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The Appraisal of Bias and Power As Expressed in Several Indonesian News Articles About Indonesia New House Speaker Inauguration

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The Appraisal of Bias and Power As Expressed in Several Indonesian News Articles About Indonesia New House Speaker Inauguration 9olume 5(1) 2017 38%/,.A BUDAYA Halaman 6-11 THE APPRAISAL OF BIAS AND 32:(R AS EXPRESSED IN SEVERA/ IND21(SIAN NEWS ARTICLES ABO87 IND21(SIA NEW HOUSE S3E$.ER INA8*85ATION Ismi .untum Zulaikha, Sabta Diana, S.S.,M.A. English Department, Faculty of Humanities, University of Jember (81E-) Jln. .alimantan 37 Jember 68121 E-mail: zulaiNhaisme#gmail.com Abstract This research discusses aEout Eias and power in the four chosen news articles puElished Ey the -akarta 3ost. Those four articles discuss the competition Eetween two Eickering factions inside Golkar 3arty, Bakrie‘s group and Laksono‘s group, to graE the position of new house speaker in early 2016. The main goal of this research is to reveal the power and Eias applied implicitly through the linguistic features enacted in media. The revelation of Eias is analyzed through its linguistic choice Ey using Appraisal theory proposed Ey Martin and :hite (2005). Since Eias is one of the social inequalities phenomena, this research is revealed under Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) scope, especially using Firclough‘s three dimensional frameworNs, which deals with analyzing the relation Eetween language and social context. The Jakarta 3ost needs to oEey the principles of journalist that are Eeing neutral, independent and oEjective in informing the news. However, the result of this research shows that the media is possible to do Eias Eecause of political interest. .eywords: Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), 1ew House Speaker ,nauguration, Bias, Appraisal theory 1. Introduction media have reported this issue. 2ne of the media that informs this issue is the -DNarta Post. The internal 1ews article is the media which provides the daily conflict inside the GolNar Party is about two dispute information for the reader. Since the technological camps within the GolNar party which want to nominate term is developed, the news daily can Ee consumed via their members as the new house speaker to replace online. :hatever its form, media is still interrelated Setya 1ovanto, the former of house speaNer. They are with the language because the content of the media Aburizal Bakrie‘s camp and Agung LaNsono‘s camp. includes language as the communication instrument to From those social issues about two bickering maNe meaning (2‘.effee, cited in Simpson, 2011:67). factions, it becomes the social context in this research. MaNing meaning here means that media can inform the The main concern of this research is the Eias of the world event based on their point of view. Since the media, the Jakarta Post, upon the one faction inside media has a role to decide the point of view of the fact GolNar Party that is informed in the four chosen news solely, it leads the media to possibly stand upon one articles. Since there are two bickering factions inside side of the event informed. The one-sideness of the GolNar party which want to grab the successor of new media in informing the issue is called media bias. house speaNer, the -DNarta Post has released the Actually, the media has the principle and ethical information that contain of certain tendency upon one code to be neutral in informing the information. Yet, as particular faction, especially from Aburizal Bakrie‘s the institution, the media producer tends to do bias faction. The Eias, then, is revealed through the because of certain interests. The stronger interests are linguistic features enacted in the news articles. caused of political and economical interest. The The revelation of Eias is conducted under three political interest, then, drives the media to support one methods that consist of Critical Discourse Analysis of the groups intentionally and it leads the reader, as (CDA), Appraisal System proposed by 0artin and the consumer, to follow with the issue informed in the White (2005) and the notion of bias. media. The media also consider the political interest As explained before, media is interelated with because of supporting certain elite group such as linguistic features. Regarding to the linguistic features, political party or certain group in the government. the Appraisal is the appliable tools to analyze the The one of the political events in ,ndonesia is the linguistic features. ,t deals with the evaluation using internal dispute inside the big party in ,ndonesia three sub-systems. They are Attitude, Engagement and namely Golongan .arya (GolNar). ,t becomes the Graduation. Attitude deals with evaluating something controversial issue as it involves several well-Nnown emotively. Engagement deals with adding the external political figures in the government. All of ,ndonesian voice and modality as the rhetorical proposition in the )" 5Æ©•≤≥©¥°≥ *••≤ 0°ß• y 9olume 5(1) 2017 38%/,.A BUDAYA Halaman 6-11 statement. Meanwhile graduation concerns to the using three resources of appraisal proposed by Martin amplifying and minimizing the sense of the statement. and White (2005) such as attitude, engagement and Additionally, this research is also conducted under graduation. Then, labeling the word served bias and CDA because it reveals the power abuse and social power using those three resources of appraisal. Those inequality led by the media through the linguistic three appraisal sub systems will be categorized in this features enacted by the Mournalist solely in media. As way: Attitude which consists of affect, Mudgment and the CDA analyst, the assumption of bias done by the appreciation is labeled on the quality expressed in media is applied and , believe that the media oppose adMective and adverb, process expressed in verE and one certain faction from Agung Laksono‘s group. comment expressed in modal adMunct. Engagement Related to the problem to analyze, then, the which consists of proclaim, disclaim, attribution and research questions are emerged to get the clear path in entertain is labeled on the verb and modality. Then, analyzing the problem in this research. The research graduation which consists of focus and force is labeled questions are: in the intensity of the evaluative word. The last step is a. How does the appraisal work on the interpreting the data to make the plain explanation of four the Jakarta Post news bias in the text. articles? Regarding to the CDA scope used in this analysis, the three-dimensional framework of discourse b. How does the news articles the Jakarta Post proposed by Fairclough (1989) is employed. The take a position upon method deals with three analysises. Firstly is called the dispute issue inside Golkar Micro analysis which deals with descriEing the Party? linguistic features in the news articles. 0ezzo analysis becomes the second method that deals with interpreting the data by looNing closer to the discourse 2. Research Methodology practice and its relation with linguistic choice the media. Lastly, macro analysis deals with explaining the This research uses Tualitative reaserch since this conclusion of the relation Eetween discursive practices research applies the interpretation and description, in the media with the social practice in the reality. mainly to interpret and describe the word, language This research is and clauses in the news articles. As Denzin and Lincoln states in Marlangen that the process of interpretation is covered in qualitative types (2014:23). 3. Result ,t means that, the result which employs a descriptive method is included into the qualitative research. This research provides the results from the three ,n addition, the oEMect of the research is taken from sub-systems of Appraisal. Firstly, the result of the online daily news. Since the online daily news is linguistic features distributed in the media is analyzed also compatible and efficient instrument of the with Attitude system. The result is shown as follow: documentary source, the case of documentary not always archived in the form of paper. As MacCulloh The Results of Attitude Analysis cited in Marlangen that the data collected from Attitude‘s st nd rd th Tota documentary sources can be from government paper, sources 1 2 3 4 l diaries, newspaper and so on (2014: 23). Thus, the articl articl articl articl strategy of documentary fits in this research. e e e e As mentioned above, the obMect of this research is Affect - - - - 4 news articles namely the -DNarta Post. The news Judgment 2 6 1 1 10 articles are provided in online and printed. Meanwhile, Appreciatio 3 4 1 6 14 in this research, the articles are gathered from the n internet. They are accessed from Overall 3 10 2 7 24 www.theMakartapost.com website page. There are four The most dominant of attitude analysis is news articles gathered as the obMect of research which appreciation. The most use of appreciation is applied discuss about the competition Eetween two dispute in the second news articles. camps in the GolNar Party to grab the house speaker The next is the result of Engagement system applied position. The news articles were accessed on -anuary to sort the linguistic features. The result is shown as th 28 , 2016. follow: The next is processing the data. Firstly the data are sorted based on the bias-contained in the news articles. The next step is categorizing the linguistic features distributed in each sentence selected. ,t is categorized )" 5Æ©•≤≥©¥°≥ *••≤ 0°ß• z 9olume 5(1) 2017 38%/,.A BUDAYA Halaman 6-11 Overall 5 6 - 2 13 The result of Graduation system is mostly equal between intensification and quantification. However, The Results of Engagement Analysis the media prefer employs force as the graduation Engagement st nd rd th Tot system rather than focus. ‘s sources 1 2 3 4 al articl articl articl articl 4. Discussion e e e e Deny 1 1 3 1 6 From the result before shows that the most dominant Counter 1 3 - - 6 use of Appraisal, the first news article is dominantly Affirm - 2 - - 2 used acNnowledgement in each news articles.
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