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NVMC Nov 2019 Newsletter.Pdf
The Mineral Newsletter Meeting: November 18 Time: 7:45 p.m. Long Branch Nature Center, 625 S. Carlin Springs Rd., Arlington, VA 22204 Volume 60, No. 9 November 2019 Explore our website! November Meeting Program: Making Sugarloaf Mountain (details on page 5) In this issue … Mineral of the month: Datolite ................. p. 2 November program details ........................ p. 5 Annual Holiday Party coming up! ............. p. 5 President’s collected thoughts .................. p. 5 October meeting minutes .......................... p. 7 Nominations for 2019 club officers ........... p. 8 Datolite nodule Club show volunteers needed! .................. p. 8 Quincy Mine, Michigan Bench tip: Sheet wax with adhesives ......... p. 9 Source: Brandes (2019). Photo: Paul T. Brandes. Annual show coming up—Help needed! .. p. 10 EFMLS: Wildacres—finally! ........................ p. 12 AFMS: Scam targets mineral clubs ............ p. 13 Safety: Be prepared ................................... p. 13 Deadline for Submissions Field trip opportunity ................................. p. 14 November 20 Manassas quarry geology, pt. 2 ................. p. 15 Please make your submission by the 20th of the month! Upcoming events ....................................... p. 20 Submissions received later might go into a later newsletter. 28th Annual Show flyer ............................. p. 21 Mineral of the Month Datolite by Sue Marcus Datolite, our mineral this month, is not a zeolite, alt- hough it often occurs with minerals of the Zeolite Group. It can form lustrous crystals or attractive masses that take a nice polish. And, for collectors like Northern Virginia Mineral Club me, it is attainable! members, Etymology Please join our guest speaker, Joe Marx, for dinner at Datolite was named in 1806 by Jens Esmark, a Danish- the Olive Garden on November 18 at 6 p.m. -
Evolution of the Astonishing Naica Giant Crystals in Chihuahua, Mexico
minerals Review Evolution of the Astonishing Naica Giant Crystals in Chihuahua, Mexico Iván Jalil Antón Carreño-Márquez 1 , Isaí Castillo-Sandoval 2, Bernardo Enrique Pérez-Cázares 3, Luis Edmundo Fuentes-Cobas 2 , Hilda Esperanza Esparza-Ponce 2 , Esperanza Menéndez-Méndez 4, María Elena Fuentes-Montero 3 and María Elena Montero-Cabrera 2,* 1 Department of Engineering, Universidad La Salle Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31625, Mexico; [email protected] 2 Department of Environment and Energy, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, Chihuahua 31136, Mexico; [email protected] (I.C.-S.); [email protected] (L.E.F.-C.); [email protected] (H.E.E.-P.) 3 Department of Computational Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31125, Mexico; [email protected] (B.E.P.-C.); [email protected] (M.E.F.-M.) 4 Department Physicochemical Assays, Instituto Eduardo Torroja de Ciencias de la Construcción, 28033 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Calcium sulfate (CaSO4) is one of the most common evaporites found in the earth’s crust. It can be found as four main variations: gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O), bassanite (CaSO4·0.5H2O), soluble Citation: Carreño-Márquez, I.J.A.; anhydrite, and insoluble anhydrite (CaSO4), being the key difference the hydration state of the Castillo-Sandoval, I.; Pérez-Cázares, sulfate mineral. Naica giant crystals’ growth starts from a supersaturated solution in a delicate B.E.; Fuentes-Cobas, L.E.; Esparza- thermodynamic balance close to equilibrium, where gypsum can form nanocrystals able to grow Ponce, H.E.; Menéndez-Méndez, E.; up to 11–12 m long. -
Inyoite Cab3o3(OH)5 • 4H2O C 2001-2005 Mineral Data Publishing, Version 1
Inyoite CaB3O3(OH)5 • 4H2O c 2001-2005 Mineral Data Publishing, version 1 Crystal Data: Monoclinic. Point Group: 2/m. Typically as crystals, short prismatic along [001], tabular on {001}, exhibiting prominent {110} and {001} and a dozen other minor forms, to 2.5 cm; in cockscomb aggregates of pseudorhombohedral crystals; also coarse spherulitic, granular. Physical Properties: Cleavage: {001}, good; {010}, distinct. Fracture: Irregular. Tenacity: Brittle. Hardness = 2 D(meas.) = 1.875 D(calc.) = 1.87 Soluble in H2O. Optical Properties: Transparent, translucent on dehydration. Color: Colorless, white on dehydration. Luster: Vitreous. Optical Class: Biaxial (–). Orientation: Y = b; X ∧ c =37◦; Z ∧ c = –53◦. Dispersion: r< v, slight. α = 1.490–1.495 β = 1.501–1.505 γ = 1.516–1.520 2V(meas.) = 70◦–86◦ Cell Data: Space Group: P 21/a. a = 10.621(1)) b = 12.066(1) c = 8.408(1) β = 114◦1.2◦ Z=4 X-ray Powder Pattern: Monte Azul mine, Argentina. 7.67 (100), 2.526 (25), 3.368 (22), 1.968 (22), 2.547 (21), 3.450 (20), 2.799 (19) Chemistry: (1) (2) B2O3 37.44 37.62 CaO 20.42 20.20 + H2O 9.46 − H2O 32.46 H2O 42.18 rem. 0.55 Total 100.33 100.00 • (1) Hillsborough, Canada; remnant is gypsum. (2) CaB3O3(OH)5 4H2O. Occurrence: Along fractures and nodular in sedimentary borate deposits; may be authigenic in playa sediments. Association: Meyerhofferite, colemanite, priceite, hydroboracite, ulexite, gypsum. Distribution: In the USA, in California, from an adit on Mount Blanco, Furnace Creek district, Death Valley, Inyo Co., and in the Kramer borate deposit, Boron, Kern Co. -
Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of the New Zn1. 5Co1
Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of the New Zn1.5Co1.5B7O13Br Boracite Roberto Escudero∗ and Francisco Morales Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Aut´onoma de M´exico. A. Postal 70-360. M´exico, D.F., 04510 MEXICO.´ Marco A Leyva Ramirez Departamento de Qu´ımica, Centro de Investigaci´on y Estudios Avanzados del IPN. 07360, M´exico, D. F. Jorge Campa-Molina and S. Ulloa-Godinez C. Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenieras, Universidad de Guadalajara, Laboratorio de Materiales Avanzados Departamento de Electronica. 044840, Guadalajara, Jalisco. MEXICO.´ (Dated: August 29, 2021) arXiv:1106.5446v1 [cond-mat.mtrl-sci] 27 Jun 2011 1 Abstract New Zn1.5Co1.5B7O13Br boracite crystals were grown by chemical transport reactions in quartz ampoules, at a temperature of 1173 K. The crystal structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction. The crystals present an orthorhombic structure with space group Pca21, (No. 29). The determined cell parameters were: a = 8.5705(3)A,˚ b = 8.5629(3) A,˚ and c = 12.1198(4)A,˚ and cell volume, V = 889.45(5) A˚3 with Z = 4. Magnetic properties in single crystals of the new boracite, were determined. The Susceptibility-Temperature (χ−T ) behavior at different magnetic intensities was studied. The inverse of the magnetic susceptibility χ−1(T ) shows a Curie-Weiss characteristic with spin s = 3/2 and a small orbital contribution, l. At low temperatures, below 10 K, χ(T ) shows irreversibility that is strongly dependent on the applied magnetic field. This boracite is ferrimag- netic up to a maximum temperature of about 16 K, as shows the coercive field. -
United States Patent (11) 3,615,174
United States Patent (11) 3,615,174 72 Inventor William J. Lewis 3,342,548 9/1967 Macey....... A. 2319 X South Ogden, Utah 3,432,031 3/1969 Ferris........................... 209/166 X 21 Appl. No. 740,886 FOREIGN PATENTS 22, Filed June 28, 1968 45 Patented Oct. 26, 1971 1,075,166 4f1954 France ......................... 209/66 (73) Assignee NL Industries, Inc. OTHER REFERENCES New York, N.Y. Chem. Abst., Vol. 53, 1959, 9587e I & EC, Vol. 56, 7, Jy '64, 61 & 62. Primary Examiner-Frank W. Lutter 54 PROCESSFOR THE SELECTIVE RECOVERY OF Assistant Examiner-Robert Halper POTASSUMAND MAGNESUMWALUES FROM Attorney-Ward, McElhannon, Brooks & Fitzpatrick AQUEOUSSALT SOLUTIONS CONTAINING THE SAME 11 Claims, 4 Drawing Figs. ABSTRACT: Kainite immersed in brine in equilibrium con 52) U.S. Cl........................................................ 23138, verted to carnalite by cooling to about 10 C. or under. Car 209/11, 209/166,23191, 22/121 nallite so obtained purified by cold flotation. Purified carnal (5) Int. Cl......................................................... B03b 1100, lite water leached to yield magnesium chloride brine and B03d 1102, C01f 5126 potassium chloride salt. Latter optionally converted to potas 50 Field of Search............................................ 209/166,3, sium sulfate by reaction with kainite, or by reacting the carnal 10, 11; 23.19, 38, 121 lite with kainite. Naturally occurring brine concentrated to precipitate principally sodium chloride, mother liquor warm 56 References Cited concentrated to precipitate kainite, cooled under mother UNITED STATES PATENTS liquor for conversion to carnallite. A crude kainite fraction 2,479,001 8/1949 Burke........................... 23.191 purified by warm flotation and a crude carnallite fraction pu 2,689,649 9, 1954 Atwood.... -
Ancient Potash Ores
www.saltworkconsultants.com John Warren - Friday, Dec 31, 2018 BrineSalty evolution Matters & origins of pot- ash: primary or secondary? Ancient potash ores: Part 3 of 3 Introduction Crossow of In the previous two articles in this undersaturated water series on potash exploitation, we Congruent dissolution looked at the production of either Halite Mouldic MOP or SOP from anthropo- or Porosity genic brine pans in modern saline sylvite lake settings. Crystals of interest formed in solar evaporation pans Dissolved solute shows stoichiometric match to precursor, and dropped out of solution as: dissolving salt goes 1) Rafts at the air-brine interface, A. completely into solution 2) Bottom nucleates or, 3) Syn- depositional cements precipitated MgCl in solution B. 2 within a few centimetres of the Crossow of depositional surface. In most cases, undersaturated water periods of more intense precipita- Incongruent dissolution tion tended to occur during times of brine cooling, either diurnally Carnallite Sylvite or seasonally (sylvite, carnallite and halite are prograde salts). All Dissolved solute does not anthropogenic saline pan deposits stoichiometrically match its precursor, examples can be considered as pri- while the dissolving salt goes partially into solution and a mary precipitates with chemistries new daughter mineral remains tied to surface or very nearsurface Figure 1. Congruent (A) versus incongruent (B) dissolution. brine chemistry. In contrast, this article discusses the Dead Sea and the Qaidam sump most closely resemble ancient potash deposits where the post-deposition chem- those of ancient MgSO4-depleted oceans, while SOP fac- istries and ore textures are responding to ongoing alter- tories in Great Salt Lake and Lop Nur have chemistries ation processes in the diagenetic realm. -
General Index
CAL – CAL GENERAL INDEX CACOXENITE United States Prospect quarry (rhombs to 3 cm) 25:189– Not verified from pegmatites; most id as strunzite Arizona 190p 4:119, 4:121 Campbell shaft, Bisbee 24:428n Unanderra quarry 19:393c Australia California Willy Wally Gully (spherulitic) 19:401 Queensland Golden Rule mine, Tuolumne County 18:63 Queensland Mt. Isa mine 19:479 Stanislaus mine, Calaveras County 13:396h Mt. Isa mine (some scepter) 19:479 South Australia Colorado South Australia Moonta mines 19:(412) Cresson mine, Teller County (1 cm crystals; Beltana mine: smithsonite after 22:454p; Brazil some poss. melonite after) 16:234–236d,c white rhombs to 1 cm 22:452 Minas Gerais Cripple Creek, Teller County 13:395–396p,d, Wallaroo mines 19:413 Conselheiro Pena (id as acicular beraunite) 13:399 Tasmania 24:385n San Juan Mountains 10:358n Renison mine 19:384 Ireland Oregon Victoria Ft. Lismeenagh, Shenagolden, County Limer- Last Chance mine, Baker County 13:398n Flinders area 19:456 ick 20:396 Wisconsin Hunter River valley, north of Sydney (“glen- Spain Rib Mountain, Marathon County (5 mm laths donite,” poss. after ikaite) 19:368p,h Horcajo mines, Ciudad Real (rosettes; crystals in quartz) 12:95 Jindevick quarry, Warregul (oriented on cal- to 1 cm) 25:22p, 25:25 CALCIO-ANCYLITE-(Ce), -(Nd) cite) 19:199, 19:200p Kennon Head, Phillip Island 19:456 Sweden Canada Phelans Bluff, Phillip Island 19:456 Leveäniemi iron mine, Norrbotten 20:345p, Québec 20:346, 22:(48) Phillip Island 19:456 Mt. St-Hilaire (calcio-ancylite-(Ce)) 21:295– Austria United States -
OCCURRENCE of BROMINE in CARNALLITE and SYLVITE from UTAH and NEW MEXICO* Manrr Loursp Lrnosonc
OCCURRENCE OF BROMINE IN CARNALLITE AND SYLVITE FROM UTAH AND NEW MEXICO* Manrr Loursp LrNosonc ABSTRACT Both carnallite and sylvite from Eddy County, New Mexico, contain 0.1 per cent of bromine. The bromine content of these minerals from Grand county, utah, is three times as great. No bromine was detected in halite, polyhalite, l5ngbeinite, or anhydrite from New Mexico. Iodine was not detected in any of these minerals. on the basis of the bromine content of the sylvite from New Mexico, it is calculated that 7,000 tons of bromine were present in potash salts mined from the permian basin during the period 1931 to 1945. INrnooucrroN The Geological Survey has previously made tests for bromine and iodine in core samples of potash salts from New Mexico.r Bromine was found to be present in very small amounts. No systematic quantitative determinations were made, nor was the presenceof bromine specificalry correlated with quantitative mineral composition. Sections of potash core from four recently drilled wells and selected pure saline minerals from Eddy County, New Mexico, together with two cores from Grand County, Utah, were therefore analyzed for their bromine and iodine content. The percentage mineral composition was then correlated with the bromine content. rt was found that bromine was restricted to carnall- ite and sylvite. fodine was not detected in any of the samples analyzed. If present, its quantity must be less than .00570. Brine and sea water are the present commercial sourcesof bromine in the United States, though both Germany and U.S.S.R. have utilized potash salts as a source of bromine. -
On Crystalhzed Danburite from Russell, St. Law Rence County, New York,- by GEO
111 ART. XV. - On Crystalhzed Danburite from Russell, St. Law rence County, New York,- by GEO. J. BRUSH and EDWARD S. DANA. H£siorical Note.--In December last (1879) we received a box of minerals from Mr. C. D. Nims, the well-known mineral col lector of Northern New York, containing several specimens labelled "unknown." Among these were a few prismatic white weathered crystals that had been considered to be feld spar, to which our attention was specially called by Mr. Nims. On a pyrognostic examination this substance proved to be an anhydrous boro-silicate, corresponding in physical characters with the rare species danburite. Mr. Nims at that time gener ously placed at our disposal all of the small amount of this material he had in his possession, for scientific examination_ These specimens we investigated as thoroughly as they allowed both chemically and crystallographically, and the conclusions reached were identical with those described in this paper. Upon learning further from Mr. Nims that there w·as a proba bility of his being able to obtain, in the following spring, more abundant material and of better quality, we deferred publica tion. Our expectations and those of Mr. Nims have been fully 112 Brush and Dana-Danburitefrom Russell, N. Y realized, and the material which he has forwarded to us, as the result of his recent active explorations, is all that could be de sired both as to quantity and quality. We take pleasure in acknowledging here our indebtedness to him for his prompt ness and liberality. Method of occurrence.-The mineral occurs both crystallized and massive, imbedded in what Mr. -
179 Overprinting of Hydrothermal Regimes I N
179 OVERPRINTING OF HYDROTHERMAL REGIMES IN THE PALIMPINON GEOTHERMAL F I E L D , SOUTHERN NEGROS, PHILIPPINES T.M. L e a c h and I.Bogie Kingston Reynol ds Thom 1ardice Limited (KRTA) ABSTRACT major hydrothermal regimes are evident from the teration mineralogy in the Palimpinon Geothermal Field. A relict mineral zonation consisting potassic, advanced argill and propyl itic zones appears to have formed in response to the intrusion of a large in the western section of the field. A recent mineral zonation, that is interpreted t o have formed during the current geothermal system, is superimposed on the relict system and appears to be centered around the eastern portion of the field. The ict assemblages have many characteristics of a failed or barren porphyry copper system. The ict advanced ic mineralogy is interpreted to be of magmatic fluid origin and probably has not formed from the present geothermal regime with its Figure la: Well locations and cross section line predominant meteoric fluid component. The abundant Palimpinon Geothermal anhydrite being deposited in this geothermal system Field. Resistivity contours are shown is interpreted to have originated by redistribution in ohm-metres = 500 m) of anhydrite formed initially during the relict mag- matic hydrothermal system. Most Philippine systems are similar. INTRODUCT I0N Elevation An of the location and development of the Palimpinon field is given by Maunder et al. (1982). A general stratigraphy and subsurface geology derived from well geology is given in The youngest formation, the Cuernos Volcanics .) consists of an upper dacite unit (with a age of 14,000 years B.P.) and a lower clinopyroxene andesite. -
Assessment of the Molecular Structure of the Borate Mineral Boracite
Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 96 (2012) 946–951 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/saa Assessment of the molecular structure of the borate mineral boracite Mg3B7O13Cl using vibrational spectroscopy ⇑ Ray L. Frost a, , Yunfei Xi a, Ricardo Scholz b a School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, G.P.O. Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia b Geology Department, School of Mines, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto, MG 35400-00, Brazil highlights graphical abstract " Boracite is a magnesium borate mineral with formula: Mg3B7O13Cl. " The crystals belong to the orthorhombic – pyramidal crystal system. " The molecular structure of the mineral has been assessed. " Raman spectrum shows that some Cl anions have been replaced with OH units. article info abstract Article history: Boracite is a magnesium borate mineral with formula: Mg3B7O13Cl and occurs as blue green, colorless, Received 23 May 2012 gray, yellow to white crystals in the orthorhombic – pyramidal crystal system. An intense Raman band Received in revised form 2 July 2012 À1 at 1009 cm was assigned to the BO stretching vibration of the B7O13 units. Raman bands at 1121, Accepted 9 July 2012 1136, 1143 cmÀ1 are attributed to the in-plane bending vibrations of trigonal boron. Four sharp Raman Available online 13 August 2012 bands observed at 415, 494, 621 and 671 cmÀ1 are simply defined as trigonal and tetrahedral borate bending modes. The Raman spectrum clearly shows intense Raman bands at 3405 and 3494 cmÀ1, thus Keywords: indicating that some Cl anions have been replaced with OH units. -
Congolite and Trembathite from the Kłodawa Salt Mine, Central Poland: Records of the Thermal History of the Parental Salt Dome
1387 The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 50, pp. 1387-1399 (2012) DOI : 10.3749/canmin.50.5.1387 CONGOLITE AND TREMBATHITE FROM THE KŁODAWA SALT MINE, CENTRAL POLAND: RECORDS OF THE THERMAL HISTORY OF THE PARENTAL SALT DOME JACEK WACHOWIAK§ AGH – University of Science and Technology, Department of Economic and Mining Geology; al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland ADAM PIECZKA AGH – University of Science and Technology, Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry; al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland ABSTRACT Pseudocubic crystals of (Fe,Mg,Mn)3B7O13Cl borate, ≤ 1.2 mm in size and yellowish through pale-violet to pale-violet- brown and brownish in color, were found in the Kłodawa salt dome, located within the Mid-Polish Trough (central Poland), an axial part of the Polish basin belonging to a system of Permian-Mesozoic epicontinental basins of Western and Central Europe. The crystals occur in adjacent parts of the Underlying Halite and Youngest Halite units bordering the Anhydrite Pegmatite unit around the PZ–3/PZ–4 (Leine/Aller) boundary. The internal texture of the crystals reflects phase-transitions from rhombohedral congolite (space-group symmetry R3c) through orthorhombic ericaite (Pca21) to a cubic, high-temperature, mainly Fe-dominant analogue of boracite (F43c), indicating formation of the phases under increasing temperature. Currently, the parts of the crystals showing orthorhombic and cubic morphology generally represent congolite and, much less frequently, trembathite paramorphs after higher-temperature structural varieties of (Fe,Mg,Mn)3B7O13Cl and (Mg,Fe,Mn)3B7O13Cl, which are unstable at room- temperature. The phase-transitions R3c → Pca21 and Pca21 → F43c recorded in the morphology of the growing crystals took place at temperatures of 230–250 °C and 310–315 °C, respectively, whereas the total range of (Fe,Mg,Mn)3B7O13Cl borate crystallization was determined to be ca.