environment and the main measures of the pollutants.

* The Willingness to PaySurveys : These surveys were carried out at an early stage of project preparation to assessthe overall acceptability of the projects to the people of Chongqing in the light of increased tariffs.

* Public Opinion Questionnaire (poll) : The poll was carried out separately in , Jiangbei District, Nanan District, , , , Banan District, Qianjiang, Fuling, Wangzhou and Shizhou which are the influenced districts. The questionnaire obtained the written olpinions on the project of the individuals.

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* Surveyof the public: The surveyinvited many delegatesof the people's conferenceof China,commissaries of the political conferenceof China,delegates of businessassociation, teachers, workers and farmers of the area, whose opinionswere consideredand whose inquirieswere answered.

* Surveyof the ProjectedAffected People:These surveys were carried out specifically as part of the ResettlementAction Plan.

COMPENSATION Compensationfor all affected structures would be paid at the replacementcost. Affected housesand enterpriseswould be providedwith alternativeplots of land for construction of structures. All affected labour would be re-employed in the same enterprisesafter reconstructionand would be paid a subsistenceallowance for the duration of temporary unemployment.Compensation for land acquisition would be paid to the collectives,which would be responsiblefor redistribution of land among affected families. Temporary land acquisition would be compensatedat rates equivalentto the productivevalue of affected land. Allowancewould be paid to the affected people for moving to resettlement sites, and for facilitation transition to new housesand jobs.

IMPLEMENTATIONOF THE RAP The lead group on land acquisitionand resettlementin each project city would co- ordinate the resettlement program. Each city would establish its own land acquisition and resettlement offices. Internal monitoring and evaluationwould be done by the municipal project offices. Separatemonitoring institutions would carry out independent monitoring and evaluation. The total cost of the land acquisition and resettlement program, including physical and price contingencies,is Y 799 million (about $97 million). The detailed implementationschedule for the resettlementprogram has been drawn up. The specific compensationand relocation-related activities, which need to be completed before construction can commenceon a given component, have been clearly listed in the ResettlementAction Plan(RAP).

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The entire process of resettlement planning has been participatory. Census and socio-economic surveys were conducted with the full participation of affected persons. The municipal governmentswere fully involved in the process of RAP preparation. Implementation would involve municipal-level institutions and the representativesof the affected peoples. In order to ensure that each affected householdis fully informed about the resettlementprogram, the municipal project officeswould distribute resettlementinformation booklets.

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INTRODUCTION

Chongqing Municipality, created out of Province in May 1997, is the 4th Municipality under direct control by the Central Government in (see Figure 1.1).

The has traditionally been centred around a strong industrial base (largely secondary industries, including steel works, manufacturing, chemical industries, etc.). This economic development has been the focus for rapid urban growth, especially since the opening up of China from 1979. However, these rapid expansions have not been accompanied by adequate environmental infrastructure, particularly in the fields of waste control and treatment (air, water and solid wastes).

The Three Gorges Project situated downstream of the Chongqing Municipality adds an additional dimension to the difficulties facing Chongqing. The project itself will provide a direct economic benefit to the province facilitating the transport of industrial goods downstream to the Eastern Delta Region (Shanghai and elsewhere) and beyond. However, the social (resettlement) and environmental (water quality) impacts of the project present the Municipality of Chongqing with a series of major challenges.

It is within this context that Chongqing Municipal Government, with assistance from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (World Bank), has embarked on an ambitious programme, the Chongqing Urban Environment Project (CUEP),of which the initial investment is in the order of 500 million US $.

Figure 1.1 Location of Chongqing Municipality within China

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1.1 THE CHONGQINGURBAN ENVIRONMENT PROJECT

CUEPis presently in its project preparation phase with implementation scheduled in 1 999 as part of the World Bank Lending Programme.

The project preparation, largely carried out by Chinese (largely local) organisations has been supported by various sources of international assistance to CUEP(see Figure 1.2).

Figure 1.2: Organisation of Project Preparation for CUEP

i~i D-_o- TlM (CHREOD-f) iM M."_-r MM."l(SC _~ d V E1* - *WW (AUSOIJSA) 0 W" SWIsf M_ (P-SMAlik >_/ d W.*. VA.W P- ch.*" W.-Wfie WMP PM. (CJ"

tFesabitytides aM PfIndururyryEnneuin (SOGREAN.FmJ1Ce)I WDeaP )

GIS EgneenDesign (nV1&MtZ0 Ii EGibER1d> FTk (aWSNA CF 111 DME SOtald EnWing OFtDiy(SORMn EAJtI/Jape?,F_(5) Fia., W.W Sal F,a..t.g fl-CMED

lnbon or BidDoaziwOs (To De mrbd/Jmpen) DESKN A_DP~ WT *IOWSDF 0DPREPARAIO q. s.-v-Yme..a. pucc. ~~~~~~~~- _.n fl-M en

Within the water supply and waste water sectors, the initial phases of project formulation (Master-Plan Review, Feasibility Studies and PrelirSinary Engineering) have been co-ordinated by SOGREAH via a funding made available by the Government of France (Phases I & II of a Design Review and Advisory assignment). Additional funding has also been supplied by Icelandic and Swedish World Bank Trust Funds.

The Engineering Design Phase(Phase ll) of the study has also been co-ordinated by SOGREAHvia a funding made available by the Government of Japan to Chongqing Municipal Government.

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1.2 PURPOSEAND SCOPEOF THE REPORT

This Resettlement Action Plan Report (R7) represents the final report of the Resettlement Action Plan prepared by the Municipality of Chongqing for World Bank's appraisal of the CUEP. The report follows the guidelines provided in the World Bank 0. D. 4.30 (dated June 1990) regarding resettlement planning and complies with the TOR defined by the Bank in the Aide Memoire n°l dated June 10 1997 and entitled "Resettlement Issues and Actions". This report has been updated with respect to those published in December 1998 and in August 1999 to take into account work done on the RAP during 1999.

The overall summary of CUEP is included in an accompanying report (Executive Summary, R10)

Other volumes in this series cover the following components of CUEP:

RI 1.1 Chongqing Waste Water Component

Ri 1.2 Fuling Water Supply Component

RI 1.3 Fuling Waste Water Component

RI 1.4 Wanzhou Water Supply Component

RI 1.5 Qianjiang Water Supply Component

RI 1.6 Nanbin Water Supply Component

The final report for Environmental Assessment (R6) is covered in a separate volumes together with a draft report covering the proposed technical assistance and training (Ri 2, Draft Technical Assistance and Training Report)

The relationship between this series of reports is illustrated in Figure 1.3.

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Figure 1 .3 Structure of Project Appraisal Documents

I11R:INTERIM REPORT !3.FULINGWASTE vVATER RI11:INTP1 METHODO GY & RIO EXUCUTIVE REPO RtECONDARY K 1.CHONQIWNETWOR SUMMARY WASTET! DESIGN G

CHONGQING URBAN TREATM G D OL ENVIRONMENT OUTFALLS MONITORING AND PROJECT CONTROL O&M COST ESTIMATES IMPLEMENTATION AND PROCUREMENT ECONOMIC ANALYSIS FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

PROJECTOBJECTIVES STRATEGICCONTEXT 'I PROJECTSTRATEGY PROJECT RATIONALE PROJECTANALYSIS RI1: INTERIM SUSTAINABILITY& RISKS REPORT LOAN CONDITIONS 5.QIANJIAN( IMPLEMENTATION R11: INTERWI4ATERSUP Y DESIGN METHO LOGY & PARAMETERS 4.WANZHOLW&6ixKES iUtiLY W. RTREATM r R6 EA R11: INTMMETHv

IREPORYARAMETERS ESTIMATE 2.FUL j;~MENTATn SUPPLYJT R ORING AN DESIGN MEDOLOGY fr OL R7| RAP | | _ PARAMETEIT ESTIMATES WATER INIMENTATION WATER T GM7NGAND NETVtORIZONTROL O&M MONITORING AND CONTROL

IMPLEMENTATION AND PROCUREMENT ECONOMIC ANALYSIS FINANCIAL ANALYSIS

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1.3 RESETTLEMENTACTION PLANNINGAND THE PROJECT

The primary objective of the Chongqing Urban Environmental Project (CUEP)is to provide a safe environmental setting for sustainable growth of urban areas in the newly created Chongqing Municipality (CM), under the responsibility of the Chongqing Municipal Government (CMG). Project Cities included in CUEPare Chongqing (Wastewater and Solid Waste Components), , (Water Supply Component), (Water and Wastewater components), Nan Bin, Shi Zhu District (Water Supply Component) and Qian Jiang County (Water Supply Component). In addition, CUEP includes an environmental monitoring component, an urban management information system, a cultural heritage component and finally various institutional strengthening and training activities..

As regards the RAP three reports have been previously provided to the World Bank:

* the Inception Report (December 1997) * the First Draft RAPreport (November 1 998) - the Second Draft RAPreport (August 1999)

This present final report (third draft) is composed of:

* One main overall report framed according to the World Bank requirements and Proposed Outline (June1 997). • Six final RAPsrelated to each component of CUEPin Chongqing, Fuling, Wanzhou, and Nan Bin. Editing agencies and consulting organisations involved in the production of these documents are mentioned in Table 1 .1.

The individual RAPshave been developed on the basis of the project descriptions included in the Feasibility Studies and Preliminary Engineering of the project components.

There is also a component of the CUEPin Qian Jiang. A preliminary design study was delivered in March 1 999 by the Sichuan Water Conservancy Survey Mapping. This component covers Baijiawan Standby water treatment, small extension of Sanyangging water treatment works, distribution network equipment and treatment works and pump station equipment. However there is no impact of the water supply component in Qian Jiang on people in terms of displacement and resettlement. According to the Director of the Water Conservancy and Power Bureau of Qian Jiang (July 1999), one household was resettled in April 1999 due to a waste water project not included in the CUEP.Consequently, Qian Jiang is not covered by the RAP/CUEP.

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The components related RAPhave been prepared by agencies mandated by CMG under the supervision of the Chongqing Management Office of the World Bank's Capital Utilisation (PMOChongqing) with the assistance of consultants mentioned in Table 1.1. SOGREAHConsultants have provided Design Review, and Advisory services and assisted CMG for the RAP from October 1997 to the end of November 1999 (preparation and production of the present final report). In Chongqing, assisted the two projects owners for the preparation of the draft reports (CQWWMPand CQMSWP)delivered to the World Bank in mid 1 998. The Economic Legal and Social Consultancy Center of the ShanghaifAcademy of Social Sciences (SASS)was appointed by PMO Chongqing and project owners from early 1998 to August 1 999 for training and methodological assistance to local agencies (Chongqing, Fuling, Wanzhou and Nan Bin) and for the production of the final RAPs.

Table 1.1: The main components of the final RAP report Componentsof the Editing agencies Assistance report

ChongqingMunicipal Government VolumeI through:

Synthesis of RAP i) PMOChongqing ii) Chongqing DrainageCny, iii) ChongqingSolid for CUEP Waste ManagementCny SOGREAH(DRA services)

+ and the Chongqing Road and Bridge Construction Cny. Appendices

Volume II Chongqing Municipal Government SOGREAH(DRA services)

RAP through: ShanghaYAcademy of Social Sciences(second phase) WasteWater i) PMOChongqing, ii) Chongqing Management Project Drainage Cny, Chongqing University (first phase) in Chongqing and the Chongqing Road and Bridge (CQWWMP) Cny

Chongqing Municipal Government

Volume IlIl through: SOGREAH(DRA services)

RAP i) Chongqing ManagementOffice of Shanghal Academy of Social the World Bank's Capital Utilisation Sciences(second phase) Landfill Disposal ii) Chongqing Solid Waste Project in Chongqing Management Cny, Chongqing University (first phase)

_ and the Chongqing Road and Bridge

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(CQMSWP) Construction Cny,

Chongqing Municipal Government

Volume IV through: SOGREAH(DRA services)

RAP PMO Fuling District Management Office of the World Bank's Capital Water Supply Project Utilisation Shanghai Academy of Social in Fuling Sciences Chongqing Management Office of (FUWSP) the World Bank's Capital Utilisation

Volume V Chongqing Municipal Government

RAP through: SOGREAH(DRA services)

Waste Water Fuling District Management Office Management Project of the World Bank's Capital in Fuling Utilisation ShanghaYAcademy of Social Sciences (FUWWP) Chongqing Management Office of the World Bank's Capital Utilisation

Chongqing Municipal Government SOGREAH(DRA services)

Volume VI through:

RAP Wanzhou District Management Shanghai Academy of Social Office of the World Bank's Capital Sciences Water Supply Project Utilisation in Wanzhou Chongqing Management Office of (WAWSP) the World Bank's Capital Utilisation

Volume VII Chongqing Municipal Government SOGREAH(DRA services)

RAP through:

Water Supply in Nan Chongqing Management Office of Shanghai Academy of Social Bin the World Bank's Capital Utilisation Sciences

(NAWSP)

1.4 OTHERPROJECTS IN THE STUDYAREA

To protect the waterfront of existing towns such as Chongqing, Fuling and Wanzhou, embankments are currently under construction. In the case of

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Chongqing, "bund roads" are under construction in association with these embankments.

The construction of these embankments will inevitably entail a certain amount of resettlement. The RAPsassociated with these civil works are not included in this project; in the case of Fuling, the RAPfor the embankment is part of the overall RAPfor TGP.

Nevertheless, the fact that the Fuling wastewater project, and to a lesser extent the Chongqing wastewater project, will be partially constructed in co-ordination with the embankment projects has caused some confusion in the demarcation of PAPs between each project. Since publication of the second draft report in August 1999, these confusions have been resolved.

1.4.1 THE RAPAND THE THREEGORGES PROJECT

Description of the RAPfor the CUEPwould not be complete without mention of the Three Gorges Project and the extensive Resettlement Action Plan currently being implemented by Chongqing Municipality.

The Three Gorges Project is located in the of the Chang Jiang mainstream in the county of the Province. The project consists mainly of a large dam across the Chang Jiang, hydroelectric power station houses and navigation structures.

Figure 1.4: Location of Three Gorges Project

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sea level and a length of about 2300 m. The spillway section is located in the middle of the riverbed, with the intake-dam and non-overflow dam on both sides of the spillway section. The construction is aimed to be completed by 2009, with a first phase operational by 2003.

Organisational structures have been set up to carry out resettlement in the framework of TGP. The TGP's resettlement programme is directly supervised by the Government of China, of which the executive body for the task is the Chinese Bureau for Land Acquisition and Resettlement, under the Construction Commission of the State. Council of the PRC. In Chongqing Municipality a Resettlement Management Bureau (RMB)which directly reports to the Chinese Bureau for Land Acquisition and Resettlement has been established. There are also specific resettlement offices in cities such as Wanzhou and Fuling which report to RMBChongqing.

Resettlement would cost about 40 billion RMBand the plan should be completed in 2009. The RAP has been prepared from 1992 to 1997, during which time socio-economic surveys were carried out.

In Chongqing Municipality alone there are around 600,000 people to be resettled and 1,600 enterprises are to be relocated due to the project. Among these people, the majority are rural; nevertheless, nearly 100,000 residents from large cities such as Wanzhou and Fuling would be displaced. During the process of

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preparation of the RAP, information has been disseminated on a large basis among affected people.

1.5 LAYOUTOF REPORT

The ensuing chapters of this report deal with the following topics

Chapter 2 Provides a summary of the physical infrastructure constituting CUEPdetailing in turn the location of various elements, the overall budget and the proposed Project Implementation Programme;

Chapter 3 Identifies the potential social impacts of the civil works of the components of CUEP,detailing the elements of the component giving rise to settlement, the sphere of influence of this resettlement and the procedures undertaken to minimise resettlement

Chapter 4 Summarises the major objectives of the resettlement program

Chapter 5 Details the findings of the socio-economic studies covering the results of the census survey and other relevant studies undertaken within the auspices of CUEP;

Chapter 6 summarises the legal framework of the People's Republic of China and Chongqing Municipality pertaining to resettlement;

Chapter 7 Analyses the proposed Institutional Framework

Chapter 8 Describes the general entitlement matrix

Chapter 9 Outlines the resettlement measures proposed to mitigate the social impacts of CUEP, proposed resettlement sites and associated housing, infrastructure and social services and the integration of displaced persons within the host populations; for the resettlement sites, potential environmental impacts are discussed.

Chapter 10 Provides a review of the community participation exercises

Chapter 11 Details grievance procedures

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Chapter1 2 Details the organisational responsibilities for implementation and presents a preliminary implementation schedule related directly to the implementationplan of the physicalinfrastructure

Chapter1 3 Summarisesthe costsand budget of the RAP Chapter14 Concludesthe report by detailing the arrangementsfor monitoring of the resettlementactivities

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2. SUMMARY OF PROJECTCOMPONENTS

2.1 GENERALDESCRIPTION OF CONCERNED SITES Chongqing Municipality is located in the Southwestof China, where economic growth is expected to speed up in the near future. This growth is strongly encouragedby the Chinesenational authorities and by the World Bankaiming to equilibrate the fast economic growth of Eastern ( Region) and Southern regions (PearlRiver Delta and Hong Kong) of China. According to the Chongqing Urban Water EnvironmentProject pre feasibility report (May 1997), gross agricultural product and gross industrial product should reach in Chongqing respectivelyRmb2O8 billion in 2000 comparingwith RmblO9 billion in 1996. Like in coastalprovinces, agricultural land use should progressivelyand dramaticallygive way to greater industrial (town and village enterprisesor TVEs) and urban uses(real estatesprojects, recreational areas, diminution of farmlands in metropolitan areas).Development of infrastructuresshould also lead to land use reallocation,particularly in the vicinity of the largestcities.

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Figure 2.1: Location of Project Cities in Chongqing Municipality

0 50 100 150 200 km

. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~n

Chongqing Municipality (CM) was created in March 1997, and then separated from SichLianProvince. Its population reaches today about 30 million of people, among which 80%are rural and 20%urban.

Chongqing. Chongqing consists of 11 Districts, 3 cities and 7 counties. It is located at the confluence of two rivers, Chang Jiang and Jialing Jiang, and the prefecture covers 23,114 km2 with a population of 15,297,100 (Statistical Yearbook, 1997). The city of Chongqing comprises six urban Districts: Yuzhong (575,800inh., 22km2), Dadu Kou (202,400inh., 94 km2), Jiang Bei (442,800inh., 214km2), Shaping (633,200inh., 383km2), Jiu Long Po (676,100inh., 443km2), Nan'an (428,500inh., 279 km2); totalling nearly 3 million people to which a significant floating population (estimated at 500,000) should be added. The present area of Chongqing covers 6,076 km2.

The population of Chongqing is expected to growth noticeably in the following years (1.88% to 2010 and 1.34% to 2020), assuming simultaneously a better optimisation of the population density (revised Master Plan, 1998). In particular, the main urban area of Chongqing is expected to develop dramatically (from 163 km2 in 1 995 to 240 km2 in 2010 (Cowi, 1997) which should leapJto a decrease of existing fairmiand.

Chongqing is located in a strategic region (the Tail of the Dragon) for the general development of China. Non only Chongqing' s area harbours both agricultural

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and (heavybut increasinglylight) industrial production units, but the proximity of the Three GorgesDam and the increasingnumber of infrastructure projects in the surrounding hinterland (expresswaysand roads framing corridors, power plants, dikes...) should provide new opportunities for businessand employment. Chongqing' s urban population should grow rapidly until 2020 due in particular to the rapid expected economic growth (industrialisation,services) and to the affluence of rural population from many parts of the WYR(Western Yangtze Region). According to Chreod (1997), the yearly GDP per resident in Chongqing is estimated at Rmb6,021 in 1994 with noticeable differences from one area to another (Rmb8,041 in the central District). Since many large heavy -and polluting- industrial units have been establishingin Chongqing for a long time, authorities now seekencouraging industrial re-conversionand productions more suitable to market needs (professionalequipment, consumption goods...).As a result, the number of TVEs tends to grow rapidly. In line with industrial and demographic development, CMG is attempting to bridge the gap between existing collective equipment and housing supply and demand. The square meter price (housingcost) in urban areasranges from Rmbl,000 to Rmb3,000in the downtownarea. WanzhouDistrict. WanzhouDistrict (8,355,800h) is located on the ChangJiang, 321 km downstream of Chongqing urban area and covers 13,8km2. Areas covered are Longbao, Tianshan (or Tiangsheng) and Wuqiao, totalling a population of 1,616,500inh. The total urban population has been estimated at 276,900 inh (revisedmaster Plan, 1998). It should continue to raise during the next decades.According to the WanzhouConstruction Commission, the population should reach one million in 2010. Clearly,the TGPproject will havea strong influenceon the demographic situation in Wanzhou. Recent estimates claim that around 118,000 new immigrants will settle in Longbao as a result of TGP. Around 50,000 of the District's present residentswill require resettlementdue to the submergenceof the town resulting from TGP.As a result, resettlementareas are in construction in the three Districts, such as the Wuqiao New Zone. In Wanzhouthe average GDPper registered residentwas estimatedat Rmbl ,722 in 1994 with Rmb2,390 in Longbao,the central District (Chreod,1 997), thus far below the level recorded in Chongqing. Fuling District. Areas to which this report refers in Fuling prefecture (3,710,000 inh. 12,800 km2. in 1997) are the only 'urban' areasof the prefecture,called Zhi Cheng (578,900 inh. in 1997; 1,534km2), and Li Du (500,500 inh. in 1997; 1,412 km2). They are located at the confluence of ChangJiang and Wu Jiang, 120km downstream of Chongqing urban area. The urban population of Zhi Cheng District which is now 200,000 should reach 500,000 in 2050, according to the pre-feasibility studies. Average GDPper capita was nearing Rmb2620 in Fuling (Chreod, 1997). Fuling is expected to develop rapidly in coming years,

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due to its proximity to Chongqing to which it is connected by a new highway, to be completed end of 1999.

Nan Bin (Shi Zhu District). Nan Bin Township (Xian) is the administrative centre of Shi ZhLi District, Qian Jiang Development Zone, and is located 40km away from the Changjiang. The urban area covers 2,5km2. The town has grown steadily since 1969. The urban population is now 30,000, among which the floating population is 3,600, and should reach 80,000 according to the pre-feasibility study prepared by SMEDI.

2.2 CUEPIN CHONGQING

2.2.1 CHONGQING WASTEWATER COMPONENT

Existing Situation. The city is facing major pollution of its rivers, particularly the Jialing Jiang, a principle source of potable water. Almost all of the municipal wastewater and a large proportion of industrial wastewater enter the river system without treatment, causing significant pollution within the city. The Jialing Jiang with a water quality objective of Class l1l,is in its lower reaches actually classified as Class IV. Notable pollutants passing the Class IlIl level are oils and phenols (largely of industrial origin) and ammonia and faecal coliforms (indicative of contamination with urban wastewater). Without the project organic pollution levels will rise dramatically, further endangering the already precarious potable water supplies.

At present, only 50,000 cubic meters per day (m3/d) of the estimated 850,000 m3/d of wastewater produced in Chongqing are treated at the existing Tangjiaqiao works, which serves a small catchment in the Jiangbei District (to the north of the central district). Wastewater production is projected to increase in line with economic development and population, reaching approximately 1.5 million m3/d by 2020.

Proposed Wastewater Component (Y 2508.0 million; $302.2 million). The proposed component will comprise the following works (see Figure 2.2):

* An entire primary sewerage network (length of 78 km) comprising a series of interceptors ranging in size from 1.5xl .5m to 3.5x3.5m, constructed either by cut-and-cover or by tunneling methods; * An inverted siphon of external diameter of approximately 4m together with an upstream pretreatment and pumping station conveying wastewater under the Yangtse river from the central business district of Chongqing;

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* The Tangjiatuowastewater treatment works (pre-treatment)with an initial capacityof 300,000m3/d and an associated2200 mm outfall 2 km from the works to the outfall at Tongluo Gorgeon the Yangtseriver; * The Jiguanshiwastewater treatment works (pre-treatment)with an initial capacityof 600,000 m3/d and an associated4000 mm outfall 220m long situatedapproximately 1 km from the works to the nearbyYangtse river; and * A programof secondarysewer construction, including link sewerstotaling approximately200km

The waste water component of CUEPwill represent the first of a waste water project totalling three phases: phase1 1 999-2003; phase11 2004-2008; phaseIlIl 2009-2013. The first phase related to the two plants would include preliminary treatment (screeningand grit removal)of collectedwastewater and dischargeto the Chang Jiang through appropriate outfall facilities. At a later date, advancedprocesses such as secondarytreatment including nutrient removal could be implemented, possibly around 2009. Care should therefore be taken in the first phasedesign to provide for the possibility of the future extension (hydraulic design, land requirements,control and monitoring, etc.)

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Figure 2.2: Overview of the Chongqing Wastewater Component

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For the iriterceptors, affected areas will be Jiulongpo District, Yuzhong District, Shapingba District, Jiangbei District, Nan'an District. Construction works should start in Jainuary2000.

As noticed in §1 .3, the final design of the interceptor/collector/secondary pipes is still to, be officially approved by the Planning Commission of the CMG. Consequently the present outcomes resulting from inve'stigations should be confirm ecl.

A summary of the implementation programme for Chongqing Wastewater is provided in Figure 2.3. For the purposes of resettlement three distinct operations can be identified in this planning:

1.The construction of the interceptors, some of which are planned to commence early in Year 2000;

2. The construction of the pre-treatment plant at Taipingmen and the associated sub-river tunnel under the Yangtse (construction due to commence in 2001);

3. The construction of the two wastewater plants at Tangjiatuo and jiguanshi.

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Figure 2.3: Project Implementation Plan- Chongqing Wastewater

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Broad estimatesindicate that the total number of people affected by the project is 14,255. Affected areasby the CQWWMPrepresent 3263.5 mu (217.56ha). The total cost of resettlement is estimatedat 638.26 million RMB,that is 25%of the total cost. 2.2.2 THE MUNCIPALSOLID WASTE PROJECT IN CHONGQINGCITY Existing Situation. Per capita waste generation has been assumedto rise from 0.95 kg/capita/day in 1996 to 1.22 kg/capita/day in 2020. These generation figures exclude up to 10% which is already recycledat the household level. This gives estimates for total wastes generated rising from the 1996 level of 3 000 tpd to 6 700 tpd in 2020. By 2020 it is anticipated that about 20% of the estimated wastes generated will be recovered for recycling, leaving the remainderrequiring treatment and disposal..

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The collection of the MSW is carried out in two stages: primary collection removes MSWfrom households and deposits it at a central point or collection station within the locality; secondary collection takes the waste from the collection stations for disposal at one of the nine existing treatment and disposal facilities. Primary collection is generally arranged by resident's committees or social units and secondary collection is primarily the responsibility of the district environmental sanitation management agencies (DESMAs).

Disposal is achieved by open dumping at eight sites currently operated by the DESMAs. These dumps have little in the way of leachate or gas controls, although six have rudimentary leachate treatment facilities. Waste is generally tipped and allowed to tumble down a tipping face which can be as steep as 60% Until recently no compaction or grading was used at the sites although such approaches now appear to have been introduced at some of the sites. Waste pickers are present at all of the sites, working in hazardous and dangerous conditions, and removing items for recycling. The ninth is operated by the Chongqing Environmental Sanitary Research Institute and is located at Liujiaolanya. The facilities feature a combination of mechanised and hand sorting of materials for recycling, incineration at seven of the facilities and, in two cases, composting. None of these facilities operates effectively and their contribution to recycling is not significant.

Most sewage is dealt with through the use of septic tanks. The DESMAs presently provide a septic tank emptying service using a small fleet of 24 five ton capacity suction tankers. About a third of these suction tankers have been identified as needing replacement by 2000. These suction tankers currently discharge at eight small anaerobic digestion facilities. These facilities appear to be too small to cope with the required throughput and do not work effectively, failing to meet current discharge standards. Alternative disposal means are therefore required until the new sewerage system is operational. After that, there will continue to be a need for a service for emptying public toilets and the septic tanks of buildings outside of the main area served by the new system.

Proposed Solid Waste Management Component (Y 485 million; $59.1 million). The proposed component will comprise the following works:

* a fleet of 8 and 10 ton capacity RELRCVs for use in six of the city's nine districts where they can be used to greatest effect; * new storage bins ranging in size from 0.66 to 1.1 m3 capacity for use with the new RELRCVs; * A new sanitary landfill with a first phase to provide disposal capacity for up to 15 years. The site has been designed to accept 1 500 tpd of MSWand will incorporate a composite liner of clay and HDPEfabric, appropriately protected by geotextile membranes and sand layers. A leachate drainage system and landfill gas venting system have been included

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The landfill will be situated in ChangshengqiaoTown, covering 1100 mu (73,33 ha) and representing a capacity of 21M m3. The site of the future landfill disposalstation is located in a rural and hilly area situated around 20 km away from the centre of Chongqing(Southeast), in Nan an District (, on the east side of the Nanan mountain.It is also situated closeto the Yuqian highway(3-4 km).

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Figure 2.4: Location of Changshengqiao Landfill

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INDICATIVESCALE CNANG SIIEND OIAO

Total land affected by the LDP is 91.33 ha (1 370 mu) and the total number of PAPis 85:3.

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The cost of resettlementis estimatedat 92.582 million RMB,that is 19% of the total cost.

2.3 OTHER COMPONENTSOF CUEP

2.3.1 CUEPIN FULING Existing Situation. Fuling is situated on the confluenceof two rivers, the Chang Jiang and the Wu Jiang. It is an important transport hub in Chongqing Municipality,connected to Chongqing itself by a new highway and serving as a port. The urban population is projected to grow from the current 200,000 to 500,000 by 2020. This howeverincludes a number of new towns associatedwith the Three Gorges Project; in the project area population growth is more moderate,rising from a current 180,000 to about 305,000 by 2020. Fuling Water Supply Component: There are currently three water treatment works supplying the main urban area of Fuling. Of these, WTP1 will be abandoned shortly due to its age, the pollution of the near-bank source by upstream urban dischargesand the need to construct a retaining embankment around the central district of Fuling. The poor quality of potable water is confirmed by social surveyswith 60%of the sampledpopulation dissatisfiedwith the overallwater quality. Currently,WTP2 is undergoingextension from a current capacity of 30,000 m3/d to a total capacity of 60,000 m3/d . The water distribution system comprises about 23 km of mains of diameters and particularly in the old urban area is need of rehabilitation and strengthening; pipe failures are reported to be frequent with 30%of the population complaining of frequent interruptions to supply. There are two high-level reservoirswith a combinedcapacity of 2,500 cubic meters Presentsupplies are inadequateto meet present and future water demand and are endangered by nearby wastewater discharges. Water demand has been projected to rise to about 140,000 in 2010 and 180,000 in 2020. This implies a need for an additional supply of about 100,000 m3/d by the year 2010. The proposedoption is to construct a new WTPupstream of the current (and future) main urban area,thus not affected by near-bank pollution plumes. A first phase of 50,000 m3/d has been proposedfor financing in this project.

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Figure 2.5: Location of existing and proposed water treatment works in Fuling

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Proposed Water Supply Component (Y 96.6 million; $11.6 million). The first phase financed under the project will have a capacity of 50,000 m3/d. The component will comprise the following works:

- An intake from the Chang Jiang upstream of Fuling near to the Yangtze Bridge at Tianzidian of ultimate capacity 100,000 m3/d with an initial 50,000 m3/d pumping capacity; * A 820 mm raw water transmission main 0.7 km long, to the treatment plant; * The water treatment plant upstream of Fuling with a capacity of 50,000 m3/d; * Treated water pumping station; * A treated water transmission main comprising 2.7 km of pipes of 920 mm; * New water distribution pipelines comprising 3.2 km of 600mm, 7.3km of 400mm and 5.3km of 300mm pipes; and * Distribution network improvements of existing networks

The total cost of resettlement has been established at nearly 2.3 million RMB. Total number of PAPis 225 and affected area is 73.66 mu.

Fuling Wastewater Component. Currently all wastewater from the wastewater from the central area of the city is conveyed in sewers discharging directly to the

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ChangJiang and the WuJiang. The seweragein the main urban area is combined, with about 13 main outfalls to the Chang Jiang and 14 to the Wu Jiang. Currently, dischargesin and upstreamof the harbour zone have a clear impact on water quality. The raw water for Nr. 1 WTPis polluted by these discharges; secondly,the visual impact of the wastewaterdischarges is apparentespecially in the harbour areawhere recirculatingcurrents tend to trap floating matter. Before implementationof the Three GorgesProject, there is little necessityfor providing any form of wastewatertreatment for Fuling,other than pre-treatment. Nevertheless,interception of the current wastewater systems with discharge downstreamof the confluenceof the WuJiang with the ChangJiang will protect the current water intakes and also improve the visual aspect of Fuling harbour. The project would be implementedin co-ordination with the new embankment project. In a second stage, treatment will be provided. The total average wastewaterflows are projectedat 110,000 m3/d in 2010, and 123,700 m3/d in 2020 Proposed Wastewater Component (Y 147.0 million; $17.7 million). The proposedworks would comprisethe following:

* Reinforcedconcrete pipe interceptors4.5 km in length running along the south bank of the ChangJiang, of diametersranging from 800 mm to 1,200 mm; * Reinforcedconcrete pipe interceptors1.6 km in length running along the west bank of the WuJiang, of diametersranging from 600 mm to 1,200 mm; * A pre-treatmentand pumping station upstreamof the WuJiang siphon; * A siphon consistingof two 1100 mm steel 500m in length under the WuJiang; * A reinforced concretebox culvert (1500x1 500 mm) 2.5km in length conveying flows from the inverted siphon to the future treatment plant site; * A 200m long steel outfall of diameter 1500mm with 4 risers; * Link sewersand missingconnections

2.3.2 CUEPIN WANZHOU Existing Situation. Wanzhou situated some 320 km downstreamof Chongqing on the Chang Jiang has a current population of 280,000, expected to grow rapidly to 900,000 by 2020. Known as the 'Gateway to Sichuan",Wanzhou is the second largest port, after Chongqing on the upper ChangJiang. Dominant industries include food processingand light industry. It is the town the most affected by the Three GorgesProject, with around 2/3 of the existing urban area to be submergedby the backwaterfrom the dam in the long term.

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The total population served by the current water supply service area is estimated at 265,000, representing a 95% coverage of the population of the urban area. The urban area of Wanzhou is divided into three seperate demand zones served by three separate systems. On the west bank of the Chang Jiang, are found the areas of Longbao and Tian Cheng; on the east bank is found the area of Wu Qiao, location of one of the major Three Gorges Resettlement Areas.

The Longbao demand zone has three treatment works with total capacity of 110,000m3/d (see . The intakes of these three treatment works are currently affected by upstream pollution sources; furthermore these intakes are likely to be flooded as part of TGP; WTP Nr. 2 is old an currently needs replacing. The existing works for both the Tian Cheng and Wu Qiao demand areas are small, 12,000 and 5,OOOm3/dayrespectively and are seriously affected by pollution. Both plants will also be flooded by TGP. Water demand in Wanzhou as a whole is predicted to rise from a current 94,000 m3/day to 244,000 m3/day in 2010 and 365,000 m3/day in 2020.

Figure 2.6: Locationof existing and future WTW in Wanzhou

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Proposed Water Supply Component (Y 139.9 million; $16.8 million). The proposed water supply component comprises the following works:

* Construction of a new water intake of overall capacity 100,000 m3/day upstream of the main urban area of Wanzhou to supply the new WTP; * Construction of a new water treatment works with an initial capacity of 50,000 m3/day supplying both the Longbao and Tian Cheng demand areas; * Construction of a new intake of 100,000 m3/day supplying raw water to the existing WTW Nrs. 1 and 3, upstream of the existing intakes; o Reinforcement and replacement of the existing water distribution systems.

Total number of PAPfor the WAWSPis 81 and affected area is 65.90 mu.

2.3.3 CUEP IN NAN BIN

Existing Situation. Nanbin is the administrative centre of Shi Zhu county of Chongqing Municipality. It lies on the Long He river about 40 km from the right bank of the Chang Jiang. The current population of 30,000 is projected to rise to 56,500 in 2010 and over 70,000 in 2020.

The total population served by the current water supply service area is estimated at 20,000. There is an old existing WTW of capacity 10,000 m3/d whose intake is at risk from pollution. Water demand is projected to rise to over 15,000 m3/d in 2010 and approximately 30,0000 m3/d by 2020.

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Figure 2.7: Location of WTW in Nanbin

.--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...... ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...... * ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~......

Proposed Existing

Proposed Nanbin Component (Y 36 million; $4.3 million). The proposed works comprise the following:

* Construction of a new water intake of capacity 30,000 m3lday upstream of the main urban area of Nanbin to supply the new WTW; Construction: of a new water treatment works with an initial capacity of 18,000 m3/day supplying New' transmission lines from the new WTW to the town of Nanbin; * Reinforcement and replacement of the.existing water distribution systems.

Total number of PAPfor NAWSPis 1 53 and affected area covers 28.80 mu.

2.3.4 CUEP IN QIANJIANG

Existing Situation. Qianjiang county town is located in the Qianjiang autonomous region, in the south-east of Chongqing Muncipality. It is the economic and administrational centre of the region, with tobacco and tourism as

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the major industries.The urban population has been growing rapidly over recent years (at greater than 8%);this population growth is projected to continue from the presentday value of 78,000 to 56,000 in 2010 and 73,000 in 2020. There are three existing WTWsserving the project area as follows.(see The Old Area WTW (5000 m3/d), intended to abstract water from the Qian Jiang. However, becauseof increasing pollution and changing river flow patterns (a minimum flow of 36 I/s, perhapslinked to upstreamdeforestation), the WTWhas been out of operationfor five years.Sheng Yang GongWTW also serving the Old Urban Area, constructedin 1992 with a capacity of 20,000 m3/d. It uses raw water from Xiao Nan Hai reservoir supplied by an aqueduct about 32 km long. FengJia ZhengWTW extracts water from the Zhe He. It has a design capacityof 400 m3/d but becauseof lower water levels at the intake site, its present capacityis only 100 m3/d. The present system suffers from many problems.The aqueduct from Xiao Nan Hai reservoir supplying Shengjia Zheng WTWfails each year becauseof land slips, some serious. The Qian Jiang is polluted and can no longer provide a continuous supply of water to the Old Area WTW.Feng Jia Zheng WTWis small, old and dilapidated; it is on a very restricted site, with no possibility for extensions. Less than 30%of domesticusers are satisfied by the water supply service, 10% use water cleanerand 40%buy purified water for drinking. Lessthan 10% of domesticusers reported interruptions in water supply. Waterdemand for Qianjiangas a whole is projectedto rise to about 74,000 m3/d in 2010 and 126,000 m3/d in 2020.

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Figure 2.8: Location of existing and future WTW in Qianjiang

K N.\

NeN FWTW . ExistngWTW \ ^ I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~Aq, ueducts Reservdrs Rivers

Proposed Water Supply Component (Y 61.2 million; $7.4 million). The proposed scheme will comprise the following:

3 Rehabilitation of the existing 32km aqueduct from Xiao Nan Hai reservoir to the Sheng Jia Zheng WTW; * Extension of the Sheng Jia Zheng WTWby 30,000 m3/d; * Construction of a new WTWof 30,000 m3/d at Baijawan served by the Dongtang reservoir; * Rehabilitation of the Chengbei canal supplying the BaijawanWTW; * Extension and rehabilitation of the existing distribution network (by the addition of 27.5 km of pipe network).

As noted previously, there is no resettlement associated with this component.

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3. POTENTIAL SOCIAL IMPACTS OF THE CUEP COMPONENTS The following sections discuss for each of the components the civil works of each of the componentsgiving rise to resettlement,the sphere of influence of this resettlementand the proceduresundertaken to minimiseresettlement.

Owing to the co-ordinating role playedby organisationssuch as PMOChongqing and PMOin Fuling and Wanzhou,CRBCC (in Chongqing)assisted by consultants (such as SOGREAH,SMEDI or SASS)during preparationand design phasesfor all components of CUEP,the minimisation of land and resettlement followed identical principlesin the different componentsof the CUEP. Designs of componentshave been madeaccording to principles of saving land, minimisation of cultivated land, avoiding high-yield cultivated lands and minimisation of relocation of people. To this respect, opinions from local governmentsand surveysamong affected residents enabledto consider several options for components'location by repeatingcomparisons. As soon as each project will start the implementationwill be carried out in accordance with the RAP to minimise impacts. Measureswill be taken to rehabilitate or reconstructaffected residencesand/or infrastructuresas soon as possible. Evenafter the start of constructionworks related to each component, further efforts such as implementationof innovativeconstruction techniques,or seek for efficiency of construction managementwill be provided aiming to mitigate negative impacts on affected areas and to limit damagesdue to each component (such as traffic, noise...)to PAPs'work and life. Such environmental impacts and the proposedmitigation measuresare coveredin the Environmental Assessmentfor CUEP.

3.1 THE CUEPIN CHONGQING The components of the CUEPlocated in Chongqing have been described in Chapter2; Figure 3.1 illustrates the location of land required by the civil work of the Chongqingcomponents.

Figure 3.1: Location of land affected by CUEPcivil works in Chongqing.

3.1.1 CHONGQINGWASTEWATER COMPONENT

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As detailed in Chapter 2, the Chongqing Wastewater component consists of a number of works including secondary sewers, main conveyors/interceptors, tunnels, one pre-treatment/pumping station.

The WWMP in Chongqing concerns five Districts: Nan'an, Jiulongpo, Jiangbei, Shapingba and the central District of Yuzhong located on the peninsula. The two WWTP of Tangjiatuo and jiguanshi will be located in rural areas north of the central District. There, the two sub-Districts of Tangjiatuo and Jiguanshi will be affected.

From the very early stages of project preparation, the minimisation of potential social and environmental impacts was an important consideration in the selection of the masterplan strategy. As discussed in previous reports, consideration was given to a large range of options including options based a large number (16) WWTPlocated within the current urban area. Given the high population density in these areas, it is clear that the social and environmental impacts of this latter strategy would have been far greater than the adopted strategy consisting of two WWTPs situated downstream of the existing and future built-up areas of Chongqing. Furthermore, this downstream location avoids the use of land vital to the socialland economic development of the main urban area of Chongqing.

Since the development of the masterplan strategy, further efforts have been made to reduce the social impact of the component essentially by the reduction of the amount of land utilised.

With respect to the two WWTPs,the surface of land required and PAPshas been reduced by approximately 25% since the estimation made in late 1 998 (cf. RAP draft report, November 1998): from 1616 mu (4,263 PAPs) it is presently estimated at 1249 mu (1,657 PAPs).

The interceptors/collectors and secondary network systems represent the most important issue faced by Chongqing Municipality as regards resettlement. The initial studies indicated 2,675 mu of urban land would be taken by the network affecting 5,489 people. However, these estimates were later amended based on more detailed census surveys. In the second draft RAP (August 1999) the land taken to be occupied by the network was estimated at 989.5 mu but with over 14,000 PAPs.

The present estimated number of PAPsassociated with the network has been reduced to approximately 11,410 people as a result of amendments to the preliminary design and further census surveys.

The CQWWMPwill affect 2253.9 mu of land (nearly 150 ha) among which 989.7 mu (nearly 66 ha) for the interceptors and collectors, 721.6 mu (48 ha) for Jiguanshi WWTP, 527.5 mu (35 ha) for Tangjiatuo WWTPand 15 mu (1 ha) for Taipingmen pre-treatment plant . Of this, the cultivated land represents 763.7 mu consisting mainly of irrigated land, vegetable land, orchard and dry land. All

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the rural collective land has to be acquired representing a total of 1249 mu. Urban land representing1 004.8 mu (70 ha) is alreadyowned by the state.

3.1.2 MUNICIPALSOLID WASTE PROJECT IN CHONGQING

The land occupied by the landfill is estimated at 852 mu in November 1999. Comparedwith the figures from the previous reports (1400 mu in November 1998 and I1 00 mu in August 1999) this representsa noticeabledecrease, even if partially due to financial considerations. No units and enterprisesare affected by the project, and the number of people to be displacedfrom the landfill site has been decreasedfrom 1780(November 1998)to 513 (November1999). The landfill project itself will cover 852 mu in the village (chun) of Chayuan located in Nan'an District. This village encompassesthe villager groups of Xujiawan,Baishulin, Tieluwan, Laochaofang, Shuijingwan, and Citangpo. The affected area is located in rural areas and 100% of the land will be permanentlyacquired. Among the 852 mu to be acquired, 451 mu represent cultivated land, mainly dry and irrigated land. Further descriptionsof this land can be found in VolumeIll of the RAP.

3.2 THE CUEPIN OTHERAREAS OF CHONGQINGMUNICIPALITY

3.2.1 WATERSUPPLY IN FULING

For the water supply componentthe land required by the project is 73.66 mu due essentiallyto the constructionof the new water treatment plant, that is only 3.67%of the total cultivated land of the affected village of Tianzidian. Only 100 of the 225 affected people will need resettlement. No units or enterprises, no utilities or social infrastructuresare to be affectedby the component. The project is located at the intersection of the 319 National Highwayand of the presently plannedXingfu road. The componentwill be located on the land of the Tianzidian 7th villager group, Fuling District. The site is close to the toll booth of the bridge crossing the ChangJiang. The land covers rural area and is mainly occupied by vegetable cultures (cf. Volume IV). It should entirely be acquired. The cultivated land to be acquired (vegetableland) represents3.67% of the total cultivated land of the affectedvillager group.

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3.2.2 WASTEWATER IN FULING

The waste water component for Fuling the land required is estimated at 7.5 mu, with approximately 2,383 PAPsand 175 affected units.

The waste water component in Fuling will require 7.5 mu of land located in the Zhi Cheng district bordering the left bank of the Wu Jiang; this is essentially for the pre-treatment station located upstream of the inverted siphon passing under the Wu Jiang. The site is currently occupied by medium rise housing with a fairly dense urban population; the population affected includes 1 019 persons and 1 17 units.

A further 2.3 mu of cultivated land will be borrowed affecting 1364 people and 58 units.

3.2.3 WATER SlJPPLYIN WANZHOU

The water supply project in Wanzhou will require 65.90 mu due mainly to the implantation of the new water treatment plant. The land for the extension of the existing plant (WTPNo 3 has already been acquired prior to CUEP).

Only 81 affected people are numbered. The retained option limits the surface of cultivated land required and does not affect units, social or utilities infrastructures. This results in the possibility to apply a land for land principle based on re-adjustment.

The water supply project is located in a rural area, in Wanzhou District, where the 4th villager group of the Tongyuan Village (Longbao Township) is set. It requires 65.90 mu of land, of which the share of cultivated land (irrigated and dry lands) represents 8.70% of the total existing cultivated land of the villager group (cf.Volume V). Most of the land is composed of irrigated land and, to a lesser extent, dry land.

3.2:4 WATER SUPPLYIN NAN BIN

For the Nanbin (Shizhu) water supply component, successful efforts have been made to minimise the land acquisition. representing only 2.54% of the total cultivated land of the affected village (Hong chun, written Hongchun in this report). The entire land required by the project is moderate, only 28.80 mu. Among other consequences (no houses nor units affected), this will enable an easy re-adjustment among residents of Hongchun.

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The componentrequires 28.80 mu, entirely to be acquired for the project. It is located on a rural area occupied by the 7th villager group of the Shuangqing Township,situated in the suburb of the Nan Bin village, Shi Zhu District. Most of the affected land is composedof irrigated land. Cultivated land to be acquired represents 2.54%of the existing cultivated land availableto the villager group (1,018 mu).

3.3 TOTAL NEED FOR LAND ACQUISITION/RESETTLEMENTIN CHONGQINGCITY Totally the land required by the CUEPapproximates 218 hectares(3265 mu) of which about 95%is found in ChongqingCity. The global situation regarding land acquisitionfor the civil works componentsof CUEPis describedin Table 3. 1.

Table 3.1: The land for acquisition for the civil works components of CUEP Rural (mu) Urban State Owned Land (mu) Total (mu)

-project areas- -project areas-

Total Ac- To be Total Acquired To be quire acquired acquired (mu) d

Chongqing 2101 _ 2101 989.7 _ 989.7 3090.7

Wanzhou 65.90 65.90 - - 65.90

Fuling 72.66 - 72.66 7.5 7.5 80.16

Nanbin 28.80 28.80 _ - - 28.80

Total 2268.3 - 2268.36 997.2 _ 997.2 3265.56

6

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4. OBJECTIVESOF THE RESE1TLEMENTPROGRAMME

The main objectiveof the resettlementprogram is to ensure that the production levels, income-earning capacity, and living standards of the project-affected persons (PAPs)can be improved, or at least restored to the level prior to that before implementationof the RAP. A seriesof measureswill be taken to safeguardthe entitlements of the affected people.They can be listed as follows:

3 To ensurethat all peopleaffected by a componentreceive compensation at replacementcost for their total loss due to the project, and are well resettled and rehabilitatedso that they can sharethe benefitsof this component; a Specialcare will be taken for the vulnerablegroups (i.e. poor households, householdswith disabledmembers, households headed by a women, elderly peopleliving alone,and peoplebelonging to ethnic minorities):assistance in building and moving into resettlementareas and new houses,allocation of specificcompensations. * To provide adequatecompensation to the collectivefor the cultivated land acquisition.The compensationwill mainly be usedto increasethe productive capacityof the collective; * To help affected peoplewhose housesare relocatedto select their new sites and build their new houses,and to allow them to harmonisewith their new environmentas smoothlyas possible; * The implementationof both land acquisitionand resettlementwill be monitored and evaluated(M&E) by an independentmonitoring institute. The representativesof the PAPswill participate in the organisationof the resettlementand the responsibleinstitution will define appropriateprocedures and provide to the PAPssuitable meansto redressany grievances.

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5. CENSUSSURVEY OF AFFECTEDPEOPLE AND ASSETS 5.1 METHODOLOGICALFRAMEWORK

In order to evaluate precisely and entirely the impacts of land acquisition and resettlement of the two components of CUEPin Chongqing, the PMOChongqing made arrangements for census of affected people and assets.

The preparation for the census was done meticulously: working out of investigating plans, design of all survey tables, training of investigators, contacts taken in advance with the governments and the relevant agencies in affected areas, conducting trial surveys on site to test survey tables and to show to investigators how to use them. The investigating team comprises the relevant personnel from the CRBCC, the Land Administration, the Planning Administration, the Public Security, the Civil Affairs Department, the Food and Statistics Department of affected Districts, Township Governments and affected Villager Administrative Committees.

The fact that the same organisation, the CRBCC- assisted by consultants for methodological aspects, the Chongqing University (1st phase) and the SASS- co- ordinated the census and socio-economic surveys for the two components, allowed a higher efficiency and better synergy in the preparation and realisation of the work. Many meetings were organised by local authorities and the CRBCCin 1 998 to describe the RAPand more specifically to train the responsible teams for census and socio-economic surveys; 21 preparing sessions dealt with the CQWWMPfrom March to July 1998 and 13 with the CQMSWPfrom July to September 1998; Training sessions were also set by SASSat the beginning of 1 999 and in Summer 1999 to improve the quality of the census.

The realisation of census has been based on the principle of door to door survey. The socio-economic survey has been based on data gathered by statistic agencies (in particular the Statistical Bureau of Chongqing) and validated by surveys among she and production groups on affected sites. The uncertainty affecting the design of some sub-components (in particular the routes for the collectors/interceptors) justifies the need for further investigations to be conducted.

Various different surveys have been conducted in the different project areas dependent on the complexity and impact of the component. Naturally, the most extensive and detailed surveys covered the two Chongqing components due to the potential magnitude of their impacts.

For the Chongqing Wastewater component the following series of surveys were undertaken:

1. Initial Census Surveys during 1 998;

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2. Follow-up surveys during early 1999;

3. Survey of the Taipingmen pre-treatment site during August/September 1999;

4. Detailed socio-economic and public participation exercise (as requested by the World Bank) from the 6th September to 14th October 1999.

Similarly, for the Chongqing Solid Waste component the following series of surveys were undertaken:

1. Initial Census Surveysduring 1998;

2. Follow-up surveys during early 1 999;

3. Detaileid socio-economic and public participation exercise (as requested by the World Bank) from the 6th September to 14th October 1999.

For the remaining components simpler surveys were conducted, excepting the Fuling WastewaterComponent where further surveys were also conducted at the request of the World Bank.

According to the outline proposed by the World Bank, results of census and socio-surveys related to each of the six components of the CUEPare recorded into a series of tables in Volumes II to VII of the RAP.

5.2 THE IMPACTDIMENSION OF THE CUEP

Table 5.1 summarises the overall social impact of the civil works components of CUEP. This table includes additionally the impact of the resettlement areas for the two Chongqing components. Specific details of these resettlement areas are provided in Chapter 9 of this report.

Table 5.1: Overview of the impact dimension of the CUEP no Affected areas unit CQWW CQSW FUWS FUWW WAWS NAWS Total

A B c D E F G H 1 cultivated land acquisition mu 965.01 544.60 54.85 0 53.18 25.89 1,643.5 2 non-cultivated land mu 618.93 407.4 18.81 0 12.72 2.91 1,0 60 .7B acquisition 7 3 Urban state owned land mu 1,004.8 7.5 1,012.3 4 total landAtquisition mu 2,588.Y 952 73.66 7.5 65.9 28.8 3,716.6u 5 total affected buildings sq.m 230,544 14,525 2,567 58,372 2,909.80 0 308,914) 6 total affected households no. 2,90§ 21 5 51.00 305 22.00 36 3,5§ 7 total PAPs perso 12,585 667 225 2383 81 153 16,094 8 affected householdsof 156 29 6 31 0 36 258 vulnerable groups

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9 PAPsof vulnerable groups perso 268 47 8 661 0J 1 53 542 10 Affected units/enterprise . 7178 1751 1 1 253 1 1 PAPsof affected units perso 3544 1208 4,752 units/enterprises n

The CUEPshould totally affect 16,094 people and 3,716 mu of land. Table 5.1 shows that most of impacts of the CUEPwith regard to the RAPare caused by componentsprojected in Chongqing area. In particular the urban dimension of the CQWWMPaccounts for the relative importance of non cultivated land required.The numbersof Districts,Townships and Villageshave been mentioned in chapter 3. Namesof all areas affected by each component are available in volumes 11to VIl of the RAP. 5.3 THE LANDACQUISITION Land acquisitionfor the whole CUEPrepresents a total of 3,716 mu. Among them the shareof cultivatedland against total land required representfor the different components: 37%(CQWWMP), 57% (CQMSWP), 74% (FUWSP), 0% (FUWWP),81% (WAWSP),90% (NAWSP). As regards cultivated land, the main categories of land affetted are the followings - CQWWMP:Irrigated land (409 mu), orchard (29 mu) and dry land (473 mu) against 965 mu of cultivated land affected. - CQMSWP:Irrigated land, (307 mu) and dry land (176 mu) against 545 mu of cultivated land affected. * FUWSP:Vegetable land (54.85 mu) against 54.85 mu of cultivated land affected.

- FUWWP:all urban land - WAWSP:Irrigated land (36.01 mu) against 53.18 mu of cultivated land affected. - NAWSP:irrigated land (22.30 mu) against 25.89 of cultivated land affected.

Details about categories of land affected by each component are available in volume 11to VIl of the RAP 5.4 THE AFFECTEDHOUSES CUEPwill affect 308?914sq.m. of housessettling presently,16,094 personsand 3,534 households.Investigations reveals that most of these houses are timber tile and brick concretein Chongqing.

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A component by component approach shows that the main types of affected housesare as follows: - CQWWMP:brick concrete ( 18,994 sq.m)and timber tile (26,163 sq.m) houses, against a total floor space of 167,908sq.m, particularly due to the urban dimensionof the component'simpacts. - CQMSWP:brick timber (7848 sq.m) and timber tile (5810 sq.m.) housesagainst a total floor spaceof 14,525 sq.m

- FUWSP:timber tile (1245.3 sq.m) and brick timber (877.3 sq.m) housesagainst a total floor spaceof 2566.6 sq.m. - FUWWP:brick concrete (1972.8 sq. m) and brick timber (125 sq. m) houses against a total floor spaceof 2098 sq.m, - WAWSP:timber tile (1086.6 sq.m) and brick timber (888.8) houses against a total floor spaceof 2909 sq.m. - NAWSP:no housesare affectedby the component. Details about categoriesof housesaffected by each component(including plots areas and enclosingwalls) are availablein Annex A or in volume If to VI of the RAP. 5.5 AFFECTEDUNITS AND ENTERPRISES Two componentsaffect work units and enterprises: Chongqing wastewatercomponent affects 78 units and enterprises with 3544 staff membersand a floor spaceof 62,634 sq.m. In terms of employment the most important affected units and enterprisesare located in Yuzhong District (the pre-treatment station), Nan'an District (in particularXuantanmiao township) and JiangbeiDistrict. Of these units, 31 are representedby shops. The Fuling Wastewatercomponent additionally affects 175 units and enterprises representing a floor space of approximately 40521 sq. m. Additionally the livelihood of 56 street vendorswill be affected, notably at the pre-treatment site (41 vendors). Details about units and enterprisesaffected are availablein Volume II and IV of the RAP. 5.6 AFFECTEDCROPS Affected crops for the whole CUEPrepresent a total of 1,644 mu of cultivated land.

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5.7 AFFECTEDINFRASTRUCTURES AND OTHERMAIN ASSETS Sincethey are located in different types of areasthe different componentsof the CUEPaffect various types of infrastructures and assets. This includes the following items: trees, tractor roads, sunning grounds (spaceof concreteground used by farmers to dry vegetables),stone banks,tombs, ponds,wire poles, wire and concreteroads. The most salient resultsmay be summarisedas follows.

- As regards the CQWWMP,the interceptors/collectors and secondary pipes systems will principally affect concrete roads representing 44,230 sq.m (no concrete roads are affected by the other sub-components which will affect however 20,500 sq.m of tractor roads). Affected wires represent 153270 m, mainly due to the constructionof the two WWTP.Since they are located in rural areas, the construction of the two plants will affect particularly fruit trees and their seedlings(52,655)whereas the other sub-componentwill rather affect other and miscellaneoustrees. - The CQMSWPwill affect 44,600m of wires, and 1938 sq.m. of tractor roads. Mainly miscellaneoustrees and miscellaneoustree seedlings will be affected (24,478 + 10,576) as well as 1799 cu.m of stone bank. It is worth noting that 350 tombs will also be affected by the component. - As it is located in the rural area, the FUWSPwill essentially affect trees (in particular 1527 miscellaneoustree seedlingand 7,330 fruit trees. ), and sunning ground (855.3 sq.m). 62 tombs and 3,600 m of wires will also be affected. - As no cultivated land is affected, FUWWPwill affect little in the way of trees, etc. The major impact is to sunning ground (1,936 sq. m), stone banks (4,048 M3) and wires (2,400m).

- As it is located in the rural area, the WAWSPwill essentially affect trees (in particular 8,253 miscellaneoustree seedlingand 9,206 miscellaneoustrees), and sunning ground (688.6 sq.m). 22 tombs only and 1,400 m of wires will also be affected. - Due to the limited surface of land required the NAWSPwill affect very few infrastructures (only 60 m of wire) and few other assets (some tenths of trees and tree seedlings). There are no social infrastructures (schools, hospitals and dispensaries, kindergarten,sport fields...) affected by the componentsof the CUEP. Details about infrastructuresand other assetsaffected are availablein VolumesII to VIl of the RAP.

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5.8 THE PROJECTAFFECTED PERSONS

The CUEPwill totally affect 16,094 people. Among them, 4752will be affected due to impacts of CQWWMPon units and enterprises. Total number of people affected by house relocation will reach 11,001 for the whole CUEP.

- CQWWMP:9041 people (2905 households) will be affected by house relocation, mainly due to the interceptors/collectors and secondary pipes systems, whereas no people will be affected only by the acquisition of land.

- CQMSWP:667 people (215 households) will be affected by house relocation (in particular in Chayuan village), whereas 154 people will be affected only by the acquisition of land in resettlement area of Taohuadian.

- FUWSP:In Tianzidian village, 100 people (21 households) will be affected by house relocation, whereas 125 people (30 households) will be affected by the acquisition of land.

- FUWWP:In Zhi Cheng district, 1112 people (294 households) will be affected by house relocation, whereas 2383 people (305 households) will be affected by the acquisition of land.

WAWSP:In Tongyuan village, 81 people (22 households) will be affected by house relocation, whereas no people will be affected by the acquisition of land.

- NAWSP:In Hongchun, no people will be affected by house relocation, whereas 153 people (36 households) will be affected by the acquisition of land.

Details about project affected persons and for each component are in Volumes II to VII. 5.9 THE AFFIECTEDVULNERABLE GROUPS

Excluding overlapping effects, a total of 542 people belonging to vulnerable groups have been recorded as affected by the CUEP.A major category are the poor people, defined as those whose monthly income per capita is below RmblOO in Chongqing and below Rmb95 in Fuling, Rmb9O in Wanzhou, Rmb80 in Nan Bin (categ. A). Other categories are households comprising disabled or handicapped members (categ. B), households headed by women (categ.C), isolated elderly people (categ. D), and households belonging to any of the 55 minorities of the PRC(categ. E).

- CQWWMP.Total number of people belonging to vulnerable groups is 268 (156 households). Most of them belong to categories C (118 people and 69 households) and D (76 people and 56 households). 7 people belong to ethnic minorities (3 households).

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- CQMSWP.Total number of people belonging to vulnerable groups is 47 (29 households).All of them belong to categoriesB (15 people and 7 households)or C (32 peopleand 22 households).No peoplebelong to ethnic minorities. - FUWSP.Total number of people belonging to vulnerable groups is 8 (6 households). Most of them belong to categories B and (6 people and 5 households)and E (2 peopleand 2 households).Thus, 2 people belongto ethnic minorities. - FUWWP:Total number of people belonging to vulnerable groups is 66 (31 households).Most of them belong to categoriesA (39 peopleand 9 households) and B (18 peopleand 16 households).No people belongto ethnic minorities - WAWSPThere are no vulnerablegroups affectedby the component. - NAWSP:Total number of people belonging to vulnerable groups is 153 (36 households),that is 100%of the people affected by the component.All of them belong to the categoryE (thesepeople belong to the Tu ethnic minority). Detailsabout vulnerablegroups and for each componentare availableVolumes II to VIl. 5.10 THE SOCIO-ECONOMICSURVEYS The results of the surveyscarried out in the different areasaffected are detailed and commentedin the VolumesII to VIl. Theseareas are:

- QCWWMP:Districts of Nan'an,Yuzhong, Jiulongpo, Jiangbei, Shapingba.

- CQMSWP:Nan'an District

- FUWSPand FUWWP:Fuling District

- WAWSP:Wanzhou District

- NAWSP:Shi Zhu District The following table gives an overviewof the situation in the six groups of areas concernedby the components.In the case of CQWWMP,average figures for the six districts havebeen calculatedwhere appropriate (lines 6, 7 and 8).

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Table 5.2: The Main Socio-economic Indicators of the Affected s of the CUEP

No Item Unit CQWWMP CQMSWP FUWSP FUWWMP WAWSP NAWSP

A B C D E F C H

1 total population person 2,800,600 440,600 1,087,000 sameas 1,642,500 490,000 FUWSP

2 non- person 2,047,900 288,500 229,800 sameas 330,000 54,300 agric. FUWSP popul.

3 Agric person 752,700 152,100 857,200 sameas 1,312,500 435,700 Popul FUWSP

4 total area sq.km 1340.9 279 2,946 sameas 3,457 3,013 FUWSP

5 Cultivate sameas d land FUWSP area mu 586,065 104,145 1,019,265 1,015,965 458,805

6 averagecultivated mu/ sameas land per FUWSP agricultural person person 0,64 0.68 1.19 0.77 1.05

7 local revenue RMB 206,758,00 130,150,00 137,460,00 sameas 181,220,00 49,620,000 0 0 0 FUWSP 0

8 per capitayearly sameas income of the FUWSP agricultural RMB 2853,8 2,418 1,519 1,505 1.166 households

Figures rellated to the six districts of Chongqing affected by the CQWWMPare averages when appropriate (items 6, 7 and 8 in Table 6.2.). This general overview illustrates economic disparities existing between the different areas of the CM, Chongqing and its urban districts (such a Yuzhong or Jiangbei) being to this respect the most advantaged areas. It explains also differences between compensation rates (cf. next chapter).The socio-economic survey will be continued during the resettlement implementation phase and reported by the external monitoring and evaluation agency.

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6. LEGAL FRAMEWORKAND RESETTLEMENTENTITLEMENT POLICY The Objective of the resettlement programme is to improve or at least restore the income levelsand standardsof living of the affected persons. 6.1 BRIEFACCOUNT The RAP of each component is prepared in accordancewith the laws and regulations listed below and the World Bank O.D 4.30 on Involuntary Resettlement(June 1 990). The resettlementimplementation of the Projectwill be based on the specific provisionsof the RAPagreed betweenthe World Bank and the Borrower(the ProjectOwner). Policies on land acquisition and resettlement are formulated at three levels of Governmentin China:

- The Central Governmenthas establishedthe basic policy framework through the promulgationof nationalregulations and implementationguidelines; - Provincial Governments have issued either general or project-specific regulationson implementationof national regulations;

- Prefectures,Municipalities and Counties have issued regulations applying to specificprojects. 6.2 THE NATIONALLAWS AND REGULATIONS The following laws and regulations define the key policies on land acquisition and resettlement: 1. The Law of Land Administration of the People'sRepublic of China (passedby the 16th sessionof the 6th NationalCongress in June 1986, revised first by the 5th sessionof the 7th NationalCongress in December 1988, revised second by the 4th sessionof the 9th National Congressin August 1998 and coming into force from January 1, 1999), Implementation Regulationsof Land law (coming into force from February1, 1991). 2. The State Forestry Law (coming into force from January 11, 1985) and its implementationregulations (coming into force from May 10, 1986). 3. The Provisional Regulationsof the State Cultivated Land Occupation Tax (coming into force from April 1, 1987).

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4. The Law of City Planning of the People's Republic of China (passed by the I 1th session of the 7th National Congress in December 1989, and coming into force from April 1, 1 990)

5. The Regulations on Management of Demolishing Urban Houses of the People's Republic of China (passed by the 76th routine session of the State Council in January 1991, and coming into force from June 1, 1991)

As regards the Law of Land Administration quoted above, the most important points are the followings:

6.2.1 OWNERSHIPAND RIGHTOF USEOF LAND

Article 10: Land collectively owned by peasants shall be operated and managed by the rural collective economic organisations.

Article 11: People's Government at the County level shall register and put on record lands collectively owned by peasants and issue certificates to certify the ownership)concerned.

People's Government at the County level shall register and put on record the use of land collectively owned by peasants for non-agricultural construction and issue certificates to certify the right to use the land for construction purposes.

People's (Governmentat the County level shall register and put on record uses of. land owned by the State by units or individuals and issue certificates to certify the right of use.

Article 12 Changes in tenures and uses of land, should go through the land alteration registration procedures.

6.2.2 LAND FORCONSTRUCTION PURPOSES

Article 45: The acquisition of the following categories of land shall be approved by the State Council:

- 1. Basic farmland;

- 2. Land exceeding 35 hectares (525 mu) outside the basic farmland;

- 3. Other land exceeding 70 hectares (1050 mu).

Acquisition of other types of land than those described in the preceding paragraph shall be approved by the People's Governments of Provinces, Autonomous Regions and Municipalities and submitted to the State Council for recording.

Article 47: In acquisition of land, compensation should be paid according to the original purposes of the land acquired.

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Compensation fees for land acquired include land compensation, resettlement subsidy and compensation for attachments to or standing crops on the land. The compensation fee for cultivated land should be 6 tolO times the average annual production value per mu during the three years prior to acquisition. Based on the number of agriculture population to be resettled, the regulations stipulate payment of a resettlement grant. The amount of the resettlement grant is to be determined on a per capita basis and should be 4 to 6 times the average output value per mu during three years prior to the land acquisition. The amount of the grant, however, should not exceed 1 5 times the average value of the production.

In reference to the land compensation and resettlement subsidy for cultivated land acquired, the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities should establish compensation rates for other types of land.

Provinces, Autonomous Regions and Municipalities should determine compensation rates for attachments and standing crops.

In acquisition of vegetable fields in suburban areas, units using the land should pay new vegetable field development and construction fees.

Should the resettlement grant be proved inadequate to maintain the previous living standards of the affected people, People's Governments of Provinces, Autonomous Regions and Municipalities can increase the amount of the resettlement grant. However, the combined amount of the compensation for land and resettlement grant should not exceed 30 times the average annual production value per mu during the previous three years.

Article 49: Rural collective economic organisations shall make public to their members receipts and expenditures regarding land compensation fees for land acquired and shall accept their supervision.

It is forbidden to embezzle or divert land compensations and other related expenses.

Article 50: Local People's Governments at all levels shall support rural collective economic organisations and the peasants in their efforts toward development and improvement of management of production or in starting up enterprises. 6.3 THE REGULATIONSOF THE CHONGQINGMUNICIPALITY

Most regulations are common to all components of CUEP, apart from those specifically related to urban areas in Chongqing and to Fuling and Wanzhou areas.

1. The Sichuan Province Implementation Regulations of the State Land Law (passed by the 26th session of the 6th Sichuan Province's Congress on July 2, 1987, revised first by the 12th session of the 7th Sichuan Province's Congress on

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November 15, 1989, and revised by the 15th session of the 8th Sichuan Province's Congress on June 20, 1995).

2. Chongqing Management Methods of Land for Construction Purposes (passed by the 87th routine session of the Chongqing Government in August 1991, and coming inito force from September 1, 1991).

3. Chongqing Declaration, Examination and Approval Procedures of Land for Construction Purposes(coming into force from November 23, 1 988).

4. The Chongqing Urban Planning Management Regulations (passed by the 6th session of the 11th Chongqing City's Congress in March 1989, approved by the 9th session of the 7th Sichuan Province's Congress in May 1 989, and coming into force from May 25, 1989).

5. The Chongqing Management Regulations on Demolishing Urban Houses (passed by the 27th session of the 11th Chongqing City's Congress in August 1992, approved by the 31st session of the 7th Sichuan Province's Congress in September 1 992, and coming into force from November 3, 1992).

6. The Chongqing Fee Standards of Demolishing Urban Houses (passed by the 16th Chongqing City's session in April 1995, and coming into force from July 1, 1995).

7. The Chongqing Regulations on the Compensation and Resettlement for Land Acquisition (passed by the 29th Chongqing Government routine session in October 1994, and coming into force from December 1, 1994).

8. The Chongqing Regulations on the Housing Resettlement for non-agricultural people changed from agricultural people due to land acquisition (coming into force from July 15, 1995).

9. The Notice of Chongqing Calculating Standards of resettlement fees for non- agricultural people changed from agricultural people due to land acquisition (coming into force from July 1 5, 1995).

10. The Chongqing Regulations on the Compensation for the Standing Crops and Attachments due to Land Acquisition (coming into force from September 1 5, 1995).

11. (Fuling area). The Fuling Civil Planning District Regulations on the Compensation and Resettlement for Land Acquisition (passed by the 16th Fuling government routine session in August 1997, and coming into force from September 1997).

12. (Wanzhou area). The Wanzhou City Unified Regulations on the Land Acquisition (coming into force from March 19, 1996).

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7. INSTITUTIONALARRANGEMENTS 7.1 GENERALFRAMEWORK

Several institutions have been set up to achieve the resettlement programme. All resettlement arrangements were made in Chongqing, Fuling, Wanzhou and Nan Bin betweenJuly 1998 and April 1 999 (cf. chapter 10 and appendix V).

At the general level of the whole CUEP,a Resettlement Leading Group and one Resettlement Office (hereinafter called PROor Project Resettlement Office) have been set up.

At the specific level of each component, the following organisations have been set up:

- One Resettlement Leading Group and one Resettlement Office at the component level.

- One Resettlement Company for each component in Chongqing (CQWWMPand CQMSWP).

- For each component, Resettlement Offices at the i) Districts (Qiaonan Economic and Technology Development Area in Fuling)) and ii) Townships levels.

Other organisations belonging to municipal and local administrations as well as enterprises and consulting bodies are concerned with land acquisition/resettlement preparation and implementation. They participated in the resettlement plan, will be involved in its implementation phases and are therefore represented in organisations described hereinafter. They are listed in appendix Ill.

7.2 INSTITUTIONALARRANGEMENT AT THE GENERALLEVEL OF CUEP

7.2.1 RESETTLEMENTLEADING GROUPOF THE CUEP

The Resettlement Leading Group of the CUEPis composed of the relevant leaders from the Chongqing Planning Committee, the Chongqing Construction Committee, the Chongqing Municipal Management Bureau, the Chongqing Planning Bureau, the Chongqing House and Land Administration Bureau, the Chongqing Municipal Management Office of the World Bank's Capital Utilisation (PMO), the Chongqing/Fuling World Bank Loan Project Management Office, the Chongqing/Wanzhou World Bank Loan Project Management Office, the

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Chongqing/Qianjiang World Bank Loan Project Management Office. A leader of the Chongqing Construction Committee is the head of the Resettlement Leading Group for CUEP.

The functions of the Resettlement Leading Group of the CUEPare:

A. To take important political decisions regarding land acquisition and resettlement preparation, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation related to the CUEP in accordance with World Bank's requirements on resettlement;

B. i) To play a co-ordinating role for agencies concerned with land acquisition and resettlement preparation, planning, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation for CUEPand ii) to guide their work;

C. To review and to discuss internal monitoring reports submitted by the PRO;

D. To review and to discuss independent reports submitted by concerned implementation agencies and relevant departments

7.2.2 THE RESETTLEMENTOFFICE OF THE CUEP(PRO)

The PROis composed of the specialised staff in charge of the land acquisition and resettlement from the Chongqing Planning Committee, the Chongqing Construction Committee, the Chongqing Municipal Management Bureau, the Chongqing Planning Bureau, the Chongqing House and Land Administration Bureau, the Chongqing Municipal Management Office of the World Bank's Capital Utilisation (PMO), the Chongqing Drainage Co., Ltd., the Chongqing Solid Waste Treatment Co., Ltd., the Chongqing Road & Bridge Construction Co., Ltd., the Chongqing/Fuling World Bank Loan Project Management Office, the Chongqing/Wanzhou World Bank Loan Project Management Office, the Chongqing/Qianjiang World Bank Loan Project Management Office. A leader of the Chongqing Municipal Management Office of the World Bank's Capital Utilisation (PMO)is the head of the PRO.

The functions of the PROare:

A. To organise i) the census and socio-economic surveys related to the affected people and assets and ii) the preparation of the RAPof the CUEPfollowing World Bank's requirements on resettlement;

B. To train the staff of the resettlement offices of the different components;

C. To organise the implementation of the land acquisition and resettlement in accordance with the RAPapproved by the World Bank;

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D. To undertake internal monitoring works regarding the implementationof the resettlementcaused by the CUEP; E. To suggest solutions aiming to solve problems identified by internal monitoring during the implementationof the RAP; F. To regularly report to the ResettlementLeading Group of the CUEPconcerning advancementof the work, problems raised and remedial measures to be considered.

7.3 INSTITUTIONALARRANGEMENT AT COMPONENTS'LEVEL Nota: Details regarding institutional arrangementrelated to each componentcan be found in volumes 11to VI. The terms of 'Chongqing Municipal Drainage ManagementComponent' and 'Chongqing Municipal Solid Waste Management Component'are sometimesused in chapter 8 of volumes 11and III as equivalent of, respectively,CQWWMP and CQMSWP.

7.3.1 WASTEWATER AND SOLIDWASTE COMPONENTS IN CHONGQINGCITY

7.3.1.1 LEADINGGROUPS

In Chongqing,a ResettlementLeading Group has been set up for eachof the two components:

- The ResettlementLeading Group of the CQWWMPis composedof the relevant leadersfrom the Chongqing Municipal ManagementBureau, the Nan'an District Government,the Chongqing DrainageCo., Ltd., the Chongqing Road & Bridge Co. A leader of the Chongqing Municipal ManagementBureau is the head of the ComponentResettlement Leading Group. - The ResettlementLeading Group of the CQMSWPis composedof the relevant leadersfrom the Chongqing Municipal ManagementBureau, the Nan'an District Government,the Chongqing Solid WasteManagement Co., Ltd., the Chongqing Road& Bridge Co. A leader of the Chongqing Municipal ManagementBureau is the head of the ComponentResettlement Leading Group. Responsibilitiesof the two LeadingGroups are identical: A. To take important policy decisionsregarding land acquisitionand resettlement preparation, planning, implementation, and monitoring/evaluation for the componentin accordancewith World Bank'srequirements on resettlement;

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B. i) To play a co-ordinating role for agencies concerned by the land acquisition and resettlement preparation, planning, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation for the component and ii) to guide their work;

C. To review and to discuss internal monitoring reports submitted by their respective PRO.

D. To review and to discuss independent reports submitted by concerned implementation agenciesand relevant departments.

7.3.1.2 RESETTLEMENTOFFICES

In Chongqing a Resettlement Office has been set for each component.

The Resettlement Office of the CQWWMP is composed of the specialised personnel in charge of the land acquisition and resettlement from the Chongqing Municipal Management Bureau, the House & Land Administration Department, and the Township government/Sub-District offices - of the Jiangbei District, Shapingba District, Yuzhong District, Jiulongpo District and Nan'an District Government - the Chongqing Drainage Co., Ltd., the Chongqing Road & Bridge Construction Co., Ltd. Leaders of the Chongqing Road & Bridge Co., Ltd., and the affected areas head the Resettlement Office of the CQWWMP.

The Resettlement Office of the CQMSWPis composed of the specialised personnel in charge of the land acquisition and resettlement from the Chongqing MunicipaL Management Bureau, the House & Land Administration Department, and the Townships Government/Sub-District offices of the Nan'an District Government, the Chongqing Solid Waste Management Co., Ltd., the Chongqing Road & Bridge Construction Co., Ltd.. Leaders of the Chongqing Road & Bridge Construction Co., Ltd., and the affected areas head the Resettlement Office of the CQMSWP.

Responsibilities of the two Resettlement Offices are identical:

- To organise i) the census and the socio-economic survey of affected people and assets and ii) to prepare the RAPof each component following World Bank's requirements on resettlement;

- To train the staff of the subordinated resettlement offices;

- To organise the implementation of land acquisition and resettlement related to concerned component in accordance with the RAPapproved by the World Bank;

- To undeirtake internal monitoring activities on resettlement implementation.

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- To suggest solutions for solving problems identified by internal monitoring agencies and during the implementation of the RAP;

- To regularly report to each component's Resettlement Leading Group concerning the advancement of the work, problems faced and remedial measures to be considered.

7.3.1.3 RESETTLEMENTCOMPANIES

One resettlement company has been set up for each component of the CUEPin Chongqing.

The Resettlement Company of the CQWWMPis composed of the specialised personnel in charge of the land acquisition and resettlement from the Chongqing Road & Bridge Construction Co., Ltd., from the Office, the Operation & Planning Dept., the Engineering Dept., the Resettlement Dept., and the Finance Dept. A leader of the Chongqing Road & Bridge Construction Co., Ltd., heads the Resettlement Company of the CQWWMP.

The Resettlement Company of the CQMSWPis composed of the specialised personnel in charge of the land acquisition and resettlement from the Chongqing Road & Bridge Co., Ltd., from the Office, the Operation & Planning Dept., the Engineering Dept., Resettlement Dept., and the Finance Dept. A leader of the Chongqing Road & Bridge Co., Ltd., heads the Resettlement Company of CQMSWP.

Responsibilities of the two Resettlement Companies are identical:

- To conduct the census and the socio-economic survey of the affected people and assets and the preparation of the RAP regarding each component in Chongqing city following World Bank's requirements on resettlement;

- To train the staff of every department concerned;

- To conduct the implementation regarding land acquisition and resettlement in accordance with the RAPapproved by the World Bank;

- To sign the resettlement contracts with Districts' resettlement offices and other agencies concerned;

- To pay funds for the land acquisition and resettlement on time;

- To regularly report to the Resettlement Leading Group of the concerned component about work progress, problems faced and remedial measures.

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7.3.1.4 DISTRICTSAND TOWNSHIPSLEVELS

Land acquisition and resettlement led by two components in Chongqing city imply the decisive involvement of 5 Districts and 24 Townships/Sub-Districts. A resettlement office has been set within each of these governmental bodies.

Each resettlement office is composed of specialised personnel in charge of land acquisition and resettlement belonging to the concerned District/Township/sub- District Government: i) As regards Districts from the government and its Departments of Construction, Planning and House & Land Administration in affected areas ii) As regards Townships and Sub-Districts from the Township Government/Sub-District office and Land Administration Department.

District Resettlement Offices:

- Co-operate- with the relevant agencies in conducting the census and surveys;

- Train the staff of the subsidiary resettlement office (townships/sub-Districts);

- Implement the RAP;

- Receive resettlement funds from the Resettlement Company of the component and allocate these funds to subsidiary resettlement offices (Township/Sub- Districts) according to established procedures;

- Guide and supervise land acquisition and resettlement work in relevant townships and villages;

Report to the Resettlement Company of the component on work advancement, problems faced and remedial measures regularly.

Township/sub-District Resettlement Offices

- Co-operate with the relevant agencies to conduct census and surveys;

- Train the staff of the subsidiary resettlement office;

- Assigned by the District Resettlement Office, carry out land acquisition and resettlement within their respective jurisdiction;

- Receive the resettlement funds from the District Resettlement Office and allocate them to the collectives or PAPsaccording to the working procedures;

- Examine and record all resettlement activities within their jurisdictions;

- Regularly report to the District Resettlement Office on work advancement, problems faced and remedial measures.

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7.3.2 COMPONENTSIN FULING, WANZHOU, AND NAN BIN

7.3.2.1 COMPONENTS'LEADING GROUPS IN FULING,WANZHOU, AND NAN BIN

The Leading Group for resettlement in these areas are composed as following.

In Fuling (FUWSP),the Leading Group is composed of the relevant leaders from the Fuling District Planning Bureau, the Fuling District Construction Bureau, the Administrative Committee of the Qiaonan Economy and Technology Developing Area, the Fuling District State Land Bureau, and the Fuling District Piped Water Co., Ltd. etc. A leader of the Fuling District Government is the head of the Resettlement Leading Group of the FUWSP.

In Fuling (FUWWP),it is composed of the relevant leaders from the Fuling District Planning Bureau, the Fuling District Construction Bureau, the Fuling District State Land Bureau, and the Fuling District Drainage Co., Ltd. etc. A leader of the Fuling District Government is the head of the Component Resettlement Leading Group.

In Wanzhou (WAWSP),the leading Group is composed of the relevant leaders from the Wanzhou District Planning Committee, the Wanzhou District Construction Committee, the Wanzhou District State Land Bureau, the Chongqing Wanzhou World Bank Loan Project Management Office, the Wanzhou Unified Land Acquisition Office, and the Wanzhou District Piped Water Co., Ltd. etc. A leader of the Wanzhou District Government is the head of the Resettlement Leading Group of the WAWSP.

In Nan Bin (NAWSP) It is composed of the relevant leaders from the Shi Zhu District Planning.Committee, the Shi Zhu District Construction Committee, the Shi Zhu County World Bank Loan Project Management Office , the Shi Zhu County State Land Bureau, and the Shi Zhu County Piped Water Co., Ltd. etc. A leader of the Shi Zhu County Government is the head of the Component Resettlement Leading Group of the NAWSP.

Their respective responsibilities are the same than those described above concerning Leading Groups set up in Chongqing (cf. point 8.2.1.).

7.3.2.2 COMPONENTS'RESETTLEMENT OFFICES IN FULING,WANZHOU AND NANBIN

The concerned Resettlement Offices are composed as following.

In Fuling (FUWSP),the component's Resettlement Office is composed of the specialised personnel in charge of the land acquisition and resettlement from the Fuling District Planning Committee, the Fuling District Construction Bureau, the Administrative Committee of the Qiaonan Economy and Technology Developing Area, the Fuling District State Land Bureau, and the Fuling District Piped Water

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Co., Ltd. etc. The leader of the Fuling District Planning Committee heads the Resettlement Office of the FUWSP.

In Fuling (FUWWP),the component's Resettlement Office is composed of the specialised personnel in charge of the land acquisition and resettlement from the Fuling District Planning Bureau, the Fuling District Construction Bureau, the Fuling District State Land Bureau, and the Fuling District Drainage Co., Ltd. etc. The leader of the Fuling District Planning Bureau is the head of the Component Resettlement Office.

In Wanzhou (WAWSP),the Component's Resettlement Office is composed of the specialised personnel in charge of the land acquisition and resettlement from the Wanzhou District Planning Committee, the Wanzhou District Construction Committee, the Wanzhou District State Land Bureau, the Chongqing Wanzhou World Bank Loan Project Management Office, the Wanzhou Unified Land Acquisition Office, and the Wanzhou District Piped Water Co., Ltd. etc. The leader of the Wanzhou District Planning Committee heads the Resettlement Office of the WAWSP.

In Nan Bin (NAWSP),the component's Resettlement Office is composed of the specialisedlpersonnel in charge of the land acquisition and resettlement from the Shi Zhu District Planning Committee, the Shi Zhu County Construction Committee, the Shi Zhu District World Bank Loan Project Management Office , the Shi Zhu District State Land Bureau, and the Shi Zhu District Piped Water Co., Ltd. etc. The leader of the Shi Zhu District World Bank Loan Project Management Office heads the Resettlement Office of the NAWSP.

Responsibilities of each component's RO in Fuling, Wanzhou and Nan Bin are nearly the same as those assumed by ROs in Chongqing city and described in 8.3.1.2. (for a comprehensive description, please refer to chapter 8 of volumes 11 to VI). In addition to these responsibilities resettlement offices in Fuling, Wanzhou and Nan Bin will

- Conclude land acquisition and resettlement contracts with the i) Qiaonan Developing Area (Fuling), ii) Longbao Township and other relevant institutions (Wanzhou), iii) Suangqing Township and other relevant institutions (Nan Bin).

- Pay every fund related to the land acquisition and resettlement.

7.3.2.3 THE RESETTLEMENTOFFICES AT THE LEVELOF THE AFFECTEDAREAS

Local organisations involved in the components are the Qiaonan Economical and Technological Development Area (Fuling District), Longbao Township (Wanzhou) and Shuangqing Township (Nan Bin, Shi Zhu District). Each of them has set one resettlement office.

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In Fuling (FUWSP),the R.O. of Qiaonan Economic and Technological DevelopmentArea is composed of the specialisedpersonnel in charge of the land acquisition and resettlement from the Administrative Committee of the Qiaonan Economy and Technology Developing Area including Construction, Planning, State Land, and ResettlementDept. A leader of the Administrative Committeeof the QiaonanEconomy and TechnologyDeveloping Area headsthe ResettlementOffice of the DevelopmentArea. In Wanzhou (WAWSP),the Longbao Township R.O. is composed of the specialisedpersonnel in chargeof the land acquisitionand resettlementfrom the LongbaoTownship Government including Construction,Planning, State land, and ResettlementDept. A leaderof the LongbaoTownship Government is the head of the TownshipResettlement Office. In Nan Bin (NAWSP),the R. 0. of ShuangqingTownship is composed of the specialisedpersonnel in chargeof the land acquisitionand resettlementfrom the ShuangqingTownship Government including Construction,Planning, State Land, and ResettlementDept. A leaderof the ShuangqingTownship Government is the head of the ResettlementOffice of the Township. Responsibilitiesof these R. 0. in Fuling,Wanzhou and NanBin are identical:

- To co-operate with the relevant agencies in conducting the census and surveys; - To trains the staff of the resettlementoffice;

- To implement the RAP; - To receive the resettlement funds from the ResettlementCompany of the componentand to allocate them to affected collectivesor individuals according to the working procedures; - To guide and supervisethe land acquisition and resettlementadvancement in relevanttownship and villages; - To examine into details and to record the implementation of the land acquisitionand resettlementwork within their respectivejurisdiction. - To regularly report to the ResettlementOffice of the component about the advancementof the work, problemsfaced and remedial measures. 7.4 TRAININGAND DEVELOPMENTOF THE RESETTLEMENTSTAFF Staff of all agenciesconcerned will be trained for specific needs regarding land acquisition and resettlement. These agencies are the Resettlement Leading Groupsat the levels of i) the whole CUEPand ii) the six components;ROs at the components,Districts and Townships levels, villagers and residents (for the list

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of concernedagencies, refer to chapter 8 of volumes 11to VIl). Trainers will be the resettlement consultants recognised by the World Bank, and will have received"Resettlement and Rehabilitation"training from the Bank.Training will take place on each component'ssite (Chongqing, Fuling, Wanzhou, Nan Bin), including placeswhere the resettlementwill be carried out. Among items to be consideredin training coursesare:

- Specific provision of the RAP; - Skills of the implementationand managementof the resettlement; - Methodsfor data and other informationcollection;

7.5 ORGANISATIONAL CHARTS Organisationalcharts for eachcomponent of the project are inserted in appendix Ill. In the cases of Fuling, Wanzhou and Nan Bin, these charts depict the institutional arrangementsmade at the specificlevel of eachcomponent.

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8. GENERALENTITLEMENT MATRIX

8.1 THE RESEtTLEMENTENTITLEMENT POLICY

Entitlement policies related to each component composing the CUEPwill be submitted to the same four basic principles. Entitlement matrices for all components can be found in Volumes II to VIl of the RAP.

1. All affected assets will be compensated at their full replacement cost without any deduction for depreciation;

2. Compensation payments will be made before the acquisition of land and assets;

3. Compensation rates were negotiated with the governments of the affected areas and the representatives of the PAPs;

4. All affected persons who loose assets occupied by them before the project cut-off date will be assisted in their efforts to restore their standards of living without discrimination on the basis of their tenure status. 8.2 THE COMPENSATIONRATES

They are defined according to the relevant laws and regulations, with reference to the actual conditions of the Project, and through a process of negotiation between local governments and representatives of PAPs.These negotiations were organised:

- from October to December 1998, in Chongqing City (WWMPand LDP)

- from 09/98 to 01/99 in Fuling, Wanzhou, and Nan Bin.

Compensation rates per component are listed in tables of appendix 11. Compensation rates to be paid for affected land, structures land other assets will not be inferior to rates described in the tables listed in appendix II. They will be adjusted by the actual inflation rate:

- from December 1998 to the time when the compensation is actually paid in Chongqing city (WWMPand LDP)

- from January 1998 to the time when the compensation is actually paid in Fuling, Wanzhou and Nan Bin.

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A comparisonof compensationrates for each of the componentsis provided in Table 8.1 below. Details of these rates together with their justification are provided in VolumesII to VIl of the RAP.

Table 8.1: Comparisonof selected compensationrates for each component. Item Unit CQWW CQSW FUWS FUWW WAWS NAWS Irrigated land RMB/mu 47900 44400 na na 21000 15333 Dry Land RMB/mu 46100 43800 na na 19000 12333 Orchard RMB/mu 48800 46200 na na na ResettlementSubsidy RMB/person 21120 22050 na na na Brick concrete house RMB/sq m 200 na 220 220 160 na Brick timber house RMB/sq m 160 160 150 150 140 na Timber tile house RMB/sq m 120 120 130 130 120 na Fruit trees RMB/unit 80 80 30 30 28 28 Tombs RMB/unit 300 300 250 250 80 180 Household moving allowance RMB/HH 400 400 300 300 200 na Household transition RMB/HHper month 100 100 50 50 30 na allowance Unit moving allowance RMB/sq m 20 na na 5 na na Unit transition allowance RMB/sq m month* 12.5 na na 5 na na Average salary subsidy RMB/personyear 7500 na na na na na

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9. RESETTLEMENTMEASURES

9.1 JOBSCREATION The affectedagricultural personsdue to the land acquisition of the CQMSWPwill be resettledinto non-agriculturalactivities.

9.1 .1 ABSORBINGLABOR Due to their differencesof scalebetween the componentsin terms of impacts, two case should be considered:the two componentsin Chongqing on the one hand and the componentsin Fuling,Wanzhou and Nan Bin on the other hand.

3 In Chongqing Peoplewhose current job is affected by the two componentscan be proposed jobs in or can decide to find a new one by themselves.Proposals for creation of new employmentwill be based on programs for absorbing labour totalling 11 jobs, as indicatedin table 10.1.

Table 9.1: The programs of absorbing labor in Chongqing Unit of absorbing labour labourers to be absorbed remarks Tanjiatuo WWTP, 9 Two plants will be SOEs; Jiguanshi WWTP proposed monthly salary .______jof __ _ _ 500 RMB total CQWWMP 9 Changshengqiao Landfill 2 Landfill will be SOEs; proposed monthly salary ______I ~~of500 RMB total CQMSWP 2 of 500 RMB

* In Fuling,Wanzhou and Nan Bin, modalities for the creation of jobs will be identical. Becauseof the small influence of land acquisition of the componentson the local average cultivated land per person, the cultivated land belonging to every affected administrative villages will be readjusted to resettle the affected agricultural persons. The affected administrativevillage will redistribute their cultivated land to the eligible villagers on an equal basis. The land compensationand resettlementsubsidy to the affected administrative villages will only be used to develop the collective econorny and will not be applied to any other use. According to the characteristicsof the affected area of the component,the funds will be applied to:

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1. Increase agricultural income from the remaining cultivated land by improving the irrigation facilities, seeds, and the planting modes, etc.;

2. Develop investments regarding water, electricity, road, forestry, and grass in Fuling;

3. Open up wasteland and exploit agriculture production potentialities in the non-cultivated and low-yield land;

4. Develop the second and third industries related to agriculture so as to improve the production ability of the affected administrative villages.

The application of the funds will be observed and monitored during the implementation.

9.1.2 SELFRESETTLEMENT IN FINDINGJOBS

Those who possess specific skills may also seek jobs by themselves. Approved by their families and having notified, they will receive RMB 17,500 per person. Information and training shall be timely provided for those who seek jobs by themselves.

9.2 HOUSINGRESETTLEMENT

Housing resettlement in Chongqing comprises a resettlement housing program covering the two WWTWsites (Tangjiatuo and Jiguanshi) and the landfill site (Taohuadian, Shatang,Xin Tang).

9.2.1 CQWWMP

All displaced people will move to resettlement areas. All the affected residents of the interceptors/collectors will be resettled in the vicinity of their original living place.

Tangjiatuo Resettlement Area

Tangjiatuo Resettlement Area, is located in Tangjiatuo Township, Jiangbei District and covers 162.5 mu of land. It can settle 500 households, 1500 people, far more than the number of people affected by the Tangjiatuo WWTP.

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The resettlement area makes use of the drop in level of the terrain, through building bar-style residences mainly, to form a pleasingly asymmetrical combination of space. A high productivity agricultural area is located along the Liangcha River and Xiangshui Channel, and an agricultural products processing area is built nearby. The planned Wutang Road and the trunk road connecting the National Highway 319 cross the area are the commercial main road, and the Wutang Road Turntable is the commercial centre. A school, nursery and hospital are located next to the orchard of the Liangcha River, as well as the cultural amenities chiefly including cinema, restaurants, square centre and the Taipingchong Park.

Jiguanshi Resettlement Area

Jiguanshi Resettlement Area, which is located in the Jiguanshi Township, Nan'an District], covers 172.3 mu of land. The area can settle 600 households and 1800 people.

The resettlement area makes use of the drop in level of the terrain, through building bar-style residences mainly, to form a pleasingly asymmetrical combination of space. A high productivity agricultural area is located along the lake, and an agricultural products processing area is built nearby. In the area, the Jitan Road is the commercial main road, and the Township Government Turntable is the commercial centre. A school and nursery are located next to the Riverside Park, which is taken as the key point to built cultural amenities chiefly including the cinema, water amusement park.

Housing resettlement of other affected people

All the residents affected by the interceptors/collectors sub-component, in accordance with the principal of "voluntariness", can choose between one of two options:

* To receive a cash resettlement compensation calculated at the replacement price of their original residence. This enables the PAPs buy their new residences themselves. * Houses built in the vicinity of their former house. All affected residents will be resettled near their original houses and will be consulted about the new proposed housing sites. The PAPs will receive house compensations at replacement cost, moving allowances and transition allowances. Salvageable materials from the PAPs' old houses will remain their property.

9.2.2 CQMSWP

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TaohuadianResettlement Area, which is located to east of the Changshengqiao Township Governmentand covers 100 mu of land, is divided into two by a stream.The resettlementarea can hold 300 households,1 00 people. The resettlement area is located along the stream: the eastern part is the resident area, the western part is the commercialarea, the northern one is the waste water managementarea, and the southern one is the industrial area. The whole area taking the county fair as the centre, in accordancewith the terrain, forms a resettlementarea with completefacilities and convenienttraffic.

9.2.3 FUWWP

For the urban householdsto be relocated, about 230 households are to be relocatedto the ShunjiangResettlement Area and about 40 householdsto the DongjiawanResettlement Area accordingto the affected households'options. The Shunjiang ResettlementArea, which is located at the main city zone of Fuling, connectsthe SanhuanRoad in the north and links to the SihuanRoad, the city principal road, in the south. Furthermore,because there is a transmeridional principal road which reaches20 meters in width in the resettlement area, a transportation net which extends in all directions is formed. The housing types of the Slhunjiang ResettlementArea are so various, including the housing structuresfrom two chambersand one parlor to four chambersand two parlors and floor space from 72 sq.m to 160 sq.m, so that they can meet different demolished HHs' requirements.The ResettlementArea possessesthe nursery, school, hospital, bank, post office, food market, synthetical emporium, swimminc pool, tennis court and so on. There is still some spacereserved in the ResettlementArea for relocationof pint-size units and enterprises.It is an urban area integrating trade, residenceand light industry. The DongjiawanResettlement Area, which is located at the main city zone of Fuling, starts from the ShiyanRoad in the east, ends at the Sihuan Roadin the south, closesto the Jiansh.eRoad in the north and connectsthe HongguangArea of the QiaonanDevelopment Area in the west. The ResettlementArea currently possesses1 000 mu of land for developmentand 10000 sq.m of built residences, and the infrastructures of the ResettlementArea are being improved. After the ResettlementArea is all constructed,the total land occupation amount can reach 1.1 sq.km which can hold about 12000 residents.It will becomean urban area, which possessescomplete establishments and integrates the functions of administration, habitation, businessand service,community service and so on.

9.2.4 HOUSINGRESETITLEMENT IN FULING AND WANZHOU

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There is no housing resettlementin Nan Bin. As regards FulingWater Supplyand Wanzhou,all the affected residentswill be resettled in the original villages and will be consultedregarding new housing sites and compensationrates. The PAPs will receivethe house compensationat replacementcost, and moving subsidies and transition subsidies.In addition salvageablematerials from their old houses will also belong to the PAPs.

9.3 RESEtTLEMENTOF THE AFFECTEDUNITS AND INFRASTRUCTURES

9.3.1 WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT IN CHONGQING

According to the impact category,the affected units and enterprisesare divided into two types: i) units and enterpriseswhich are only partially affected and do not need to be relocated;ii) those needingto be relocated. The demolishedstructures of the units and enterprisesaffected partially are the auxiliary houses(buildings), simple houses (buildings) and enclosingwalls, etc.. Therefore, they don't need relocation and will not suffer from interruptions in their operations. Their structures will be compensated according to the replacementvalue. No depreciationwill apply to the calculationof the amount of compensation.Last, the value of the old materialswhich can still be usedwill not be deducedfrom the total amount compensation. Measuresof compensationand resettlementfor the units and enterpriseswhich need to be relocatedare describedas follows: 1. Suitable alternative land at least of a similar size to their original one will be provided to the affected units and enterprises.To ensure sufficient time for their restoration, affected units and enterprises will be consulted about the transitional period. Sufficient time will be planned and left for their reconstruction.The reconstruction will be planned to be completed at least 3 months before initiation of the civil constructionof the sub-component.

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2. Their affected assets will be compensated at their replacement cost. No depreciation will apply to the calculation of the amount of compensation. Also, the value of the old materials which can still be used will not be cut from the total amount compensation.

3. Compensation will be paid for all the transport expenses of machinery and equipment. Compensation will also be provided for removing and reconstructing the machinery and equipment.

4. Compensation will be paid to affected units and enterprises for their losses of net market profits for the period when production is stopped. The total amount of compensation for production interruption will be calculated by daily net income (taken from their annual accounting records) multiplied by the actual days of production interruption.

5. Subsidies will be paid to the staff of the affected units and enterprises for their losses for the period when production is stopped. The staff will receive monthly subsidies equivalent to their average salaries.

The affected infrastructures will be reconstructed and rehabilitated before the start of land acquisition.

9.3.2 WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT PROJECT IN FULING

For the units possessing structures it is planned to provide them with resettlement houses for business in the resettlement areas so that they can restore the original function of business and service to the community and meanwhile they can get development together with further improvement of the area.

For the small-size units and enterprises excluding the stores, which demand for new relocation sites provision and can build houses by themselves, they will be provided with space in the resettlement for building houses by themselves and restoring business. For the large-scale units and enterprises excluding the stores, enough compensation fee will be paid according to their requirements so that they can build houses on their own space. Their structures will be compensated according to the replacement value. No depreciation will apply to the calculation of the amount of compensation. Also, the value of the old materials which can still be used will not be included in the total amount compensation.

For the units and enterprises which rent houses, they can keep the original rental relationship with the landlords or they can rent the business spots in the bazaar to continue their business in accordance with their wishes.

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All the affected vendors serve the community and do their business outdoors. They will be arranged on both sides of the street which is not affected and adjacent to the original spots, or arranged in the business district in the resettlement areas to continue their business.

9.3.3 OTHER COMPONENTSIN CHONGQING (CQMSWP),FULING (WSMP), WANZHOU AND NAN BIN

There are no units and enterprises affected by the other components. All demolished infrastructures will be compensated according to their replacement value. Moreover, the value of the old materials which can still be used will not be cut from the total amount of compensations. The affected infrastructures will be reconstructed and rehabilitated before the land acquisition takes place.

9.4 RESEtTLEMENTOF THE VULNERABLEGROUPS

The vulnerable groups include the poor households, those having the disabled members, headed by women, households where the aged live alone and those having the ethnic minority members. The specific eligibility criteria for the vulnerable groups are defined as follows.

Table 9.2: Eligibility criteria for the vulnerable groups (CUEP householdcategory criteria 1 belowthe following averagemonthly low incomepeople incomeper person:Rmbl 00 (Chongqing),Rmb95 (Fuling), Rmb9O (Wanzhou),Rmb8O (Nan Bin) 2 disabledpeople the householdshaving the disabled members 3 women the householdsheaded by women 4 agedpeople the householdswhere the agedabove 70 live alone 5 ethnic minorities the householdshaving the ethnic minority members

Vulnerable groups were described in section 6.1.9. above. For all components of the CUEPthe following measures will be taken to ensure the rehabilitation of the living standards of these groups after resettlement:

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1. To make every organisational and financial effort at the administrative village levels in hielping and supporting the vulnerable groups in building their new houses and relocating their households;

2. To give priority to the reasonable demands of the vulnerable groups, such as expressing preferential choice for the new housing sites;

3. To make the specific compensation payment to the vulnerable groups.

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10. COMMUNITYCONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION EXERCISES The active participationof the public as part of the project preparation process, is a requirement of both SEPA(Item 234 of AnnouncementOf ReinforceThe EnvironmentImpact AssessmentManagement Of The Construct Project Loaned ByThe international FinancialOrganisation (1 993)), and the World Bank. This chapter providesa summaryof the Public Participationexercises conducted as part of CUEP 10.1 PURPOSEAND METHODOF PUBLICPARTICIPATION

10.1 .1 PURPOSEOF PUBLICPARTICIPATION

The purpose of public participation, which is regarded as a bi-directional communicationbetween the project and public, is to get full approbationfor the project from the public, and improve its environmentaland economic benefits, and put emphasison the relation and communicationwith the public.

10.1.2 METHODOF PUBLICPARTICIPATION The public participationof this project adopts three forms: bulletin in the press, public opinion questionnaireand surveyof the public.

* Bulletinsin the press: The governmentof ChongqingCity has published bulletins in the Chongqing Dailyand Chongqing Evening Paper, which containedthe pollution situation of Chongqing,the dischargeof the main pollutants, the state of water supply and demand.It also publicisedthe loan amount, the generalsituation of this project, the control goal of the environmentand the main measuresof the pollutants.

* The Willingnessto PaySurveys : Thesesurveys were carried out at an early stageof project preparationto assessthe overallacceptability of the projects to the peopleof Chongqingin the light of increasedtariffs. Basicdata concerning socio-economicand sanitaryconditions were also collected. A short summaryof these surveysis provided below. For further information the reader is referred to two detailedreports concerningthese surveysand the StrategicPlanning Report.

* PublicOpinion Questionnaire(poll) : The poll was carried out separatelyin YuzhongDistrict, JiangbeiDistrict, NananDistrict, ShapingbaDistrict, DadukouDistrict, JiulongpoDistrict, BananDistrict, Qianjiang,Fuling,

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Wangzhou and Shizhou which are the influenced districts. The questionnaire obtained the written opinions on the project of the individuals.

* Survey of the public: The survey invited many delegates of the people's conference of China, commissaries of the political conference of China, delegates of business association, teachers, workers and farmers of the area, whose opinions were considered and whose inquiries were answered.

* Survey of the Projected Affected People: These surveys are being carried out as part of the Resettlement Action Plan. The results of these surveys are detailecl in Chapter 5 and below.

10.2 SUMMARYRESULTS OF PUBLICPARTICIPATIONS

Details of the public participation exercises are included in Chapters 5 of each individual RAP(Volumes 11to VIl).

The following table summarises the major views of the PAPsof Chongqing Solid Waste and Wastewater components supporting the proposals made in Chapter 9 concerning resettlement and rehabilitation.

Table 10.1: Summary of PAPsviews on Resettlement Options General Views Labour Rehabilitation Housing Rehabilitation Component/ Sample Support Support Cash Provided Un- Cash Provide Un- Element size the resettle- Compen with decided Compen New decided compon ment sation jobs sation Homes ent CQSW All 100% 99.55% 95.78% 0.65% 3.57% 36.28% 63.72% CQWW All 100% 99.70% 99.12% 0.88% 0% 18.04% 81.96% WWTPs _ . CQWW 18.80% 98.87% 96.62% 89.63% 10.37% Interceptors_ CQWW All 100% 97.60% 2.29% 72.71% 25% Pretreatment sites _

10.3 FUTURECONSULTATIONS AND PARTICIPATION

All RAP related to components of CUEP have been prepared with the active participation of the PAPs.The consultation and participation process will follow a identical general frame for all components of CUEP,although slight differences

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due to differences in their respective impacts (cf. below). The participation started with the dissemination among PAPs of the resettlement information concerning each component. As early as enabled by engineering feasibility studies and the preliminary design, alignment schemes were decided through the solicitation of the PAPs' opinions.

In Chongqing, Fuling, Wanzhou and Nan Bin it is planned to organise meetings to disseminate more detailed information to PAPs after the Construction Land Use Certificate is obtained, i.e. from September 1999 (cf. previous chapter).

During the course of the preparation of the RAP, the PAPs participated in the following activities:

1. Components' impacts on people and assets resulted from census. The local governments and representatives of the PAPs participated in these censuses.

2. Socio-economic surveys have been carried out with the participation of PAPs and representatives of the affected areas.

3. In the course of designing i) the entitlement policies and compensation rates, ii) and implementation program, the PAPs' suggestions and options were fully considered.

During the course of implementing and monitoring land acquisition and resettlement, the PAPs and their representatives will participate in the following activities.

In Chongqing (CQWWMPand CQMSWP)

- Affected people/workers have the choice to accept a job provided in designated units or enterprises or to choose to seek jobs by themselves (cf. Implementation arrangement, chapter 1 1).

- Affected residents will construct their new houses according to their own building plans.

- Affected units and enterprises to be relocated due to the component will be consulted as regards the selection of their new site and definition of transitional periods.

- Should the PAPs be dissatisfied with compensations allocated, they can voice their grievance (cf. chapter 11).

- The PAPs can find out about entitlement policies and about implementation progress by obtaining relevant information from concerned organisations (cf. chapter 8: institutional arrangements).

6. PAPs can raise their opinions and suggestions on the resettlement to the agencies concerned (cf. chapter 8: Institutional arrangements).

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In Fuling, Wanzhou and Nan Bin

- Displaced people can choose a proper housing resettlement plan (Fuling, Wanzhou).

- If the PAPsare dissatisfied with the compensation provided, they can voice their grievance (Fuling, Wanzhou, Nan Bin)

- The PAPscan find out about the entitlement policies and about implementation progress and get relevant information from organisations concerned (Fuling, Wanzhou, Nan Bin, cf. Institutional arrangements).

- PAPs can express their opinions and suggestions on resettlement to responsible agencies (Fuling, Wanzhou, Nan Bin, cf. Chapter 8: Institutional arrangements).

In the framework of all components of CUEP,after the implementation of land acquisition and resettlement, PAPsand their representatives will participate in the following activities:

1. PAPs can make suggestions related to improvement of facilities and infrastructures in their communities so as to facilitate their integration and to harmonise with their new environment as soon as possible.

2. The PAPswill participate in the socio-economic impact survey carried out by. the independent monitoring and evaluation, institute, and let know their satisfaction degree on various aspects of resettlement and on problems they face regarding the rehabilitation of their living standards so that agencies concerned can do their best to solve various difficulties reported. 10.4 RESETTLEMENTINFORMATION BOOKLETS (RIBS)

To ensure that PAPsand affected areas' authorities fully understand details of the resettlement program, and are informed about compensation and rehabilitation packages applicable to the Project, Resettlement Information Booklets (RIBs) related to each component will be distributed in affected areas as soon as the project is approved by each planning authorities. RIBswill contain two parts:

Part I The basic features of the RAP

A. Brief description of the project components requiring land acquisition;

B. Resettlement and rehabilitation policies for all categories of project impacts;

C. List of agencies responsible for the delivery of resettlement entitlements;

D. Details about grievances redress and procedures of appeal;

E. Brief description of the internal and external monitoring process.

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Part 11Entitlements of the affected units and enterprises(CQWWMP), households and persons/individuals. A. Descriptionof the detailed impact of the project on the specific categoriesof households; B. Options for resettlementand rehabilitation.

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11. REDRESSAND GRIEVANCES

Since the entire resettlement and rehabilitation program is being carried out with the participation and consultation of the PAPs, it is expected that no major grievance issue will arise. However, to ensure the possibility for affected people to redress their grievances related to any aspect of the land acquisition and resettlement, detailed procedures have been established for all components of the CUEP. 11.1 THE PROCEDURES

- Stage 1

If any affected person is prejudiced by any aspect of the resettlement and rehabilitation program, he/she can lodge (oral or written grievance) with the following agencies:

In Chongqing city: a)The Villager Administrative Committee b)The Township Resettlement Office

In Fuling (WSP),the Tianzidian Villager Committee

In Fuling (WWP),Village Administrative Committee

In Wanzhou the Tongyuan Villager Committee

In Nan Bin the Hongchun Villager Committee

Oral complaint will be registered and written down by the receiving unit. The above issue will be resolved within 1 5 days.

- Stage 2

Should the aggrieved person be not satisfied with the decision of the villager administrative committee or the Township Resettlement Office, he/she can bring the complaint within one month to:

the concerned District Resettlement Office as regards the WWMPin Chongqing,

the Nan'an District Resettlement Office as regards the LDPin Chongqing,

the Resettlement Office of the Qiaonan Economy and Technology Developing Area as regards the Fuling WSP,

the Resettlement Office of the Subdistrict as regards the Fuling WWP.

the Longbao Township Resettlement Office as regards the Wanzhou WSP,

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the Shuanqing Township Resettlement Office as regards the Nan Bin WSP,

The above issues will be resolved within 15 days.

- Stage 3

Should the aggrieved person be not satisfied with the decision of the above mentioned Resettlement Offices, he/she can submit the complaint within one month to:

the Resettlement Office of the Chongqing Municipal Drainage Management Company (WWMPin Chongqing)

the Resettlement Office of the Chongqing Solid Waste Management Company (LDPin Chongqing)

the Resettlement Office of the Fuling Water Supply Component (WSPin Fuling)

the Resettlement Office of the Fuling Drainage Component (WWPin Fuling)

the Resettlement Office of the Wanzhou Water Supply Component (WSP in Wanzhou)

the Resettlement Office of the Shizu Nan Bin WScomponent (WSPin Nan Bin)

The above issueswill be resolved within 15 days.

- Stage4

Should the aggrieved person be not satisfied with the decision of the above mentionecl offices or the aggrieved complain not responded within 15 days, he/she can submit the complaint to the Resettlement Office of the CUEPwithin 3 months from the date of the original record. The Project Resettlement Office will reach a decision on the complaint within 1 month.

- Stage 5

Should the aggrieved person be dissatisfied with the decision, he/she can appeal to the People's Court in accordance with the (Civil Procedure Act" within 1 5 days of receiving the decision of the Project Resettlement Office.

Aggrieved Aspects

PAPscan make an appeal on any aspect of the land acquisition and resettlement, including the compensation being offered.

Detailed procedures for redress of grievances and the 'appeal process are publicised in RIBsdistributed to the PAPs.

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It is worth noting that the negotiation should prevail as the privileged way to settle occasionalconflicts related to land acquisition and resettlement,as usual in China. The above appealing procedures will be employed only when the mutual negotiationand mediationfails.

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12. IMPLEMENTATIONARRANGEMENTS

12.1 RESETTLEMENTACTIONS AND IMPLEMENTATIONSCHEDULE

12.1.1 RESETTLEMENTACTIONS

Resettlementactions are identical for all componentsof the CUEPand are listed in appendix V and in each chapter 10 of the individual report (VolumesII to VI). Resettlementpreparation started in June 1998. Resettlementimplementation is expectedto be completedbefore the start of civil works (January2000). Agencies responsiblefor land acquisitionand resettlementhave already been established- during the first quarter of 1999 as describedin chapter 7. It is expectedto sign resettlementcontracts before the end of September1 999, to pay compensations until December1 999. It is also expectedto build new structures before the end of November1 999 and to resettle peopleand units (CQWWMP)one month before the civil works start (except in Nan Bin where there is only re-adjustment of land).

12.1.2 IMPLEMENTATIONSCHEDULE

Plannedschedules are almost the same for all componentsand essentiallydiffer at the last stagesof the resettlementimplementation process due to construction works and different types of impacts according to the component. Detailed implementationschedules provided in the different RAPs(cf. Volumes II to VII) are based on the hypothesis that the beginning of the works will be the following: - January2000 for the CQWWMP,the CQMSWP,the WAWSP,the FUWSP.

- February 2000 for the NAWSP. It has been indicatedthat the whole CUEPis now subject of delaysin preliminary design studies approvalsand, therefore the beginning of detailed design studies may be delayed. Consequently,available implementation schedules related to resettlementshould be consideredas subjectto modifications:schedules related to each component will be adjusted according to the change in the project implementationschedule. However, the length of eachphase defined by the plan will remain similar. Should the project be delayedfor any reason, the pace for

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implementation of resettlement would remain the same as that indicated volumesil to VI. 13. COSTSAND BUDGET Costs associatedwith land acquisition and resettlementfor each component of CUEPare included in their respectiveoverall budget. During the implementation of the RAP,the annual expenditure related to land acquisitionand resettlement will be included in the annual investment plans of each component. The total cost for land acquisition and resettlement for the CUEPis estimated at 799 million RMB.The CQWWMPrepresents more than 83%of this amount due to the large number of PAPs concerned by the interceptor and collector sub- component. The FUWWPrepresents approximately 11 % of this amount. The following table describesthe respectivetotal costscomponent by component.

Table 13.1: Breakdownof costs for land acquisition and resettlement in CUEP Components Total Land Shareagainst total Acquisition and cost Resettlementcosts for LandAcquisition Million RMB & ResettlementCUEP (12 /99 prices) CQWWMP 666.66 83.4% CQMSWP 35.21 4.4% FUWSP 2.45 0.3% WAWSP 2.2S 0.3% NAWSP 0.53 0.1% FUWWP 92.24 11.5% Total CUEP 799.34 100.0%

13.1 FLOW OF FUNDS On the basis of the compensation policies and rates indicated in the RAPs corresponding to each component, resettlement offices at successivelevels (component, company and Districts, Townships and villages) will sign compensation agreements with their subordinated agencies in charge of resettlement implementationand with affected people separatelyaccording to

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their jurisdiction. Details about flow of funds component by component are inserted in Volumes II to VIl.

Payment of funds received from project owners by resettlement offices will be made proimptly in accordance with these agreements. 13.2 BASECOST

The base costs are estimated according to the compensation levels set out in tables inserted in Annex C. Detailed breakdown of cost estimates for each component of the CUEPrequiring a RAP is available in Volumes II to VII. Table 1 3.2 below describes the most important categories of costs, component by component.

Table 13.2: The summary of the land and compensation costs for CUEP (in Yuan) CQWWMP CQMSWP FUWSP FUWWP WAWSP NAWSP CUEP Land 49,935,927 31,835,774 1,287,506 2,118 1,170,545 394,067 84,625,937 acquisition Resetti.subsidy 48,860,000 14,707,350 - 3,402,996 - - 66,970,346 Standingcrops 2,098,587 1,089,200 550 - 756 13,380 3,202,473 Houses 50,698,470 3,185,900 411,208 12,528,679 368,859 - 67,193,116 Infrastruct. and 13,968,120 1,846,557 192,123 176,378 223,334 1,869 16,408,382 other assets Resettl. 36,569,450 886,400 66,300 - 33,560 - 37,555,710 allowances Resettl.areas 329,758,280 23,312,800 - 12,063,125 - - 365,134,205 Total Base555,554,05 76,863,981 1,957,687 28,173,296 1,797,054 409,316 664,755,38 Cost 4 8 cost of 11,111,081 1,537,280 97,884 1,408,665 89,853 40,932 14,285,694 preparing the RAPand M & E _ _ . administrative 16,666,621 2,305,919 97,884 1,408,665 89,853 20,466 20,589,408 costs _ physical 55,555,405 7,686,398 195,769 2,817,330 179,705 40,932 66,475,538 contingencies price 27,777,703 3,843,199 97,884 1,408,665 89,853 20,466 33,237,770 contingencies total 666,664,86 92,236,777 2,447,109 35,216,620 2,246,318 532,111 799,343,79 _ 4 _ _ 8

Categories indicated in this table are the followings

- Land acquisition, composed of compensations for different categories of land affected: irrigated land, vegetable land, dry land, orchard, forests land, grassland, fish ponds, house plot, waste land...

- Resettlement subsidies

- Compensations for standing crops

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- Compensationsfor houses, which comprises all types of houses, simple structuresand enclosingwalls - Infrastructuresand other assets:different kind of trees, tombs, wires and wire poles. - Allowances provided to units, workers and affected people for moving, resettlementallowances

13.3 THE COST OF PREPARINGTHE RAP AND MONITORINGAND EVALUATION(M&E) The cost of preparing the RAPand monitoring and evaluationof the whole CUEP reachesRMB 14.29 million. It has been establishedat the following rates of the total amount of compensations:2% in Chongqing (WWTPand LDP);5% in Fuling (SWP)and Wanzhou(SWP); 1 0% in Nan Bin (WSP) 13.4 ADMINISTRATIVECOSTS The administrative costs for the land acquisition and resettlement of the components of the CUEPreach RMB20.59 million which are budgeted at the following rates of the total amount of compensations:3% in Chongqing (WWTP and LDP);5% in Fuling (SWP),Wanzhou (SWP) and Nan Bin (WSP) 13.5 CONTINGENCIES Contingencies cover a large range of aspectssuch as the livelihood of the local residents or operationof units and enterprises.Costs estimates for contingencies for the RAP implementation include provisions for both physical and price contingencieswhich are the major contingenciesto be taken into account.They are estimatedat a total cost of Rmb 100 million for the whole CUEP..

13.5.1 PHYSICALCONTINGENCIES

Physicalcontingencies have been included to provide for any changesin design or alignment and for any unforeseencircumstances during the implementation of the RAP.Physical contingencies are budgeted at the rate of 10%of the total amount of compensations.

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13.5.2 PRICECONTINGENCIES

The cost of land acquisitionand resettlementof all componentsof CUEPis based on the current annual prices.The inflation rate and the inflation allowancesmust be estimated accordingly:for each componentof CUEPthe price contingencies for inflation are budgeted at 5% of the total amount of compensations. Compensationrates will be adjusted by the actual inflation rate from 12/99 to the time when the compensationis actually paid. The total amount represented by price contingenciesfor all CUEPis 33.23 million RMB.

13.6 ANNUAL COSTESTIMATED Accordingto the schedulerelated to the beginning of civil works in the different areas,the land acquisition and resettlementfor all the componentsof the CUEP will be carried out mainly in 1999 (cf. chapter 10 Implementationarrangement). According to the present scheduleit is estimated that 80%of the expenditures related to land acquisition and resettlementwill be disbursed in 1999 and the remaining20% will be usedand in 2000.

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14. MONITORING AND EVALUATION - INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL To ensure that the implementationof the land acquisition and resettlement is carried out in accordancewith the relevant requirements of the RAPand to guaranteethe progressand quality of the resettlementaction, this action will be monitored and evaluated both internally and externally during preparatory arrangements,implementation, and after completion. All resettlementimplementation plans concerned by CUEPwill follow the same proceduresas regardsevaluation, both internal and external.

14.1 INTERNALMONITORING The ResettlementOffice (PRO)of each component will undertake the routine internal monitoring and evaluationof the implementationof the land acquisition and resettlement so as to ensure that all the responsible units follow the scheduleand complywith the principles of the RAPof the component. 14.1.1 OBJECTIVES The objective of the internal monitoring is to monitor the implementationof the whole ResettlementAction Planfor eachcomponent. 14.1.2 RESPONSIBILITY 1. To ensurethe implementationof the specific provisionsof the RAP; 2. Monitor the progress of various tasks regularly so as to identify and timely solve problems and to further ensure that the resettlementis completed in line with the schedule. 14.1.3 INDICATORSTO BEMONITORED 1. Paymentof compensationsto affected people, collectives and units (when concerned)according to the compensationrates defined by each resettlement entitlement policy (all componentsof CUEP). 2.Paymentof transition subsidiesto the affected people who choose to work in the units and the enterprisesor to seekjobs by themselvesduring their period of unemployment.(WWMPand LDPin Chongqingcity) 3. The determinationof the new housing sites and building plans by considering affected residents' options. The number of householdsfinishing building new houses at the scheduled time will be recorded. In order to compare the

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conditions of the former and new houses, the houses to be removed will be registeredwhich will be kept in the file recordsof the project (all componentsof CUEP). 4. Rehabilitationof infrastructuresaffected by the component(all componentsof CUEP) 5. Paymentof pensionto elderly people,the nursing fee, the medicalcare fees to the concernedpeople (WWMP and LDPin Chongqingcity).

6.Paymentof the self-seekingjobs subsidiesto the personswho seekjobs by themselves(WWMP and LDPin Chongqingcity) 7. For units and enterprisesto be relocated, besides compensationfor their affected assets,allocation of a suitable new site, compensationfor moving and rebuilding their equipment, payment for losses due to production interruption and relativewages shall be provided (WWMPin Chongqingcity). 8 Redistributionof the cultivatedland within the affected administrativevillages, and use the land compensation and resettlement subsidy to develop their collective economicaldevelopment (componentsin Fuling, Wanzh.ouand Nan Bin). 14.1 .4 PERSONNEL Eachcomponent's PRO will be responsiblefor the internal monitoring activities. It will collect information from the concerneddepartments once every 3 months and inserl: gathered information and data in relevant tables. On this basis the databasecan be renewedquarterly. 14.1 .5 METHODOLOGY& PROCEDURE 1. Identify the major indicatorsto be monitored,and set correspondingtables for the departmentsconcerned to fill them every month or season; 2. Carry out sampling verifications to examine the correctness of the filled tables; 3. Convene regular meetings to report on progress of the resettlement, and supervisethe progressof implementation; 4. Payvisit to the project sites irregularlyso as to appraisethe progressof the on-site jobs; 5. Set up the systemof regular report.

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14.1.6 REPORT Internal monitoring reports will be prepared every 6 months according to the data and information obtained from the survey tables. The reports will be submitted by each component's Resettlement Office to their concerned ResettlementLeading Group and to the ResettlementOffice of the CUEP. Eachcomponent's Resettlement Leading Group will conveneto discuss internal monitoring reports after they are submitted to it. It will identify those delaysor issues related to the resettlement implementation resettlement comparedwith the resettlementand rehabilitationprogram. 14.2 EXTERNALMONITORING AND EVALUATION In order to ensure the proper implementationof resettlement,the independent consulting institute and the consulting specialistthat is recognisedby the World Bank, familiar with the Project and which participated to the resettlement planning of the Projecthas been entrustedas the external agencyand personnel for independentmonitoring and evaluationof the land acquisition, resettlement and rehabilitationactivities of all componentsof CUEP. 14.2.1 OBJECTIVE Looking at the overall implementationfrom a broader, long term point of view, the independentmonitoring and evaluationagency for eachcomponent of CUEP, will follow up the resettlement activities to evaluate whether the goals of resettlementare achievedthrough: ^1. Compliancewith the specificprovisions of the RAP; 2. Improvementin the standardsof living of the PAPsor at least maintenanceof their pre-project levelsof well-being. Responsibilities 1. Before implementationof the RAP,to verify the censusresult and engage in the socio-economicsurvey on the PAPsincluding their standardsof living; 2. During implementationof the RAP,to conduct the overall monitoring of the RAP and to express suggestions regarding the improvement of the implementation; 3. After implementation of the RAP, to survey and to evaluate the socio- economicinfluence of the component.

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14.2.2 INDICATORSTO BE MONITORED

In addition to the above-mentioned indicators, the independent monitoring and evaluation institute will also monitor and evaluate the following indicators:

a) Payment of compensation

- Payment of sufficient compensation to all the PAPsone month before the civil construction of each project starts;

- To monitor and to gather detailed records about types, rates, amounts, dates and beneficiaries of compensations;

b) Links between the resettlement and the civil works construction of the project;

The resettlement will be finished at least 1 month before the initiation of civil construction of the Project;

c) Provision of employment / payment of pensions to elderly people

- jobs shall be provided to eligible PAPslaborers at least 3 months prior to the land acquisition starts.

- Jobs to be provided to the PAPshall be close to his / her house and must be approved by him / her in advance.

- Occasionally, adequate training shall be provided to PAPs before he / she formally takes the job.

- The PAPsshall be paid transitional subsidy before jobs are provided.

- The PAPs'salary shall be sufficient for the rehabilitation of their living standard.

- Subsidies shall be paid 3 months in advance to those PAPswho select to seek jobs by themselves.

- The eligible elderly PAPsshall be paid old-age pension before the start of land acquisition;

- The specific assistance to elderly PAPsshall be able to ensure the rehabilitation of their living standard.

d) Rehabilitation of affected Infrastructures

- All the necessary infrastructures will at least be rehabilitated to their pre- acquisition level;

- Compensations for affected infrastructures will be adequate for reconstructing them to the pre-acquisition level in quality;

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e) Provisionof Housing(apart from Nan Nin) - The PAPswill be provided with the new housing sites in accordancewith their choice; - The PAPs'new settlementswill be closeto their former ones;

- The PAPsmust move into their new houses 1 month prior to the civil constructionof the project; - The compensationpayment for self-constructed houseswill be formulated in compliancewith the criteria and features of the construction equivalent to the reconstructioncost of the house in spite of the depreciationand the value of the usablematerial of the former houses; - Monitoring and gathering detailed records about the PAPs specific requirements as regards moving into their new houses, dates of moving and generalresettlement of housing; - The PAPswill obtain the resettlementcompensation, transitional subsidyand award,etc. which they are entitled; f) SatisfactionDegrees of the PAPs

- The PAPs'satisfaction degree and opinions regarding various aspectsof the resettlementprogram;

- The mechanismand speedof handling conflicts; g) Living standardsof the PAPs Surveysabout living standardsof PAPswill be carried out. Surveyswill employ the combination of stratum sampling and group random sampling so as to identify and report about potential problems in rehabilitation of living standards. General socio-economic surveys and analysis will be conducted about 1 year after completion of the. land acquisition and resettlement and will result in reports about living standardsand conditions of the PAPsafter their resettlement so as to evaluatethe actual impact of the implementationof the RAPon PAPs' living standards. h) Resettlementof affected units and enterprises(WWMP in Chongqing) - All affected units and enterpriseswill receive compensationpayment adequate for their equipment without considering depreciation and the value of usable materials; - The new locations and transitional periods of affected units and enterprises which need to be relocatedwill be decidedthrough the consultationwith them.

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- All affected workers will be paid subsidies equivalent to their normal salary during the production interruption period;

- Affected units and enterprise will be paid compensation for loss of net profits due to production interruption during the period of resettlement and project construction;

1 4.2.3 METHODOLOGY

a) Questionnaires in depth interviews and observational methods will be employed in the survey. The investigating staff, who have received systematic training, will carry out on-the-spot investigations, talk with the PAPsso as to be informed of their opinion on various problems and therefore conduct the monitoring and evaluation of the Project's component from various angles and a wider viewpoint;

b) 100% of the affected administrative villages, and 10% of the directly affected households will be investigated in monitoring the implementation of the RAP;

c) Data and information will be collected by the following methods:

- Apply questionnaires to the relevant villages, units, and households to be answered by individuals;

- Direct visit to affected people and units (when concerned);

- Groups on special problems will be organised so as to identify such problems concenring the eligible old PAPs, women, children, affected units and enterprises, etc. Related investigations will be carried out at least every 6 months and reports submitted accordingly;

d) Collected data and information will be analysed according to affected areas, resettlement site, time and types of the influence, compensation level, duration of resettlement, etc.;

e) The inclependent monitoring and evaluation institute will maintain a database composedl by data and information collected for various reports. The case of every project-affected household will be considered through separate record in the database which will be continuously updated according to the most recent information.

14.2.4 REPORT

The independent monitoring and evaluation institute will compile reports of monitoring and evaluation every 6 months after the implementation of the RAP begin. The report will compose of a quantitative part ( in order to verify the data and information provided in the internal monitoring report ) and a qualitative part ( see the above ). The report will be submitted to each component's

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Resettlement Leading Group and the Resettlement Office of CUEPto be transmitted to the World Bankon April 30 and October31 every year. Eachreport will comprise5 parts: 1. Verificationof the implementationof the RAP; 2. Review of compliance of compensation, resettlement, and rehabilitation arrangementswith major objectivesstipulated in the RAP; 3. Reportabout the participationand satisfactiondegree of PAPsas regards the resettlementprogram; 4. Identification of the main problems facing by implementationof the RAPand suggestionsfor solving problemsand improving the overall efficiencyof the land acquisitionand resettlementprogram; 5. Reportingabout initiatives taken by the concerneddepartments, as suggested in the last report. Each component'sResettlement Leading Group and the ResettlementOffice of the CUEPwill convene a meeting to discuss and decide solutions regarding problemsidentified in the independentmonitoring report immediatelyas soon as possibleafter it is submitted.

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14.3 SUBMISSIONOF THE MONITORINGREPORTS

All the monitoring reports of the land acquisition and resettlement regarding each component are listed as follows:

Table 14.1: The schedule for submitting the monitoring reports Reporter reported agency name frequency/time

The Component Resettlement Leading Group, The Component The Project The internal Once every six months Resettlement Office Resettlement monitoring (Feb 28 and Aug 31 Office report every year)

The Component Resettlement Leading Group, The Inclependent The Project The Once every six months Monitoring and Resettlement external (Apr. 30 and Oct 31 Evaluation Institute Office, The Project monitoring every year) Resettlement report Leading Group, The World Bank

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