'To Use Our Talents and Improve Them' Women's Careers in the London Art World 1820—1860
1 “To use our talents and improve them” Women’s careers in the London art world, 1820-1860 2 Declaration of authorship I, Johanna Holmes, hereby declare that this thesis and the work presented in it is entirely my own. Where I have consulted the work of others, this is always clearly stated. All illustrations are reproduced with the kind permission of copyright holders. Signed:………… ……………….. Date:…………25 July 2020.……………………………….. 3 Abstract This study investigates women’s access to work opportunities, and management of their subsequent working careers, in the London art world between 1820 and 1860. As markets became more buoyant, in the 1820s, giving way to a tide of consumerism and mass production from the 1830s onward, the workplace associated with art diversified and grew, yielding new opportunities for training and work in illustration and reproduction, design of commodities, art-teaching and art- historical study to both men and women who, in many cases, also pursued careers as practising artists. Nevertheless, when Emily Mary Osborn’s painting ‘Nameless and Friendless’ was exhibited in 1857, it followed a tradition established in the early 1840s of presenting a demure young woman, clearly vulnerable and insecure in the commercial world, attempting unsuccessfully to earn some much-needed income from her paintings. The narrative of her ‘plight’ in seeking an income from an inadequate education has persisted to the present day, but it is argued here that this did not literally reflect the experience, either of the painting’s female creator, or of other women working in this and associated occupations at the time.
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