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Postcolonial Female Subjects Rewritten Identities in Andrea Levy’S Small Island and Zadie Smith’S NW
Master’s Degree in European, American and Postcolonial Languages and Literature Final Thesis Postcolonial Female Subjects Rewritten Identities in Andrea Levy’s Small Island and Zadie Smith’s NW Supervisor Ch. Prof. Flavio Gregori Assistant Supervisor Ch. Prof. Shaul Bassi Graduand Buse Umur 876576 Academic Year 2019 / 2020 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank all my professors who have inspired me during my education, enlightened my path with their precious knowledge, and encouraged me to write my thesis. Beyond any doubt, I would not be the person I am without their support and enthusiasm to raise me as a sensible individual. The melody of my life would not sound so harmoniously if it were not for my loving, gentle, insightful, brave, and strong friends. Their unconditional love and support have embellished my life. This thesis has come to life particularly thanks to their profound conversations, incredible company, and joyful laughter. It is my most tremendous fortune to have met beautiful souls across the world, for which I will always be grateful. I would also thank my brother for cheering up my life with his sweet and witty spirit and my father for being the most compassionate person he is and supporting my journey in whichever direction I may take. My greatest gratitude is for the strongest, fiercest, and kindest woman with her glittering blue eyes, brightening my life. For teaching me how to live, not survive, how to make my decisions, not conform, and how to laugh even after crying. For being a woman in a hostile and patriarchal environment, building a life for her family, raising her children with humanist values, and believing in us even when we cannot. -
Black Citizenship, Black Sovereignty: the Haitian Emigration Movement and Black American Politics, 1804-1865
Black Citizenship, Black Sovereignty: The Haitian Emigration Movement and Black American Politics, 1804-1865 Alexander Campbell History Honors Thesis April 19, 2010 Advisor: Françoise Hamlin 2 Table of Contents Timeline 5 Introduction 7 Chapter I: Race, Nation, and Emigration in the Atlantic World 17 Chapter II: The Beginnings of Black Emigration to Haiti 35 Chapter III: Black Nationalism and Black Abolitionism in Antebellum America 55 Chapter IV: The Return to Emigration and the Prospect of Citizenship 75 Epilogue 97 Bibliography 103 3 4 Timeline 1791 Slave rebellion begins Haitian Revolution 1831 Nat Turner rebellion, Virginia 1804 Independent Republic of Haiti declared, Radical abolitionist paper The Liberator with Jean-Jacques Dessalines as President begins publication 1805 First Constitution of Haiti Written 1836 U.S. Congress passes “gag rule,” blocking petitions against slavery 1806 Dessalines Assassinated; Haiti divided into Kingdom of Haiti in the North, Republic of 1838 Haitian recognition brought to U.S. House Haiti in the South. of Representatives, fails 1808 United States Congress abolishes U.S. 1843 Jean-Pierre Boyer deposed in coup, political Atlantic slave trade chaos follows in Haiti 1811 Paul Cuffe makes first voyage to Africa 1846 Liberia, colony of American Colonization Society, granted independence 1816 American Colonization Society founded 1847 General Faustin Soulouque gains power in 1817 Paul Cuffe dies Haiti, provides stability 1818 Prince Saunders tours U.S. with his 1850 Fugitive Slave Act passes U.S. Congress published book about Haiti Jean-Pierre Boyer becomes President of 1854 Martin Delany holds National Emigration Republic of Haiti Convention Mutiny of the Holkar 1855 James T. -
Haitian Revolution
The Haitian Revolution The Haitian Revolution was a social and political upheaval in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (which shared the island of Hispaniola with the Spanish colony of Santo Domingo) during the period from 1791 to 1804. In 1791, slaves and gens de couleur libres (“free people of color”) rebelled against French rule, and in 1804 declared their country’s independence under the original Arawak name of Haiti. The Haitian Revolution was, along with the American Revolution, one of the most significant and dramatic challenges to European colonialism in the New World, and historians widely regard it as a milestone in the history of Africans in the Americas. The Haitian Revolution is, in fact, the only successful large-scale slave insurrection in history, and it is often seen as initiating the decline of the slave trade. Causes of the Haitian Revolution The colonial economy was export driven, dominated by agriculture and trade. Saint- Domingue, with its tropical climate, was developed as a coffee- and sugar-producing colony, and sustained many large and profitable plantations. By the second half of the 18th century, sugar and coffee were two of the world’s most traded commodities, and Saint-Domingue produced over 60 percent of the world’s coffee and 40 percent of the world’s sugar. This made Saint-Domingue France’s most profitable plantation colony. To meet the growing needs of this plantation system, Saint-Domingue’s colonists continuously expanded the number of slaves. Thus, the colonial economy fueled the social imbalance that led to the revolution. Colonial society, a racist society, was at fault, in part through its own rigidity. -
Haïti 1804 – Lumières Et Ténèbres
Léon-François Hoffmann/Frauke Gewecke/Ulrich Fleischmann (dir.): Haïti 1804 – Lumières et ténèbres. Impact et résonances d'une révolution B I B L I O T H E C A I B E R O - A M E R I C A N A Publicaciones del Instituto Ibero-Americano Fundación Patrimonio Cultural Prusiano Vol. 121 B I B L I O T H E C A I B E R O - A M E R I C A N A Léon-François Hoffmann/Frauke Gewecke/ Ulrich Fleischmann (dir.) Haïti 1804 – Lumières et ténèbres Impact et résonances d'une révolution Iberoamericana · Vervuert 2008 Bibliografic information published by Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliografic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.ddb.de © Iberoamericana 2008 Amor de Dios, 1 E-28014 Madrid [email protected] www.ibero-americana.net © Vervuert Verlag 2008 Elisabethenstr. 3-9 D-60594 Frankfurt am Main [email protected] www.ibero-americana.net ISBN 978-84-8489-371-4 ISBN 978-3-86527-394-9 Diseño de la cubierta: Michael Ackermann Ilustración de la cubierta: Toussaint Louverture: Graffiti dans une rue de Port- au-Prince © Thomas Kern/Lookatonline Composición: Anneliese Seibt, Instituto Ibero-Americano, Berlín Este libro está impreso íntegramente en papel ecológico blanqueado sin cloro Impreso en España Table des matières Introduction ...................................................................................... 9 Léon-François Hoffmann L’haïtienne fut-elle une révolution? ................................................. 13 Florence Gauthier La Révolution de Saint-Domingue ou la conquête de l’égalité de l’épiderme (1789-1804) .................................................. 21 Oliver Gliech L’insurrection des esclaves de Saint-Domingue et l’effondrement du pouvoir blanc. -
Health, Race, and the Environment in the British Greater Caribbean
Atlantic Bodies: Health, Race, and the Environment in the British Greater Caribbean Katherine Johnston Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2016 © 2016 Katherine Johnston All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT Atlantic Bodies: Health, Race, and the Environment in the British Greater Caribbean Katherine Johnston This dissertation examines the relationship between race and bodily health in the British West Indies and the Carolina/Georgia Lowcountry from the late seventeenth through the early nineteenth century. In the eighteenth century, planters often justified African slavery by claiming that Africans, unlike Europeans, had bodies particularly suited to labor in warm climates. Historians have tended to take these claims as evidence of a growing sense of biological race in plantation societies. Much of this work, though, relies on published sources. This dissertation examines these public sources, including medical manuals, natural histories, and political pamphlets, alongside private sources, particularly the personal correspondence of planters and slaveholders to uncover a different story of race and slavery. These two source types reveal significant discrepancies between planters’ public rhetoric and private beliefs about health, race, and the environment in plantation societies. First, correspondence between the Greater Caribbean and Britain demonstrates that health and disease did not contribute to the development of racial slavery in the Atlantic. Second, these sources show how and why planters manipulated public conceptions of climate and health to justify and maintain a system of racial slavery. Planters insisted on climate-based arguments for slavery in spite of their experiences in the Americas, rather than because of them. -
Coversheet for Thesis in Sussex Research Online
A University of Sussex PhD thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details A Creole Melting Pot: the Politics of Language, Race, and Identity in southwest Louisiana, 1918-45 Christophe Landry Doctorate of Philosophy in History University of Sussex Submitted September 2015 UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX CHRISTOPHE LANDRY (DOCTORATE OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY) A CREOLE MELTING POT: THE POLITICS OF LANGUAGE, RACE, AND IDENTITY IN SOUTHWEST LOUISIANA, 1918-45 SUMMARY Southwest Louisiana Creoles underwent great change between World Wars I and II as they confronted American culture, people, and norms. This work examines that cultural transformation, paying particular attention to the processes of cultural assimilation and resistance to the introduction and imposition of American social values and its southern racial corollary: Jim Crow. As this work makes clear, the transition to American identity transmuted the cultural foundations of French- and Creole-speaking Creole communities. World War I signalled early transformative changes and over the next three decades, the region saw the introduction of English language, new industries, an increasing number of Protestant denominations, and the forceful imposition of racialized identities and racial segregation. -
The Post-Colonial Studies Reader
THE POST-COLONIAL STUDIES READER One of the most exciting features of English literatures today is the explo sion of post-colonial literatures, those literatures written in English in formerly colonised societies. This field has given rise to a great range of theoretical ideas, concepts, problems and debates, and these have been addressed in a great range of articles, essays, talks and books published or written from every continent. This book brings together a selection of these theoretical issues in a way that indicates and celebrates the immense diver sity of post-colonial theory. As such it will be an indispensable volume for students, teachers, researchers and theorists, and anybody interested in the field. The book has fourteen sections, each dealing with a major concept or issue in post-colonial theory. Each section is introduced by the editors and includes up to seven extracts from various theorists. As well as fundamental post- colonial issues, such as Language, Place, History and Ethnicity, it also assesses the similarities and differences with postmodernism, explores concepts such as Hybridity and The Body and Performance, and also exam ines the very important material practice? of Education, Production and Consumption, and the modes of Representation and Resistance. The uniqueness of this volume is in its range and comprehensiveness. By bringing together nearly ninety extracts from over fifty different writers, it demonstrates the vast spread of post-colonial theory, the degree to which such theory is emerging outside the metropolitan intellectual centres, and the significance such theory has in the practical political issues of living in this range of societies. -
Black Cosmopolitans
BLACK COSMOPOLITANS BLACK COSMOPOLITANS Race, Religion, and Republicanism in an Age of Revolution Christine Levecq university of virginia press Charlottesville and London University of Virginia Press © 2019 by the Rector and Visitors of the University of Virginia All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid- free paper First published 2019 ISBN 978-0-8139-4218-6 (cloth) ISBN 978-0-8139-4219-3 (e-book) 1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2 Library of Congress Cataloging- in- Publication Data is available for this title. Cover art: Jean-Baptiste Belley. Portrait by Anne Louis Girodet de Roussy- Trioson, 1797, oil on canvas. (Château de Versailles, France) To Steve and Angie CONTENTS Acknowledgments ix Introduction 1 1. Jacobus Capitein and the Radical Possibilities of Calvinism 19 2. Jean- Baptiste Belley and French Republicanism 75 3. John Marrant: From Methodism to Freemasonry 160 Notes 237 Works Cited 263 Index 281 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This book has been ten years in the making. One reason is that I wanted to explore the African diaspora more broadly than I had before, and my knowledge of English, French, and Dutch naturally led me to expand my research to several national contexts. Another is that I wanted this project to be interdisciplinary, combining history and biography with textual criticism. It has been an amazing journey, which was made pos- sible by the many excellent scholars this book relies on. Part of the pleasure in writing this book came from the people and institutions that provided access to both the primary and the second- ary material. -
Toussaint Louverture and Haiti's History As Muse
Toussaint Louverture and Haiti’s History as Muse: Legacies of Colonial and Postcolonial Resistance in Francophone African and Caribbean Corpus by Aude Dieudé Department of Romance Studies Duke University Date: _______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Deborah Jenson, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Achille Mbembe, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Laurent Dubois ___________________________ Ian Baucom ___________________________ Ranjana Khanna Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Romance Studies in the Graduate School of Duke University 2013 ABSTRACT Toussaint Louverture and Haiti’s History as Muse: Legacies of Colonial and Postcolonial Resistance in Francophone African and Caribbean Corpus by Aude Dieudé Department of Romance Studies Duke University Date: _______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Deborah Jenson, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Achille Mbembe, Co-Supervisor ___________________________ Laurent Dubois ___________________________ Ian Baucom ___________________________ Ranjana Khanna An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Romance Studies in the Graduate School of Duke University 2013 Copyright by Aude Dieudé 2013 Abstract This dissertation explores the themes of race and resistance in nineteenth-century Haitian writings and highlights their impact on French-speaking -
The (Un) Kindness of Strangers: Writing Haiti In
Caribbean Studies ISSN: 0008-6533 [email protected] Instituto de Estudios del Caribe Puerto Rico Dash, J. Michael THE (UN)KINDNESS OF STRANGERS: WRITING HAITI IN THE 21ST CENTURY Caribbean Studies, vol. 36, núm. 2, julio-diciembre, 2008, pp. 171-178 Instituto de Estudios del Caribe San Juan, Puerto Rico Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=39215107009 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative THE (UN)KINDNESS OF STRANGERS... 171 THE (UN)KINDNESS OF STRANGERS: WRITING HAITI IN THE 21ST CENTURY J. Michael Dash New York University Garrigus, John D. 2006. Before Haiti: Race and Citizenship in French Saint-Domingue. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 396 pp. ISBN: 13:978-1-4039-7140-1. Girard, Philippe. 2005. Paradise Lost: Haiti’s Tumultuous Journey from Pearl of the Caribbean to Third World Hotspot. New York: Palgrave Mac- millan. 230 pp. ISBN: 1-4039-6887-X. Heinl, Robert Debs and Nancy Gordon Heinl. 2005. Written in Blood: The Story of the Haitian People, 1492-1995. Newly revised and expanded by Michael Heinl. Lanham, MD: University Press of America. 882 pp. ISBN: 0-7618-3177-0. he question is asked by Robert and Nancy Heinl in Written in Blood “How does one explain Haiti? What is Haiti?” It is Tsurprising that over two hundred years after Haiti became independent that such a question could still be asked. -
The History of Fashion in France, Or, the Dress of Women from the Gallo
r\ U Ly c r ^ -=4^-^ r J^^^ y^ ^^ ^->^ THE HISTORY OF FASHION IN FRANCE. 3-\MML THE HISTORY OF FASHION IN FRANCE; OR. THE DRESS OF WOMEN FROM THE GALLO-ROMAN PERIOD TO THE PRESENT TIME, FROM THE FRENCH OF M. AUGUSTIN CHALLAMEL. nv Mrs. CASHEL HOEY and Mr. JOHN LILLIE. S C R I R N E R A N IJ \V K L I' O k 1 J. I»»2. LONDON : PRINTED BY GILBERT AND RIVINGTON, LIMITED, ST. John's square. —— CONTENTS. INTRODUCTION. Various definitions of fashion—The grave side of its history—Quotations from the poets —Character of Frenchwomen—The refinement of their tastes and fancies — Paris the temple of fashion —The provinces ^Mdlle. Mars' yellow gown— The causes of fashion —A saying of Mme. de Girardin's —A remark of Mrs. TroUope's — The dress of actresses— Earliest theories of fashion— The Gyna;ceum of Amman First appearance of the "Journal des Dames et des Modes "—Lamesangere Other pubhcations—An anecdote concerning dolls— Plan of the History of Fashion in France CHAPTER I. THE GALLIC AND GALLO-ROMAN PERIOD. Gallic period—Woad, or the pastel—Tunics and boulgetes—"Mavors"and "Palla" — Cleanliness of the GaUic women -The froth of beer or "kourou"—The women of Marseilles; their marriage-portions — Gallo-Roman period — The Roman garment—The " stola "— Refinement of elegance—Extravagant luxury of women Artificial aids—A " vestiaire" or wardrobe-room of the period—Shoes—^Jewels and ornaments—The amber and crj'stal ball—Influence of the barbarians . -13 CHAPTER II. THE MEROVINGIAN PERIOD. Modifications in female dress after the Invasion of the Franks—Customs of the latter The Merovingians —Costumes of skins and felt ; cloaks and camlets—The coif, the veil, the skull-cap, the " guimpe," the cape—Fashionable Merovingian ladies adorn themselves with flowers — Various articles of dress— The "suint" —Young girls dress their hair without omamenis— St. -
Tourism and Place in Treasure Beach, Jamaica: Imagining Paradise and the Alternative. Michael J
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1999 Tourism and Place in Treasure Beach, Jamaica: Imagining Paradise and the Alternative. Michael J. Hawkins Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Hawkins, Michael J., "Tourism and Place in Treasure Beach, Jamaica: Imagining Paradise and the Alternative." (1999). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 7044. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/7044 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bteedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.