ÏÎÕ ÎÐîéŹƺƿźƸƃìîƱřźƿřƾſŚƴƃƵźƄůƾƬƬưƫřƲ ǀŝƵźĮƴƧƲǀƫƹř Difficulties in building a molecular phylogeny of the issidoid planthopper lineages (Insecta: Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea) V. M. Gnezdilov1, Th. Bourgoin2, F. Mozaffarian3&* and S. Manzari3 1. Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab.1, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia,
[email protected],
[email protected] 2. UMR-7205 (ISYEB) MNHN-CNRS-UPMC-EPHE, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, CP50, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75231 Paris cedex 5, France,
[email protected] 3. Insect Taxonomy Research Department, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran,
[email protected] *Corresponding author, E-mail:
[email protected],
[email protected] Abstract Four gene loci COI, 28S (D4D5 and 28SD6), and 18S (helix 17 up to helix 50) were sequenced successfully for 32 (COI), 29 (18S) and 30 (28S) species from a sampling of 36 species representing 29 genera of the families Issidae, Caliscelidae, Tropiduchidae, Nogodinidae, Ricaniidae, Dictyopharidae, Flatidae and Aphrophoridae. Analysis of the resulting molecular phylogenies shows a low support of the results presented, probably due to genes and species sampling bias not enough representative of diversity and evolution of issidoid lineages. While Issidae monophyly is not clearly recovered, monophyly of Western Palaearctic issid genera and Caliscelidae respectively seems well supported; however genus Bubastia Emeljanov appears