CERN Courier November 2018 CERN Courier November 2018 Education Faces & Places institutes such as INFN-Frascati in Italy and the Paul Scherrer The registration and proposal-submission for BL 4S 2019 a re now Institut in Switzerland are also interested in hosting the competi- open. Hopefully the next edition will attract even more students tion in the future. from all around the globe to participate in this unique opportunity. What remains is the never-ending challenge of spreading the A ppointments word. Even though CERN has many traditional and modern chan- ● Further reading nels of communication, making BL4S known to high-school http://beamline-for-schools.web.cern.ch. Bassler to be next president of CERN Council students and teachers around the world takes the effort of a large L Biesot et al. 2016 Phys. Educ. 51 064002.
H Broomfield et al. 2018 Phys. Educ. 53 055011. CERN-PHOTO-201809-247-1 number of people at all levels. In particular, volunteers are needed The CERN Council announced on Energies and Atomic Energy Commission B Gutowski et al. 2018 Phys. Educ. 53 045011. to spread the word in their region and through their available chan- 28 September the election of Ursula (CEA) in Saclay. nels, where they play several roles: acting as additional regional Bassler, a delegate of the Council since “CERN as an organisation is essential contacts for candidate teams; providing coaching if no teacher is Résumé 2015 and a former member of the Large to make progress in particle physics, as we available; taking part in the evaluation of proposals; assisting the Des travaux pratiques aux frontières de la science. Hadron Collider (LHC) committee, as its need continuous, long-term efforts,” said winning teams with their data analysis and writing of scientific 23rd president, for a period of one year Bassler. “During the upcoming update of the papers; and, finally, finding additional sponsors. Anyone interested Depuis sa création en 2014, à l’occasion du 60e anniversaire du (renewable twice) starting on 1 January European Strategy for Particle Physics, it 2019. She is currently deputy director at will be important to design the vision for the can contact the BL4S team via bl4s.team@cern.ch. CERN, le concours Ligne de faisceau pour les écoles a vu concourir France’s National Institute for Nuclear future infrastructures in our field and to start As this article went to press, the 2018 winners were complet- 900 équipes, représentant au total près de 8 500 élèves de 76 pays. and Particle Physics (IN2P3 - CNRS), laying out a path for their realisation with ing their experiments, which were hugely successful. All students Les dix équipes gagnantes au fil des années ont pu mener des where she was involved, in particular, in the CERN Member States and the global claimed to have gained an immense increase in knowledge and expériences au CERN ; les thèmes de recherche étaient variées, preparing the Institute’s contribution to the particle-physics community. I’m looking they admired the passion that surrounded them everywhere they allant des chambres secrètes de la pyramide de Khephren à la validité detector upgrades for the High Luminosity forward to working as Council president, went at CERN. Working together in mixed shift crews each day, the de l’invariance de Lorentz. Plusieurs de ces équipes ont publié leurs LHC (HL-LHC) and in shaping France’s together with the CERN directorate, teams have also learned about one another’s experiments, fostering résultats dans une revue à comité de lecture. Grâce à l’enthousiasme involvement in the European Open the European Strategy Group and all Science Cloud. Previously, she headed the delegations, on this challenging endeavour.” cooperation and personal growth. Quotes such as “Beamline for des élèves, des enseignants, des équipes organisatrices et de particle-physics division at the Institute Bassler will take over from Sijbrand de Schools was a life-changing experience” are not uncommon, and nombreux volontaires, le concours connaît de plus en plus de succès. of Research into the Fundamental Laws Jong, who concludes his three-year term at many of this year’s students have made up their minds that they of the Universe at the French Alternative President-elect, Ursula Bassler. the end of December. Sarah Aretz and Markus Joos, CERN.
would like to pursue a career in particle physics or engineering. Private is an expert in collider phenomenology, Zanderighi joins Max and has received several awards for her work, including the Bessel Research Award Planck Institute for and an ERC Consolidator Grant endowed with €1.5 million. She specialises in Physics as director high-precision theoretical calculations of particle collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), specifically on fixed-order Giulia Zanderighi, a professor of physics perturbative quantum chromodynamics at the University of Oxford in the UK calculations for multi-particle processes. and a staff member in CERN’s theory Zanderighi will take up her post at department, has been appointed director MPP on 1 January 2019, where she will of the Department of Novel Computational co-operate with Siegfried Bethke, director Techniques in Particle Phenomenology of experimental high-energy physics, in at the Max Planck Institute for Physics connection with the ATLAS detector at (MPP) in Munich, Germany. Zanderighi New MPP director Giulia Zanderighi. the LHC. Martínez García to lead SUBATECH laboratory
Ginés Martínez García, a member of the SUBATECH director Ginés Martínez García. ALICE collaboration at CERN and leader of the Nantes ALICE group, has been the Université de Nantes. appointed director of the SUBATECH Martínez García has been working at research laboratory, located in Nantes, SUBATECH for 20 years, leading the France. He started the new post on lab’s plasma group first between 2002 1 September. and 2010 and then between 2013 and 2018. SUBATECH’s research activities focus His research concerns heavy-ion on nuclear physics, radiochemistry and physics. Martínez García worked in the
their applications. The unit is co-operated CC BY NCSA/IMT Atlantique/C Querniard PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic by the Institut Mines Telecom Atlantique Heavy Ion Collider in Brookhaven (IMT-Atlantique), the French National between 1999 and 2004 and has been Institute for Nuclear Physics and working in the ALICE experiment at Particle Physics (IN2P3) of CNRS and CERN since 1998.
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CCNov18_BL4S_v5.indd 34 19/10/2018 14:25 CCNov18_Faces&Places_v4.indd 35 19/10/2018 14:28 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 8 N u m b e r 9 N o v e m b e r 2 0 1 8 CERN Courier November 2018 CERN Courier November 2018 Faces & Places Faces & Places
A w A r d s Bell Burnell to donate $3m Breakthrough Prize Architecture prize for former artists in residence Architects Matias del Campo and Sandra D Hartely/Shutterstock Jocelyn Bell Burnell has been awarded a Breakthrough prizes awarded through the Manninger, who were artists in residence at Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental annual nomination process. “Jocelyn Bell CERN in 2016 through the Arts at CERN Physics for her 1967 discovery of pulsars Burnell’s discovery of pulsars will always project with support from the Department and a lifetime of inspiring leadership in stand as one of the great surprises in the of Arts of the Federal Chancellery of the scientific community. Bell Burnell, history of astronomy,” said Edward Witten, Austria, have received the prestigious 2018 currently a visiting professor of astrophysics the chair of the selection committee. “Until Studio Prize by the American Institute of at the University of Oxford and chancellor that moment, no one had any real idea how Architects (AIA). Del Campo, Manninger, of the University of Dundee, will donate the neutron stars could be observed, if indeed along with thesis students of the Taubman $3m prize money to create a fund to support they existed. Suddenly it turned out that College of Architecture + Urban Planning at greater diversity for women and people nature has provided an incredibly precise way the University of Michigan in the US, were from ethnic minorities. The money will to observe these objects, something that has recognised for their ideas for a new visitor be given to the UK Institute of Physics led to many later advances.” centre at CERN for the proposed Future to support graduate students from Bell Burnell is the fourth to be awarded the Circular Collider (FCC). under-represented groups. special prize. Previous winners are the late The AIA Studio Prize recognises A Special Breakthrough Prize in Stephen Hawking, seven CERN scientists thoughtful, innovative and ethical projects at Fundamental Physics can be awarded by whose leadership led to the discovery accredited architecture schools in the US and the selection committee at any time in of the Higgs boson, and the LIGO and Canada, and awards a cash sum of $25,000. Del recognition of an extraordinary scientific Virgo collaborations for the detection of Campo and colleagues’ studio was selected by achievement, and in addition to the regular Prize winner Jocelyn Bell Burnell. gravitational waves. this year’s jury as one of the most compelling studios in US architectural education today. Prange award recipient Juan Maldacena. In one of the studio’s ideas for the visitor Prange award goes centre (pictured), students Sung-Su Kim,
A Kane/IAS the past 30 years, and has remained a topic Yongjoon Kim and Nathan Wesseldyk to Juan Maldacena of great fundamental interest in particle looked at pattern “as a means of physics, string theory, gravity, nuclear understanding and conveying how multiple physics and condensed-matter physics. complex systems can be overlaid to find One of the ideas for a visitor centre for FCC. (Image credit: Sung-Su Kim, Yongjoon Kim, Juan Maldacena of the Institute for With more than 10,000 citations, the paper moments of interaction”. Nathan Wesseldyk, Taubman College of Architecture + Urban Planning.) Advanced Study in Princeton, US, is the describing the result is among the most cited 2018 recipient of the Richard E Prange papers in all of science over the past 20 years. E v E n t s Prize and Lectureship in Condensed Matter Established by the University of Maryland Theory and Related Areas. Maldacena is (UMD), the prize, which carries a $10,000 recognised for his 1997 theoretical discovery honorarium, honours the late Richard E New entrance welcomes the world to CERN
of a deep connection between gauge theories Prange, whose distinguished career at UMD CERN-PHOTO-201809-249-2 and quantum gravity. Known as AdS/ spanned four decades. Previous winners On 28 September, CERN, the État de CFT duality, the connection is one of most include Philip W Anderson, David Gross and Genève and the Commune de Meyrin important theoretical physics results of Frank Wilczek. inaugurated the “Esplanade des Particules”, an open space focused on welcoming visitors and the public to the European lab. Global Neutrino Network dissertation prize announced This large public space, which connects CERN’s reception building to the Globe of Science and Innovation, was designed Gary Binder from the Colorado School of with pedestrians and sustainable transport Mines and Lew Classen from the University in mind. According to landscape architects of Münster have won the 2018 Global StranskyD Studio Paolo Bürgi of Ticino, “The Neutrino Network (GNN) dissertation esplanade puts everything on the same prize. The annual award distinguishes level, like a slab resting on the ground, with
young researchers who have written Colorado School of Mines the aim of marking out a completely new an outstanding thesis and contributed space. A simple surface, enriched by brass significantly to GNN, an association of inserts, evokes the vectorial shape of a major neutrino telescopes such as IceCube magnetic field.” dedicated to increasing communication During the ceremony, the flags of between the experiments. CERN’s 22 Member States were raised on Primary criteria of the selection are the the new esplanade for the first time. scientific quality, the didactics and the CERN’s new official address is now The newly inaugurated Esplanade des Particules. form of the thesis. Binder was recognised GNN award winners for 2018: Gary Binder (left) and Lew Classen (right). 1 Esplanade des Particules. for his thesis “Measurements of the flavour “The Esplanade des Particules is the and symbolises CERN’s desire to become construction of the Science Gateway, a new composition and inelasticity distribution University of California at Berkeley. Classen the IceCube-Gen2 neutrino telescope”, crowning achievement of the very fruitful ever more open to the world,” said Fabiola centre for communicating science to the of high-energy neutrino interactions won with a thesis titled “The mDOM – a which was completed at the University of collaboration between CERN, the État Gianotti, CERN Director-General. “It general public and for encounters between in IceCube”, which he conducted at the multi-PMT digital optical module for Erlangen-Nürnberg. de Genève and the Commune de Meyrin, will also form a magnificent setting for the CERN’s scientists and visitors.”
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CCNov18_Faces&Places_v4.indd 36 19/10/2018 14:28 CCNov18_Faces&Places_v4.indd 37 19/10/2018 14:29 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 8 N u m b e r 9 N o v e m b e r 2 0 1 8 CERN Courier November 2018 CERN Courier November 2018 Faces & Places Faces & Places
A w A r d s Bell Burnell to donate $3m Breakthrough Prize Architecture prize for former artists in residence Architects Matias del Campo and Sandra D Hartely/Shutterstock Jocelyn Bell Burnell has been awarded a Breakthrough prizes awarded through the Manninger, who were artists in residence at Special Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental annual nomination process. “Jocelyn Bell CERN in 2016 through the Arts at CERN Physics for her 1967 discovery of pulsars Burnell’s discovery of pulsars will always project with support from the Department and a lifetime of inspiring leadership in stand as one of the great surprises in the of Arts of the Federal Chancellery of the scientific community. Bell Burnell, history of astronomy,” said Edward Witten, Austria, have received the prestigious 2018 currently a visiting professor of astrophysics the chair of the selection committee. “Until Studio Prize by the American Institute of at the University of Oxford and chancellor that moment, no one had any real idea how Architects (AIA). Del Campo, Manninger, of the University of Dundee, will donate the neutron stars could be observed, if indeed along with thesis students of the Taubman $3m prize money to create a fund to support they existed. Suddenly it turned out that College of Architecture + Urban Planning at greater diversity for women and people nature has provided an incredibly precise way the University of Michigan in the US, were from ethnic minorities. The money will to observe these objects, something that has recognised for their ideas for a new visitor be given to the UK Institute of Physics led to many later advances.” centre at CERN for the proposed Future to support graduate students from Bell Burnell is the fourth to be awarded the Circular Collider (FCC). under-represented groups. special prize. Previous winners are the late The AIA Studio Prize recognises A Special Breakthrough Prize in Stephen Hawking, seven CERN scientists thoughtful, innovative and ethical projects at Fundamental Physics can be awarded by whose leadership led to the discovery accredited architecture schools in the US and the selection committee at any time in of the Higgs boson, and the LIGO and Canada, and awards a cash sum of $25,000. Del recognition of an extraordinary scientific Virgo collaborations for the detection of Campo and colleagues’ studio was selected by achievement, and in addition to the regular Prize winner Jocelyn Bell Burnell. gravitational waves. this year’s jury as one of the most compelling studios in US architectural education today. Prange award recipient Juan Maldacena. In one of the studio’s ideas for the visitor Prange award goes centre (pictured), students Sung-Su Kim,
A Kane/IAS the past 30 years, and has remained a topic Yongjoon Kim and Nathan Wesseldyk to Juan Maldacena of great fundamental interest in particle looked at pattern “as a means of physics, string theory, gravity, nuclear understanding and conveying how multiple physics and condensed-matter physics. complex systems can be overlaid to find One of the ideas for a visitor centre for FCC. (Image credit: Sung-Su Kim, Yongjoon Kim, Juan Maldacena of the Institute for With more than 10,000 citations, the paper moments of interaction”. Nathan Wesseldyk, Taubman College of Architecture + Urban Planning.) Advanced Study in Princeton, US, is the describing the result is among the most cited 2018 recipient of the Richard E Prange papers in all of science over the past 20 years. E v E n t s Prize and Lectureship in Condensed Matter Established by the University of Maryland Theory and Related Areas. Maldacena is (UMD), the prize, which carries a $10,000 recognised for his 1997 theoretical discovery honorarium, honours the late Richard E New entrance welcomes the world to CERN
of a deep connection between gauge theories Prange, whose distinguished career at UMD CERN-PHOTO-201809-249-2 and quantum gravity. Known as AdS/ spanned four decades. Previous winners On 28 September, CERN, the État de CFT duality, the connection is one of most include Philip W Anderson, David Gross and Genève and the Commune de Meyrin important theoretical physics results of Frank Wilczek. inaugurated the “Esplanade des Particules”, an open space focused on welcoming visitors and the public to the European lab. Global Neutrino Network dissertation prize announced This large public space, which connects CERN’s reception building to the Globe of Science and Innovation, was designed Gary Binder from the Colorado School of with pedestrians and sustainable transport Mines and Lew Classen from the University in mind. According to landscape architects of Münster have won the 2018 Global StranskyD Studio Paolo Bürgi of Ticino, “The Neutrino Network (GNN) dissertation esplanade puts everything on the same prize. The annual award distinguishes level, like a slab resting on the ground, with
young researchers who have written Colorado School of Mines the aim of marking out a completely new an outstanding thesis and contributed space. A simple surface, enriched by brass significantly to GNN, an association of inserts, evokes the vectorial shape of a major neutrino telescopes such as IceCube magnetic field.” dedicated to increasing communication During the ceremony, the flags of between the experiments. CERN’s 22 Member States were raised on Primary criteria of the selection are the the new esplanade for the first time. scientific quality, the didactics and the CERN’s new official address is now The newly inaugurated Esplanade des Particules. form of the thesis. Binder was recognised GNN award winners for 2018: Gary Binder (left) and Lew Classen (right). 1 Esplanade des Particules. for his thesis “Measurements of the flavour “The Esplanade des Particules is the and symbolises CERN’s desire to become construction of the Science Gateway, a new composition and inelasticity distribution University of California at Berkeley. Classen the IceCube-Gen2 neutrino telescope”, crowning achievement of the very fruitful ever more open to the world,” said Fabiola centre for communicating science to the of high-energy neutrino interactions won with a thesis titled “The mDOM – a which was completed at the University of collaboration between CERN, the État Gianotti, CERN Director-General. “It general public and for encounters between in IceCube”, which he conducted at the multi-PMT digital optical module for Erlangen-Nürnberg. de Genève and the Commune de Meyrin, will also form a magnificent setting for the CERN’s scientists and visitors.”
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CCNov18_Faces&Places_v4.indd 36 19/10/2018 14:28 CCNov18_Faces&Places_v4.indd 37 19/10/2018 14:29 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 8 N u m b e r 9 N o v e m b e r 2 0 1 8 CERN Courier CERN Courier November 2018 November 2018 Ultra High Performance Faces & Places Faces & Places Silicon Drift Detector M e e t i n g s ROOT’s renovation takes centre FAST SDD® Particle physics meets astrophysics and gravity Count Rate = >1,000,000 CPS N Gulitskiy The 7th International Conference on New stage at Sarajevo meeting The True State-of-the-Art Frontiers in Physics (ICNFP 2018) took place on 4–12 July in Kolymbari, Crete, Greece, • New in-house manufacturing bringing together about 250 participants. • Lower noise
The opening talk was given by Slava RademakersF • Lower leakage current Mukhanov and was dedicated to Stephen Hawking. To mention some of the five • Better charge collection special sessions featured, the memorial session of Lev Lipatov, a leading figure Compatible with EPICS tools & libraries worldwide in the high-energy behaviour of 2 55 quantum field theory (seeCERN Courier 25 mm FAST SDD® Fe Spectrum 25 mm2 FAST SDD® January/February 2018 p50), the session on 800,000 230K, Tpk = 8 µs 1,000,000 quantum chromodynamics and the round Peak to 1 keV background Mn Kα 26,000:1 100,000 Mn Kβ table on the future of fundamental physics The ICNFP 2018 participants. 600,000 chaired by Albert de Roeck, saw a high The participants of the ROOT workshop held in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 10,000
number of attendees. Yakir Aharonov gave a keynote lecture on low-energy heavy-ion accelerator centres COUNTS Alongside the main conference sessions, novel conceptual and practical applications FAIR in Darmstadt, Germany, and NICA The 11th ROOT Users’ Workshop was held discussed ways to make large-scale software 400,000 122 eV FWHM 1,000 there were 10 workshops. Among these, the of so-called weak values and weak at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research on 10–13 September in Sarajevo, Bosnia and projects written in C++, the language for 100 one on heavy neutral leptons highlighted novel measurements, showing that they lead to many in Dubna, Russia, were also discussed, Herzegovina, at the Academy of Science number-crunching code in high-energy 200,000 10 mechanisms for producing sterile-neutrino interesting hitherto-unnoticed phenomena. particularly in the workshop on physics at and Arts: an exceptional setting that also and nuclear physics (HENP), simpler, 0 1 dark matter and prospects for future searches The latter include, for instance, a “separation” FAIR-NICA-SPS-BES/RHIC accelerator provided an opportunity to involve Bosnia faster and safer; and Sylvain Corlay from 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 of such dark matter with the next generation of a particle from its physical variables (such facilities. Here new ideas as well as overview and Herzegovina in CERN’s activities. Quantstack showed novel ways to tackle Energy (keV) of space-based X-ray telescopes, including as its spin), emergent correlations between talks on current and future experiments on The SoFTware Development for numerical analysis with multidimensional Resolution vs Peaking Time 180180 Spektr-RG, Hitomi and Athena+. remote parties defying fundamental classical the formation and exploration of baryon-rich Experiments group in the experimental array expressions. These speakers said they 25 mm2 The workshop on instrumentation concepts, and a completely top-down matter in heavy-ion collisions were presented. physics department at CERN drives enjoyed the workshop and plan to come to 170170 and methods in high-energy physics hierarchical structure in quantum mechanics, The MoEDAL collaboration at CERN, the development of ROOT, a modular CERN to extend the collaboration. ) V
e 160160 Standard SDD k focused on the latest developments and the which stands in contrast to the concept of which searches for highly ionising software toolkit for processing, analysing ROOT’s renovation was the workshop’s 9 . 5
performance of complex detector systems, reductionism. As exemplified in the talk messengers of new physics such as magnetic and visualising scientific data. ROOT is main theme. To be at the bleeding edge @ 150150 ®
M FAST SDD including triggering, data acquisition and of Avshalom Elitzur, the latter could be monopoles, organised a mini-workshop also a means to read and write data: LHC of software technology, ROOT – which H W F
V 140140 signal-control systems, with an emphasis explained using self-cancelling pairs of on highly ionising avatars of new physics. experiments alone produced about 1 exabyte has been the cornerstone of virtually all ( e
n o
on large-scale facilities in nuclear physics, positive and negative weak values. The workshop provided a forum for of data stored in the ROOT file format. HENP software stacks for two decades – is ti u l 130
o 130 s
particle physics and astrophysics. This Sandu Popescu, Pawel Horodecki, Marek experimentalists and phenomenologists Thousands of high-energy physicists use undergoing an intense upgrade of its key Resolution (eV FWHM @ 5.9 keV) R e programme attracted many participants and Czachor and Eliahu Cohen presented to meet, discuss and expand this discovery ROOT daily to produce scientific results. For components. This effort represents an 120120 0.000 1 1.0 0 2 .20 0 3 .300 4 4.0 0 5 .500 Peaking Time (μs) led to the exchange of scientific information many new phenomena involving quantum frontier. The latest results from the ATLAS, the ROOT team, this is a big responsibility, exciting time for physicists and software Peaking Time (µs) between different physics communities. nonlocality in space and time, which CMS, MoEDAL and IceCube experiments especially considering the challenges Run 3 developers. In the event, ROOT users The workshop on new physics paradigms open new avenues for extensive research. were presented, and some important at the LHC and the High Luminosity LHC expressed their appreciation of the effort to Options: after the Higgs-boson and gravitational-wave Ebrahim Karimi discussed various developments in theory and phenomenology (HL-LHC) pose to all of us. Luckily, we make it easier to use and faster on modern discoveries provided an opportunity both to applications of structured quantum waves were introduced for the first time. Highlights can rely on a lively user community, whose computer architectures, with the sole • 25 mm2 active area collimated to 17 mm2 review results from searches for gravitational carrying orbital angular momentum (either of the workshop included monopole contribution is so useful that, periodically, objective of reducing the time interval • 70 mm2 collimated to 50 mm2 waves and to show plans for future photons or massive particles) and also production via photon fusion at colliders, a ROOT users’ workshop is organised. The between data delivery and the presentation • Windows: Be (0.5 mil) 12.5 µm, or precision measurements of Standard Model discussed how to manipulate the topology searches for heavy neutral leptons and other event’s objective is to gather together the of plots. C Series (Si3N4) parameters at the LHC. of optical polarisation knots. Onur Hosten long-lived particles at the LHC, regularised ROOT community of users and developers In particular, the spotlight was on the The workshop also featured several emphasised the importance of cold atoms Kalb–Ramond monopoles with finite energy, to collect criticism, praise and suggestions: modernisation of the I/O subsystem, crucial • TO-8 package fits all Amptek configurations theory talks covering a wide range of for quantum metrology. and monopole detection techniques using a unique occasion to shape the future of the for the future LHC physics programme; • Vacuum applications subjects, including the implementation of The workshop also featured many solid-state and Timepix detectors. ROOT project. ROOT’s parallelisation, a prerequisite to supersymmetry breaking in string theory, new excellent talks discussing the intriguing Finally, on the education and outreach More than 100 people attended this face Run 3 and HL-LHC analyses; as well developments in early-universe cosmology relations between quantum information front, Despina Hatzifotiadou gave LHC year’s workshop, a 30% increase from 2015, as on new graphics, multivariate tools and and beyond-Standard Model physics. ICNFP and condensed-matter physics or quantum “masterclasses” in collaboration with EKFE making the event a success. What’s more, an interface to the Python language, which 2018 also saw the first workshop on frontiers optics. Some connections with quantum (the laboratory centre for physical sciences) the diversity of the attendees – students, are all elements of prime importance for in gravitation, astrophysics and cosmology, gravity, based on entanglement, complexity to 30 high-school students and teachers, analysis physicists, software experts and scientists’ everyday work. which strengthened the Asian presence at and quantum thermodynamics, were also who had the opportunity to analyse data framework developers – brought different The participants’ feedback was ICNFP, gathering many participants from the discussed. Another topic presented was from the ALICE experiment and “observe” levels of expertise to the event. The workshop enthusiastic, the atmosphere was positive, Asia Pacific region. the comparison between the role of spin strangeness enhancement in relativistic featured 69 contributions as well as and the criticism received was constructive For the second time in the ICNFP series, and polarisation in high-energy physics heavy-ion collisions. engaging discussions. Software companies and fruitful for the ROOT team. We thank 40 Years of a workshop on quantum information and and quantum optics. In both of these fields, The next ICNFP conference will take participated, with three invited contributions: the participating physicists and computer Products for Your Imagination quantum foundations took place, with one should consider the total angular place on 21–30 August 2019 in Kolymbari, Peter Müßig from SAP presented OpenUI5, scientists: we appreciated your engagement the aim of promoting discussions and momentum, not the spin alone, and helicity is Crete, Greece. the core of the SAP javascript framework and are looking forward to organising the ® AMPTEK Inc. collaborations between theorists and a very helpful concept in both, too. ● Larissa Bravina, Dmitry Gorbunov and that will be used for ROOT’s graphical user next ROOT workshop. [email protected] experimentalists working on these topics. Future accelerator facilities such as the Sonia Kabana. interface; Chandler Carruth from Google ● Danilo Piparo for the ROOT team. www.amptek.com
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CCNov18_Faces&Places_v4.indd 38 19/10/2018 14:30 CCNov18_Faces&Places_v4.indd 39 19/10/2018 14:31 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 8 N u m b e r 9 N o v e m b e r 2 0 1 8 CERN Courier CERN Courier November 2018 November 2018 Ultra High Performance Faces & Places Faces & Places Silicon Drift Detector M e e t i n g s ROOT’s renovation takes centre FAST SDD® Particle physics meets astrophysics and gravity Count Rate = >1,000,000 CPS N Gulitskiy The 7th International Conference on New stage at Sarajevo meeting The True State-of-the-Art Frontiers in Physics (ICNFP 2018) took place on 4–12 July in Kolymbari, Crete, Greece, • New in-house manufacturing bringing together about 250 participants. • Lower noise
The opening talk was given by Slava RademakersF • Lower leakage current Mukhanov and was dedicated to Stephen Hawking. To mention some of the five • Better charge collection special sessions featured, the memorial session of Lev Lipatov, a leading figure Compatible with EPICS tools & libraries worldwide in the high-energy behaviour of 2 55 quantum field theory (seeCERN Courier 25 mm FAST SDD® Fe Spectrum 25 mm2 FAST SDD® January/February 2018 p50), the session on 800,000 230K, Tpk = 8 µs 1,000,000 quantum chromodynamics and the round Peak to 1 keV background Mn Kα 26,000:1 100,000 Mn Kβ table on the future of fundamental physics The ICNFP 2018 participants. 600,000 chaired by Albert de Roeck, saw a high The participants of the ROOT workshop held in Bosnia and Herzegovina. 10,000
number of attendees. Yakir Aharonov gave a keynote lecture on low-energy heavy-ion accelerator centres COUNTS Alongside the main conference sessions, novel conceptual and practical applications FAIR in Darmstadt, Germany, and NICA The 11th ROOT Users’ Workshop was held discussed ways to make large-scale software 400,000 122 eV FWHM 1,000 there were 10 workshops. Among these, the of so-called weak values and weak at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research on 10–13 September in Sarajevo, Bosnia and projects written in C++, the language for 100 one on heavy neutral leptons highlighted novel measurements, showing that they lead to many in Dubna, Russia, were also discussed, Herzegovina, at the Academy of Science number-crunching code in high-energy 200,000 10 mechanisms for producing sterile-neutrino interesting hitherto-unnoticed phenomena. particularly in the workshop on physics at and Arts: an exceptional setting that also and nuclear physics (HENP), simpler, 0 1 dark matter and prospects for future searches The latter include, for instance, a “separation” FAIR-NICA-SPS-BES/RHIC accelerator provided an opportunity to involve Bosnia faster and safer; and Sylvain Corlay from 0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 of such dark matter with the next generation of a particle from its physical variables (such facilities. Here new ideas as well as overview and Herzegovina in CERN’s activities. Quantstack showed novel ways to tackle Energy (keV) of space-based X-ray telescopes, including as its spin), emergent correlations between talks on current and future experiments on The SoFTware Development for numerical analysis with multidimensional Resolution vs Peaking Time 180180 Spektr-RG, Hitomi and Athena+. remote parties defying fundamental classical the formation and exploration of baryon-rich Experiments group in the experimental array expressions. These speakers said they 25 mm2 The workshop on instrumentation concepts, and a completely top-down matter in heavy-ion collisions were presented. physics department at CERN drives enjoyed the workshop and plan to come to 170170 and methods in high-energy physics hierarchical structure in quantum mechanics, The MoEDAL collaboration at CERN, the development of ROOT, a modular CERN to extend the collaboration. ) V
e 160160 Standard SDD k focused on the latest developments and the which stands in contrast to the concept of which searches for highly ionising software toolkit for processing, analysing ROOT’s renovation was the workshop’s 9 . 5
performance of complex detector systems, reductionism. As exemplified in the talk messengers of new physics such as magnetic and visualising scientific data. ROOT is main theme. To be at the bleeding edge @ 150150 ®
M FAST SDD including triggering, data acquisition and of Avshalom Elitzur, the latter could be monopoles, organised a mini-workshop also a means to read and write data: LHC of software technology, ROOT – which H W F
V 140140 signal-control systems, with an emphasis explained using self-cancelling pairs of on highly ionising avatars of new physics. experiments alone produced about 1 exabyte has been the cornerstone of virtually all ( e
n o
on large-scale facilities in nuclear physics, positive and negative weak values. The workshop provided a forum for of data stored in the ROOT file format. HENP software stacks for two decades – is ti u l 130
o 130 s
particle physics and astrophysics. This Sandu Popescu, Pawel Horodecki, Marek experimentalists and phenomenologists Thousands of high-energy physicists use undergoing an intense upgrade of its key Resolution (eV FWHM @ 5.9 keV) R e programme attracted many participants and Czachor and Eliahu Cohen presented to meet, discuss and expand this discovery ROOT daily to produce scientific results. For components. This effort represents an 120120 0.000 1 1.0 0 2 .20 0 3 .300 4 4.0 0 5 .500 Peaking Time (μs) led to the exchange of scientific information many new phenomena involving quantum frontier. The latest results from the ATLAS, the ROOT team, this is a big responsibility, exciting time for physicists and software Peaking Time (µs) between different physics communities. nonlocality in space and time, which CMS, MoEDAL and IceCube experiments especially considering the challenges Run 3 developers. In the event, ROOT users The workshop on new physics paradigms open new avenues for extensive research. were presented, and some important at the LHC and the High Luminosity LHC expressed their appreciation of the effort to Options: after the Higgs-boson and gravitational-wave Ebrahim Karimi discussed various developments in theory and phenomenology (HL-LHC) pose to all of us. Luckily, we make it easier to use and faster on modern discoveries provided an opportunity both to applications of structured quantum waves were introduced for the first time. Highlights can rely on a lively user community, whose computer architectures, with the sole • 25 mm2 active area collimated to 17 mm2 review results from searches for gravitational carrying orbital angular momentum (either of the workshop included monopole contribution is so useful that, periodically, objective of reducing the time interval • 70 mm2 collimated to 50 mm2 waves and to show plans for future photons or massive particles) and also production via photon fusion at colliders, a ROOT users’ workshop is organised. The between data delivery and the presentation • Windows: Be (0.5 mil) 12.5 µm, or precision measurements of Standard Model discussed how to manipulate the topology searches for heavy neutral leptons and other event’s objective is to gather together the of plots. C Series (Si3N4) parameters at the LHC. of optical polarisation knots. Onur Hosten long-lived particles at the LHC, regularised ROOT community of users and developers In particular, the spotlight was on the The workshop also featured several emphasised the importance of cold atoms Kalb–Ramond monopoles with finite energy, to collect criticism, praise and suggestions: modernisation of the I/O subsystem, crucial • TO-8 package fits all Amptek configurations theory talks covering a wide range of for quantum metrology. and monopole detection techniques using a unique occasion to shape the future of the for the future LHC physics programme; • Vacuum applications subjects, including the implementation of The workshop also featured many solid-state and Timepix detectors. ROOT project. ROOT’s parallelisation, a prerequisite to supersymmetry breaking in string theory, new excellent talks discussing the intriguing Finally, on the education and outreach More than 100 people attended this face Run 3 and HL-LHC analyses; as well developments in early-universe cosmology relations between quantum information front, Despina Hatzifotiadou gave LHC year’s workshop, a 30% increase from 2015, as on new graphics, multivariate tools and and beyond-Standard Model physics. ICNFP and condensed-matter physics or quantum “masterclasses” in collaboration with EKFE making the event a success. What’s more, an interface to the Python language, which 2018 also saw the first workshop on frontiers optics. Some connections with quantum (the laboratory centre for physical sciences) the diversity of the attendees – students, are all elements of prime importance for in gravitation, astrophysics and cosmology, gravity, based on entanglement, complexity to 30 high-school students and teachers, analysis physicists, software experts and scientists’ everyday work. which strengthened the Asian presence at and quantum thermodynamics, were also who had the opportunity to analyse data framework developers – brought different The participants’ feedback was ICNFP, gathering many participants from the discussed. Another topic presented was from the ALICE experiment and “observe” levels of expertise to the event. The workshop enthusiastic, the atmosphere was positive, Asia Pacific region. the comparison between the role of spin strangeness enhancement in relativistic featured 69 contributions as well as and the criticism received was constructive For the second time in the ICNFP series, and polarisation in high-energy physics heavy-ion collisions. engaging discussions. Software companies and fruitful for the ROOT team. We thank 40 Years of a workshop on quantum information and and quantum optics. In both of these fields, The next ICNFP conference will take participated, with three invited contributions: the participating physicists and computer Products for Your Imagination quantum foundations took place, with one should consider the total angular place on 21–30 August 2019 in Kolymbari, Peter Müßig from SAP presented OpenUI5, scientists: we appreciated your engagement the aim of promoting discussions and momentum, not the spin alone, and helicity is Crete, Greece. the core of the SAP javascript framework and are looking forward to organising the ® AMPTEK Inc. collaborations between theorists and a very helpful concept in both, too. ● Larissa Bravina, Dmitry Gorbunov and that will be used for ROOT’s graphical user next ROOT workshop. [email protected] experimentalists working on these topics. Future accelerator facilities such as the Sonia Kabana. interface; Chandler Carruth from Google ● Danilo Piparo for the ROOT team. www.amptek.com
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O b i t u a r i e s Burton Richter 1931–2018 Georges Dôme 1928–2018 SLAC Burton Richter, a major figure in particle of turning the 3.2 km linear accelerator Georges Dôme, who had a long, productive was critical for beam lifetime in the proton– physics who shared the Nobel Prize for the at SLAC into a linear electron–positron and distinguished career at CERN antiproton collider. co-discovery of the J/ψ meson, passed collider. Construction of the SLAC Linear dedicated to the study of accelerating In the 1990s, Georges was asked by away on 18 July in Palo Alto, California, Collider (SLC) began in 1983, and Richter radio-frequency (RF) structures and their Vittorio Vaccaro from the University of at the age of 87. became director of SLAC the following interaction with particle beams, passed Naples in Italy to review a paper on the Born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1931, year, until stepping down in 1999. During away on 27 June. coupling impedance of a circular iris, a Richter’s love of science began with the that time, he oversaw the construction of A physicist and mathematician, Dôme subject that had long interested Georges. nightly blackouts during World War II, the SLC, the only linear electron–positron arrived at CERN in the early 1960s from This triggered 20 pages of Georges’ closely which revealed an unparalleled view of the collider yet to be built, and led the way to the École Royale Militaire, Brussels, via the spaced, small-character calculations and night sky. other machines for photon science. While SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in a fruitful collaboration on wakefields and He studied physics at the Massachusetts SLAC director, Richter also initiated the US, where for 18 months he attacked the impedance with members of the University Institute of Technology (MIT), where he was interregional collaborations with DESY problems that would be his lifelong interest. of Naples. introduced to the electron–positron system in Germany and KEK in Japan, and was His initial work at CERN concerned Georges studied a subject in depth by Martin Deutsch, who was conducting a proponent of bringing into existence a the theoretical studies of accelerating and was a precise and meticulous classical positronium experiments. He high-energy linear collider as a global RF structures for the 300 GeV linac mathematician with a strong love for Bessel wrote his thesis on the quadratic Zeeman collaboration. project, in the process contributing to the functions. He was always willing to go effect in hydrogen and completed his PhD in “Perhaps his greatest contribution as development of numerical computations of over a piece of work for his colleagues, 1956 on the photoproduction of pi-mesons director was, in the 1990s, designing a future magnetic-field distributions. but this could be a daunting prospect. It from hydrogen. for SLAC that would look very different With the advent of the Super Proton would come back annotated in blue pencil, That year, Richter moved to Stanford from the past,” said Stanford Provost Persis Synchrotron (SPS) project, he joined every inherent inaccuracy revealed by University’s high-energy physics laboratory Drell, who served as SLAC director from the team of Clemens Zettler, who was his rigorous, uncompromising approach. as a research associate. In 1960, he became an 2007 to 2012. “He recognised that pursuing responsible for building the accelerating This, of course, was splendid – you knew it assistant professor of physics, then associate Richter was an expert in accelerator and an X-ray free-electron laser at SLAC systems of the new machine. Georges was now perfect – and his unfailing good professor in 1963 and professor in 1967. experimental physics. could be used to provide a revolutionary derived the formulae to describe and use the Physicist and mathematician Georges Dôme humour and willingness to help made this During this time, Richter married his wife, science opportunity to the photon science accelerating structures, which are still the had a distinguished career at CERN. process very easy. Laurose, and had two children, Elizabeth hosted by Pierre Darriulat and worked on community, who use X-rays as their tool for workhorse of the SPS machine today. He Georges was a fine mentor, looking after and Matthew. By 1970, Richter’s talents in adding a muon spectrometer arm to the R702 discovery. This vision became the Linac was in charge of the detailed measurements intensity. His work has been essential in his students and both his younger, and older, experimental particle physics and accelerator experiment. Richter also worked out the Coherent Light Source. Burt recognised of the structures, specified the precision ensuring that the high-intensity beams colleagues. His body of work, supplemented physics led to the Stanford Positron-Electron general energy-scaling laws for high-energy that outstanding science needed to drive the machining of the many drift tubes to fix for the LHC and the SPS fixed-target by the excellent RF lectures he gave at the Asymmetric Ring (SPEAR) at the Stanford electron–positron colliding-beam storage future of the institution, and he did not flinch the central operating frequency of the experimental programme are available CERN accelerator schools, is a reference for Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). rings, looking specifically at the parameters from designing that future.” structures, and also identified and measured and that the future LHC Injectors Upgrade accelerator physicists, and he continued this It included a groundbreaking type of of a collider with a centre-of-mass energy When he stepped down as SLAC the higher-order frequency modes whose (LIU) project is possible. work for many years after his retirement. He general-purpose detector that has been used in the range 100–200 GeV, arguing that director, Richter focused on public policy impedance can destroy the particle beams. The SPS is a very versatile machine was also a lifelong friend of and supporter in particle colliders ever since, and it would such a machine would be required to better issues in science and energy, for which Different antennas and probes were then and its RF group has had to study and of the CERN library. eventually produce his biggest discovery. understand the relationship between the he received the prestigious 2007 Philip designed to render these modes harmless. solve many varied problems to follow Georges was in every way a gentleman, After Richter secured funding for SPEAR weak and electromagnetic interactions: Hauge Abelson Prize from the American Georges also designed the structure of the different requirements. Georges quiet and courteous, always interesting to in 1970, it took him just 27 months to build “That study turned into the first-order design Association for the Advancement of Science. the SPS higher-harmonic cavity, another made important contributions on many talk to – a good person to find at a gathering. the accelerator, at a cost of $6 million. of the 27 km-circumference LEP project at In 2010, he published Beyond Smoke and component necessary in the struggle to occasions, for example to the studies of We will miss him. Experiments commenced in 1973 and, CERN that was so brilliantly brought into Mirrors: Climate Change and Energy in stabilise the beams of ever increasing particle diffusion due to RF noise, which ● His friends and colleagues. famously, in November 1974, SPEAR flushed being by the CERN staff in the 1980s,” he the 21st Century, an apolitical layperson’s out what the SLAC team dubbed the “psi” wrote in his Nobel biography. exploration of the facts of climate and meson – a bound state of two charm quarks. His influential paper “Very High Energy energy. Among his many accolades, Richter Simultaneously, at Brookhaven National Electron–Positron Colliding Beams for received the US National Medal of Science, Laboratory on the other side of the continent, the Study of the Weak Interactions” (Nucl. the nation’s highest scientific honour, in Hans Paar 1944–2018 Sam Ting and his group had spotted the Instrum. Methods 136 47) was followed by 2014; the Enrico Fermi Award in 2012; and same resonance, which they christened the two detailed studies: one concerning the the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award in 1976. “J”. Just two years later, Richter and Ting physics, published in November 1976 as “In my career I have met no one who has Hans Paar, emeritus professor of physics Paar started his particle-physics career the Dutch National Institute for shared the 1976 Nobel Prize in Physics for CERN Yellow Report 76-18, of which Burt made more fundamental contributions in at the University of California, San Diego at Columbia University in the US, where he Subatomic Physics, that worked on the their pioneering discovery of the J/ψ, which was a co-author, and an accelerator study electron–positron and electron–electron (UCSD), passed away on 17 June after a worked with Leon Lederman on one of the TPC/2γ experiment at the SLAC proved the existence of a fourth type of headed by Kjell Johnsen. “Burt’s paper colliders, in the precision instrumentation short illness. Paar was initially trained first experiments at Fermilab (E70). After National Accelerator Laboratory in the quark (charm). It was a major step towards and his personal advocacy of high-energy used in colliders and in experimental at Delft University of Technology in his completing his PhD thesis on this project, US, and he quickly became one of the the establishment of the Standard Model of electron–positron collision triggered interest physics,” says Ting. “After we received native country of the Netherlands. This he relocated to Europe to work as a CERN leaders of the collaboration that carried particle physics. at CERN, and had a powerful impact on the the Nobel Prize together in 1976, I met engineering background served him well fellow with another Nobel Laureate, Jack out this experiment. His visibility at SLAC Before he received the Nobel Prize, in 1975 development of the Laboratory, also paving him many times and we became good throughout his career, allowing him to Steinberger, on WA1, the first experiment led to an offer from the UCSD, which he Richter began a sabbatical year at CERN, the way for the LHC and the discovery of the friends. My wife, Susan, and I are going to take on important tasks in the design, with the high-energy neutrino beam of then joined as a faculty member in 1986 during which he pursued an experiment at Higgs boson,” says CERN’s John Ellis. miss him deeply.” construction and testing of equipment in the newly commissioned Super Proton and where he remained for the rest of CERN’s Intersecting Storage Rings (ISR) In 1978, along with others at SLAC, ● His friends and colleagues at CERN, all the particle-physics experiments he Synchrotron (SPS). his career. – the world’s first hadron collider. He was Richter began to investigate the possibility with additional input from Stanford News Service. participated in. In 1978, Paar joined a team at NIKHEF, Paar was an internationally recognised
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O b i t u a r i e s Burton Richter 1931–2018 Georges Dôme 1928–2018 SLAC Burton Richter, a major figure in particle of turning the 3.2 km linear accelerator Georges Dôme, who had a long, productive was critical for beam lifetime in the proton– physics who shared the Nobel Prize for the at SLAC into a linear electron–positron and distinguished career at CERN antiproton collider. co-discovery of the J/ψ meson, passed collider. Construction of the SLAC Linear dedicated to the study of accelerating In the 1990s, Georges was asked by away on 18 July in Palo Alto, California, Collider (SLC) began in 1983, and Richter radio-frequency (RF) structures and their Vittorio Vaccaro from the University of at the age of 87. became director of SLAC the following interaction with particle beams, passed Naples in Italy to review a paper on the Born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1931, year, until stepping down in 1999. During away on 27 June. coupling impedance of a circular iris, a Richter’s love of science began with the that time, he oversaw the construction of A physicist and mathematician, Dôme subject that had long interested Georges. nightly blackouts during World War II, the SLC, the only linear electron–positron arrived at CERN in the early 1960s from This triggered 20 pages of Georges’ closely which revealed an unparalleled view of the collider yet to be built, and led the way to the École Royale Militaire, Brussels, via the spaced, small-character calculations and night sky. other machines for photon science. While SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in a fruitful collaboration on wakefields and He studied physics at the Massachusetts SLAC director, Richter also initiated the US, where for 18 months he attacked the impedance with members of the University Institute of Technology (MIT), where he was interregional collaborations with DESY problems that would be his lifelong interest. of Naples. introduced to the electron–positron system in Germany and KEK in Japan, and was His initial work at CERN concerned Georges studied a subject in depth by Martin Deutsch, who was conducting a proponent of bringing into existence a the theoretical studies of accelerating and was a precise and meticulous classical positronium experiments. He high-energy linear collider as a global RF structures for the 300 GeV linac mathematician with a strong love for Bessel wrote his thesis on the quadratic Zeeman collaboration. project, in the process contributing to the functions. He was always willing to go effect in hydrogen and completed his PhD in “Perhaps his greatest contribution as development of numerical computations of over a piece of work for his colleagues, 1956 on the photoproduction of pi-mesons director was, in the 1990s, designing a future magnetic-field distributions. but this could be a daunting prospect. It from hydrogen. for SLAC that would look very different With the advent of the Super Proton would come back annotated in blue pencil, That year, Richter moved to Stanford from the past,” said Stanford Provost Persis Synchrotron (SPS) project, he joined every inherent inaccuracy revealed by University’s high-energy physics laboratory Drell, who served as SLAC director from the team of Clemens Zettler, who was his rigorous, uncompromising approach. as a research associate. In 1960, he became an 2007 to 2012. “He recognised that pursuing responsible for building the accelerating This, of course, was splendid – you knew it assistant professor of physics, then associate Richter was an expert in accelerator and an X-ray free-electron laser at SLAC systems of the new machine. Georges was now perfect – and his unfailing good professor in 1963 and professor in 1967. experimental physics. could be used to provide a revolutionary derived the formulae to describe and use the Physicist and mathematician Georges Dôme humour and willingness to help made this During this time, Richter married his wife, science opportunity to the photon science accelerating structures, which are still the had a distinguished career at CERN. process very easy. Laurose, and had two children, Elizabeth hosted by Pierre Darriulat and worked on community, who use X-rays as their tool for workhorse of the SPS machine today. He Georges was a fine mentor, looking after and Matthew. By 1970, Richter’s talents in adding a muon spectrometer arm to the R702 discovery. This vision became the Linac was in charge of the detailed measurements intensity. His work has been essential in his students and both his younger, and older, experimental particle physics and accelerator experiment. Richter also worked out the Coherent Light Source. Burt recognised of the structures, specified the precision ensuring that the high-intensity beams colleagues. His body of work, supplemented physics led to the Stanford Positron-Electron general energy-scaling laws for high-energy that outstanding science needed to drive the machining of the many drift tubes to fix for the LHC and the SPS fixed-target by the excellent RF lectures he gave at the Asymmetric Ring (SPEAR) at the Stanford electron–positron colliding-beam storage future of the institution, and he did not flinch the central operating frequency of the experimental programme are available CERN accelerator schools, is a reference for Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC). rings, looking specifically at the parameters from designing that future.” structures, and also identified and measured and that the future LHC Injectors Upgrade accelerator physicists, and he continued this It included a groundbreaking type of of a collider with a centre-of-mass energy When he stepped down as SLAC the higher-order frequency modes whose (LIU) project is possible. work for many years after his retirement. He general-purpose detector that has been used in the range 100–200 GeV, arguing that director, Richter focused on public policy impedance can destroy the particle beams. The SPS is a very versatile machine was also a lifelong friend of and supporter in particle colliders ever since, and it would such a machine would be required to better issues in science and energy, for which Different antennas and probes were then and its RF group has had to study and of the CERN library. eventually produce his biggest discovery. understand the relationship between the he received the prestigious 2007 Philip designed to render these modes harmless. solve many varied problems to follow Georges was in every way a gentleman, After Richter secured funding for SPEAR weak and electromagnetic interactions: Hauge Abelson Prize from the American Georges also designed the structure of the different requirements. Georges quiet and courteous, always interesting to in 1970, it took him just 27 months to build “That study turned into the first-order design Association for the Advancement of Science. the SPS higher-harmonic cavity, another made important contributions on many talk to – a good person to find at a gathering. the accelerator, at a cost of $6 million. of the 27 km-circumference LEP project at In 2010, he published Beyond Smoke and component necessary in the struggle to occasions, for example to the studies of We will miss him. Experiments commenced in 1973 and, CERN that was so brilliantly brought into Mirrors: Climate Change and Energy in stabilise the beams of ever increasing particle diffusion due to RF noise, which ● His friends and colleagues. famously, in November 1974, SPEAR flushed being by the CERN staff in the 1980s,” he the 21st Century, an apolitical layperson’s out what the SLAC team dubbed the “psi” wrote in his Nobel biography. exploration of the facts of climate and meson – a bound state of two charm quarks. His influential paper “Very High Energy energy. Among his many accolades, Richter Simultaneously, at Brookhaven National Electron–Positron Colliding Beams for received the US National Medal of Science, Laboratory on the other side of the continent, the Study of the Weak Interactions” (Nucl. the nation’s highest scientific honour, in Hans Paar 1944–2018 Sam Ting and his group had spotted the Instrum. Methods 136 47) was followed by 2014; the Enrico Fermi Award in 2012; and same resonance, which they christened the two detailed studies: one concerning the the Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award in 1976. “J”. Just two years later, Richter and Ting physics, published in November 1976 as “In my career I have met no one who has Hans Paar, emeritus professor of physics Paar started his particle-physics career the Dutch National Institute for shared the 1976 Nobel Prize in Physics for CERN Yellow Report 76-18, of which Burt made more fundamental contributions in at the University of California, San Diego at Columbia University in the US, where he Subatomic Physics, that worked on the their pioneering discovery of the J/ψ, which was a co-author, and an accelerator study electron–positron and electron–electron (UCSD), passed away on 17 June after a worked with Leon Lederman on one of the TPC/2γ experiment at the SLAC proved the existence of a fourth type of headed by Kjell Johnsen. “Burt’s paper colliders, in the precision instrumentation short illness. Paar was initially trained first experiments at Fermilab (E70). After National Accelerator Laboratory in the quark (charm). It was a major step towards and his personal advocacy of high-energy used in colliders and in experimental at Delft University of Technology in his completing his PhD thesis on this project, US, and he quickly became one of the the establishment of the Standard Model of electron–positron collision triggered interest physics,” says Ting. “After we received native country of the Netherlands. This he relocated to Europe to work as a CERN leaders of the collaboration that carried particle physics. at CERN, and had a powerful impact on the the Nobel Prize together in 1976, I met engineering background served him well fellow with another Nobel Laureate, Jack out this experiment. His visibility at SLAC Before he received the Nobel Prize, in 1975 development of the Laboratory, also paving him many times and we became good throughout his career, allowing him to Steinberger, on WA1, the first experiment led to an offer from the UCSD, which he Richter began a sabbatical year at CERN, the way for the LHC and the discovery of the friends. My wife, Susan, and I are going to take on important tasks in the design, with the high-energy neutrino beam of then joined as a faculty member in 1986 during which he pursued an experiment at Higgs boson,” says CERN’s John Ellis. miss him deeply.” construction and testing of equipment in the newly commissioned Super Proton and where he remained for the rest of CERN’s Intersecting Storage Rings (ISR) In 1978, along with others at SLAC, ● His friends and colleagues at CERN, all the particle-physics experiments he Synchrotron (SPS). his career. – the world’s first hadron collider. He was Richter began to investigate the possibility with additional input from Stanford News Service. participated in. In 1978, Paar joined a team at NIKHEF, Paar was an internationally recognised
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CCNov18_Faces&Places_v4.indd 40 19/10/2018 14:31 CCNov18_Faces&Places_v4.indd 41 19/10/2018 14:32 CERNCOURIER www. V o l u m e 5 8 N u m b e r 9 N o v e m b e r 2 0 1 8 CERN Courier November 2018 CERN Courier November 2018 Faces & Places Bookshelf physicist. He studied the properties of the context of the SPACAL and DREAM problems in astrophysics – the inflation bottom quark at electron–positron projects at CERN. of the early universe. Paar made crucial C o m p i l e d b y V i r g i n i a g r e C o, Cern colliders since the early 1990s, first as Later in Paar’s career, his research contributions to the realisation of this a member of the CLEO collaboration interests included observational project, named POLARBEAR, which Strange Glow: The Story of Radiation The Great Silence – The Science and (Cornell) and later the BaBar collaboration cosmology. Paar and his colleagues set out is carried out at high altitude in the By Timothy J Jorgensen Philosophy of Fermi’s Paradox (SLAC). He also made essential to detect the B-mode polarisation of the Atacama Desert in Chile. Not only did Princeton University Press By Milan Cirkovic contributions to the design and construction cosmic microwave background radiation he provide expert leadership, design and In this book, Timothy Jorgensen, a professor Oxford University Press of novel types of calorimeters, in the to address one of the most fundamental analysis skills, he also secured a $600,000 of radiation medicine at Georgetown Enrico Fermi formulated his eponymous private donation, which helped enable the University in the US, recounts the story paradox during a casual lunchtime chat with fabrication of the telescope. of the discovery of radioactivity and how colleagues in Los Alamos: the great physicist Paar cared deeply about education mankind has been transformed by it, argued that, probabilistically, intelligent and creating a nurturing, motivating with the aim of sweeping away some of extraterrestrial lifeforms had time to develop PT2026 NMR Precision Teslameter environment for students. He was the mystery and misunderstanding that countless times in the Milky Way, and even to instrumental in modernising the UCSD’s surrounds radiation. travel across our galaxy multiple times; but if
K SignoretPaar The book is structured in three parts. The so, where are they? first is devoted to the discovery of ionising The author of this book, Milan Cirkovic, Reach new heights radiation in the late 19th century and its claims that, with the wealth of scientific rapid application, notably in the field of knowledge accumulated in the many in magnetic eld medical imaging. The author establishes decades since then, the paradox is now even a vivid parallel with the discovery and more severe. Space travel is not speculative exploitation of radio waves, a non-ionising anymore, and we know that planetary measurement counterpart of higher energy X rays. A systems are common – including Earth-like dynamic narrative, peppered with personal planets – suggesting that life on our planet The Metrolab PT2026 sets a new anecdotes by key actors, succeeds in started very early and that our solar system transmitting the decisive scientific and is a relative late-comer on the cosmic scene; standard for precision magnetometers. societal impact of radiation and related hence, we should expect many civilisations to Leveraging 30 years of expertise building discoveries. The interleaving of the history have evolved way beyond our current stage. the world’s gold standard magnetometers, of the discovery with aspects of the lives Given the huge numbers involved, Cirkovic of inspirational figures such as Ernest remarks, the paradox would not even be it takes magnetic eld measurement to Rutherford and Enrico Fermi is certainly various victims at the time of the explosion, completely solved by the discovery of another new heights: measuring higher elds with very relevant, attractive and illustrative. provides a scientifically valuable sample civilisation: we would still have to figure out better resolution. In the second part, the author focuses to study both deterministic and stochastic where all others are! on the impact of ionising radiation on effects of radiation on human health. The Great Silence aims at an exhaustive human health, mostly through occupational In part three, the book also digresses at review of the solutions proposed to this The PT2026 offers unprecedented exibility exposure in different working sectors. A length about the role of nuclear weapons in paradox in the literature (where “literature” in the choice of parameters, interfacing strong focus is on the case of the “radium the US defence and geopolitical strategy. is to be understood in the broadest sense, girls” – female factory workers who were This topic seems somewhat misplaced with ranging from scholarly astrobiology papers and probe placement, as well as greatly poisoned by radiation from painting respect to the more technical and scientific to popular-science essays to science-fiction improved tolerance of inhomogeneous watch dials with self-luminous paint. content of the rest of the text. Moreover, novels), following a rigorous taxonomic This section also depicts the progress it is highly US-centric, often neglecting approach. Cirkovic’s taxonomy is built elds. And with Ethernet & USB interfaces Emeritus professor Hans Paar. in radiation-protection techniques and the analogous role of such weapons in from the analysis of which philosophical and LabVIEW software, it ts perfectly into the challenges related to quantifying the other countries. assumptions create the paradox in the first modern laboratory environments. curriculum on quantum mechanics at effects of radiation and establishing limits It is noteworthy that the book does not place. Relaxing the assumptions of realism, all levels and authored the textbook An for the exposure to it. The text succeeds in cover radiation in space and its crucial Copernicanism, and gradualism leads,
www.agence-arca.com - Photo: Scott Maxwell, Master le - Photo: Scott Maxwell, Master www.agence-arca.com Introduction to Advanced Quantum outlining the difficulties of linking physical impact on human spaceflight. Likewise, the respectively, to the families of solutions that Physics. As part of the UCSD Research quantities of radiation with its impact on discovery of cosmic radiation through Hess’ Cirkovic labels “solipsist”, “rare Earth”, Experience for Undergraduates human health. balloon experiment in 1911–1912, while and “neocatastrophic”. His fourth and most programme, he gave a “Physics of Sailing” The risk assessment related to radiation constituting an essential finding in addition heterogeneous category of solutions, labelled course consisting of lectures on the physics exposure and its impact on human health to the already discovered radioactivity “logistic”, arises from considering possible of the sport, followed by a full day of sailing is further covered in the third part of the from elements on the Earth’s surface, is universal limitations of physical, economic or on San Diego Bay. book. Here, Jorgensen aims to provide completely overlooked. metabolic nature. Hans had many interests outside of quantitative tools for the public to be able Despite the lack of space-radiation The book starts by setting a rigorous physics. He was also a devoted husband, to evaluate the benefits and risks associated coverage and the somewhat uncorrelated foundation for discussion, summarising (step)father and a very good friend to many. with radiation exposure. Despite his effort US defence considerations, this book the scientific knowledge and dissecting the He was a gifted piano player and a serious to offer a combination of complementary is definitely a very good read that will philosophical assumptions. Cirkovic does not model-train enthusiast. He helped to create statistical approaches, readers are left with satisfy the reader’s curiosity and interest seem interested in captivating the reader from an atmosphere of creative thought and an impression that many aspects of the with respect to radiation and its impact the start: the preface and the first three chapters Pantone 286 Pantone 032 friendliness within every group he was impact of radiation on human health are not on humans. In addition, it provides are definitely scholarly in their intentions, and part of. Our thoughts go to his wife Kim, fully understood. On the contrary, the large insight into the more general progress of assume that the reader already knows a great his daughter Suzanne and his stepsons number of radiation-exposure cases in the physics, especially in the first half of the deal about Fermi’s paradox. As a particularly Magnetic precision has a name www.metrolab.com Eric and Alain. We all owe Hans for many Hiroshima and Nagasaki nuclear bombings, 19th century, in a highly dynamic and egregious example, Kardashev’s speculative happy memories. after which it was possible to correlate entertaining manner. classification of civilisations, based on the ● His friends and colleagues. the absorbed dose with the location of the ● Rubén García Alía, CERN. scale of their energy consumption, plays a
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