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The Antarctic Sun, June 21, 2005

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The Antarctic Sun, June 21, 2005 Midwinter special Published weekly during the austral summer at McMurdo Station, Antarctica, for the United States Antarctic Program June 21, 2005 Dark days, starry nights New home for the Dome? By Kristan Hutchison Sun staff After more than 30 years at the South Pole, the landmark aluminum dome may retire to Southern California. The original plan was to recycle the dome, which is the equivalent of 2.6 million aluminum soda cans, but a vet- erans group is interested in using the structure in conjunction with the CEC/Seabee Museum in Port Hueneme, Calif. Photo courtesy of Keith Martin / Special to The Antarctic Sun “I think it’s worth the effort from a An apple hut shelter is illuminated while the moon hides behind Castle Rock during a sky-watch- number of perspectives,” said Bill ing outing near McMurdo Station. On June 21 Antarctic workers celebrate mid-winter and begin Hilderbrand, president of the the countdown to the return of the sun. For more on winter skywatching, see page 15. CEC/Seabee Historical Foundation, keeping alive the history of the military construction battalion that built the dome. “Number one, to kind of recog- Old mud offers future promise nize the Seabees who went down to By Kristan Hutchison margin is off limits to Antarctica and what they did.” Sun staff “You do need a technological drill ships,” said The dome has to be removed any- The tubes of olive- shift sometimes to really foster Anderson, a professor of way. Under the 1991 environmental green mud John Anderson a new age of discovery.” Earth sciences at Rice protocols of the Antarctic Treaty, the collected from his recent - John Anderson University. “We don’t get U.S. Antarctic Program must remove cruise represent 10,000 Marine geologist a lot of drill core from any structures from the continent after years of Antarctic history Antarctica.” they are no longer in use. Several large and a breakthrough in drilling technology. In 1994 a group of scientists began trying buildings at McMurdo Station have For decades scientists have wanted to pull to find ways to tap into this rich resource been torn down and shipped to the U.S. samples from the seafloor around the edges under the project name Shaldril, short for as trash in recent years, but the dome of Antarctica. The layers of sediment contain Shallow Drilling on the Antarctic Continent will be the largest ever removed from revealing remnants of the continent’s past, Margin. Several years ago a promising new the South Pole. including climate patterns and glaciation. flexible diamond coring system was tried in Several of the modular buildings the But the sediment is in a no man’s land with northern high latitudes by Seacore Limited. dome sheltered were removed this win- too much ice for drill ships to maneuver, yet Shaldril successfully tested the same system ter. The functions they housed - includ- not enough for a stable drilling platform. for the first time in Antarctica in April. ing the kitchen and dining area, “For the most part the whole Antarctic See Shaldril on page 18 See Dome on page 20 INSIDE Ice hole traps Why fish went B15 blockade Quilters sew Building big for tiny particles white with cold breaks up winter together big balloons Page 3 Page 17 Page 16 Page 12 Page 13 www.polar.org/antsun 2 • The Antarctic Sun June 21, 2005 Ross Island Chronicles By Chico I just read the latest studies about Oh, really? the effects of being in cold and dark And what did you find out? environments for long periods of time. Cold, hard facts Winter Number of Antarctic research stations: 81 Number of stations open all winter: 47 Winter population at the U.S. stations: 241 at McMurdo, 86 at South Pole, 20 at Palmer. Percentage of women at McMurdo this winter: 33 Think about what? That there's a Average age at McMurdo: 38 years old chance of getting Age range: 19 to 65 years old short term memory loss. What do you Where McMurdo winter workers are think about that? from: 49 from Colorado, 17 each from California, Washington and Minnesota, nine each from Alaska, Idaho and Wyoming Number two in Maxim magazines list of the seven worst spring break destina- tions: The NOAA observatory at Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station Sources: Station reports, Mike Blachut, Dani Dipietro, Amber Burton, RPSC More comics on page 23 It’s a harsh cartoon Matt Davidson The Antarctic Sun is funded by the National Science Foundation as part of the United States Antarctic Program (OPP-000373). Its primary audience is U.S. Antarctic Program participants, their families and their friends. NSF reviews and approves material before publication, but opinions and conclusions expressed in the Sun are not necessarily those of the Foundation. Use: Reproduction and distribution are encouraged with acknowledgment of source and author. Senior Editor: Kristan Hutchison Copy Editor: Mark Sabbatini Publisher: Valerie Carroll, communications manager, RPSC Contributions are welcome. The next issue will publish in October. Contact the Sun at [email protected]. Web address: www.polar.org/antsun June 21, 2005 The Antarctic Sun • 3 Ice tongue fragment Ice on the move Drygalski By Emily Stone ble, MacAyeal said. Sun staff Because the long side of the berg was B15a Perhaps giant icebergs get stage fright. facing the Drygalski, there was an enor- B15a, the largest of the enormous bergs mous amount of water between the two loitering around the edge of McMurdo pieces of ice. The only way to move that Ross Sea Sound, was poised to smash into the much water out of the way to allow a direct Drygalski Ice Tongue in January. Instead, it collision is through geophysical forces tied waited until the sun went down and most of to the Earth’s rotation. The laws that govern McMurdo Station cleared out for the winter those forces, in particular the direction that to make its big move. And it didn’t even water moves around low pressure areas, B15k turn out to be that big. meant there was no way to get that water out B15a, a Rhode Island-sized chunk of ice, of the way, MacAyeal said. hit the Drygalski sometime between April “That’s a lot of water,” he said. “It just C16 11 and 12, according to satellite images can’t happen.” from the two days. But it didn’t bash into The iceberg then continued on its trip Mt. Erebus the ice tongue. It just scraped along it a bit, north. For a while it was headed toward the B15j then continued on its way. Italian station at Terra Nova Bay. But Satellite photo by Envisat ASAR “Like a bad parallel parking job,” is how between April 20 and May 4, the northern Iceberg B15a deals the Drygalski Icetongue researcher Kelly Brunt described the end of the berg rotated east again, this time a glancing blow as it brushes by on April 15, impact, comparing it to the way her grand- by about 24 degrees. It now looks like it will knocking a chip off the old iceblock. mother used to scrape her Buick along fire pass safely out of range of Terra Nova. hydrants while easing into a parking spot. The scientists haven’t figured out why earlier calving off the Ross Ice Shelf in Brunt is a graduate student in Doug the iceberg veered off to the east a second 1987. It has followed a similar path as those MacAyeal’s research group at the time, MacAyeal said. It may have to do with icebergs, he said. University of Chicago. The team of scien- the water depth in the area. Icebergs carry The interloper is about 16km long and tists has been following the icebergs since around the entire water column underneath 2km wide, Weidner said. It got within 60km they calved off the Ross Ice Shelf in 2000. them as they travel. It is difficult for water of McMurdo Station, but backed up so that B15a, at more than 3,000 square kilometers, columns to change depth, because they it’s about 90km away now, about the same is the largest remaining remnant of the orig- don’t like to get significantly fatter or skin- distance north as Beaufort Island. inal B15 iceberg. nier as the floor rises or falls below them. The berg shouldn’t affect any penguin B15a knocked a 50-square-kilometer B15a’s path may be based on trying to stay colonies, he said. Nor should it interfere chunk off the eastern edge of the ice tongue. in water of the same depth, MacAyeal said. with the ships moving in and out of station The berg appears to be relatively unscathed, B15a’s departure is good news from a in January. The closest the interloper got to Brunt said, but the resolution from those logistical point of view. B15a and its fellow the shipping channel was 40km and it’s now satellite images is limited. There may be bergs had been blocking the winds and cur- sitting still about 70km away. The iceberg some “push mounds” along the western rents from sweeping out the accumulated could move between now and next summer edge of the berg, which are smashed up sec- sea ice in McMurdo Sound, making it diffi- if the sea ice blows out and the berg has tions that look much like the front end of a cult to get the annual ships to station. some open water to swim around in. car would after hitting a brick wall.
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