The Pseudoscience of Anti-Anti-Ufology
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The Beginner's Guide to 'Holistic' Wellness
BOOK REVIEWS in the progression of the disease when The Beginner’s Guide to prayer was used” (p. 98). For such a bold statement, the evidence is pretty weak, ‘Holistic’ Wellness however. There are very few studies on DIMITRY ROTSTEIN personal prayer (none are double-blind, of course), and their results are mixed Mayo Clinic Book of Alternative Medicine. By The Mayo even for treating purely psychological Clinic. Time Inc. Home Entertainment Books, New York, symptoms. More disturbing is the fact 2007. ISBN: 1-933405-92-9. 192 pp. Hardcover, $24.95. that the book doesn’t make a distinc- tion between personal and intercessory prayer, even though the latter is known to have no effect according to well-de- he Mayo Clinic Book of mean that perhaps we skeptics have signed studies (including one by the Alterna tive Medicine is the been unfair to “alternative medicine” Mayo Clinic itself). None of these facts most significant publication of and that there is more to it than just T is ever mentioned. In summary, the evi- the Mayo Clinic Complementary and placebo, self-delusion, quackery, or, at dence of the effectiveness of these “ther- Integrative Medicine Program’s team, best, some outdated healing techniques? apies” against any real disease is either which has been studying various forms Perhaps not. dubious or non-existent. Of course, of complementary and alternative medi- True, of the twenty-five CAM ther- controlling such factors as stress and cine (CAM, for short) since 2001. Here apies, fourteen are recommended as depression is important for your health, you will find nothing but reliable and safe and effective for “treating” various but there is no indication that any of the easy-to-understand information from diseases. -
Searching for Security in the Mystical the Function of Paranormal Beliefs
Searching for Security in the Mystical The Function of Paranormal Beliefs MARTIN R. GRIMMER ver the past two decades, the paranor- mal has enjoyed something of a revival Owithin popular culture. There have been countless books, magazine and newspaper articles, movies, and television programs devoted to topics ranging from UFOs, the Bermuda Triangle, lost continents, Yetis, and Belief in the the Loch Ness monster, to pyramid power, astrology, levitation, telepathy, precognition, paranormal and poltergeists. Sociologist Marcello Truzzi appears to satisfy (1972) suggested that this boom in paranormal interest began around the late sixties, noting some very basic, if that Ouija boards outsold such popular board inconsistent games as Monopoly. human needs. It Lately, the paranormal seems to have mani- fested in the form of the New Age movement— will probably a loose combination of ideas encompassing spir- remain with us itualism, mysticism, alternative healing, and a healthy dose of commercialism. Some may think forever. this is mainly an American phenomenon, but it is estimated that Australians alone now spend $100 million a year on personal-transformation courses that delve deeply into such fringe areas as rebirthing, shamanism, channeling, and crystal healing. To some observers, the New Age movement is seen as a sort of quasi-religious justification for "yuppiedom"—how to make money and feel "really great" about it at the same time. Winter 1992 Research studies worldwide have written on this topic, several themes revealed an extensive belief in and in the human motive to believe can acceptance of the paranormal. In a be identified. survey of the readers of Britain's New First, paranormal beliefs may oper- Scientist magazine, a high proportion ate to reassure the believer that there of whom are reported to hold post- is order and control in what may graduate degrees, Evans (1973) found otherwise appear to be a chaotic that 67 percent believed that ESP was universe (Frank 1977). -
SKEPTICAL INQUIRER Vol
SKEPTICAL INQUIRER Vol. 18. No. 4 THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER is the official journal of the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal, an international organization. Editor Kendrick Frazier. Editorial Board James E. Alcock, Barry Beyerstein, Susan J. Blackmore, Martin Gardner, Ray Hyman, Philip J. Klass, Paul Kurtz, Joe Nickell, Lee Nisbet, Bela Scheiber. Consulting Editors Robert A. Baker, William Sims Bainbridge, John R. Cole, Kenneth L. Feder, C. E. M. Hansel, E. C. Krupp, David F. Marks, Andrew Neher, James E. Oberg, Robert Sheaffer, Steven N. Shore. Managing Editor Doris Hawley Doyle. Contributing Editor Lys Ann Shore. Writer Intern Thomas C. Genoni, Jr. Cartoonist Rob Pudim. Business Manager Mary Rose Hays. Assistant Business Manager Sandra Lesniak. Chief Data Officer Richard Seymour. Fulfillment Manager Michael Cione. Production Paul E. Loynes. Art Linda Hays. Audio Technician Vance Vigrass. Librarian Jonathan Jiras. Staff Alfreda Pidgeon, Etienne C. Rios, Ranjit Sandhu, Sharon Sikora, Elizabeth Begley (Albuquerque). The Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal Paul Kurtz, Chairman; professor emeritus of philosophy, State University of New York at Buffalo. Barry Karr, Executive Director and Public Relations Director. Lee Nisbet, Special Projects Director. Fellows of the Committee James E. Alcock,* psychologist, York Univ., Toronto; Robert A. Baker, psychologist, Univ. of Kentucky; Stephen Barrett, M.D., psychiatrist, author, consumer advocate, Allentown, Pa. Barry Beyerstein,* biopsychologist, Simon Fraser Univ., Vancouver, B.C., Canada; Irving Biederman, psychologist, Univ. of Southern California; Susan Blackmore,* psychologist, Univ. of the West of England, Bristol; Henri Broch, physicist, Univ. of Nice, France; Jan Harold Brunvand, folklorist, professor of English, Univ. -
2013 October
TTSIQ #5 page 1 OCTOBER 2013 Reducing space transportation costs considerably is vital to achievement of mankind’s goals & dreams in space NEWS SECTION pp. 3-70 p. 3 Earth Orbit and Mission to Planet Earth p. 17 Cislunar Space and the Moon p. 26 Mars and the Asteroids p. 45 Other Planets and their moons p. 62 Starbound ARTICLES & ESSAYS pp. 72-95 p. 72 Covering Up Lunar Habitats with Moondust? - Some Precedents Here on Earth - Peter Kokh p. 74 How can we Stimulate Greater Use of the International Space Station? - Peter Kokh p. 75 AS THE WORLD EXPANDS The Epic of Human Expansion Continues - Peter Kokh p. 77 Grytviken, South Georgia Island - Lessons for Moonbase Advocates - Peter Kokh K p. 78 The “Flankscopes” Project: Seeing Around the Edges of the Moon - Peter Kokh p. 81 Integrating Cycling Orbits to Enhance Cislunar Infrastructure - Al Anzaldua p. 83 The Responsibilities of Dual Citizenship for Our economy, Our planet, and the Evolution of a Space Faring Civilization - David Dunlop p. 87 Dueling Space Roadmaps - David Dunlop p. 91 A Campaign for the International Lunar Geophysical Year: Some Beginning Considerations - David Dunlop STUDENTS & TEACHERS pp. 97-100 p. 97 Lithuanian Students Hope for free Launch of 2 Amateur Radio CubeSats p. 98 NASA Selects 7 University Projects For 2014 X-Hab Innovation Challenge Penn State University “Lions” take on the Google Lunar X-Prize Challenge p. 99 Do you experience “Manhattan Henge” in your home town? Advanced Robot with more sophisticated motion capabilities unveiled The Ongoing CubeSat Revolution: what it means for Student Space Science p. -
Violent Video Games: Dogma, Fear, and Pseudoscience
SI Sept/Oct 2009 pgs 7/22/09 2:33 PM Page 38 Violent Video Games: Dogma, Fear, and Pseudoscience Video games are at the center of a modern media-based moral panic. Too often, social scientists have fueled the flames and eschewed good scientific practices. CHRISTOPHER J. FERGUSON chool shootings at high schools and universities are rare but shocking events. Across the last decade or so Swe have come to understand a little about the psychol- ogy of the young men who carry out such horrific crimes. Most typically they are emotionally disturbed, often de- pressed, feel socially isolated and alienated from society, and are filled with rage and hatred. It is natural for society to want easy answers about how such a phenomenon can be controlled. Social scientists want to give those answers. Unfortunately, the human inclination to believe we can pre- dict the unpredictable and control the uncontrollable often leads us to mask the language of fear and irrationality in the language of science. 38 Volume 33, Issue 5 SKEPTICAL INQUIRER SI Sept/Oct 2009 pgs 7/22/09 2:33 PM Page 39 In the case of school shootings and youth violence in gen- son and David Grossman might be forgiven for inflaming fears eral, some scientists have answered the public demand for a with exaggerated claims. Grossman, for instance, has promul- culprit. The alleged corrupting influence of violent video gated the false notion that the military uses video games to games has been identified by some as one root cause. Ignoring desensitize soldiers to killing (they do use simulators for visual the youth-violence data, ignoring inconsistent data from mul- scanning and reaction time and vehicle training, but they seem tiple studies, even ignoring contradictory data from their own more effective in reducing accidental shootings than anything studies, some social scientists have presented the research on else). -
SKEPTICAL INQUIRER Vol
SKEPTICAL INQUIRER Vol. 1818,, No . 2No. 2 ^^ Winter 1994 Winter / 1994/$6.2$6.255 Paul Kurtz William Grey THE NEW THE PROBLEM SKEPTICISM OF 'PSI' Cancer Scares i*5"***-"" —-^ 44 "74 47CT8 3575" 5 THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER is the official journal of the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal, an international organization. Editor Kendrick Frazier. Editorial Board James E. Alcock, Barry Beyerstein, Susan J. Blackmore, Martin Gardner, Ray Hyman, Philip J. Klass, Paul Kurtz, Joe Nickell, Lee Nisbet, Bela Scheiber. Consulting Editors Robert A. Baker, William Sims Bainbridge, John R. Cole, Kenneth L. Feder, C. E. M. Hansel, E. C. Krupp, David F. Marks, Andrew Neher, James E. Oberg, Robert Sheaffer, Steven N. Shore. Managing Editor Doris Hawley Doyle. Contributing Editor Lys Ann Shore. Business Manager Mary Rose Hays. Assistant Business Manager Sandra Lesniak. Chief Data Officer Richard Seymour. Computer Assistant Michael Cione. Production Paul E. Loynes. Asst. Managing Editor Cynthia Matheis. Art Linda Hays. Audio Technician Vance Vigrass. Librarian Jonathan Jiras. Staff Alfreda Pidgeon, Ranjit Sandhu, Sharon Sikora, Elizabeth Begley (Albuquerque). Cartoonist Rob Pudim. The Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal Paul Kurtz, Chairman; professor emeritus of philosophy, State University of New York at Buffalo. Barry Karr, Executive Director and Public Relations Director. Lee Nisbet, Special Projects Director. Fellows of the Committee James E. Alcock,* psychologist, York Univ., Toronto; Robert A. Baker, psychologist, Univ. of Kentucky; Stephen Barrett, M.D., psychiatrist, "author, consumer advocate, Allentown, Pa. Barry Beyerstein,* biopsychologist, Simon Fraser Univ., Vancouver, B.C., Canada; Irving Biederman, psychologist, Univ. -
How It Ended
UFO: How It Ended: part 2 by Anthony Appleyard ([email protected]) This story is written in a development of the fictional world of the 'UFO' space fiction series by Gerry Anderson that was shown on ITV (British television) in the 1970's. The 'HR' star serial numbers are in the Harvard Revised Photometry catalogue, see e.g. the Bright Star Catalogue published by Yale University, New Haven, Conn., USA. SUMMARY OF EVENTS SO FAR I am Commander Ed Straker, commander of SHADO, trying to patch up Earth's space security after recent events. The alien threat seemed to be gradually receding, until four UFO's drew my Interceptors and planes away, letting six others get through. They landed in Scotland, hid in a lake, waited, and 15 days later got away. They made disastrously successful use of that landing. By tapping satellite phone links they tricked or enticed some human electronics students and armaments designers into going with them and aiding them. From them the aliens got new weapons and were all too thoroughly shaken out of their long-term stasis of sticking to the same technology, and SHADO could no longer routinely stop them from landing; one attempt to stop them cost me all three of my Interceptors in one day, and they destroyed SID soon after. Two of these landings were at Arden on the west shore of Loch Lomond in Scotland, seen close up by tens of thousands of people and utterly unhideable. In breach of alien official policy, a faction among the aliens, later backed up by their local command, made more public contacts with Men who wanted interstellar travel and helped them to set up space kit factories on Earth. -
Skep Ti Cal in Quir Er™ the MAG a ZINE for SCI ENCE and REA SON 44 Doctor-Bashing Arguments EDI TOR Kend Rick Fra Zi Er EDI to RI AL BOARD James E
[ FROM THE EDITOR Skep ti cal In quir er™ THE MAG A ZINE FOR SCI ENCE AND REA SON 44 Doctor-Bashing Arguments ED I TOR Kend rick Fra zi er ED I TO RI AL BOARD James E. Al cock, Harriet Hall, Ray Hy man, Scott O. Lilienfeld, . and Harriet Hall’s Rebuttals Elizabeth Loftus, Joe Nickell, Steven Novella, Am ar deo Sar ma, Eugenie C. Scott, Karen Stollznow, David E. Thomas, ou’ve heard the arguments: “Doctors only treat symptoms, not the underlying Leonard Tramiel cause of disease.” “You are just supporting the party line of mainstream medi- CON SULT ING ED I TORS Sus an J. Black more, Ken neth L. Fed er, Barry Karr, E.C. Krupp, Ycine.” “Doctors don’t do prevention.” “Alternative medicine is better because it’s Jay M. Pasachoff, Rich ard Wis e man holistic.” “It’s natural, therefore it’s safe.” “We have plenty of testimonials.” CON TRIB UT ING ED I TORS D.J. Grothe, Harriet Hall, Kenneth W. Krause, David Morrison, James E. Enthusiasts for so-called alternative medicine are fond of hurling these Oberg, Massimo Pigliucci, Rob ert Sheaf fer, David and other doctor-bashing arguments back at physicians and others who have E. Thomas the temerity to question their untested alternative remedies and fads. All phy- DEPUTY ED I TOR Ben ja min Rad ford Julia Lavarnway sicians, especially those who publicly defend science-based medicine, have MAN A GING ED I TOR ART DI RECT OR Chri sto pher Fix found themselves on the receiving end of such insults to themselves and their PRO DUC TION Paul E. -
Ufos: Challenge to SETI Specialists Stanton T
© 2001 New Frontiers in Science (ISSN 1537-3169) newfrontiersinscience.com UFOs: Challenge to SETI Specialists Stanton T. Friedman ([email protected]) Major news media and many members of the scientific community have taken strongly to the radio-telescope based SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) program as espoused by its charismatic leaders, but not supported by any evidence whatsoever. In turn, perhaps understandably, they feel it necessary to attack the ideas of alien visitors (UFOs) as though they were based on tabloid nonsense instead of on far more evidence than has been provided for SETI. One might hope, vainly I am afraid, that they would be concerned with The Search for Extraterrestrial Visitors (SETV). I would hereby like to challenge the SETI specialists, members of the scientific community, and the media to recognize the overwhelming evidence and significant consequences of alien visits and to expose the serious deficiencies of the SETI related claims. I have publicly and privately offered to debate any of them. No takers so far. Here are my challenges for the SETI SPECIALISTS (SS) 1. Why is it that SS make proclamations about how much energy it would take for interstellar travel when they have no professional competence, training, or awareness of the relevant engineering literature in this area? As it happens, the required amount of energy is entirely dependent on the details of the trip and CANNOT be determined from basic physics. If one makes enough totally inappropriate assumptions, as academic astronomers have repeatedly done down through history in their supposedly scientific calculations about flight, one reaches ridiculous conclusions. -
Four Examples of Pseudoscience
Four Examples of Pseudoscience Marcos Villavicencio Tenerife, Canarias, Spain E-mail address: [email protected] ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6700-4872 January 2020 Abstract A relevant issue in the philosophy of science is the demarcation problem: how to distinguish science from nonscience, and, more specifically, science from pseudoscience. Sometimes, the demarcation problem is debated from a very general perspective, proposing demarcation criteria to separate science from pseudoscience, but without discussing any specific field in detail. This article aims to focus the demarcation problem on particular disciplines or theories. After considering a set of demarcation criteria, four pseudosciences are examined: psychoanalysis, speculative evolutionary psychology, universal grammar, and string theory. It is concluded that these theoretical frameworks do not meet the requirements to be considered genuinely scientific. Keywords Demarcation Problem · Pseudoscience · Psychoanalysis · Evolutionary psychology · Universal grammar · String theory 1 Introduction The demarcation problem is the issue of how to differentiate science from nonscience in general and pseudoscience in particular. Even though expressions such as “demarcation problem” or “pseudoscience” were still not used, some consider that an early interest for demarcation existed as far back as the time of ancient Greece, when Aristotle separated episteme (scientific knowledge) from mere doxa (opinion), holding that apodictic certainty is the basis of science (Laudan 1983, p. 112). Nowadays, the issue of demarcation continues being discussed. Certainly, demarcating science from pseudoscience is not a topic of exclusive philosophical interest. Scientists and members of skeptical organizations such as the Committee for Scientific Inquiry also deal with this crucial theme. The issue of how to recognize pseudoscience not only affects academia. -
Nurturing Non-Science
Nurturing Non-Science Startling Concepts in the Education of Physicians Early in its history, the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine awarded grants to incorporate CAM information into traditional medical school curricula. Have these grants had a positive effect on public health? Eugenie V. Mielczarek and Brian D. Engler magine if departments of physics, chemistry, and biol- at many institutions that evolved into CAM training or curriculum awards. ogy of our most prestigious universities offered courses An examination of the first seven years, Iin astrology, crystal-ball gazing, alchemy, and creation- 1993–2000, a detailed review (Green ism. And imagine if these endeavors were funded by the 2001), listed twenty-eight grants of National Science Foundation (NSF) and if the head of which twelve were for specialty centers. NIH’s earliest awardees that tran- NSF appeared at an international conference celebrat- sitioned from specialty awards to cur- ing these endeavors. Would there be an outcry from riculum development were Bastyr Na- the science community? If you answered yes, then you turopathic College, Palmer College of Chiropractic, and Oregon College must be unaware that the paradigm for this is already of Oriental Medicine, an acupuncture in place and there has been no outcry. Since 1998, $76 college (http://xnet.kp.org/permanen- . million in grants for courses and training in non-science tejournal/fall02/editorial.html) These organizations train practitioners who based medical protocols such as acupuncture, magnets, believe they can heal medical problems Reiki, Therapeutic Touch, Qigong, mind-body myths, with non-science based protocols. naturopathic treatments, and Vedic medicine have been This substantial fiduciary encourage- ment of non-science, non-evidence-based funded by the National Institutes velopment with its awards for several curriculum by NCCAM, NIH’s untested of Health (NIH), the federal agency alternative medicine protocols. -
Astrometry and Astrophysics in the Gaia Sky Iau Symposium 330
IAU IAU Symposium Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union IAU Symposium No. 330 Symposium 24–28 April 2017 Astrometry has historically been fundamental to all the fi elds of astronomy, driving many revolutionary scientifi c results. ESA’s Gaia 330 Nice, France mission is astrometrically, photometrically and spectroscopically surveying the full sky, measuring around a billion stars to magnitude 20, to allow stellar distance and age estimations with unprecedented accuracy. With the complement of radial 24–28 April 2017 330 Astrometry and 24–28 April 2017 velocities, it will provide the full kinematic information of these Nice, France targets, while the photometric and spectroscopic data will be used Nice, France Astrometry and Astrophysics in the to classify objects and astrophysically characterize stars. IAU Symposium 330 reviews the fi rst 2.5 years of Gaia activities and Gaia Sky discusses the scientifi c results derived from the fi rst Gaia data Astrophysics in the release (GDR1). This signifi cant increase in the precision of the astrometric measurements has sharpened our view of the Milky Way and the physical processes involved in stellar and galactic evolution. To many, the Gaia revolution heralds a transformation Gaia Sky comparable to the impact of the telescope’s invention four centuries ago. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Editor in Chief: Dr Piero Benvenuti This series contains the proceedings of major scientifi c meetings held by the International Astronomical Union. Each volume contains a series of articles on a topic of current interest in Astrometry and astronomy, giving a timely overview of research in the fi eld.