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Flora De Minas Gerais - Begoniaceae

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Flora De Minas Gerais - Begoniaceae CAROLINA DELFINI FELICIANO FLORA DE MINAS GERAIS - BEGONIACEAE Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências, na área de Botânica Orientador: Dr. Vinicius Castro Souza São Paulo 2009 FICHA CATALOGRÁFICA Delfini Feliciano, Carolina FLORA DE MINAS GERAIS – BEGONIACEAE 143 páginas Dissertação (Mestrado) – Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de Botânica. 1. Begoniaceae 2. Begonia 3. Taxonomia 4. Flora 5. Minas Gerais I. Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Biociências. Departamento de Botânica. COMISSÃO JULGADORA: ______________________ _____________________ Prof(a). Dr(a).: Prof(a). Dr(a): ______________________ _____________________ Prof(a). Dr(a).: Prof(a). Dr(a): ____________________________ Prof. Dr. Vinicius Castro Souza Orientador Aos meus pais Silvia e Antonio Valdir e aos meus avós Olívia Delfini (in memoriam) e Oscar Delfini, DEDICO A Deus e ao meu país, OFEREÇO “(...) Um homem precisa viajar. Por sua conta, não por meio de histórias, imagens, livros ou TV. Precisa viajar por si, com seus olhos e pés, para entender o que é seu. Para um dia plantar suas próprias árvores e dar-lhes valor. Conhecer o frio para desfrutar do calor. E o oposto. Sentir a distância e o desabrigo para estar bem sob o próprio teto. Um homem precisa viajar para lugares que não conhece para quebrar essa arrogância que nos faz ver o mundo como imaginamos e não simplesmente como ele é ou pode ser. Que nos faz professores e doutores do que não vimos, quando deveríamos ser alunos e simplesmente ir ver". Amyr Klink AGRADECIMENTOS Expresso meus mais sinceros agradecimentos a todos aqueles que, direta ou indiretamente, deram sua contribuição ao longo deste caminho... Concluo este trabalho com a certeza de que sua realização teria sido impossível sem o apoio de tantas pessoas e algumas Instituições, aos quais agradeço em especial: Ao Instituto de Biociências (Depto. de Botânica/USP) e ao Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal (Depto. de Ciências Biológicas ESALQ/USP), pelas instalações e equipamentos disponibilizados; À Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), pela bolsa concedida; Ao Instituto Plantarum, pela bolsa concedida durante minha graduação, no início de meus estudos com Begonia; Ao meu orientador, Vinicius Castro Souza, quem me acolheu na ESALQ desde a minha graduação e acreditou em mim, obrigada pelas oportunidades, sugestões e pelo aprendizado ao longo desses anos; Aos curadores dos herbários que disponibilizaram materiais de suas coleções, pela acolhida durante as visitas e pelo envio dos materiais de empréstimo, sem os quais a qualidade deste trabalho estaria comprometida. Agradeço também à curadoria do herbário ESA pelo espaço concedido; À Dra. Maria Cândida H. Mamede, à Msc. Sandra Jules Gomes da Silva e à Dra. Eliane de Lima Jacques, pelas valiosas discussões, sugestões e bibliografias sobre as Begoniaceae; Ao Márcio Lara, pelas longas horas de dedicação na elaboração e recobrimento das pranchas, pelo cuidado e capricho das ilustrações primorosas; Aos botânicos Juliana de Paula-Souza e Gerson Oliveira Romão e ao Rodrigo Tsuji, obrigada pela disponibilidade, paciência, pela infatigável persistência na procura das begônias, pelo bom humor e por tornarem as viagens de coleta não somente trabalho; Aos funcionários do Laboratório de Sistemática Vegetal do Depto. de Ciências Biológicas ESALQ/USP: D. Maria, Sr. Vitor e Ony e aos funcionários do Instituto de Biociências: Helder, Érica e Norberto, pela prontidão, rapidez e alegria em sempre ajudar no possível; Aos meus amigos taxonomistas da ESALQ/USP, do IB/USP e da UNICAMP: Andréa, Dani Sampaio, Euder, Fiorella, Flavinho, Gabriel (Gari), Gerson (Sandal), Gu Shimizu, Julianinha, Ju Kuntz, JuPSouza, Léo Meireles, Marcela (Morangosa), Marcelo (Pinus), Marcelo Trovó, Maura, Maurício-Murício, Paulinha, Thiago (Ibiscú), Thiago (Padre), Viviane (Inhóq) e Wellington, pelas tantas vezes que me ouviram falar das begônias, pelo aprendizado, incentivo, alegria, por tornarem mais agradável a rotina do laboratório; Aos meus amigos não-taxonomistas, Flavinho (Sivirino), Eduardo (Faroli), Felipe (Fininho), Felipe Barbosa, Flávio (Gronho), Gustava (vulgo Augusta), Hector (Bandido), Marquinho (Mini-mim), Mumu, Pelé, Sandrinha Obando, pelo companheirismo, incentivo, alegria, pelas risadas e pela assistência, mesmo às vezes à distância; Ao Dr. Luiz Antônio Rochelle, meu mestre de botânica na graduação, obrigada pelo amor às plantas, pelas aulas que contribuíram para a minha escolha profissional, pelo exemplo de vida e sabedoria; Ao amigo e professor de inglês, Antônio Augusto Bianchi, pela paciência enooorme e pela infatigável persistência durante as aulas, pelos ajustes no abstract, pelas delícias de “Leopoldina City” - cheeses and milk cands - e pelos barbecues regados de muitas risadas; Aos meus pais, Silvia e Antonio Valdir, meu porto seguro, pelo amor incondicional, por acreditarem e confiarem em mim, pela paciência infinita e pelos conselhos, pelo incentivo, apoio, compreensão, (...), imprescindíveis durante meu Mestrado... AMO VOCÊS!!!! Aos meus avós, Olívia (in memoriam) e Oscar, meus ídolos, pelo amor, por acreditarem em mim, pelo incentivo, pela preocupação, pelo exemplo de vida, de sabedoria e de simplicidade; Ao querido amigo Rogerinho, meu guru, pelo estímulo, principalmente nas horas difíceis, pelo carinho, amizade, pela companhia sempre agradabilíssima... Ahhh, e pelo investimento feito com tanto café no banco nas nossas discussões acaloradas sobre os “jirânis”, os “tumãtis”, sobre assuntos frutíferos, não-frutíferos e sobre assuntos sérios; Às minhas amigas queridas, Camila, mamãe Gisele, JuPantufa e Morangosa, pelo ombro, carinho, pelos frequentes “vexames”, pelos cafés filosóficos, por acrescentar muito mais risadas a esta jornada; Ao Marconi, pela alegria e devoção (rsrs...), pelos forrós, pelo incentivo, carinho, pela companhia sempre agradável; Ao Marcinho, pelo amor, pelos sorrisos e companheirismo, pelo bom humor, pela compreensão e cumplicidade, pela paciência inesgotável, apoio e incentivo, por ter-me aguentado nos últimos meses de dissertação, por me completar, me fazer feliz... A todos vocês, MUITO OBRIGADA (de coração!!!) por terem sido parte deste trabalho! ÍNDICE: RESUMO/ABSTRACT ................................................................. 01 1. INTRODUÇÃO E JUSTIFICATIVAS ............................................ 02 1.1. Begoniaceae Aubl. ............................................................................................................. 02 1.2. Histórico ............................................................................................................................ 02 2. OBJETIVOS ....................................................................... 05 3. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS .......................................................... 06 3.1. A área de estudo ................................................................................................................ 06 3.2. Expedições de coleta ........................................................................................................ 07 3.3. Levantamento bibliográfico ............................................................................................ 08 3.4. Consulta aos herbários ..................................................................................................... 08 3.5. Estudo taxonômico ............................................................................................................ 08 A) Folhas ................................................................................................................................ 09 B) Inflorescências e verticilos protetores ................................................................... 10 C) Frutos ................................................................................................................................ 10 4. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO .................................................... 12 4.1. Descrição da família .......................................................................................................... 12 4.2. Descrição do gênero Begonia .......................................................................................... 12 4.3. Chave para as espécies de Begonia L. que ocorrem no Estado de Minas Gerais.... 13 4.4. Descrições das espécies .................................................................................................. 17 4.4.1. B. alchemilloides Meissner ex. A. DC. ................................................................... 17 4.4.2. B. altamiroi Brade ..................................................................................................... 20 4.4.3. B. angularis Raddi ...................................................................................................... 24 4.4.4. B. angulata Vell. .......................................................................................................... 27 4.4.5. B. apparicioi Brade .................................................................................................... 33 4.4.6. B. convolvulacea (Klotzsch) A. DC. …………………………………………………………………….. 36 4.4.7. B. cucullata Willd. ...................................................................................................... 41 4.4.8. B. curtii L.B. Smith & B.G. Schubert ..................................................................... 45 4.4.9. B. digitata Raddi .......................................................................................................
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