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The InTernationAl Material from The Amazing International Space Station, by Editors of YES Mag is used by permission of Kids Can Press Ltd., Toronto. Text © 2003 Editors of YES Mag. The Amazing International Space Station 1/5 © 2009 Scholastic Canada Ltd. V001 Space Sims raining to build things in space doesn’t actually happen in space. ▼ ▼ It’s just too expensive. Instead, it ▼ ▼ happens right here on good old A computer gives a virtual ▼ planet Earth in a series of space reality simulation of ▼ T constructing the space Working in water simulates simulations. These “sims” are station — all inside this the microgravity of space. designed tolook and feel like the helmet. You feel weightless, yet cumbersome, just like you real thing. will when you’re spacewalking. The Amazing International Space Station 2/5 ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ A roller-coaster flight in a special aircraft gives you a taste Scouts never had it so hard. To prepare for their stay on of what it’s like to be weightless. It’s no accident the plane’s the ISS, American astronaut Bill Shepherd (right) and been nicknamed the Vomit Comet. Russian cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev attend a Russian survival training camp. In winter! The Amazing International Space Station 3/5 C A I B E H G F D “It doesn’t pay to fight the suit. The suit will win, so you have to learn how to be one with the suit.” — American astronaut Jim Newman The Amazing International Space Station 4/5 Participating nations roducin Belgium Netherlands Int g Brazil Norway Canada Russia Denmark Spain 1 France Sweden the ISS Germany Switzerland Italy United Kingdom Japan United States 3 2 4 1 power modules (Russia) 2 Zarya Control Module (Russia) 5 11 6 3 thermal control radiators Canadarm2 (Canada) 8 4 5 Destiny laboratory module (U.S.) 10 7 9 6 Kibo laboratory module (Japan) 7 Multi-Purpose Logistics Module ISS Stats (Italy) Average operating altitude: 354 km (220 mi.) 8 Columbus Orbital Facility 12 Average speed: 28 000 km/h (17 500 m.p.h.) (Europe) Mass: 450 000 kg (1 000 000 lbs.) 9 proposed X-38 crew return Width: 108.5 m (356 ft.) vehicle (U.S.) Length: 88.4 m (290 ft.) 10 Soyuz spacecraft (Russia) 11 integrated truss structure (U.S.) 12 solar arrays (U.S.) The Amazing International Space Station 5/5.

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Everything You Need to Know About the International Space Station Science Fair 2021
Everything you Need to Know About the International Space Station Science Fair 2021 By: J. R. Montessori Academy at Spring Valley 8th Grade Focus Question What is the International Space Station, how was it built, what do the crewmates do there? Introduction The year was 1998 the date was November the 20th and the whole world was buzzing with anticipation. Today was the day that the first piece of the ISS, the Zarya, would be launched. On October 4, 1957, the US was in the midst of the Cold War which started in 1947 and tension hung in the air between the US and the Soviet Union. The Soviets had just launched the Sputnik 1, a Russian artificial satellite. The US was shocked that the Russians had reached the stars before the US did. Only a month later the Russians launched yet another rocket called the Sputnik 2 and this time it carried a dog named Laika. It wasn't until 1958 that the US finally got their own rocket; Explorer 1, launched. In 1969 Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong became the first men on the moon and the US had won the space race. Statement My model will show what the International Space Station will look like in scale. Why is THe ISS Important? What is the purpose of the ISS? The ISS is a laboratory to conduct experiments. Why do we need a laboratory in space when we already have thousands here on Earth? Well, in space things are very different. That includes the gravity (there is none) the oxygen we breathe (it's artificial aboard the ISS so the air the astro/cosmonauts breath is recycled), so naturally experiment results will also be very different.
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Expedition 11 Opening the Door for Return to Flight
EXPEDITION 11 OPENING THE DOOR FOR RETURN TO FLIGHT When the crew of STS-114, the mission that The Expedition 11 crew of Krikalev, the will return the Space Shuttle to fl ight, arrives expedition and Soyuz Commander, and at the International Space Station, Russian Phillips, the Flight Engineer and ISS Science Cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev and American Offi cer, began their six-month mission to the Astronaut John Phillips, will be ready to ISS with a lift-off April 15, 2005, aboard a welcome them onboard the orbiting outpost. Soyuz spacecraft launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Once they arrived at the Space Station, the new team replaced the Expedition 10 crew of Leroy Chiao and Salizhan Sharipov, who had been aboard the ISS since Oct. 15, 2004. Joining the Expedition 11 crew aboard Soyuz TMA-6 was European Space Agency Astronaut Roberto Vittori, an Italian Air Force pilot. He spent eight days on the Station, conducting a variety of experiments before returning home with Chiao and Sharipov. During the Expedition 11 mission, 15 scientifi c investigations are planned, most of which United Space Alliance Training Team member Oscar focus on how the human body changes and Koehler, left, assists Cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev, adapts to the microgravity environment of Orbiting 221 miles above the Earth, the International Space Station is seen with the Port One truss and right, and astronaut John Phillips as they participate space. Starboard One truss in place. in a training session in the Johnson Space Center’s Virtual Reality Lab. This type of computer training The ISS experiments are part of a step-by-step and beyond.
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Unit 5 Space Exploration
TOPIC 8 People in Space There are many reasons why all types of technology are developed. In Unit 5, you’ve seen that some technology is developed out of curiosity. Galileo built his telescope because he was curious about the stars and planets. You’ve also learned that some technologies are built to help countries fight an enemy in war. The German V-2 rocket is one example of this. You may have learned in social stud- ies class about the cold war between the United States and the for- mer Soviet Union. There was no fighting with guns or bombs. However, these countries deeply mistrusted each other and became very competitive. They tried to outdo and intimidate each other. This competition thrust these countries into a space race, which was a race to be the first to put satellites and humans into space. Figure 5.57 Space shuttle Atlantis Topic 8 looks at how the desire to go into space drove people to blasts off in 1997 on its way to dock produce technologies that could make space travel a reality. with the Soviet space station Mir. Breaking Free of Earth’s Gravity Although space is only a hundred or so kilometres “up there,” it takes a huge amount of energy to go up and stay up there. The problem is gravity. Imagine throwing a ball as high as you can. Now imagine how hard it would be to throw the ball twice as high or to throw a ball twice as heavy. Gravity always pulls the ball back to Earth.
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Krikalev Breaks Time-In-Space Record 16 August 2005
Krikalev Breaks Time-in-Space Record 16 August 2005 Early Tuesday Aug. 16., Expedition 11 Commander Sergei Krikalev will become the human with the most cumulative time in space. At 1:44 a.m. EDT he passed the record of 748 days held by Sergei Avdeyev. Krikalyov, who has been aboard the International Space Station (ISS) since April 15, passed the record previously held by fellow-Russian Sergei Avdeyev, who spent a career total of 747 days, 14 hours, 14 minutes and 11 seconds in space. Krikalev spent his more than two years in space beginning in November 1988 with the start of his first long-duration flight to the Soviet space station Mir. Krikalev did back-to-back increments on his next Mir flight starting in May 1991 and returning to Earth in March 1992. Krikalyov was aboard the Mir space station in December 1991 when the Soviet Union collapsed, earning him the unofficial title of "the last citizen of the USSR." At the end of his 151-day mission, he returned not to the Soviet Union, but to Russia. He became the first Russian to fly a Shuttle mission on STS-60 in February 1994. His second Shuttle flight took the Unity node to the International Space Station on STS-88 in December 1998. He was a member of the Station's Expedition 1 crew, launching in October 2000 and returning to Earth in March 2001. He launched as commander of Expedition 11 last April 14. APA citation: Krikalev Breaks Time-in-Space Record (2005, August 16) retrieved 28 September 2021 from https://phys.org/news/2005-08-krikalev-time-in-space.html This document is subject to copyright.
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Part 2 Almaz, Salyut, And
Part 2 Almaz/Salyut/Mir largely concerned with assembly in 12, 1964, Chelomei called upon his Part 2 Earth orbit of a vehicle for circumlu- staff to develop a military station for Almaz, Salyut, nar flight, but also described a small two to three cosmonauts, with a station made up of independently design life of 1 to 2 years. They and Mir launched modules. Three cosmo- designed an integrated system: a nauts were to reach the station single-launch space station dubbed aboard a manned transport spacecraft Almaz (“diamond”) and a Transport called Siber (or Sever) (“north”), Logistics Spacecraft (Russian 2.1 Overview shown in figure 2-2. They would acronym TKS) for reaching it (see live in a habitation module and section 3.3). Chelomei’s three-stage Figure 2-1 is a space station family observe Earth from a “science- Proton booster would launch them tree depicting the evolutionary package” module. Korolev’s Vostok both. Almaz was to be equipped relationships described in this rocket (a converted ICBM) was with a crew capsule, radar remote- section. tapped to launch both Siber and the sensing apparatus for imaging the station modules. In 1965, Korolev Earth’s surface, cameras, two reentry 2.1.1 Early Concepts (1903, proposed a 90-ton space station to be capsules for returning data to Earth, 1962) launched by the N-1 rocket. It was and an antiaircraft cannon to defend to have had a docking module with against American attack.5 An ports for four Soyuz spacecraft.2, 3 interdepartmental commission The space station concept is very old approved the system in 1967.
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Expedition 11
EXPEDITION 11: Opening the Door for Return to Flight WWW.SHUTTLEPRESSKIT.COM Updated April 4, 2004 Expedition 11 Press Kit National Aeronautics and Space Administration Table of Contents Mission Overview .................................................................................................... 1 Crew .......................................................................................................................... 5 Mission Objectives ................................................................................................ 10 Spacewalks ............................................................................................................ 19 Russian Soyuz TMA................................................................................................ 20 Science Overview ................................................................................................... 42 Payload Operations Center.................................................................................... 47 Russian Experiments ............................................................................................ 50 U.S. Experiments .................................................................................................... 58 Italian Soyuz Mission Eneide................................................................................... 92 Media Assistance.................................................................................................. 111 Media Contacts ....................................................................................................
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Space Stations: Base Camps to the Stars*
Chapter 23 Space Stations: Base Camps to the Stars* Roger D. Launius† Introduction This paper reviews the history of space stations in American culture, from an 1869 work of fiction in the Atlantic Monthly to the present realization of the International Space Station (ISS). It also discusses the history of space stations “real and imagined” as cultural icons. From winged rocket ships, to the giant ro- tating wheels of Wernher von Braun and 2001: A Space Odyssey, to the epic, controversy-wracked saga of the ISS, the paper also discusses Mir, Skylab, and the Salyuts. It will close with a projection into the future as ISS is realized—or perhaps deferred—and perhaps future generations begin work on space stations elsewhere in the Solar System. The Attraction of a Space Station From virtually the beginning of the 20th century, those interested in the human exploration of space have viewed as central to that endeavor the building of a massive Earth-orbital space station that would serve as the jumping-off point to the Moon and the planets. Always, space exploration enthusiasts believed, a * Presented at the Thirty-Eighth History Symposium of the International Academy of As- tronautics, 4–8 October 2004, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Paper IAC-04-IAA.6.15.4.01. † Division of Space History, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. 421 permanently occupied space station was a necessary outpost in the new frontier of space. The more technically minded recognized that once humans had achieved Earth orbit about 200 miles up, the presumed location of any space sta- tion, the vast majority of the atmosphere and the gravity well had been conquered and that people were now about halfway to anywhere they might want to go.
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Editors' Note These Two Conversations Were Initiated by the Fondation
Out of the Present. Dir. Andrei Ujica, 1995. Sergei Krikalev Editors’ Note These two conversations were initiated by the Fondation Cartier pour l’art contemporaine on the occasion of the exhibition 1 monde réel, and took place in the spring of 1999. The first, between Andrei Ujica and cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev, more conversational in tone, revolves around the experience of space travel. The second, between Ujica and Paul Virilio, is more theoretical. Both address Ujica’s 1995 film, Out of the Present, a cinematic reconstruction of Krikalev’s historic ten-month flight on board the MIR Space Station, a journey in which the cosmo- naut departed from the Soviet Union and, following the August coup in Moscow, returned to Russia. 46 Downloaded from http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/15263810260573254 by guest on 25 September 2021 Toward the End of Gravity I SERGEI KRIKALEV/ANDREI UJICA TRANSLATED BY SARA OGGER Andrei Ujica: It must be about five years since we first met, in Moscow. At the time, I had come here to make a film about your mission aboard the MIR Space Station in 1991–1992. In 1995 the film Out of the Present was finished, and since then neither of us has ever really escaped from this story: for my part, it’s a bit as if I myself had been in space, as if I’d really taken part in this adven- ture; and for your part, you’ve become—if you think about our appearances at festivals—a veritable celebrity, or at any rate a film personality.
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Icons on the International Space Station
religions Article Eternity in Low Earth Orbit: Icons on the International Space Station Wendy Salmond 1, Justin Walsh 1 and Alice Gorman 2,* 1 Department of Art, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, USA; [email protected] (W.S.); [email protected] (J.W.) 2 Department of Archaeology, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia * Correspondence: alice.gorman@flinders.edu.au Received: 15 October 2020; Accepted: 10 November 2020; Published: 17 November 2020 Abstract: This paper investigates the material culture of icons on the International Space Station as part of a complex web of interactions between cosmonauts and the Russian Orthodox Church, reflecting contemporary terrestrial political and social affairs. An analysis of photographs from the International Space Station (ISS) demonstrated that a particular area of the Zvezda module is used for the display of icons, both Orthodox and secular, including the Mother of God of Kazan and Yuri Gagarin. The Orthodox icons are frequently sent to space and returned to Earth at the request of church clerics. In this process, the icons become part of an economy of belief that spans Earth and space. This practice stands in contrast to the prohibition against displaying political/religious imagery in the U.S.-controlled modules of ISS. The icons mark certain areas of ISS as bounded sacred spaces or hierotopies, separated from the limitless outer space beyond the space station walls. Keywords: International Space Station; iconography; hierotopy; material culture; sacred space; cosmonaut 1. Introduction How the perspective of being outside the world—that is, in space—changes personal approaches to spirituality among space travelers has been the subject of numerous studies (e.g., Suedfeld 2006; Weibel 2016, 2020; Weibel and Swanson 2006).
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The Collapse of the Soviet Union, Witnessed from the MIR Space Station
2020] Emory Journal of Asian Studies 1 Fall from Orbit: The Collapse of the Soviet Union, Witnessed from the MIR Space Station Ellie Coe Emory University His life resembles “a story out of Soviet science fiction, in which cosmonauts who have spent a short time in space return to Earth, where ages have gone by and everything – everything – has changed.”1 Having launched to the MIR space station from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) in May 1991, cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev returned in March 1992 to a nation drastically transformed by revolution. The USSR, as it hurtled towards political reform, had collapsed during Krikalev’s ten- month stay in orbit. As a result, large-scale economic inflation permeated the new Russian Federation, oligarchs snapped up power and property, and the cosmonaut’s hometown of Leningrad had been renamed to St. Petersburg.2 Upon his landing, Krikalev was extricated from the Soyuz landing capsule by Russian military officials, the letters U.S.S.R. sewn onto his sleeve and the Communist Party membership card was clutched 1Associated Press. “After 10 Months in Space, Cosmonaut Is in a New Land,” Los Angeles Times, March 26, 1992, https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1992-03-26- mn-6366-story.html. 2Stephen Kotkin, Armageddon Averted: The Soviet Collapse, 1970-2000, 2nd ed. (London, UK: Oxford University Press, 2008), 115. 2020] Emory Journal of Asian Studies 2 uselessly in his hand.3 Dubbed “the last Soviet citizen” by some Western newspapers, Sergei Krikalev endured the fall of the Communist system
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Spacecalc Current Space Demographics
CBS News/Spaceflight Now Current Space Demographics Page 1 SpaceCalc Current Space Demographics Post STS-131 Nation No. Rank Space Endurance Days/FLTs Total Fliers 517 1 Afghanistan 1 1 Sergei Krikalev 803/6 Nations 38 2 Austria 1 2 Sergei Avdeyev 748/3 Men 463 3 Belgium 2 3 Valery Polyakov 679/2 Women 54 4 Brazil 1 4 Anatoly Solovyev 652/5 Total Tickets 1137 5 Bulgaria 2 5 Alexander Kaleri 611/4 6 Canada 9 6 Gennady Padalka 586/3 United States 334 7 China 6 7 Victor Afanasyev 556/4 US Men 290 8 Cuba 1 8 Yury Usachev 553/4 US Women 44 9 Czech. 1 9 Musa Manarov 541/2 10 E. Germany 1 10 Yuri Malenchenko 515/4 Soviet Union 72 11 France 9 11 Alexander Viktorenko 489/4 USSR Men 70 12 Germany 9 12 Nikolai Budarin 446/3 USSR Women 2 13 Hungary 1 13 Yuri Romanenko 430/3 Russia/CIS 35 14 India 1 14 Alexander Volkov 392/3 Russian Men 32 15 Israel 1 15 Yury Onufrienko 389/2 Russian Women 1 16 Italy 5 16 Vladimir Titov 387/4 17 Japan 8 17 Vasily Tsibliev 383/2 Others 76 18 Kazakhstan 1 18 Valery Korzun 382/2 Other Men 71 19 Malaysia 1 19 Pavel Vinogradov 381/2 Other Women 7 20 Mexico 1 20 Peggy Whitson 377/2 21 Mongolia 1 21 Leonid Kizim 375/3 Men with 7 flights 2 22 Netherlands 2 22 Mike Foale 374/6 Women with 7 flights 0 23 N. Vietnam 1 23 Alexander Serebrov 374/4 Men with 6 flights 6 24 Poland 1 24 Valery Ryumin 372/4 Women with 6 flights 0 25 Romania 1 25 Mike Fincke 366/2 Men with 5 flights 15 26 Russia 33 26 Vladimir Solovyev 362/2 Women with 5 flights 6 27 Saudi Arabia 1 27 Mikhail Tyurin 344/2 Men with 4 flights 60 28 Slovakia 1 28 Talgat Musabayev 342/3 Women with 4 flights 6 29 South Africa 1 Men with 3 flights 72 30 South Korea 1 Rank Top Spacewalkers EVAs/H:M Women with 3 flights 6 31 Spain 1 All with 2 flights 140 32 Sweden 1 1 Anatoly Solovyov 16/82:22 All with 1 flight 204 33 Switzerland 1 2 Mike Lopez-Alegria 10/67:40 34 Syria 1 3 Jerry Ross 9/58:21 TOTAL 517 35 Ukraine 1 4 John Grunsfeld 8/58:30 36 United King.
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Science Museum Group Journal the Cosmonauts Challenge
Science Museum Group Journal The Cosmonauts challenge Journal ISSN number: 2054-5770 This article was written by Ian Blatchford, Natalia Sidlina 11-02-2015 Cite as 10.15180; 150406 Discussion The Cosmonauts challenge Published in Autumn 2015, Issue 04 Article DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15180/150406 Abstract Focusing on the experience of working with Russia’s cultural, industrial and political sectors, this paper investigates how the development of new contacts and partnerships has contributed not only to the loan of material of historic significance to the Science Museum’s exhibition, but more broadly changes perceptions about Russia and its space programme in the western world. Addressing the multiple challenges involved – legal, political and security, among others – it reveals the importance of many of the space objects themselves as well as demonstrating how the Science Museum has helped to maintain a dialogue with Russia even during the most testing times. In September 2015 the Science Museum opened the most ambitious special exhibition it had ever undertaken: Cosmonauts: birth of the space age. Whilst the creation of a ‘blockbuster’ exhibition might be the normal expectation of a great art museum, the fact that a science museum should undertake such an endeavour is equally worthy of comment, and this article seeks to illustrate the exceptional curatorial, museological, logistical, legal and political hurdles that this project had to overcome. Indeed, they would astonish even the grandest and most experienced of the international art museums. Art museums are delighted when they can display the acclaimed works of Monet, but even the most valuable paintings cannot be said to be have been official state secrets in the way that so much Russian space technology has been.
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