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Bolkar Dağlari'nin Auchenorrhynchalari

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Bolkar Dağlari'nin Auchenorrhynchalari BOLKAR DAĞLARI’NIN AUCHENORRHYNCHA’LARI (HEMIPTERA) Ersin DEMİREL DOKTORA TEZİ BİYOLOJİ GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ FENBİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ OCAK 2010 ANKARA Ersin DEMİREL tarafından hazırlanan BOLKAR DAĞLARI’NIN AUCHENORRHYNCHA’LARI (HEMIPTERA) adlı bu tezin Doktora tezi olarak uygun olduğunu onaylarım. Prof. Dr. Abdullah HASBENLİ Tez Danışmanı, Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Gazi Üniversitesi Bu çalışma, jürimiz tarafından oy birliği ile Biyoloji Anabilim Dalında Doktora tezi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Prof. Dr. Suat KIYAK ….………………………………. Biyoloji Bölümü, Gazi Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Abdullah HASBENLİ ….………………………………. Biyoloji Bölümü, Gazi Üniversitesi Prof. Dr. Ercüment ÇOLAK ….………………………………. Biyoloji Bölümü, Ankara Üniversitesi Doç. Dr. Selami CANDAN ….………………………………. Biyoloji Bölümü, Gazi Üniversitesi Doç. Dr. Şerife BAYRAM ….………………………………. Bitki Koruma Bölümü, Ankara Üniversitesi Tarih: 13/01/2010 Bu tez ile G.Ü. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yönetim Kurulu Doktora derecesini onamıştır. Prof. Dr. Bilal TOKLU ….………………………………. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Müdürü TEZ BİLDİRİMİ Tez içindeki bütün bilgilerin etik davranış ve akademik kurallar çerçevesinde elde edilerek sunulduğunu, ayrıca tez yazım kurallarına uygun olarak hazırlanan bu çalışmada bana ait olmayan her türlü ifade ve bilginin kaynağına eksiksiz atıf yapıldığını bildiririm. Ersin DEMİREL iv BOLKAR DAĞLARI’NIN AUCHENORRHYNCHA’LARI (HEMIPTERA) (Doktora tezi) Ersin DEMİREL GAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ Ocak 2010 ÖZET Bu çalışma 2005–2007 yıllarının Nisan–Ağustos ayları arasında İçel (Mersin, Tarsus, Çamlıyayla, Erdemli, Silifke ve Mut), Adana (Pozantı), Niğde (Ulukışla), Karaman (Merkez ve Ayrancı) ve Konya (Ereğli ve Halkapınar) illeri arasında yer alan Bolkar Dağları’ndan toplanan 5475’i erkek, 6748’i dişi toplam 12223 Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera) örneğine dayanmaktadır. İnceleme sonucunda 12’si ülkemiz faunası ve 4’ü bilim âlemi için yeni olan, 13 familya ve 80 cinse ait 157 taksa belirlenmiştir. Belirlenen taksanın tanımları, Dünya ve Türkiye dağılışları ile ergin fotoğraflarının yanı sıra ülkemiz açısından önemli faunistik verilere de yer verilmiştir. Ayrıca belirlenen türlerin yayılışları hakkında zoocoğrafik değerlendirmeler de yapılmıştır. Bilim Kodu : 230.1.058 Anahtar Kelimeler : Bolkar Dağları, Auchenorrhyncha, Fauna, Taksonomi, Sistematik Sayfa Adedi : 566 Tez Yöneticisi : Prof. Dr. Abdullah HASBENLİ v AUCHENORRHYNCHA’S (HEMIPTERA) OF BOLKAR MOUNTAİNS (Ph. D. Thesis) Ersin DEMİREL GAZİ UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY January 2010 ABSRACT This study between the months of April to August of 2005-2007 is based on samples in cities İçel (Mersin, Tarsus, Çamlıyayla, Erdemli, Silifke and Mut), Adana (Pozantı), Niğde (Ulukışla), Karaman (Center and Ayrancı) and Konya (Ereğli and Halkapınar) is located between the mountains of Bolkar; whom collected 5475 of males, 6748 of females, in total number of 12223 one of Auchenorrhyncha (Hemiptera). As a result of this review belonging 13 familia and 80 genera 157 taxa was determined, where 12 of these are from our countries’ fauna and 4 are new to the world of science. In addition to specified description of taxa, distribution of World and Turkey, and adult photos, also there are some important faunistic datas are given. Moreover the zoogeographic assesments are made about the spread of species identified. Bilim Kodu : 230.1.058 Anahtar Kelimeler : Bolkar Mountains, Auchenorrhyncha, Fauna, Taxonomy, Systematics Sayfa Adedi : 566 Tez Yöneticisi : Prof. Dr. Abdullah HASBENLİ vi TEŞEKKÜR Çalışmalarım boyunca değerli yardım ve katkılarıyla beni yönlendiren başta tez danışmanım Prof. Dr. Abdullah HASBENLİ’ye ve onun nezdinde Tez İzleme Komitesinin diğer üyelerine, arazi çalışmalarını birlikte yürüttüğümüz Öğretim Görevlisi Dr. Üzeyir ÇAĞLAR ile Dr. Kadir BAŞAR’a, teşhis aşamasında fikir ve literatür desteği aldığım Dr. Abdul–Nour, Dr. Drosopoulos, Dr. Dworakowska, Dr. Emeljanov ve Dr. Gnezdilov’a, ergin fotoğraflarının çekilmesinde yardımcı olan Doğan Erhan ERSOY’a, laboratuarda görevli tüm mesai arkadaşlarıma ve manevi destekleriyle beni hiçbir zaman yalnız bırakmayan Aileme teşekkürü bir borç bilirim. vii İÇİNDEKİLER Sayfa ÖZET .............................................................................................................iv ABSRACT.......................................................................................................v TEŞEKKÜR....................................................................................................vi İÇİNDEKİLER ............................................................................................... vii ÇİZELGE LİSTESİ ........................................................................................ xii ŞEKİLLERİN LİSTESİ.................................................................................. xiii RESİMLERİN LİSTESİ................................................................................. xiv HARİTALARIN LİSTESİ................................................................................xv SİMGELER VE KISALTMALAR................................................................... xvi 1. GİRİŞ ......................................................................................................... 1 2. MATERYAL VE METOT .......................................................................... 60 3. BULGULAR.............................................................................................. 64 3. 1. Cixiidae Spinola, 1839...................................................................... 64 3. 1. 1. Cixius Latreille, 1804............................................................ 64 3. 1. 2. Hyalesthes Signoret, 1865................................................... 67 3. 1. 3. Pentastira Kirschbaum, 1868............................................... 69 3. 1. 4. Reptalus Emeljanov, 1971 ................................................... 73 3. 1. 5. Tachycixius Wagner, 1939................................................... 74 3. 2. Delphacidae Leach, 1815................................................................. 75 3. 2. 1. Asiraca Latreille, 1796 ......................................................... 76 3. 2. 2. Delphax Fabricius, 1798 ...................................................... 78 3. 2. 3. Dicranotropis Fieber, 1866................................................... 79 viii Sayfa 3. 2. 4. Eurybregma Scott, 1875 ...................................................... 83 3. 2. 5. Javesella Fennah, 1963....................................................... 86 3. 2. 6. Kelisia Fieber, 1866 ............................................................. 88 3. 2. 7. Laodelphax Fennah, 1963 ................................................... 91 3. 2. 8. Megadelphax Wagner, 1963................................................ 93 3. 2. 9. Muirodelphax Wagner, 1963................................................ 94 3. 2. 10. Stenocranus Fieber, 1866.................................................. 96 3. 2. 11. Toya Distant, 1906............................................................. 97 3. 2. 12. Tropidocephala Stal, 1853 ................................................. 99 3. 3. Meenoplidae Fieber, 1872.............................................................. 100 3. 3. 1. Meenoplus Fieber, 1866 .................................................... 101 3. 4. Derbidae Spinola, 1839.................................................................. 102 3. 4. 1. Malenia Haupt, 1924.......................................................... 103 3. 5. Achilidae Stal, 1866........................................................................ 105 3. 5. 1. Cixidia Fieber, 1866 ........................................................... 105 3. 6. Dictyopharidae Spinola, 1839......................................................... 107 3. 6. 1. Callodictya Melichar, 1912................................................. 108 3. 6. 2. Dictyophara Germar, 1833................................................. 109 3. 6. 3. Nymphorgerius Oshanin, 1913 .......................................... 119 3. 6. 4. Raivuna Fennah, 1978....................................................... 121 3. 6. 5. Ranissus Fieber, 1866 ....................................................... 122 3. 7. Tettigometridae Germar, 1821 ....................................................... 125 3. 7. 1. Tettigometra Latreille, 1804 ............................................... 125 ix Sayfa 3. 8. Issidae Spinola, 1839 ..................................................................... 147 3. 8. 1. Agalmatium Emeljanov, 1971 ............................................ 147 3. 8. 2. Bubastia Emeljanov, 1975 ................................................. 156 3. 8. 3. Caliscelis Laporte, 1833..................................................... 157 3. 8. 4. Issus Fabricius, 1803 ......................................................... 159 3. 8. 5. Latilica Emeljanov, 1971 .................................................... 160 3. 8. 6. Mycterodus Spinola, 1839 ................................................. 163 3. 8. 7. Ommatidiotus Spinola, 1839.............................................. 173 3. 8. 8. Peltonotellus Puton, 1886. ................................................. 175 3. 8. 9. Rhissolepus Emeljanov, 1971............................................ 178 3. 8. 10. Scorlupella Emeljanov, 1971............................................ 180 3. 8. 11. Tshurtshurnella Kusnezov, 1927...................................... 184 3. 9.
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