Appendix 11 Future Socio-Economic Framework
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APPENDIX 11 FUTURE SOCIO-ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK Page 11.1 DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL AND CONSTRAINT A11-1 11.2 URBAN LAND USE TYPES AND DISTRIBUTING PRINCIPLES A11-4 NUTRANS The Study on Master Plan for Urban Transport in the Nairobi Metropolitan Area APPENDIX 11 FUTURE SOCIO-ECONOMIC FRAMEWORK 11.1 DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL AND CONSTRAINT Water Supply Capacity The existing water supply in the Nairobi City has four sources, namely Kikuyu Spring, Sasumua Dam, Ruiru Dam, and Ngethu. Water shortage is a growing problem in the Nairobi Metropolitan Area because of the water loss reportedly amounting to some 50% of total water supply and expanding population. Water supply plan with target year 2000 was formulated in the “Third Nairobi Water Supply Project". The projected population of Nairobi City would be 3.86 million and corresponding projected water demand would be 752.2 thousand cubic meters per day in 2010. Planned area of piped water supply covers the whole Nairobi City and some part of Ruiru to the north, and Syokimau to the southeast. Local area water supply projects are proposed in Ngong and Ongata Rongai to the southwest and Western Shamba Area to the northwest of Nairobi City. Gravity type water supply system can be applicable to the areas less than 1,700m above sea level in the Nairobi Metropolitan Region (See Figure 11.1-1). FIGURE 11.1-1 WATER SUPPLY SCHEME IN NAIROBI CITY Final Report Appendix A11-1 NUTRANS The Study on Master Plan for Urban Transport in the Nairobi Metropolitan Area Sewerage Treatment Plan The whole Nairobi City is not covered by the existing sewerage system managed by Nairobi City Water and Sewerage Company. Sewer mains are laid along the Nairobi River, Matari and Ruiruaka River, and Ngong River. Nearly 20 sewerage disposal plants are operated. Large scale sewerage disposal plants exists at Dandora and Kariobangi. Septic tank and latrines are used in those area where sewerage disposal system is not available. Sewerage disposal plan up to 2020 was shown in "Nairobi Master Plan for Sewers, Sanitation and Drainage”. According to the Plan, projected population in Nairobi City would be 4.09 million in 2020 and high population increase was assumed in Embakasi Division. The planned sewerage disposal area was determined basically to accord to that of water supply. Local area sewerage disposal systems are proposed in Ngong and Ongata Rongai area to the southwest and Western Shamba Area to the northwest of Nairobi City (See Table 11.1-1 and Figure 11.1-2). TABLE 11.1-1 PROJECTED POPULATION FOR SEWERAGE DISPOSAL BY DISTRICT Location Population 1999 2020 Nairobi 2,143,254 4,090,000 Central 234,942 295,000 Makadara 197,434 174,000 Karasani 338,925 670,000 Embakasi 434,884 1,165,000 Punwani 202,211 326,000 Westlands 207,610 409,000 Dagoretti 240,509 606,500 Kibera 286,739 444,500 Surrounding Area Ruiru 354,000 Kiambu/western Shamba 494,700 Ngong/Ongatta Rongai 255,000 Athi River 170,000 Syiokimau 130,000 Source: "Nairobi Master Plan for Sewer, Sanitation and Drainage Third Nairobi Water Supply Project", 1998, Nairobi City Council Final Report Appendix A11-2 NUTRANS The Study on Master Plan for Urban Transport in the Nairobi Metropolitan Area FIGURE 11.1-2 ASSUMED URBANIZED AREA UP TO 2020 FOR SEWERAGE DISPOSAL PLAN Final Report Appendix A11-3 NUTRANS The Study on Master Plan for Urban Transport in the Nairobi Metropolitan Area 11.2 URBAN LAND USE TYPES AND DISTRIBUTING PRINCIPLES Commerce Sub-centers, distribution areas and local commercial areas are proposed to avoid the excessive concentration caused by the incessant influx of urban functions to the central area in the future (Table 11.2-1). TABLE 11.2-1 LAND USE TYPES AND DISTRIBUTION PRINCIPLES (COMMERCE) Land use/function type Future land use demand Principle of distribution Central business district: So-called CBD is usually confined Present CBD, the focal point of economic center (headquarters and within the walking radius of some 1km, transport with good accessibility central governments) as a center of therefore density of CBD will proceed. from the whole Nairobi Metropolitan the Nairobi Metropolitan Area and If plot size ratio regulation is applied, Area Kenya; urban functions spilt over from the CBD high-level commercial function will form subcenters. (shopping center, speciality stores and restaurants) serving the Nairobi Metropolitan Area Subcenter: Traffic congestion in the heart of the Nodal point of public transport and - public service functions, city is already problematic, and road network with core facilities in administrative functions to lowering the efficiency of business the ranged built-up areas complement economic center; activities. Some business entities have (Dagoretti Corner, Westland) - shopping center, speciality stores already moved out of central area. and daily goods shops to Land use arrangement to take such spilt complement economic center over urban functions will be necessary. Distribution area (industry-oriented): With the expansion of industrial Nodal point of inter-regional arteries - distribution functions (truck producing power, distribution function (areas near present Industrial Area, terminals and warehouses) to work grows. Planned allocation of Athi River Town, areas along together with assembling and distribution function will be necessary Mombasa Road, areas adjacent to processing industries mainly for the fluency of traffic. newly proposed industrial area) composed of heavy industry Distribution area As the progress of economy and Nodal point of inter-regional artery (commerce-oriented): expansion of population, distribution in the outskirts of the urbanized area - distribution function (distribution function grows. and intra-regional artery center and warehouses) to trade with Planned allocation of distribution (areas along Jogoo Road, Outer Ring other industrial areas in the Nairobi function will be necessary for the Road, and Juja Road) Metropolitan Area and transport fluency of traffic. goods and products to those areas Local commercial areas: As a center of daily activities of the Present central areas of - everyday goods stores and some inhabitants (milieu), future demand for municipalities and townships and speciality stores as a center of daily area will depend on the future central areas of proposed new town activities of the inhabitants (milieu) population size of the catchment area. (central area of Thika, Athi River, Kiambu, Limuru, Ruiru, Kikuyu, Tala/Kangundo, and proposed new town) Industry Large scale inland industrial area in new town, industrial area related to distribution, small scale inland industrial area corresponding to Jua Kali adjacent to housing zone, and agricultural produce processing industrial area are proposed as a main component of industry (Table 11.2-2). Final Report Appendix A11-4 NUTRANS The Study on Master Plan for Urban Transport in the Nairobi Metropolitan Area TABLE 11.2-2 LAND USE TYPES AND DISTRIBUTION PRINCIPLES (INDUSTRY) Land use/function type Future land use demand Principle of distribution Large scale inland industrial area: As the driving force of the economic Areas convenient to utilize - large scale assembling and development, preparation for the inter-regional arteries processing industries to promote future demand for land is necessary. (present Industrial Area near regional and economic Nairobi Station, Athi River EPZ, development of the Nairobi proposed new town) Metropolitan Area and Kenya Airport related industrial area: Land demand depends on the scale of Areas around Embakasi Airport - high value-added industry (ex. cut future high value-added industries. (ex.Athi River EPZ) flower industry) Currently cut flower industry exporting to Europe is regarded as almost only such industry. Not so much land demand is expected in the future. Small scale inland industrial area: The area is for the existing assembling Vacant areas adjacent to the - small scale city oriented and processing industries in built-up populous area with good assembling and processing industry area including a part of “Jua Kali” accessibility to central area (area (food, furniture, etc.) industry through group relocation to nearby Wilson Airport, eastern form new industrial area containing area of Karen Road, Danrora, housing plots. Kassarani, Ruaraka) Distribution related industrial It will correlate to the extent of Nodal points of intra-regional area: population and economy accumulated arteries between CBD and freight - assembling and processing in the metropolitan area. transport hub (Embakasi Airport industry depending on the and Nairobi Station) distribution function to support (ex. areas along the proposed industrial production within the southern bypass) urbanized area Agricultural produce processing Although expansion of agricultural Areas along inter-regional and industrial area: producing power in the future is intra-regional arteries adjacent to industry to process local uncertain, expansion of value-added local center with high agricultural agricultural products (dairy, meet, amount through processing will be potential tea, coffee, etc.) expected. (Thika, Kiambu, Limuru, Tala/Kangundo, Kikuyu) Industrial area in built-up area: The area is for the existing industries Present industrial sites and - small scale city-oriented industry in built-up area including a part of available lands for relocation (food, printing, etc.) “Jua Kali” industry through relocation. within built-up area Total amount of land will be almost (ex. railway yard) stable before and after. Industrial area along trunk