L78 07 v.4 pt.2 cop. 3 OREGON STATE COLLEGE Warm Springs Research Project.
Final Report
VOLUME IV: WATER RESOURCES
Part 2. Appendices and Bibliography
OREGON STATE COLLEGE
WARM SPRINGSRESEARCH PROJECT
VOLUME IV: WATER RESOURCES
by
Elmon E. Yoder, B.S. Department of Civil Engineering
Part 2: Appendices and Bibliography
This volume is part of the final report of a study made by Oregon State College for the Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon. The remainder of the report is contained in the following: Volume I: Introduction and Survey of Human Resources; Volume II: Education; Volume III: The Agricultural Economy; Volume IV:Water Resources, Part 1: Report and Recommendations; Volume V: Physical Resources.
1
APPEND ICES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Reference Chapter No. Title Page
11-A Characteristics of Rocks and Their Ability to Yield Ground Water 229
V-A Precipitation Records at Warm Springs Agency 230 V-B Precipitation Records At Simnasho, Oregon 233 V-C Climate Summary 235
VI-A Discharge and Runoff for Warm Springs River at Former Hehe Mill 237 VI-B Discharge and Runoff for Warm Springs River at Bridge Between Warm Springs and Slmnasho 239 VI-C Discharge and Runoff for Shitike Creek 241 VI-D Discharge and Runoff for Mill Creek at Outlet of Olallie Lake 243 VI-E Discharge and Runoff for Whitewater River 244 VI-F Miscellaneous Discharge Measurements 245 VI-G Compilation of Average Discharge and Runoff for Metoijus River and Deschutes River 248 VI-H Summary of Discharge Pattern During Year 250 vI-r Average Monthly Water Temperature, Warm Springs River at Former Hehe Mill 251
Vu-A Stratigraphic Section of Warm Springs Indian Reservation 252 Vu-B Geology of the Warm Springs Reservation 255
VII I-A Inventory of Springs Within Eastern Portion of Warm Springs Indian Reservation 256 VIII-B Map Showing Springs, Wells, Lakes, Charkos and Dams on Reservation 262 VuII-C Features of Kah-Ne-Ta Spring and Adjacent Hot Springs 263
IX-A Drilling Logs and Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation 264 IX-B Adequacy of Existing Water Supply in Warm Springs Reservation 276 IX-C Capacity Test of the Frank Suppah Well, Schoolie Flat, Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Oregon, December, 1955; by Brown, S. G. 277 I X-D Schoolie Flats Water Supply Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Warm Springs, Oregon; by Flohrschutz, F. A. Jr. 281 IX-E Availability of Ground Water in the Schoolie Flat Area, Wasco County, Oregon, May, 1956; by Newcomb, R. C. and Hogenson, G. M. 283 ii
IX-F.l Possible Domestic Water Supply Schoolie Flats, Warm Springs, Oregon, August 1, 1959; by Henderson, Paul F. 290 rx-F.2 Map of Ground and Surface Water Distribution Systems 301 IX-G Kah-Ne-Ta Spring and Adjacent Hot Springs, Wasco County, Oregon, July 24, 1940; by Upson, Joseph B. 302 IX-H Log of Round Butte Drill Hole No. 106 307
X-A Inventory of Dams and Charkos on Non-Perennial Waterways 309 X-B Possible Stock Water Supply Metolius Bench Warm Springs Indian Reservation, August 1, 1959; by Henderson, Paul F. 312
XI-A Existing and Former Irrigation Units 318 XI-B Map of Potential Irrigation Units 319 XI-C Distribution of Answers to Selected Questions Regarding Irrigation from Agricultural Economics Questionnaire (June 1960) 320 XI-D.l Mapped Soil Capability Acreages by Geographic Areas, Warm Springs Indian Reservation 322 XI-D.2 Definition of Land Classifications 323
XII-A Map Showing Lands Withdrawn by Federal Government, Act of June 25, 1910 324 XII-B Tabular Summary of Lands Withheld in Power Site Reserve 325 XII-C.1 Warm Springs Indian Reservation Lands Power Site Reserve 329 XII-C.2 Indian Lands Power-Site Reserve No. 2 339 XII-C.3 Order of Modification No. 26 343 XII-C.4 Order of Withdrawal, Power Site Reserve No. 294 345 XII-C.5 Power Site Interpretation No. 17 351 XII-C.6 Interpretation No. 30, Power Site Reserve No. 2 353 XII-D Undeveloped Power Sites on Deschutes and Metolius Rivers Lying Adjacent to Warm Springs Reservation 356 XII-E.1 Cover Letter by R, 0. Helland Accompanying Report of Water Utilization of Streams on Reservation 361 XII-E.2 Water Utilization in Streams on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Oregon 362 XII-E.3 Profile of Warm Springs River 378 XII-E.4 Profile of Shitike Creek 379 XII-E.5 Duration of Flow in Shitike Creek at Warm Springs 380 XII-E.6 Mass Curve of Warm Springs River at Schoolie Pasture 381 XII-F Map of Potential Hydro-Electric Development on Warm Springs Indian Reservation 382
Bibliography 383 CHARACTERISTICS OF ROCKS AND THEIR ABILITY TO YIELD GROUND WATER* Appendix Il-A BasaltKind of Rock ClassificationIgneous FelsiticTexture GasType pockets,of Interstices joints LowPorosity MediumWater-yieldingCharacteris tics WaterChemicalEffect on GravelRhyo Ii te SedimentaryIgneous FelsiticCoarse mechanicalSpacesjointsSmalland fractures due crystalline dueforces to to HighLow VeryPoor good Small SandConglomerate Sedimentary CementedPorous Smalljointsgranulardeposition spacestocracks interstices,negligible due LowGood to medium Medium to good Good to very good Small SiltSands tone SedimentarySedimentary FinePorous Smallcracksto deposition,deposition spaces due HighGood UsuallyPoor good ShaleClay MeSedimentary ta!norphic Fine VerySmallto small deposition spaces spaces due LowHigh Poor Mineralized Slat:eAlluvium MetamorphicSedimentary CoarseFine OftenJoints poorly and cracksgraded LowGood PoorUsually good Volcanic*From data ash U.of S.Meinzer, Department 0. of Interior, U. S. Geological Survey Water Supply Paper, No. 489, 1923, pp. 117-148. Igneous E., OccurrenceFine of Ground Water in the United States, with Discussion of Principles Very small spaces Low Poor 230
APPENDIX V-A PRECIPITATION RECORDS AT WARK SPRINGS AGENCY,
OREGON. ELEVATION 1500, STATION 023433, IN INC}IES* Tabulation appears on pp. 231-232. Year190819071906 0.362.951.25Jan. Feb.0.332.831.02 0.142.21Mar.1.59 0.200.700.23Apr. 0.930.83May0.77 0.400.49June1.36 0.750.240.36July 0.600.660.00Aug. 0.430.120.14Sept. 1.680.200.00Oct. 0.810.740.98Nov. 4.310.401.07Dec. 15.66Total 7.039.39 19131912191119101909 2.350.550.513.12 0.450.250.630.94 0.180.470.800.21 0.930.340.540.00 1.240.410.741.92 1.250.630.820.87 0.100.000.22 0.000.300.00 0.291.500.811.15 0.871.050.62 0.720.704.042.96 0.770.470.631.93 11.3212.76 9.156.67 1923192219211915-19201914 No records available** 20.500.51 262.88 0.390.310.920.33 00.990.62 170.16 00.250.46 150.82 00.29 1.520.1845 00.73 471.680.54 0.001.0.000.03 62 0 370.750.00 0.170.221.431.27 00.880.150.66 50 0.242.644.220.24 02650.780.43 52 11.1611.34 77.54 31 19281927192619251924 1.480.720 321.17 2.031.760.760.53 0.600.160 651.27 0.140.370.940.00 0.390,302.320 00 0.630.070.130.27 0.000 00 0.350.880.160 18 0.081.790.900 23 0.100.170.210.041.99 0 1.603.301.6487 2.170.930.871.301 47 10.48 9.239.756.51 19421930-1939192919411940 No records avai1ab1e** 1.651.532.33-- 0.101.731.251.67-- 0.330.060.161.59-- 0.550.511.23-- 1.691.220.140.23-- 0.880.400.20-- 0.210.640.480.00-- 0.420.840.00---- 0.360.000.692.32-- 0.280.800.58-- 3.972.35--1.11 2.650.751.34-- 14.5511.9012.60 194319471946.19451944 0.450.960.470.312,61 0.790.270.730.451.25 1.351.220.360.170.45 0.580.000.050.451.32 0.070.782.140.150.12 0.020.880.891.851.49 2.250.140.00 0.400.270.040.100.53 0.350.000.800.180.43 2.600.620.572.281.25 0.240.831.001.801.21 0.540.410.160.142.71 12.24 9.895,529.717.12 19521951195019491948 --1.872.261.84 --0.570.850.98 --0.750.951.09 0.040.540.150.80-- 1.05--0.172.06-- 2.910.050.011.801.90 0.000.100.070.59 0.040.000.490.690.05 0,060.510.170.071.03 0.982.860.330.10 --1.711.99 --1.162.092.19 ----15.06 Year19541953 Jan.2.80-- Feb.0.301.66 Mar.0.710.49 0.090.61Apr. Ma1.092.15 1.061.08June July0.00 0.622.33Aug. 0.01Sept.1.42 0.260.30Oct. Nov.1.371.64 Dec.0.021.60 Total 9.74 195619551957 1.720.592.670.35 2.161.040.870.46 0.380.320.672.28 0.4].0.890.031.49 2.822.251.140.19 2.620.171.380.62 0.260.170.150.07 0.220.460.060.00 1.090.230.37 0.110.591.490.51 0.410.251.441.33 0.672.41.0.473.29 12.4413.21 9.149.08 Average7.1958 Year From U. S. Department of Interior, Climatology Records for Warm 14.21.46Springs Indian Reservation, U. S. Bureau 9.10.93 6.30.65 5.70.48 9.40.96 8.50.88 2.30.24 3.40.35 5.80.60030 7,50.77 15.11.56 12.71.31 10.26100.0 of No.Compilation339.12-7).Indian 5, Oregon, Affairs, by Salem,Oregon Agency 1959,State Forestry indicatesWater Office,Resources total Warm yearlyBoard, Springs, precipitationCompilation Oregon, of1959, as, Surface 1915:(Office Runoff File andPrecipitationReport, Weather, inNo. Basin Daily temperatures are available. 11.49 inch, 1917: 8.06 inch, WaterYearly1936:1918: Resources total9.128.51 inch,rainfall Board, 1920:1937: dataSalem, 6.8110.04 for inch. is, inch,years 1932: 1938:1930 6.24 to8.70 inch,1939, inch, 1933:inclusive, 1939: 4.64 3.33 inch,from inch. unknown1934: 6.03 source, inch, in files of Oregon State 1935: 5.31 inch, 233
APPENDIX V-BPRECIPITATION RECORDS AT SIMNASHOI OREGON
ELEVATION 2400, IN INCHES
Tabulation appears on p. 234. Year193919 38* Jan.0.45 Feb.1.09 Mar.0.58 Apr.0.00 May0.52 June0.59 0.55--July 0.45--Aug. 0.000.58Sept. 0.230.71Oct. Nov.0.061.29 Dec.2.131.64 Total 6.65 19431942**19411940 2.331.781.92 0.642.89 0.56--2.00 0.851.80 2.480.56 1.030.00 0.08--0.98 0.900.560.00 0 2.9002 20.35 1.3600 1.98 0.614.892.33 18.72 1947194619451944 --0.771.59 0.542.891.08 1.201.920.810.22 0.550.520.440.57 0.882.39-- 1.05-- 0.120.06 0.430.3000.02 00 0.501.020.610.55 2.580.870.651.84 1.531.693.08 0.490.693.91 1951195019491 948*** 4.372.393.68 2.211.271.95 1.401.50 0.060.34 0.590.121 97 0.000.131.67 0.00-- 0.000.10 0.310.060.33 0.32 1.711.86 1.991.22 195819571956***1952_1955**** a eported but not included in this report. 2.100.96-- 2.602.15 0.602.61 0.710.84 1.111.69 2.400.32 0.000.210.01 0.000.230.05 0.520.321.49 0.351.211.81 2.630.900.28 0.783.241.32 13.8015.85 7.Average1959 Year 2.042.1015.7 12.41.610.00 8.70.001.12 4.30.560.08 9.41.221.16 5.70.740.23 0.201.6 0.231.7 0.665.1 8.61.10 1.5511.9 14.91.94 100.012.97 * Affairs,HourlySimnasho.Inventory precipitation Agency of Facts Land -Operationsdata showing from Resources, SeptemberOffice, Warm 1938Trends Springs, through and Problems Oregon.January, of 1941, Warm appearSprings in Reservation, U. S. Department U. S. ofBureau Interior, of Indian Source of data listed as U. P. Mission at HourlyBulletin, precipitation Hourly and data Daily from Precipitation, JuneMay 19421948 throughthrough North May AugustPacific 1948 1951, appearDistrict, and in since U.Weather S. July Department Bureau 1956 appearOffice, of Commerce, in Portland, U. S. HydrologicDepartment Oregon. of **** HourlyCommerce,Precipitationpublished precipitation Climatological since Data, July data Oregon,1956. Data, from U. Oregon,September S. Weather U. 1951S. Bureau, Weather through Portland, Bureau. May 1956 Oregon. appear in U. S. Department of Commerce, Hourly Daily maximum and minimum temperatures are 235
APPENDIX V-C CLIMATE SIJMMARY*
Tabulation appears on p. 236. 236
CLIMATE SUMMARY*
Station
Madras Warm Spring Simnasho Rio Agency He rmo so El. 2250 El. 1500 El. 2400 El. 2100 Temperature Length of record, yr. 28 24 January average, °F. 31.1 33.5 July average °F. 66.2 70.5 Maximum, °F. 112 114 Minimum, °F. -45 -38
Killing frost dates, average Length of record, yr. 14. 25 Last in spring June 7 May 24 First in fall Sept. ,16 Sept. ,23 Growing season 101 122
Precipitation Length of record, yr. 24 38 22 10 January, in. 1 09 1.46 2.04 4.07 February, in. 0.65 0.93 1.61 2.20 March, in. 0.58 0.65 1.05 0.95 April, in. 0 56 0.48 0.56 0.97 May, in. 0.92 0.96 1.22 1.35 June, in. 0.74 0.88 0.74 0.99 July, in. 0.20 0.24 0.20 0.32 August, in. 0.21 0.35 0.22 0.18 September, in. 0.65 0.60 0.66 1.17 October, in. 0 59 0.77 1.10 1.60 November, in. 1.21 1.56 1.55 3.29 December, in. 1.24 1.31 1.94 1.57 ANNUAL, in. 8 64 10.25 12.89 18.66
*Data from: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Climate and Man, Yearbook of Agriculture, House Document, No. 27, 1941.
U. S. Department of Commerce, U. S. Weather Bureau, Portland, Oregon. Hydrologic Bulletin. Climatological Data.
3 U. S. Department of Interior, U. S. Bureau of Indian Affairs, Warm Springs, Oregon Climatology Records for Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Agency Forestry Office, Office File Report No. 339.12-7.
Inventory of Facts - showing Resources, Trends, and Problems of Warm Sprthgs Reservation. Agency Land Operations Office, 1941, (mimeo). 237
APPENDIX VI-A
DISCHARGE AND RUNOFF FOR WARM SPRINGS RIVER AT FORMERHEHEMILL Location: mile east of former Hehe Mill, NSec. 18,
T 7S., R. liE , W. M., Wasco County, Oregon Drainage Area: 108 Sq. ml. Remarks: No diversion or regulation abovestation Source of Data: U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers*
Monthl and earl mean dischar.e in cubic feet r second Water ear Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb. March April
1915 - - 1916-1948 No records 1949 - 1950 120 122 119 116 151 219 254
1951 140 197 272 300 384 224 307 1952 139 137 153 139 168 161 255 1953 113 106 104 224 303 180 172 1954 114 137 204 203 242 218 267
Average 125 140 170 196 250 200 25].
May June July Sept, The year Paper No. Paqe
- ll37 lO2y 97 971 414 81
- l23i 120 1154 75 308 310 160 129 127 178 1184 80
310 198 156 140 134 229 1218 82 280 179 135 127 122 166 1248 84 224 180 132 123 114 164 1288 80 269 206 139 132 132 188 1348 81
278 198 137 125 i2i 185
Extremes: Maximum daily observed discharge for period: 652 cfs, Feb. 11, 1951 (from rating curve extended above 350 cfs). Minimum daily observed discharge for period: 97 cfs, July 30,Sept.5,30, 1915
**XCompilation for water year 1915 appears in Water Resources of Oregon Bulletin Number 7 page 103. *KCompjlation of data 1915-1950 taken from Water-Supply Paper, Number 1318, page 174. For daily measurements, and monthly compilation 1951-1954, see paper and page listed on right hand columns. Not published in original papers. Partially estimated on the basis of records for Warm Springs River near Warm Springs, Deschutes River near Madras, and Metolius River near Grandview, 238
APPENDIX VI-A (Continued)
Monthly and yearly runoff in acre_feet** Water ear Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb March A.ril 1915 - 1916-1948 Norecords 1949 - - 1950 7,390 7,260 7,320 7,140 8,380 13,480 15,110
1951 8,620 11,700 16,730 18,450 21,350 13,780 18,250 1952 8,550 8,170 9,410 8,560 9,650 9,870 15,180 1953 6,950 6,290 6,410 13,740 16,850 11,090 10,240 1954 7.000 8.140 12,15O 12.470 13.430 13,430 15.910
Average 7,700 8,310 10,500 12,100 13,900 12,300 14,900 % Year 5.8 6.3 7.9 9.1 10.6 9.3 11.3
Ma June Jul Au. Se.t. The e ar Pa.erNo Pa.e 6,720 6,2 0- 5,960 5,77$ - 414 81
7,590? 7,150 1154 75 18,920 18,460 9,830 7,940 7,540 128,000 1184 80
19,070 11,780 9,620 8,600 7,990 166,000 1218 82 17,240 10,650 8,300 7,780 7,290 121,000 1248 84 13,790 10,720 8,140 7,580 6,780 119,000 1288 80 16.560 12.280 8,550 8,l2O 7.850 136.000 1348 81
17,100 ll,8OO7 8,45O 7,65O 7,2OO 134,000 13.0 8.9 6.4 5.8 5.5 100.0
*Compjlatjon of data 1915-1950 taken from Water-SupplyPaper, Number 1318,page 174. For daily measurements, and monthly compilation 1951-1954, see paper and page listed on right hand columns. Not published in original papers. Partially estimatedon the basis of records for Warm Springs River near Warm Springs, Deschutes Rivernear Madras, and Metolius River near Grandview, 239
APPENDIX VI-B
DISCHARGE AND RUNOFF FOR WARM SPRINGS RIVER AT BRIDGE BETWEEN WARM SPRINGS AND SIMNASHO Location: NE-- Sec. 19, 1. 8S., R. l3E., W. M., Wasco County, Oregon. U. S. G. S. Sta. No. 363 Drainage Area: 517 Sq. Mi. Remarks: No diversion or regulation above station Source of Data: U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers*
Monthly and vearly discharge in cubic feet er second Water year Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. March April.
1911 - - 1912 266 292 390 1913 295 342 323 408* 395 402* 620* 1914 - - - 551 468 618 519 1915 250 265 221* 227* 270 419 507
1916 241 307 509 348* 1,150 1,480 1,130 1917 306 320 320 300 359 370 747 1918 293 307 882 963 793 500 520 1919 288 278 271 469 391 552 754.
Average 277 302 417* 467* 547 620* 685*
May June July Aug. Sept. The year Paper No. Page
- - 268 266 332 613 808 345 289 302 332 613 712* 560 480 383 378 441* 362 609 472 335 240 190* 237 394 80 405 300 262 246 249 302* 414 81
900 795 534 361 315 670* 444 77 1,020 817 426 308 300 466 464 64 420 312 276 313 255 485 484 46 635 381 294 275 267 404 514 77
672 509j 357 293 285 ,_161*
Extremes: Maximum daily observed discharge for period: 2,930 cfs, Mar. 9, 1916, (from rating curve extended above 1,200 cfs). Minimum daily observed discharge for period: 166 cfs, Jan. 15, 1915, (revised).
***Partially revised compilation appears in Water Resources of State of Oregon, Bulletins Number 4 page 177, Number 7 page 104. Unrevised data for year 1911 appear in Water-Supply Paper Number 312, page 518. *Compilation taken from Water-Supply Paper Number 1318, page 175-176. For daily measurements see paper and page listed on right hand columns. *Revised by compilation data of Water-Supply Paper, Number 1318. Not published in original papers. Partially estimated on the basis of records of White River near Tygh Valley. 240
APPENDIX VI-B (Continued)
Monthly and yearly runoff in acre_feet** lateryear Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan, Feb. March April
1911 - 1912 16,400 17,400 24,000 1913 18,100 20,400 19,900 25,100* 21,900 24,700* 36,900* 1914 - * - 33,900 26,000 38,000 30,900 1915 15,400 15,800 13,600* 14,000* 15,000 25,800 30,200
1916 14,800 18,300 31,300 21,400* 66,200 91,000 67,200 1917 18,800 19,000 19,700 18,400 19,900 22,800 44,400 1918 18,000 18,300 54,200 59,200 44,000 30,700 30,900 1919 17,700 1f,500 16.700 28800 21,j00 33.900 44,900
Average 17,000 18,000 25,600 28,700* 30,700 38,100* 40,800* % Year 5.2 5.5 7.8 8.8 9.4 11.6 12.5
June Jul e't. The ear Pa er No Pa.e
16,500 15,800 332 613 49,700 34,20O 21,200 17,800 18,000 332 613 43,800* 33,300 29,500 23,600 22,500 320,000* 362 609 29,000 19,900 14,800 11, 700* 14,100 - 394 80 24,900 17,900 16,100 15,100 14,800 219,000* 414 81
55,300 47,300 32,800 22,200 18,700 486,000* 444 77 62,700 48,600 26,200 18,900 17,900 337,000 464 64 25,800 18,600 17,000 19,200 15,200 351,000 484 46 39,000 22.700 18,100 16,900 15. 900 293. 000 514 77
41,300j 30,300 22,000 18,000* 17,000 334,000* 12.6 9.3 6.7 5.5 5.2 100.0
*CompI1ation taken from Water-Supply Paper, Number 1318,page 175-176. For daily measurements see paper and page listed on right hand columns. evised by compilation data of Water-Supply Paper, Number 1318. j Not published in original papers. Partially estimated on the basis ofrecords of White River near Tygh Valley. 241
APPENDIX VI-C
DISCHARGE AND RUNOFF FOR SHITIKE CREEK Location: About 2 miles upstream from mouth. NESec. 26, T. 9S., R. 12E., W.M. Jefferson County, Oregon.U.S.G.S. Sta. No. 362 Drainage Area: 104 sq. ml. Remarks: No diversion above station Papers*** Source of Data: U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply
Monthl and earl mean dischar.es incubic feet er second** March April Water year Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. 1911 100* 127* 1912 57.3 72.9 63.6 159* 168* 122 191 1913 62.5 83.9 83.5 104 92.1 118 1914 106 86.5 85.9 105 79,6 131 90.6 116 1915 78.9 93.2 87.4 63.8 60.4
209 200 1916 41.5 145 126 109 261* 1917 64.5 l9l8-l922 No records 176 1923 - - 79.4 1924 70.0 77.7 110 92.3 132 73.5
1925 45.5 105 87.7 136 219 116 163 103 1926 47.2 50.1 70.9 54,4 127 86.6 1927 62.1 104 112 78.4* 191 145 139 1928 82.6 167 112 125 84.1 136 116 139* Average 65.3 98.5 93.9 103* 141* 121* Pa.e May June July Auq. Sest. The ear Pa .er No 610 - 150p 93.2 59.8 61.9 - 332 610 188 200 125 80.2 67.2 117* 332 607 178 195 161 95.4 77.8 121 362 122 108 90.4 63.9 80.8 98.2 394 78 118 82.5 67.7 41.8 41.2 78.5 414 76
72 184 223 213 106 83.9 158* 444 1318 171
202 172 154 81.7 64.1 574 86 98 111 68.9 46.7 36.2 36.1 77.9 594
85 189 131 105 68.3 53.5 118 614 106 70.8 47.8 44.7 47,9 71 634 88 49 164 195 112 65.7 69.4 119* 654 49 169 115 85.4 59.9 46.5 108 674 157 l43 108 67.0 60.8 107
Extremes: Maximum daily observed discharge for period 1,100 cfs, eb 20, 1927, from rating curve extended above 260cfs). Minimum daily observed discharge for period: 32 cfs, Aug. 27-31, Sept. 1-7, 13-18, 1924 (revised). ***Unrevised compilation appears in Water Resources of OregonBulletins Number 4 page 176, Number 7 page 102, Number 8 page 23Z. Unrevised data for year 1911 appear in Water-Supply Paper Number 312 page 517. *XCompilatlon taken from Water-Supply Paper, Number 1318, page171-172. For daily measurements see paper and page listed on right hand columns. *Revised by compilation data of Water-Supply Paper, Number1318. Not published in original papers. Estimated on the basis of Squaw Creek near Sisters. APPENDIX vt-c (Continued)
Monthly and yearly runoff in acre_feet** Water year Oct, Nov, Dec. Jan, Feb. March April 1911 - - - - - 1912 3,520 4,340 3,910 9,780* 9,660* 6,150* 7,560* 1913 3,840 4,990 5,130 6,400 5,120 7,500 11,400 1914 6,520 5,150 5,280 6,460 4,420 8,060 7,020 1915 4,850 5,550 5,370 3,920 3,350 5,570 6,900
1916 2,550 8,630 7,750 6,700 15,000* 12,900 11,900 1917 3,970 - - 1918-1922 No records 1923 - - - - 10,500 1924 4,300 4,620 6,760 5,680 7,590 4,520 4,720
1925 2,800 6,250 5,390 8,360 12,200 7,130 9,700 1926 2,900 2,980 4,360 3,340 7,050 5,320 6,130 1927 3,820 6,190 6,890 4,820* 10,600 8,920 8,270 1928 5 080 9 940 6 890 7 690 4 840 8 360 6 900 Average 4,010 5,860 5,770 6,320* 7,980* 7,440* 8, 270* Year % 5.1 7.5 7.4 8.1 10.2 9.5 10.6 May June Ju1v Auq, Sept. The year Paper No. Paqe - 8,930p 5,730 3,680 3,680 332 610 11,600 11,900 7,690 4,930 4,000 85,000* 332 610 10,900 11,600 9,900 5,870 4,630 87,300* 362 607 7,500 6,430 5,560 3,930 4,810 71,100 394 78 7,260 4,910 4,160 2,570 2,450 56,900 414 76 11,300 13,300 13,100 6,520 4,990 115,000 444 72 1318 171 12,400 10,200 9,470 5,020 3,810 574 86 6,820 4,100 2,870 2,230 2,150 56,400* 594 98 11,600 7,800 6,460 4,200 3,180 85,100 614 85 6,520 4,210 2,940 2,750 2,850 51,400 634 88 10,100 11,600 6,890 4,040 4,130 86,300* 654 49 10,400 6,840 5,250 3,680 2,770 78,600 674 49
9,670 8,490 6,670 4,120 3,620 77,300* 12.4 10.9 8.5 5,3 4.6 100.0
*4Compj1atjon taken from Water-Supply Paper,Number 1318, page 171-172. For daily measurements see paper and page listedon right hand columns. *Revjsed by compilation data of Water-SupplyPaper, Number 1318. 7Not published in originalpapers. Estimated on the basis of Squaw Creek near Sisters. APPENDIX VI-D
DISCHARGE AND RUNOFF FOR MILL CREEK AT OUTLET OF OLALLIE LAKE Location Sec. 12, T. 9S., R. BE., W M , Jefferson County, Oregon Drainage area 5.6 sq. mi. Remarks No diversion or regulation above station Source of Data: U. S Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers*
Monthly and yearly discharqe In cubic feet per second** Water ear Oct. Nov Dec Jan Feb March April
1915 - - 7.23 16.1 1916 0.0 9,40 l3,O 7.59 14.7 14.0 13,0
Average 0.0 9.40 13.0 7.59 14.7 10.6 14.6
May June July Auqust Sept. The year Paper No, Page
18.7 9.83 0.49 0.0 0.0 554 81 16,5 25.5 23.3 7.42 1.44 12.2 544 81
17.6 17.7 11.9 3.71 0.72 12.2
Monthly and yearly runoff in acre_feet** Water year Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb1 March April
1915 445 958 1916 0.0 559 799 467 846 861 774
Average 0.0 559 799 467 846 653 866 % year 0.0 7.4 10.5 6.2 11.1 8.6 11.4
June Jul Au.. Se.t. The ear Pa.er No Pa.e
1,150 585 30 0.0 0.0 554 81 1,010 1,520 1,430 456 86 7 t5 95 544 81
1,080 1,053 730 228 43 7,595 14.2 13.9 9.6 6.0 1.1 100.0
Extremes: Maximum daily, observed discharge: 50 cfs sometime during period June 25 to July 23, 1916. Minimum daily observed discharge No flow at times during year.
**3ECompjlation also appears in Water Resources of Oregon, Bulletin Number 7, page 104. *)ECompilation taken from Water Survey Paper, Number 1318, page 175. 244
APPENDIX VI-E
DISCHARGE AND RUNOFF FOR WHITEWATER RIVER Location: mile upstreamfrom mouth, SE* Sec. 28, T. 10 S., R. IOE., W. M., JeffersonCounty, Oregon.. U.S.G.S. Sta. No.358 Drainage Area: 30.6sq. ml. Remarks: No regulation or diversion above station Source of Data: U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers*
Monthlyand yearly mean discharqin cubic feet per second Water year Oct. Nov, Dec. Jan. Feb, March April 1911 - - - - - 1912 47.7 58.6 51.4 111* 118* 69.2* 76.6 1913 60.0* 92.2 69.3* 81.6 68.0 83.0 116* 1914 67.0* 75,2* 56.6* - - - Average 58.2* 75,3* 59.1* 98.6# 93.0 76.l 96.3*
May June July Auq, Sept. The year Paper No. PaQe - 146 140 84.3 62.9 - 332 608 163 221 151 115* 75.2* 105* 332 608 119 197* 178* 124* 93,4* l07 362 605 - - 394 77 141 188 156* 108* 77.2* l06
Monthly and yearly runoff in acre_feet**
-a -. U. S 1911 1912 2,930 3,490 3,160 6,820* 6, 790* 4,250* 4,500 1913 3,690* 5,490 4,260* 5,29O 3, 780) 5,lOO 6,900* 1914 4.120* 4,47Q* 3,48O*
Average 3,580* 4,480* 3,630* 6, 060 5,29O 4,680j 5,730* %Year 4.8 6.0 4.9 8.2 7.1 6.3 7.7
May June July Aug. Sept. The year Paper No. Page - 8,690 8,610 5,180 3,740 - 332 608 10,000 13,200 9,280 7,070* 4,470* 76,000* 332 608 7,320 11,700* 10,900* 7,620* 5,560* 77,600 362 605 - - 394 77 8,660 1l,2OOp 9,590* 6,620* 4,590* 76,8OO 11.7 15.1 13.0 8.9 6.2 100.0
Extremes: Maximum daily observed discharge for period: 802 cfs Jan. 13, 1912 (from rating curve extended above 260 cfs). Minimum daily observed discharge for period: 30 cfs Dec. 28, 1913. ***lJnrevised compilation appears in Water Resources of Staiof Oregon, Bulletin Number 4, page 175. Unrevised data for year 1911 appear in Water-Supply Paper Number 312, page 516. *Compilation taken from Water-Supply Paper, Number 1318, page 166-167. For daily measurements see paper and page listed on right hand columns. *Revised by compilation data of Water-Supply Paper, Number 1318. Not published in original papers. Partially estimated on basis of records of Shitike Creek near Warm Springs and Squaw Creek near Sisters. CompileWater Resources of State of Oregon, Office of State Engineer from U. S. Geological SurveyMISCELLANEOUS Water-Supply DISCHARGE Papers and MEASUREMENTS APPENDIX VI-F BadgerStream Creek TributaryWarm Springs to River Sec.Locality 19,T.7S., R.11E. DateJune 4, 1915 Discharge,cfs 18.9 #USGS 414 p.175No,Paper #7WRSO P.253Bull.No. ft ft ft ft It "I' SeptJune 30, 1915 5, 1915 16.7 729 4 #1184# 414 p.175p 175 #7 p 253 It Ifft It II uft Sec.Sec 3l,T7S.,R.11E. 20,T.7Stt ,R.11E It Oct.AugJune 25,27, 1911 23, 1950 5, 1912 100 14.618 6 # 332 p.733p 301733 #4 p.334p.334p 334 Beaver Creek "II If Warm Springs River HIs H " Sec.14-15,TSec. 6,T.7S., 7S.,R.11E. R.11E. " " Oct.Aug 27,28, 1911 23, 1950 462019.3 3 9 ##1184 332 p.733pP.733 301 #4 P.333p.333 "II ft " " Aug.June 23, 29, 1912 1915 6, 1912 113 42.095.0 # 414332 P.175p.733 #4#7#4 p.253p.333 ' Boulder Creek 'I Warm Springs River Sec. 31, T.8S.,R.11E. U JuneAug.Sept 23, 1916 4, 19151912 32.051,037.7 # 414444332 p.184p.175P.733 #4#7 p.333p.253 Bunchgrass Creek ftft If Warm Springs River IIIt It H Near mouth ftft ft JuneAug.Sept.21, 23, 19501949 5, 1912 0.07.0 ##1184 #1154332 P.733p.301p.286 #4 p.333 Middle Creek II ft Mill Creek ft ft Sec. 30, T.8S.,R.11E. fI 5$ Aug.Sept.21, 23, 1950 1949 0.0 #1184#1154 p.301p.286 Mill Creek ItftII Itft Warm Springs River ftItII ItSt IIft SEkOutlet Sec.l9,T.8S,R.11E. of Olallie Lake IIIt ft Aug.Sept.21,Oct. 23, 23, 19501933 19491911 49.050.642.2 0.1* # 754 #1184#1154# 332 p.301p.286p.733p.164 #4#9 p 334655 *Es t ima ted APPENDIX VI-F (Continued) Mill Creek U Warm Springs River H ft ' U Sec.20,T.8S.,R.lOE(Sawmill) U H JuneJulyJune 5,4,1,9, 191519141912 116 49.271.071.6 # 394414332 p.p.173p.733 84 #7#4 p.252p.252p.334 uif ft ftH U It U June 88,25,17,10, 1915 48.052.05863.0 0 #ft 414 414 p.P. 84 ftH ftIIU UItti HU u H JulyJune 29, 7,6, 1915 44.04546.2 0 #ft 414 414 p.p. 84 84 #7 p 252 ft tift IIU uItUn U I'ft July 29, 9,8, 19151915 4545.038 0 0 # 414 pp. 84 84 Hft ftIf IIH IIft It IIft ftI' Aug.AugJuly 19, 30, 5,4, 1915 373738.0 0 0 # #414 414 p.p 84 84 ft UItII IIUH IfHft IiII ItII SeptSept.Aug. 30, 20,5, 1915 3838.036 0 8 #ft #414 414 414 pp 84 #7 p 252 ft ftU IfIt Uft II U" ft Aug.MayJune 23, 29, 10, 19161915 153146 60.0 ft ft444 444 p.184p.184 #7 P.253p.253p.252 ShitikeSeekseequa Creek Creek Deschutes River 7 mi. -above mouthml. above Shitike Butte JuneJune 10, 8, 1912 1912 226 2.0 #ft 332 332 p.733p.733 #4 p.334 ftU ftII ftU U IIft Warm Springs Agency ft Oct. 15, 8, 190819061897 61.046.0 ft# 214252 p.339p.154 #4 p.334 ft Ut, Uii Itft $1ft U Nov.July 11, 27, 19201911 58.071.6 # 514332 p.197p.773 #4 p.334 Warm Springs River DeschutesHft River ft Ifft II AtWarm mouth Springs Agency " Oct.Aug. 23,19, 7, 1897 19501931 284 94.628.3 # #1184724 p.301p.160 #4#9 p.333p.655 APPENDIX VI-F (Continued) Warm Springs River Deschutesft River ft a Warm Springs Agency u JulyOct. 26,28,19, 192219201906 284247260 # 554514214 p.182pp.154 197 #7#4 pp.333 p252 252 ft ft " Sec 7, 1 7S 1 , R IOE MayOctOct 26,10, 9, 191619111925 348137268 # 614444332 p.184p 191733 #7#4 p.252p 333 Sec 11, T.7S ,R 9E NovOctAugJune 29, 26,23, 6, 19111916 267187128 69 3 # 444332 pp.184 733184 #4#7#4 pp.252 p.333333252 South Fork Warm Springs River a Warm Springs River ii ft " NearN4SE mouth Sec.17,T.7S.,Sec 13,T 6S , R.1IER liE JuneOct. 27, 5, 1912 1911 114 40.0 # 332 p.733 #4 p.333 248
APPENDIX VI-G
COMPILATION OF AVERAGE DISCHARGE AND RUNOFF FOR METOLIUS RIVER AND DESCHUTES RXVER*
METOLIUS RIVER, Grandview, Montgomery Ranch, U.S.G.S. Sta. No. 353, Record 37-38 years (1912-1914, 1922-1957) Drainage 324 sq. mi.
Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan, Feb. March
Discharge, cfs 1,336 1,385 1,450 1,475 1,499 1,480 Runoff, ac.-ft. 82,160 82,400 89,170 90,720 83,200 90,990 % year 7.7 7.7 8.4 8.5 7.8 8.5
A.ri]. Ma Jun Jul Au.,. Se.t. Th ear**
1,528 1,605 1,624 1,508 1,403 1,352 l,468(ave.) 90,950 98,710 96,620 92,770 86,280 80,450 1,062,860 8.5 9.3 9.1 8.7 8.1 7.6 100.0
METOLIUS RIVER, Sisters, Riggs Ranch, U.S.G.S. Sta. No. 354, Record 4-5 years (1909-1913) Drainage 347sq. mi.
Oct. Nov Dec. Jan. Feb March
Discharge, cfs 1,477 1,606 1,556 1,591 1,668 1,720 Runoff, ac.-ft. 90,860 95,580 95,680 97,830 92,580 105,800 % year 7.8 8.2 8.2 8.4 7.9 9.1
April May June July Auq. Sept. The year** 1,642 1,687 1,729 1,622 1,557 1,508 1,609(ave.) 97,700 103,800 102,900 99,750 95,750 89,730 1,165,000 8.4 8.9 8.8 8.5 8.2 7.7 100.0
Compi1ation by Oregon State Water Resources Board, Compilation of Surface Runoff and Precipitation in Basin No. 5, Salem, Oregon. Prepared in cooperation with U. S. Geological Survey, 1959, 25 unnumbered sheets (Mimeographed on Form SW RB-i). **For daily discharge and runoff data see U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers. For monthly discharge and runoff data see U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers or previously described compilation by Oregon State Water Resources Board. 249
APPENDIX VI-G (Continued)
DESCHUTES RIVER, Madras, 1 mile downstream from Pelton Dam, U.S.G.S. Sta. No. 3127, Record 34 years (1924-1957) Drainage 7,800 sq. ml.
Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. March Discharge, cfs 3,744 4,245 4,629 4,735 5,149 5,464 Runoff, ac.-ft. 230,280 252,600 284,666 291,190 285,770 336,060 % year 7.2 7,9 8.9 9.1 9.0 10.5
April May June July Aug. Sept, The vear** 5,502 4,435 4,118 3,710 3,582 3,627 4,406(ave.) 327,390 272,750 245,020 228,180 220,260 215,810 3,189,940 10.3 8.6 7.7 7.2 6.9 6.8 100.0
DESCHUTES RIVER, Mecca, SW-4 Sec.: 20, 1. 9S., R. 13E., U.S.G.S. Sta. No.3114, Record 15-16 years (1911-1927) Drainage 7,940 sq. ml.
Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan Feb March Discharge, cfs 4,151 4,689 4,911 5,177 5,571 5,724 Runoff, ac.-.ft. 255,310 279,000 302,000 318,380 309,200 352,000 year 7.2 7.9 8.5 9.0 8.7 9.9
A.rll Ma June Jul Au. Seet The ear** 6,379 5,326 4,744 4,253 3,905 3,975 4,891 (ave.) 379,530 327,530 282,250 261,560 240,190 236,500 3,543,330 10.7 9.2 8.0 7.4 6.8 6.7 100.0
**For daily discharge and runoff datasee U, S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers. For monthly discharge and runoff datasee U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Papers or previously described compilation by Oregon State WaterResources Board. SUMMARY OF DISCHARGE PAflERN DURING YEAR APPENDIX VI-H River yearlyAverage flow total ac.-ft. Oct.Percent(from dataof Yearly Appendix Flow Vt-A, Occurring Vt-B, in ----- Each Vt-F)Month, 7. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. June July Aug. Sept. Warm Springs, VI-BVI-A Sec.18, T.7S., R.11E. 134,000 58 6.3 7.9 9.1 10.6 9.3 11.3 13.0 8.9 6.4 5.8 5.5 Shitike Creek, VI-C Sec.36,Sec.19, T.8S.,T9S., R.12E.R.13E. 334,000 77,300 5.15.2 5.57.5 7.47.8 8.18.8 10.2 9.4 11.6 9.5 10.612.5 12.412.6 10.9 9.3 8.56.7 5.35.5 4.65.2 MillWhitewater Creek, VI-DCreek, VI-E Sec.12, T.9S., R.8E. 7,590 0.0 7.4 10.5 6.2 11.9 8.6 11.4 14.2 13.9 9.6 6.0 1.1 Metolius River, VI-G GrandviewSec.28, T.1OS., R.1OE. 1,063,000 76,800 4.87.7 7.76.0 4.98.4 8.28.5 7.87.1 8.56.3 8.57,7 11.7 15.19.3 9.1 13.0 8.7 8.18.9 6.27.6 DeschutesMetolius River,River, VI-CVI-O Riggs Ranch 1,165,000 7.8 8.2 8.2 8.4 7.9 9.1 84. 8.9 8.8 8.5 8.2 7.7 Deschutes River VI-G MeccaPelton 3,190,0003,543,000 7.27.2 7.97.9 8.98.5 9.19.0 9.08.7 10.5 9.9 10.310.7 9.28.6 8.07.7 7.27.4 6.96.8 6.86.7 AVERAGE MONTHLY WATER TEMPERATURE. WARM SPRINGS RIVER AT FORMER HEHEAPPENDIX MILL VI-I DrainageLocation: Area: T.At 7S.,gaging R. station11 E. 108 sq. mile. mile east of former Hehe Mill, N. Sec. 18, SourceExtremes: of data: Daily MinimumMaximum - freezing590 F. several point Decemberdays each 26, year. 27, 1952, JanuaryU. 1-4,S. Geological 1952. Survey Water-Supply Papers 1189, 1200, 1253, 1293. Year19511950Water Max. 44 October Mm. 43 Max. 41 November Mm. 40 Max. 41 Dec ember Mm.- Max.40 37 January Mm. Max,36 36 February Mm. 36 Max. 39 March Mm. 37 Ave.19531952 4546 4344 404139 403938 393837 383736 3839- 3738- 4138 373936 4144 384239 1950YearWater1951 Max. 45 April Mm. 41 Max. 49 May Mm. 44 Max. 5451 June Mm. 4645 Max. 5657 July Mmn. 4849 Max. 5354 Auqust Mm. 47 Max. 49September Mm. 45 Ave.19531952 474546 424341 49 44 5352 4647 575856 4948 54 4849 5051 4647 Geologic Age Formation STRATIGRAPHIC SECTION OF WARN SPRINGS INDIAN RESERVATION General Characteristics APPENDIX Vu-A Water-Bearing Characteristics Recent Fluviatile (Alluvium) theColumbiaFluvialles tuffs, formations deposits River ashes, Basalt, fromareand interbeddedotherClarno Cascan fine- uplifts, or Dal-with water-table.ifcientlyThese located deposits permeable favorablyBeds are must to usually belowyieldbe exten- presentwatersuffi- sometimessentdepositedingrained its streams, permeability materials. beadjacent predicted. their toThelocationand ancient alluviumextent. can or Beingvariespre- sustainedsive or interconnected yields. to provide RecentPleistocene or late Intra- Canyon Theandlizedjointed young Deschutes flows basaltsdark that coloredRivers areentered a atcolumnar-result thethe southeastMetoliusof loca- presentbeingThejointed. basalt extensively canyons, Itis ispermeable localizedappearing fractured throughout, nearexposed and the erosionformeratlavascorner their partiallyhasstreamof present theagain bed,reservation. filledestablishedlocation. exposing these StreamThesethe thecanyons bas- tionaboveas its hasthe main littlewater-table. mass value is devoidasThe an forina- aquiferof water. t" Earlycene Pleisto-or late Cas can Theonalton either formationasthe short reservation, side discontinuous isof thetim uppermostappearingcanyons. benches as the found meable.The Cascan Because is both it porousis seldom and foundper- Pliocene Thethehighlavas100 westernandesite, rim-rocks.to were 200 parthighlyfeet rhyolite Cascan ofthick fluid,the andlavasmantlereservation. flowingbasalt form covering aas atmaterialimportantbelowtant lower theconstituent elevations fromaswater-table, an the aquifer. Cascan ofmay the itbe Detrital depositedwater-bearingisan notimpor- Cascadeoverthin thesheets Range. gentle for slopesgreat distanceseast of the and-effectivelycanandalluvial Dallesmantlesurface fans matrix.acts catchingrun-off. lying as a ingiantprecipitation the sponge,John Day The porous Cas- APPENDIX Vu-A (Cant.) Page 2 LatePlioceneGeologic or middle Age DeschutesDalles-Madras-Format ion basalticTheGeneral formation Characteristicsflows isintercalated mostly basic with being Water-BearingelyThe fluviatilevariable Characteristicsin portions their ability are extrem- to uppermanyvolcanichorizontaland placesothersurface activity. bedsfluviatileexceeds slopes of Itsgravel,sand, 1000gently depositsthickness feet. towards The from silt,in yieldOccasionallyandcoarse-grainedfound water. in to these beThe fine-grained casessediments and unconsolidated,will areproduceand oftencemented. good the sediments are 2400agesappearingthe drainagefeetof tie elevation.exposed reservationof the in Deschutes the at main about River,drain- wells.Thebutbasaltsonesformation because being arebasaltic fullaretheyporous permeable, of liemembers andwater. above permeable, of Thethethe the upperlowerwater Middle Miocene ColumbiaBasalt River numerousThe basalt vents lava which had itsyielded origin flows in Passagewaystablelimited are todevoid forthe watervesicularof water. are generallycontacts, verticalunderlieofappearlavas, relatively uptodayprisms,the to Dalles. short200as usually hugefeet length.These six-sidedin having thickness,lavas The a thattheoccurandlower lava.thethey within portionsjointing failDrillers the to are upperandyield report oftenfracturing portionsusable thatso tight the ofthat Early Miocene John Day pallyWinddark color. borneof andesitic ashes consisting and rhyolitic princi- Tuffsmationporousamounts andis but ofdifficultash impermeable.water f the to to Johnwells. drill. The Day Theforma- are f or- varymaterialsastofeet lightgreatfrom in afilled coloreddepths. thickness.few feet the ashThe tobasinal TheandJohn two depositstuff Daythousand area whichappears are thetionitedin John thethisis to tight. formationDaythearea arefirst reportWells failures. is100 drilledgenerallythat feet waterDrillers ofinto ashlim- found agglomerates.Johnlandsliding.soft, Day and often are The givencontains upper to contacterosiongravels ofandand the appearstheoverlyingandjointed tuffDalles to whereor Columbiabeformation. fractured. only it gradessuperficiallyRiver The Basaltinto formation the or MiddleGeologic and Ageearly ClarnoFormation TheGeneral Clarno Characteristics APPENDIX vu-A (Coat.) is the oldest formation TheWater-Bearing Clarno is aCharacteristics poor water-bearer. Page 3 Eocene wheredeeplytheappearsvisible the hills formationburied ason north the to Muttonreservation.of beis Simnasho. inaccessible.apparently Mountains ItElse- soand yieldsA depthpermeablejointedfew seeps toof zoneswells.these layersoccur or water-yieldingThe fromtoother locationafford closely localized small and maturelyTheclays,and siteClarno, faulted, andshales,eroded. consistingrhyolite, and andIt when consistsagglomerates. is ofexposed muchmuch of folded ande-istuffs, zones are not predictable. 255
APPENDIX Vu-B
GEOLOGY OF THE WARM SPRINGS RESERVATION
(Refer to Packet at End of Report) 256
APPENDIXVIII-A
INVENTORY OF SPRINGS WIJHfl4 EASTERN PORTION OF WARM SPRINGS INDIAN RESERVATION
The location of springs in the following compilation is by the Geological Survey Subdivision Method. Nominal forty acre subdivisions of a section are alphabetically designated as shown.
D C B A
E F G H 1 mile
M L K J
N P Q R
1 mile
For example:
A spring located in the SW 1/4 NE 1/4 Section 22, Township 8 South, Range 12 East is designated as 8/12 - 22 G.
Where information is available, the type of discharge for each spring is shown. Magnitude of spring flow is designated by the classif 1- cation suggested by Meinzer ( 33, pp. 47-50 ), and as also appears in this report paragraph number 3-1.2. Spring discharge was observed during the summer of 1959, a period of prolonged, dry weather. Diffuse effluent seepage comprises a varying amount of the total discharge of many of the undeveloped springs. When estimating the discharge of such a spring, an attempt was made to predict the usable discharge after development. Springs listed as having unknown discharge are probably of sixth or seventh magnitude. Estimated Location Name Type Magnitude flow.q.p.m. Remarks
Extensive springs and diffuse effluent seepage into drainage of Butte and Beaver Creeks.
6/11-l5C Frank perennial sixth 2 undeveloped 6/11-iSP periodic eighth unknown dried up, some intermittent 257
6/11-19W - perennial unknown -do.- undeveloped 6/11- 24D -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 6/11 -261.. Log -do.- sixth 6 developed, concrete box w/2"x2000'pipe 6/11-29M -do.- -do.- 2 undeveloped 6/ll-30M - -do.- -do.- 3 -do.- 6/ll-31A Sumpter -do.- fifth 10-15 -do.- 6/12- 20G - perennial sixth 3 undeveloped 6/12-21A - -do.- -do.- 5 series of undeveloped springs ,w/extensive seepage 6/12-22K Nena -do.- -do.- 2 undeveloped 6/l2-25E -do.- unknown unknown -do.- 6/12-26Q -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 6/12-27C -do.- sixth 6 spring in flow to borrow pit holds 0.1 ac.-ft. year round 6/12-28L -do.- unknown unknown undeveloped 6/12-29K periodic unknown none dried up, some intermittent 6/12- 30C -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.-' 6/12-31G perennial unknown unknown undeveloped 6/12-32C intermittentunknown d0e -do.- 6/12-32B -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 6/12-32R perennial sixth 3 partially developed 6/12-35C -do.- -do.- 1 1/2 developed 6/12-35J -do.- seventh 1 undeveloped 6/12-36Q -do.- sixth 1 1/2 formerly developed, deteriorated 6/12-31 (Sl/2)- Numerous undeveloped perennial springs and effluent seepage in southern half of section. Drainage to Eagle Creek shows numerous unlocated springs and diffuse seepage, probably perennial. 7/il- 1Q perennial sixth 6 developed, serves domestic water to Simnasho, pipe by 1 1/4" pipe 7/11- 2W -do.- unknown unknown undeveloped 7/11- 2M -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 7/11- 2R -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 7/11-11W -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 7/11-1 2F intermittent -do.- -do.- -do.- 7/11-12W periodic - none undeveloped,dried up 7/11-13K perennial sixth 3 undeveloped 7/11-14B periodic - none undeveloped,dried up 7/11-33K McCorkle perennial sixth unknown developed 7/12- 2R McBride perennial - unknown shallow well dug in drainage way 7/12- 5(NW1/4)- -do.- -do.- several undeveloped springs and seepage in NW 1/4, some intermittent 258
7/12-HG - -do.- sixth 2 developed, 4'x4' concrete box 7/12-12C -do.- -do.- unknown undeveloped, con- tinuous flow in drainage to Happy Valley Reservoir 7/12-13H - -do.- -do.- 2 undeveloped 7/12-14C - -do.- seventh 1 -do.- 7/12-16R Wolf -do.- unknown unknown shallow well, 24" x 12' concrete curb 7/12-18A - -do.- sixth 1 1/2 undeveloped 7/12-18J - -do.- unknown unknown -do.- 7/12-18M - -do.- sixth 2 -do.- 7/12-23W Tewee -do.- -do.- 2 -do.- 7/12-23H Joe -do.- -do.- 5 -do.- 7/12-24G - -do.- unknown unknown -do.- 7/12-24N - -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 7/12-26R - -do.- seventh 1/2 -do.-, may be intermittent 7/l2-34F Suppah -do.- sixth 2 undeveloped 7/12-35F Dick -do.- fifth 10 series of undeveloped springs and seepage 7/12-35H Kishwalk -do.- sixth 4 undeveloped 7/13- 6(Nl/2)-perennial unknown unknown seepage and several undeveloped springs in N 1/2 7/13- SD -do.- -do.- -do.- undeveloped 7/13-10K Little Fawn-do.- sixth 2 1/2 developed 7/13-11B Buck -do.- -do.- 1 1/2 undeveloped 7/13-16L Eagle -do.- -do.- 4 -do.- 7/13-19F -do.- unknown unknown -do.- 7/13-33D -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 7/13-33Q -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 7/13-34J - -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 7/13-36(Wl/2)- -do.- continuous seepage and spring flow into Skookurn Creek to Deschutes River 7/13-36W -do0- seventh 1/2- 1 undeveloped, weak but reportedly perennial 7/13-36R - -do.- unknown unknown undeveloped 7/14- 7F perennial sixth 3 developed 7/14- 8C - -do.- -do.- 2 undeveloped 7/14-20F -do,- -do.- 2 -do.- 8/11- 5K unknown unknown unknown undeveloped 8/11-32K - intermittent unknown unknown excavated pond, holds water until end of August 8/12- 3G Spino perennial sixth 6 undeveloped 8/12- 9K unknown unknown unk flown -do.- 8/12-bA unknown seventh 1/2 -do.- 259
8/12- JOR - Intermittentunknown unknown undeveloped 8/12-ilL unknown unknown unknown developed 8/12- 14P -do.- -do.- -do,- undeveloped 8/12- 2SF perennial sixth 7 -do.- 8/12-29K -do.- sixth 9 -do,- 8/13- 4K perennial sixth 3 undeveloped 8/13- 4F -do0- -do.- 2 -do,- 8/13- 4W -do.- unknown unknown -do.- 8/13- 6Q -do.- fifth 10 -do.- 8/13- 7M -do.- -do.- 10 undeveloped, on same drainage as 8/13- 6Q 8/13- 7N Wire Corral-do.- sixth 6 partially developed 8/13-1 OG -do.- -do.- 4 undeveloped 8/13- lOW - -do.- -do.- 5 developed 8/13-hF Charley -do.- -do. - 3 -do,- Corral 8/13-12J -do.- -do.- 3 -do.- 8/13- 16D -do,- unknown unknown undeveloped 8/13-17K -do.- sixth 3 developed 8/13-17P intermittentunknown unknown undeveloped 8/13-19W perennial unknown unknown developed 8/13-1 9C Vicinity perennial seventh less than 154°F( 85,p..5) Kah-Ne-Ta (thermal) 8/13-19C -do.--do.- -do.- 1 164°F( 85,p.5) 8/13-190 -do.--do,- fifth over 50 1500-182°F( 85, p.5) 8/13-2cc -do.--do.- seventh less than 1 ( 85, p. 8/13-200 -do.--do.- sixth 1-2 (85 , p.5) 8/13-20F Kah-Ne-Ta -do.- fourth 380 122°- 139°F ( 85, pp. 1-16) 8/13-22G perennial sixth 3 undeveloped 8/13- 23F -do.- -do.- 2 -do.- 8/13-23K perennial unknown unknown undeveloped, vege- tation shows evidence of abundant sub- surface water 8/13-23R -do.- seventh 1 undeveloped 8/13- 26M intermittent unknown unknown -do.- 8/13-26L perennial sixth 2 -do.- 8/13- 26P -do,- -do.- 2 -do.- 8/13-278 Suppah -do.- -do.- 3 developed 8/13-28K -do,- unknown unknown undeveloped 8/13-30A -do.- -do.- -do.- developed 8/13- 32F McKinley perennial sixth 2 developed,reportedly, former 6 g.p.m. 8/13- 32Q periodic none dried up, formerly good spring,probably damaged by stock 8/14- 6P perennial unknown unknown undeveloped 8/14- 30F intermittent -do.- -do.- -do.- 9/10- 8W perennial unknown unknown undeveloped 9/10-31K -do.- -do.- -do.- developed 260
9/11-hF Stacona perennial sixth 3 developed, 4' dia x 10' rock crib 9/h1-11Q - -do.- unknown unknown undeveloped 9/11-1 9M intermittent -do.- -do.- -do.- 9/hl-34D Seymour perennial unknown unknown -do.- 9/1l-34H - -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 9/11-34L - -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 9/11-35R - -do.- sixth 4 -do.- 9/11-36(S1/2)- -do.- fifth 15 extensive springs and diffuse effluent seepage South 1/2 Sec. 36 on north edge road, all undeveloped 9/11- 29M Intermittent unknown unknown surface flow intermittent to mouth of Wolf ord Canyon 9/12- 1K perennial seventh 1 undeveloped 9/12- 3M Tohet -do.- sIxth 3 developed 9/12-hF Intermittent unknown unknown undeveloped, reportedly has strong seasonal discharge 9/12-iSA perennial sixth 2 undeveloped, perennial but discharge varies 9/12-17B Symentire -do.- unknown unknown partially developed 9/12-31K - periodic none none no flow now, strong evidence for potenüal spring development 9/12-31N perennial sixth 2 undeveloped 9/12- 31J -do.- unknown unknown formerly developed 9/12-32L -do.- -do.- -do.- undeveloped 9/12-33N -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 9/12-33H -do.- sixth 3 developed 9/12-34F -do.- unknown unknown undeveloped, exten- sive diffuse effluent seepage 9/12-34A -do.- sixth 4 formerly developed now deteriorated 9/13- iN perennial unknown unknown undeveloped 9/13- 2P - intermittent -do.- -do.- -do.- 9/13- 3P - perennial -do.- -do.- -do.- 9/13- 6K - -do.- -do.- -do.- developed 9/13- 7G - -do.- -do.- -do.- undeveloped 9/13-18E Winishut -do.- -do.- -do.- developed io/io- 3M Seekseequa perennial sixth 4 developed io/io- 4F periodic none none undeveloped, formerly about 3 gpm, now very weak or dried up, probably stock damaged io/ii- ,1G perennial unknown unknown reportedly developed 261
10/il- 4H periodic none negligible undeveloped,formerly had a good steady flow, probably stock damaged l0/ll-lBG - perennial unknown unknown undeveloped 8/ll-29G - -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- l0/il-3oiPeters -do.- fifth 12 undeveloped,contln- uous open flow on downstream drainage to mouth of Seek- seequa Creek l0/ll-3lH -do.- unknown unknown undeveloped l0/1].-32G - -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- lO/ll-34MBeachkomb -do.- unknown unknown developed 10/12- 4B - perennial unknown unknown undeveloped 10/12- 5A -do.- sixth 3 developed 10/12- SF - -do.- unknown unknown undeveloped 10/12- 6H - -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 10/12- 6D -do.- sixth 5 undeveloped, has been used for garden irrigation lO/12-19N -do.- unknown unknown undeveloped l0/12-32N - -do.- -do.- -do.- -do.- 11/11- 2C Alkali perennial sixth 4 developed li/li- 7H Mud periodic none none Formerly partially developed, now obliterated by stock, no apparent flow,reportedly formerly a good spring, surrounding vegetation indicates possible development 11/12- 8B Pipp perennial sixth 6 developed 11/12-17P - -do.- unknown unknown undeveloped 11/12-21M Ike -do,- -do,- -do.- -do.- 262
APPENDIX VIII-B
MAP SHOWING SPRINGSJ WELLS, LAKES. CHARKOS AND DAMS ON RESERVATION
(Refer to Packet atEndof Report) FEATURES OF KAH-NE-TA APPENDIX SPRING AND ADJACENT HOT VIII-C SPRINGS jJ Loca-t i on/ Kind of rock Openings turepera-Tern-(°F.) dischargeApproximateminute)(gallons a Remarks 19021901 do.Stream(recent) gravel 3, in pool 164154 1Less than 1 do.No mineral deposits. 1901 Fractured(tertiary volcanic rhyolite) rock many10 largesmall 182150- 50 Allmineral.river.about openings 400 feet on rocklong, ledge and 510 feet to 50or feetless wide,above Small deposits of white, slightly bitter 2ODl2Cl FracturedStream(Tertiary(recent) gravel volcanic rhyolite) rock Many1 1-2Less than 1 NoofSeepage mineral river. fromdeposits. fractures in rock bluff, south bank " Mineral deposits cement talus and 2OFl Stream(recent) gravel 48-10, pools in 139122- 380 temperaturestreamKah-Ne-Ta gravel Spring.in locally. opening No mineralabout 15 deposits. feet from out- Highest FromGeological Upson, JosephSurvey, E., Ground Kah-Ne-Ta Water SpringBranch, and prepared Adjacent in Hotcooperation Springs, withWasco Oregon County, Agriculture U.S. Department Experiment of Interior, Station, U. S. crop of fractured volcanic rock. jj2/ Corvallis,townshipfinalLocation digit and1940, is rangeofgiven 1the map is bynumber. 16 deleted.U, pp. S. (Mimeograph,Geological Survey Unpublished Subdivision Open Method,File Report) described in Appendix VIII-A. Within each 40 acre tract, the locations are numbered serially as shown by the Reference to 264 Appendix IX-A.l Drillinq Loqs and Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of logs October 27, 1955 Field number: 7/11- 36ML. Source data: U.S. Dept., of (nt., Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Bureau of Public Health, Form 9-185, by Newcomb, from Bureau of Public Health.
Location: NW 1/4 SW 1/4 Sec. 36, T. 7S., R.11E. Names Island well. Owner: Tribal. Drillers R. J. Strasser, Portland, Oregon. Topography: Lava plateau. Elevation: 2525 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Drilled. Date of well: 1935 Depth of well: 500 ft. Casing: 6 inch x 350 ft. (approx.) Chief aquifer: Probably John Day. Water level.: Pump: Piston, 1 13/16 in. cylinder, Meyers. Power: 14 ft. windmill. Yield: Reportedly reliable stock well. Drawdown: Use: Stock. Quality: Remarks: Well is apparently not used for domestic purposes. Not known if water is polluted.
Appendix IX-A.2 Drilling Logs and Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of log: October 27, 1955. Field number: 7/12- 7F1. Source data: U.S.Dept., mt., Geological Suivey, Water Resources Division, Bureau of Public Health, Form 9-185, by Newcomb, from Bureau of Public Health.
Location: SE 1/4 NW 1/4 Sec. 7, T.7S., R.l2E. Name: Simnasho well. Owner: U.S.B.I.A. Tribal well. Driller: R. J. Strasser, Portland, Oregon Topography: Edge Valley floor, bottom of foothills. Elevation: 2500 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Drilled. Date of wells 1935. Depth of well: 565. Casing: 6 inch. Chief aquifers Unknown. Water level: 430 ft. below ground. Pump: Powers Electric motor. Yield: 10 g.p.m. Drawdown: 19 ft. Use: Stock, domestic. Quality: Satisfactory. Remarks: Previous windmill was destroyed by fire. Well now serves about 10 homes. Bailer test of unreported duration at time well was drilled indicated 10 g.p.m. with 10 ft., drawdown. 265 Appendix IX-A.3 Drillthq Loqs and Frformance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of log: July, 1959. Field number: 7/l2-7F2. Source data: Agency Land Operations Office File 344.22.
Location: SE 1/4 NW 1/4 Sec. 7, 1. 7S., R.12E. Name: Known as Mission well. Owner: Presbyterian Church. Driller: Topography: Edge valley floor, bottom of foothills. ElevatIon: 2450 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Dug. Date of well: Probably before 1920. Depth of well: 35 ft. Casing: Concrete - rubble, 4 ft diameter. Chief aquifer: Sedimentary. Water level* Pump: Power: Yield: Drawdown: Use: Previous domestic. Quality: Remarks: Well is not presently used due to contamination from local septic tank effluent Infiltration. An electric motor installation is proposed.
Appendix IX-A.4 Drilling Logs andPerformance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of log: July, 1959. Field number: 7/12- l7Nl. Source data: Field inspection.
Location: SW 1/4 SW 1/4 Sec.l7, T.7S.,R.l2E. Name: Owner: Driller: Topography: Valley floor. Elevation: 2350 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Dug. Date of well: Depth of well: About 20 ft. Casing: Concrete or rubble. Chief aquifer: Probably sedimentary. Water level: Estimate 10-15 ft. below ground. Pump: Hand pump. Power: Yield: Drawdown: Use: Domestic. Quality: Remarks: 266
Appendix IX-A.5 prillinq Loqs and Performance Data of Wells on t.he Reservation.
Date of logs July, 1959. Field numbers 7/12 - 21A1. Source data: Filed inspection.
Location: NE 1/4 NE 1/4 Sec.21,T.7S.,R.12E. Name: Wolf well. Owner: Driller: Topography: On hill drainage. Elevation: 2750 ft. above M.S.L. Type of wells Dug. Date of wells Depth of wells 12 ft. Casing: 24 in, concrete pipe, section. Chief aquifer: Probably sedimentary. Water levels Pump: None. Power: Yield: Drawdown: Use: Domestic. Quality: Remarks: Fed from spring flow or perched water off Mutton Mountains.
Appendix IX-A.6 Drilling Logs and Performance Data of Wells on he Reservation.
Date of log: October 27, 1955. Field number: 7/12- 34L1. Source data: U.S. Dept., of mt., Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Bur., of Public Health, Form 9-185, by Newcomb, from Bureau of Public Health.
Location: NE 1/4 SW 1/4 Sec. 34,T.7S., R.12E. Names Suppah well. Owner: Suppah. Driller: Bert Abrams, Madras, Oregon. Topography: Edge of lava bench. Foot Mutton Mountain. Elevation: 2800 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Drilled. Date of wells 1950 Depth of well: 300 ft. Casing: 6 in, x 12 ft. No perforations. Chief aquifer: Unknown. Water level: 87 ft. below ground. Pump: Piston. Power: 14 ft. windmill. Yields 2g.p.m. sustained, 4 g.p.m. short time. i/ Drawdown: Use: Stock, domestic. Quality: Has been tested by Bureau Public Health. Remarks: 4800 gallon reservoir. 120' to 178 ' hard lava rock. 0' to 12' Soil and gravel.178' to 300' crevasse rock. 12' to 120' soft lava rock. ilPerformancetest by Brown in 1955. See Appendix IX-C. 267 ppendix IX-A.7 Drilllnq Loqs and Performance Data of We1)s on the Reservation.
Date of log: April 11, 1956. Field number: 8/11- 6Ll. Source data: U.S. Dept., of Int., Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Form 9-185, by Newcomb, from Agency records.
Location: NE 1/4 SW 1/4 Sec.6,T.8S., R.11E. Name: Sidwalder well(Alfred Smith). Owner: Tribal. Driller: R. J. Strasser, Portland, Oregon. Topoqraphys Lava plateau. Elevation: 2620ft. above M.S.L. Type of wells Drilled. Date of wells 1935. Depth of well: 407. Casing: 6 in. Chief aquifer: Probably John Day. Water levels. Pump: Piston. Power: 14' windmill. Yield: Drawdown: Use: Stock. Quality: Remarks: Water level cannot be measured 4/11/56. Flange bolted tight to casing.
Appendix IX-A.8 Drillinq Loqs and Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of log: April 11, 1956. Field number: 8/11- 35 P 1. (Reported as 8/11 - 34Rl) Source data: U.S. Dept., of mt., Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Form 9-185, by Newcomb, from Agency records.
Location: SE 1/4 SW 1/4 Sec.35,T.8S., R.11E. Name: Miller well. (or Hoptowit Well). Owner: Tribal. Driller: R. J. Strasser, Portland, Oregon. Topography: Swale in lava plateau. Elevation: 2690 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Drilled. Date of well: December, 1934. Depth of well: 320 ft. Casing: 6 in. x 20 ft. No perforations. Chief aquifer: Madras. Water level: 208 below ground, December 26, 1934. Pump: Piston. Power: 14 ft. windmill. Yield: "Lots of water. Drawdown: 10 ft after several hours hard bailing - (1934) Use: Stock. Quality: Good water, no analysis. Remarks: 0' to 248' cemented gravel; 248' to 320' Madras Stacona spring 1 1/4 miles south indicates aquifer may be largely in region of cemented gravel. 268 Appendix IX-,9 Drillinq Logs and Performance Data of Wells on th9 Reservation,
Date of log: March, 1958. Field number: 8/12- 4R1. Source data: Agency Land Operations, OffIce File 344.22 (Driller's statement).
1. Location: SE 1/4 SE 1/4 Sec.4,T.8S., R.12E. 2. Name: Tootick well. 3, Owner: Mack Tootick. 4. Driller: Lawrence Kowaleski, Madras, Oregon. 5. Topography: Edge of lava bench, foot of Mutton Mountains. 6 Elevation: 2750 ft. above M.S.L. (Drill reported 3000 ft.) 7e Type of well: Drilled. 8. Date of well: March, 1958. 9. Depth of well: 139 ft. 10. Casing: 6 in. casing to 15 ft. deep.No perforations. 11. Chief aquifer: Clay. 12. Water level: 13. Pump: 14. Power: 15: Yield: 12 g.p.m. with 6 ft. drawdown after 1 hour by driller's bailing test. 16. Drawdown: 17. Use: Domestic. 18. Quality: / No analysis made. 19. Remarks: 0' to 2' topsoil. 119' to 135' gray clay. 2' to 6' gravel. 135' to 139' red clay. 6' to 119' red clay. 139' rock.
Appendix IX-AlO Drilling Logs and Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of log: July, 1959. Field number: 8/12- 9Al. Source data: Field inspection.
Location: NE 1/4 i 1/4 Sec.9,T.8S., R.12E. Name: Calica well. Owner: Joe Calica Driller: Calica Topography: Edge of lava bench, foot of Mutton Mountains. ElevatIon: 2750 ft. Type of well: Dug. Date of well: 1954. Depth of well: lOft. Casing: Chief aquifer: Water level: Pump: Power: Yield: Abundant supply. Drawdowri: Use: Domestic. Quality: Remarks: Shallow, hand dug well In natural drainage. Supply probably spring inflow, 269 Appendix tX-A.11 Drillinq Loqs and Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of Log: 1959. Field number: 8/13- 9 Ki. Source data: Agency records.
LocatIons NW 1/4 SE 1/4 Sec.9,T.8S., R.13E. Name: Charley well. Owners Russell Charley. Driller: Lawrence Kowaloski. Topography: Hill side valley. Elevation: 1800 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Drilled. Date of well: 1959. Depth of well: 125 ft. Casing: 6" x 20 ft. Chief aquifer: Red clay. Water level: Pump: Power: Yields 3 gallons per minute. Drawcjown: Use: Domestic. Quality: Remarks: Conglomerate, soil, rock: 0' - 7'. Red clay: 7' - 125'.
Appendix IX-A.12 Drillinq Logs and Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of log: January 25, 1959. Field number: 8/13- 20G1. Source data: U.S. Dept. mt., Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Form 9-185, by Newcomb, from State Engineer Report.
Location: SW 1/4 NE 1/4 Sec.20,T.BS., R.13E. Name: Freeland well. Owners F. B. Freeland. Driller: L. Kowaleski, Madras, Oregon. Topography: Valley. Elevation: 1800 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Drilled. Date of well: 1958. Depth of well: 39 ft. Casing: 6 In. x 13 ft. No perforations. Chief aquifer: Water levels 7 ft below ground 10/17/58. Pump: Power: Yield: 32 g.p.m. Drawdown: 1 ft. after 1 hour at 32 g.p.m. Use: Domestic. Quality: 1050 F. Remarks: 0' to 13' large boulders. 13' to 39' tuff a, hard. Probably served by additional well for domestic use. Numerous springs in area. 270 Appendix IX-A.13 Drlllinq Lo9s and Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation
Date of log: January 25, 1959. Field number: 8/14- 20 Rl. Source data: U.S. Dept. of mt., Geological Survey, Water Resources division, Form 9-185, by Newcomb, from driller's statement.
1. Location: SE 1/4 SE 1/4 Sec.20,T.85., R.l4E. 2. Name: Heath well. 3. Owner: Nathan Heath. 4. Driller: L. Kowaleski, Madras. 5. Topography: Valley slope. 6. Elevation: 1300 ft. above M.S.L. 7. Type of well: Drilled. 8. Date of well: 1958. 9. Depth of well: 34 ft. 10. Casing: 6 in. x 33 ft. 11. ChIef aquifer: Probably sedimentary. 12. Water level: 27 ft. below surface, 9/10/58. 13. Pump: 14. Power: 15. YIeld: 12 g.p.m. 16. Drawdown: 3 ft. after 2 hours at 12 g.p.m. 17. Use: 18. Quality: Domestic. 19. Remarks: 0' to 6' sand. 6' to 34' gravel boulders, and clay.
Appendix IX-A,l4 Dril].inq Loqs and Performance Data of Wells on the reservation.
Date of log: September 21, 1953. Field number; 9/12- 10 Ll. Source data: U.S. Dept. of Int., Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Form 9-185, by Newcomb, from driller's statement.
Location: NE 1/4 SW 1/4 Sec.10, T.9S., R.l2E. Name: Scott well. (Dry hole) Owner: Lulu Scott. Driller: Bert Abrams. Topography: Valley slope. Elevation: 1600 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Drilled. Date of well: 1945. Depth of well: 580, Casing: 6 in. Chief aquifer: None. Water level: None. Pump: Power: Yield: Dry hole. Drawdown: Use: Quality: Remarks: Located in Dry Creek Valley. Located upon slope above valley alluvium. Drilled into John Day beds. This or another "Dry Creek Well" was drilled to 804 ft. in 1935. 271. Appendix IX-A.15 Drillinq Loqs and Performance Data of Wells on jh9 Reservation.
Date of log: Unknown. Field numbers 9/13- 30. Source data: Driller's statement.
Locations Near bridge at Highway #26 at Deschutes River. Name: Village Cafe well. Owner: Driller: Mr. Bert Abrams, Madras. Topography: Valley floor. Elevations 1400 ft. above M.S.L. Type of wells Drilled. Date of wells Unknown. Depth of wells Unknown, probably less than 40 ft. Casing: 6 in. Chief aquifer: Sedimentary. Water levels Unknown. Pump: Power: Electric. Yield: Unknown, but reported to be strong discharge. Drawdown: Unknown. Use: Commercial. Quality: Good. Remarks: Driller reports this to be a strong well.
Appendix IX-A,16 Drillinq Loqs andPerformance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of log: September 21, 1953. Field Number: 9/12 - 10 Rl. Source data: U.S. Dept. of mt., Geological Survey, Water Resources division, Form 9-185, by Newcomb, from driller's statement.
Locations SE 1/4 SE 1/4 Soc.lO, T.9S., R.12E. Names Scott well. Owner: Lulu Scott. Driller: Bert Abrams. Topography: Valley bottom. Elevations 1560 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Drilled. Date of well: 1945. Depth of well: 101 ft. Casing: 6 in. Chief aquifer: Alluvial gravel. Water levels Regional water table 10 ft. below ground when drilled. Pump: Power: Yield: Unknown. Drawdown: Unknown. Use: Stock. Quality: Remarks: Water obtained is perched in alluvial fill at level of Dry Creek. Appendix IX-A.17 Drilling Logs and Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of log: April 11, 1956. Field number: Not given(Apparently 9/12 - 23A1). Source data: U.S. Dept. of mt., Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Form 9-185, by Newcomb.
Location: NE 1/4 NE 1/4 Sec.23,T.9S., R.12E. Name: Known as Johnson #3 well. Owner: Tribal. Driller: Not given. Topography: Sidehill lava bench. Elevation: 1700 ft. above MS.L. Type of well: Drilled. Date of well: Probably 1935. Depth of well: 558 ft. Casing: 6th. Chief aquifer: Not given. (probably John Day) Water level: 430 ft. below ground surface. Pump: Powers Yield: See remarks. Drawdown: Use: Quality: Remarks: Well schedule, 9-185, of 1956 states yield of 15 g.p.m. Existing dry hole in this area indicates previous yield data may be not valid in 1959, or erroneously reported. Residents report a dry hole in this area drilled in 1935. Agency records Indicate a well constructed in 1935 at Dry Creek.
Appendix IX-A,18 Drilling Logs and Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of log: July, 1959. Field number: 9/12 - 34Fl. Source data: Discussion with residents.
Location: SE 1/4 NW 1/4 Sec.34, T.9S., R.12E. Name: Owner: Driller: Topography: Edge of valley, foot of Tenino hills. Elevation: 2800 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Dug. Date of well: Probably before 1930. Depth of well: 10 ft. (estimated) Casing: Unknown. Chief aquifer: Water level: Pump: Hand pump. Power: Yield: Drawdown: Use: Domestic. Quality: Remarks: Well in drainage near base of valley hills. Probably intercepts spring seepagewhich is prevalent in vicinity, 273
Appendix IX-A,l9 Drillinq Loqs and Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation
Date of log: November 29, 1957. Field number: 10/12- l2(Across river, not in reservation) Source data: U.S. Dept. of mt., Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Form 9-185, by Hogenson, from State Engineer Report.
I. Location: E 1/2 Secel2, T.lOS,, R.12E. 2. Name: DeShazer well. 3. Owner: Glenn DeShazer. 4. Driller: L. Kowaleski, Madras, Oregon. 5. Topography: Valley floor. 6. Elevation: 7. Type of well: Drilled 8. Dater of well: 1956. 9. Depth of well: 45 ft. 10. Casing: 6 in. x 40 ft. 11. Chief aquifer: Probably sedimentary. 12. Water level: 13. Pump: 14. Power: 15. Yield: 15 g.p.m. 16. Drawdown: No drawdown after continuous bailing at 15 g.p.m. 17. Use: Domestic. 18. Quality: 19. Remarks: Gravel 5' to 45' Yellow tuffa 13'. to 40'.
Appendix IX-A.20 Drillinq Loqs arid Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of log: April 11, 1956. Field number: 10/12- 15 El. Source data: U.S. Dept. of mt., Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Form 9-185, by Newcomb, from Agency records.
Location: SW 1/4 NW 1/4 Sec. 1, T.1OS., R.l2E. Name: Dry Hollow or Wesley Smith well. Owner: Tribal. Driller: R. J. Strasser, Portland. Topography: Valley floor, Dry Hollow. Elevation: 2150 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Drilled. Date of well: 1935. Depth of well: 288 ft. Casing: 6 in. Chief aquifer: John Day or Dalles. Water level: Pump: Piston. 1 13/16 in. cylinder. Power: 14 ft. windmill. Yield: Dependable stock water. Drawdown: Use: Stock, domestic. Quality: Satisfactory, no analysis made. Remarks: 274 Appendix IX-A.21 Drilling Logs and Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of log: November 10, 1955. Field number: 10/12- 311(1. Source data: U.S. Dept. mt., Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Form 9-185, Observation by Newcomb, from Agency Records. Location: NW 1/4 SE 1/4 Sec.3l, T.1OS., R.l2E. Name: Johnson #2 or Annie Smith well. Owner: Tribal. Driller: R. J. Strasser, Portland. Topography: Plateau. Elevation: 2440 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Drilled. Date of well: 1935. Depth of well: 380 ft. Casing: 8 In. Chief aquifer: Water level: 360 ft. below ground. Pump: Power: Yield: No records, is a good well. Drawdown: Use: Stock. Quality: Remarks: Drilled into John Day beds, (Form 9-185 record by Newcomb from Agency data date April 11, 1952, no location, lists well called "Johnson #2 well located west of Wewa well" as depth 402 ft. water level 355 ft., 15 g.p.m. with 10 ft. drawdown. Probably is same well as 10/12 - 311(1). Appendix IX-A,22 Drilling Logs and Performance Data of Wells on the Reservaipn.
Date of log: April Il, 1952 and November 10, 1955. Field number: 10/12- 34N1 (Reported 10/12 -34E1) Source data: U.S. Dept. of Int., Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Form 9-185, Recorded by Newcomb, from driller and Agency records. Location: SW 1/4 SW 1/4 Sec. 34, T.1OS., R.l2E. Name: Wewa well. Owner: Tribal. 4, Driller: Original, 1935: R. 3. Strasser, Portland, Oregon. Redrill 1948: Bert Abrams, Madras, Oregon. Topography: Plateau. Elevation: 2040 ft. above M.S.L. Type of well: Drilled. 8, Date of well: Drilled 1935, Redrilled 1948. Depth of well: Unknown ft. in 1935. 616 ft. in 1948. Casing: 6 in. x 389 1/2 ft. No perforations. Chief aquifer: John Day, or Dalles. Water level: 355 ft. in 1935, 345 ft. in 1948(below ground). Pump: 1 7/8 in. cylinder, Cooke piston. Power: 14 ft. windmill. Yield: 2 to 3 g.p.m. at time of redrilling. Drawdown: 55 ft. drawdown after short time bailing at time redrill. Use: Stock Quality: 275
19. Remarks: Abrams reported "Indian boy said a spring was nearby that 'could have supplied as muchwater'."(Probably Pipp Spring In NW 1/4 NE 1/4 Sec.8.) Well silted in and inoperative 1946. Well was grouted and redrilled in 1948 by Abrams. Well again silted in. As of 1959 well again inoperative. Abrams says "Good well as water table in sedimentary conglo- merate -probably Dalles".
Appendix IX-A.23 Drillinq Loqsand Performance Data of Wells on the Reservation.
Date of log: July, 1958. Field number: 11/12 - 18 P1. Source data: Agency Land Operations, Office File no. 344.22.
1. Locations SE 1/4 SW 1/4 Sec.18, T.11S., R.12E. 2. Names Estabrook well. 3. Owner: Joe Estabrook. 4. Driller: Unknown, probably Bert Abrams. 5. Topography: Plateau. 6. Elevation: 2600 ft. above M.S.L. 7. Type of well: Drilled. 8. Date of well: July, 1958. 9. Depth of well: 370. 10. CasIng: 6" x 12' - 0", set In cement for surface sea1. 11. Chief aquifers Conglomerate, sandstone. Probably perched. 12. Water levels 152 ft. below surface at time of drilling. Has since dropped to about 260 ft. below surface. 13. Pump: 14. Power: 15. Yield: Test bailer at 20 g.p.m. 16. Drawdown: 17. Use: Domestic. 18. Quality: Good. 19. Remarks * 0' to 3' soil, 42' to 118' tuff, 3' to 10 'pumice, basalt, 118' to 316' 10' to 18 basalt, gravel, sandstone, 18' to 42' visicular basalt. conglomerate. 316' to 342' lava rock. 342' to 370' sandstone. Reported to have been redrilled two times.Well is now apparently 370' deep. ADEQUACY OF EXISTING WATER SUPPLY IN WARM SPRINGS RESERVATION APPENDIX IX-B TypeWells of Supply Number of Homes 14 ( 86) Approved Homes 6 ( 37) j/Not Approved Homes 8 ( 49) SurfaceSprings Water 1913 ( hO) C 83) 60 C 38) 19 (iio) 7 C 45) .2/ AgencyNo Supply 107 ( 577)23 C 130) 105 (563) 0 23 (130) 2 ( 14) Simnasho 183 (1027) 7 C 41) 124 (679) 7 C 41) 59 (348) 0 jJ CeliloDataSanitation from Villages). U.S. Report Department of Warm of Springs Health, Indian Education Reservation and Welfare, of Oregon(including Comprehensive EnvironmentalBurns and U. S. Public Health Service, Division of Indian Health, Portland, .2/ Aide,NumbersOregon Warm Areain Springs). parenthesis Office, December are population. 1958, 32 p. (data collected by Elton Greeley, Sanitation 277
APPENDIX IX-C
CAPACITY TEST OF THE FRANK SUPPAH WELLJ SCHOOLIE FLAT
WARM SPRINGS INDIAN RESERVATION, OREGON. DECEMBER. 1955
By S. G. Brown (6)
[NTRODWT ION
Authorization for the Work
In accordance with the letter of October 28, 1955, from Dr.Ruth E. Dunham, Area Medical Officer of the Division of Indian Health, Public Health Service, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and the authorization of November 10 from the Director of the Geological Survey, the Portland office of the Geological Survey made a capacity test of the Frank Suppah well located in the NE 1/4 SW1/4 sec. 34, 1. 7S., R.12E., at the eastern edge of Schoolie Flat on the Warm Springs Reservation.
Arrangements for the Test
The driller of the well, Bert C. Abrams of Madras, was interviewed and the information, as shown on the following log of the well, was furnished by him.
Log of the Frank Suppah well in NE1/4 of SW1/4 sec. 34, 1. 7 S., R. 12 E., Oregon. Altitude about 2,800 ft. Drilled by Bert C. Abrams, 1950
ThicknessDepth Materia is (feet) (feet)
Soil and gravel 12 12 Lava rock, soft, water-bearing at depth of 88 ft. 108 120 Lava rock, hard 58 178 Clarno formation (?): Rock, creviced and fractured 122 300
Casing, 6-inch, set to depth of 12 ft.; open 6-inch hole to bottom. No water believed developed in lower 150 ft. of hole. Bailer test at completion showed yield of 4 gprn and static water level 87 ft. below surface. Unpublished records subject to revision
An inventory of deep-well pumps available for the test showed that only a helical-rotor or "water-screw" pump was approximately adaptable to the job, The discharge of this pump could not be valved down, so that regulating the speed of the engine was the only mechanical means of controlling the rate of water discharge from the pump. The owner's windmill pump was removed and the helical-rotor pump was installed and made ready for the test by a commercial pump company. The pump was set with the bottom of its intake pipe at a depth of 205 feet below the top of the casing, which is at land-surface level.
Arrangement was made with the Quality of Water Branch to make chemical analyses of samples of the water taken on November 5 and during the pumping test,
The depth to water level in the well was 100,39 feet below the top of the casing when the windmill was removed on December 1,
TESTS OF THE WELL
After the helical-rotor pump was set on December 1, a short pre- liminary pumping run was made to test thepump. It started at a dis- charge of about 30 gallons per minute (gpm) and the discharge declined to 10 gpm within 26 minutes, at which time the water level had been drawn done to the pump intake and the pump broke suction with the water level at 205 feet below the land surface,By 12:30 p.m. on December 2, the water level had recovered to 104.80 feet below the measuring point.
The well test was run on December 2. With the non-pumping level of the water at 104,80 feet below the surface, the pump was turned on at 12:55 p.m. at a rate of 15.5 gallons per minute and the speed of the engine was adjusted to try to keep the discharge at 10 gpm. The following table shows the time, depth to water level, and discharge ofpump during the test:
Time Depth to water level Pump discharge December 2 (feet below land surfacej (qallons per minute)
12:30 p.m. 104.80 12:55 104.80 Pump on 12:57 108.12 15.5 12:58 112.56 12:59 115.00 14.5 1:00 117.99 1:01 120.85 1:03 123.82 1:04 126.40 1:05 126,75 8.1 1:07 127.02 1:09 127.80 1:10 128.39 8.3 1:15 138.55 6.4 l:l5- 8.3 (speed raised) 1:20 143.58 8.3 1:30 5,4 1:30fr 8.3 (speed raised) 1:35 7,5
Unpublished records subject to revision 279
8.3 (speed raised) l;353- 1:55 185,30 7.5 8.3 (speed raised) l:55 2:10 6.7 8.3 (speed raised) 2:lt* 2:20 9.5 2:2l 20. 5.0 çbroke suction) 2:22 0.0 pumpoff)
The water level was measured at 4:0 p.m. onDecember 2, when it had recovered to 170,50 feet below the surface, and at9:10 a.m. on December 4, when it was 107.10 feet.
The drawdown and recovery of the water level in thewell during the test are shown graphically on the attached chart(p1. 1).
Analyses of water samples taken before and during thetest show the following values:
Chemical analyses of water from the Frank Suppah well (7/l2-34L1), Schoolie Flat. Warm Sprinqs Indian Reservation. Oreqon (Analyses by Quality of Water Branch, GeologicalSurvey)
Parts per Parts per million million Nov 5 1955 Dec 2 1955
Silica (so2) 41 40 Calcium (Ca) 12 10 Magnesium (Mg) 2.8 3.8 Sodium (Na) 12 13 Potassium (K) 1.4 14
Bicarbonate (FCO3) 71 72 Sulfate (so4) 2.6 Chloride (Cl) 2 2.8 Fluoride (F) 1.0 Nitrate (No3) 2.1 2.3 Total dissolved solids 113
Hardness (as CaCO3) Total 41 41 Noncarbonate 0 0
Percent sodium 38 40
Specific conductance in at 25° C. 134 136
pH 8.0 8.1
Temperature when collected 56° F.
Unpublished records subject to revision 280
CONCLUS IONS
The test results warrant the following conclusions as to the capacity of the well:
1. The well was pumped for 87 minutes at an average rate of 8,1 gpm. At the end of this time the water level had lowered 100 feet, to 205 feet below land surface, and the pump broke suction.
The total water pumped during the 87-minute pumping period was about 705 gallons, of which about 142 gallons Came from the bore of the well and about 553 from the aquifer. The rate of withdrawal from the aquifer thus was approximately 6.4 gpm.
The sustained yield at a drawdown of 100 feet is much less than 10 gpm.
The shape of the drawdown curve, obtained by plotting the water level against the time (see p1,1), indicates no substantial Increase in maximum long-term capacity of the well would be obtained by setting the pump at greater depth in the well.
The driller's estimate from a bailer test, of 4 gpm as the yield of the well, may be approximately correct for the short-term yield of the well,
The sustained yield of the well may be in the order of 2 gpm, or about 3,000 gallons per day.
The chemical analyses show the water to be of good quality.
Unpublished records subject to revision 281
APPENDIX IX-D
REPORT ON SCHOOLIE FLATS WATER SUPPLYWARM SPRINGS INDIAN RESERVATION WARM SPRINGS OREGON.
By F. A. Flohrschutz, Jr. (13)
When it was found that the Suppah Well would not produce sufficient water to supply the families of Schoolie Flats, additional supplies in the area were sought that might be developed to serve the area.
In the preliminary investigation, a spring producing about 20 gallons per minute was discovered approximately one and one-half miles east of the Suppah Well. As this investigation was made during the spring of the year, it was proposed that the spring be observed through- out the summer to check on a possible decrease in flow. In the early fall, it appeared that the spring had stabilized at a flow of 10 gallons per minute0 This quantity of water is sufficient to serve the Schoolie Flats area covered by the water distribution system. Since it appeared that the spring would produce sufficient water for the area, a field survey was instituted on October 23 through 25 to determine the feasi- bility of joining the spring to a distribution system for Schoolie Flats.
The results of this field survey show that it would be possible to bring water by gravity from the spring to the Schoolie Flats area. However, there are several factors against using this source of supply. These are as follows:
In order to maintaIn sufficient fall in the transmission line for a gravity system, it would be necessary to add an additional 3,000 feet of pipe to the line, making a total line length in excess of 11,000 feet.
Approximately 3,000 feet of this pipe line would be over rock where it would be necessary to blast a trench of sufficient depth to prevent freezing of the line during the winter months.
The spring flow has decreased to 8 gallons per minute which would indicate that on a yearly basis it probably would not produce sufficient water for the Schoolie Flats area.
Based on the above three factors, it is suggested that other means be investigated for supplying Schoolie Flats with domestic water.
The report by the Water Resources Branch, Geological Survey, of which the Council has a copy, gives suggestions as to areas for test well drilling operations and further suggests the possibility of 282
pumping from one of the streams at the edges of Schoolie Flats. This last suggestion would demand large amounts ofpower over a period of thirty years, and could only be undertaken ifa very cheap source of power was available to the Tribe,
It would appear that there is no easy solution to the Schoolie Flats domestic water problem, However, the Sanitation Section of the Portland Area Office, Division of Indian Health, will be happy to assist the Warm Springs Tribal Council inany manner within our scope of operation in any new investigations they may wish to undertake in supplying the Schoolie Flats area with domestic water. 283
APPENDIX IX-E
AVAILABILITY OF GROUND WATER IN THE SCHOOLIE FLAT AREA. WASCO COUNTY. OREGON, MAY) 1956.
By
R. C. Newcomb and G. M. Hogenson (40)
INTRODUCTION
Purpose of the Investiqajion
The United States Public Health Service, Division of Indian Health, which is charged with the responsibility of rising the health standards of residents of the Indian reservations, has determined that one of the major health needs of the reservations isan adequate water supply. By letter from Dr. Ruth E. Dunham, area medical officer, dated March 19, 1956, the Geological Survey was requested to assist In locatingan adequate water supply for a small part of the Warm Springs Indian Reser- vation, Oregon, specifically in the area know as "Schoolie Flat". This district is populated by about 20 Indian families and isan area in which ground water is difficult to obtain. The Health Service indicated that a supply of 10 gpm would be adequate, though a greater supply was desirable,
The Geological Survey tested the yield of the Frank Suppah well, located on Schoolie Flat, in December 1955, to determine whether it could be used as a source for the necessary supply (Brown, 1955). This well failed to yield the required amount of water.
In April 1956, the authors made a geologic reconnaissance of the area to supplement pre-existing general geologic information. This report comprises the result of that reconnaissance.
Location and Extent of the Area
The area studied includes these parts of Townships 7 and 8 South, lying in Ranges 11 and 12 East, Willamette meridian, and it lies in the southwestern part of Wasco County, Oregon. It includedail of Schoolie Flat and parts of the surroundingarea (see p1. 1).
Previous InvestiQatlons
The area covered by this investigation is part ofa larger area that has been studied and mapped geologically by the State College and the University. The results of that work were compiled and published by Hodge (1940, 1942). Hodge's maps show the general relations of the rock units but in many places do not closely locate thecontacts between the units. A small area to the north and a larger one to the south of the Schoolie Flat were studied and described by Allen (1946) and Stearns (1931) respectively.
Unpublished records subject to revision 284
Land Forms and Drainaqe
There are two main topographic units within the area mapped. These are the maturely eroded Mutton Mountains in the northeastern part of the area and the youthfully dissected lava plain forming most of the remained of the area. The deep, steep-walled canyons of the Warm Springs River and its principal tributaries have cut the former lava plain into flat- topped plateaus. These flat plateaus are named Schoolie Flat, Mill Creek Flat, "Island" Flat, and Miller Flat. The altitude of the flats ranges from about 3,000 down to 2,300 feet. Rising above the western part of the lava plain are two volcanic cones, Hehe Butte and Sidwalder Butte.
The Warm Springs River and its principal tributary, Beaver Creek, are perennial streams trending southeasterly across, and incised deeply into, the lava plain. Both streams are fed by smaller, intermittent tributaries. A USGS gaging station at Hehe Hill on the Warm Springs River was maintained from 1949 to 1952. The maximum streamf low recorded was 662 cubic feet per second on February 11, 1951, and the minimum was 98 cf s on January 17, 1950. The mean discharge measured at the station for the water year October 1, 1951 to September 30, 1952, was 166 cfs.
Climate
The Schoolie Flat has a cool, semiarid, subalpine climate, and, like most of the reservation, it lies in the rain-shadow of the Cascade Mountains. In 1955, the Weather Bureau station at Madras, at an altitude of 2,256 feet, recorded a frost-free period of 58 days. The highest temperature recorded was 1020 F. on July 15 and the lowest, -15° F. on November 15. The average annual temperature for the 34 years of record was 47.4 degrees, and the average annual precipitation for the 35 years of record is 8.8 inches. It is to be expected that the climate of Schoolie Flat would be slightly cooler and wetter than that at Madras, owing to its greater altitude and its position nearer the crest of the Cascade Mountains.
THE RCCK UNITS AND THEIR WATER-BEARING CHARACTERISTICS
General Relationship of the Rock Units
Near mid-Tartiary time the Schoolie Flat area was characterized by a mature erosional terrain on the Eocene Clarno formation. Low places in this terrain were partly filled by middle late Oligocene and early Miocene tuffs of the John Day formation which, in turn, were covered by the fluviatile and lacustrine sediments making up the Pliocene Madras formation of Hodge (1928). This formation, in turn, was buried by Pleistocene lavas flowing eastward from the crest of the Cascade Range. The extent of the major rock units is shown on the accompanying map (p1.1).
Clarno Formation
The Clarno formation is a thick series of volcanic ash, welded tuff, and lava beds of acidic to basic composition. The tuffs are partly weathered into clay and the lavas are dense and compact, offering little porosity for storing ground water and few open fractures, permeable zones,
Unpublished records subject to revision 285
or other conduits for its transmission. Wells commonly obtain only meager yields from the Clarno formation, and water-bearing zones are difficult or impossible to locate without extensive test drilling.
John Day formation
In late Eocene or early Oligocene time, the Clarno formation was locally deformed and was eroded to a mature stage. In middle and late Oligocene and early Miocene time, several hundred feet of windborne volcanic ash was deposited over the area and was washed by streams into depressions in the maturely eroded land surface. A period of erosion followed, during which the John Day formation In the lowlands was leveled by wandering streams Into a flat plain lying at the foot of the high hills composed of the Clarno formation.
The tuffs of the John Day formation are porous but are fine grained. Consequently, they absorb water readily but do not yield it to wells. So far as is known, all attempts to develop wells in the John Day formation have failed to obtain usable amounts of water.
Madras Formation of Hodqe (1928)
Uplift and vulcanism, which were to create much of the Cascade Mountains, started in Pliocene time. Layers of volcanic ash, sand, and silt and scattered small lenses of gravel were deposited upon the John Day formation in the lowland areas. In thickness these deposits range up to about 200 feet in the area mapped and to about 500 feet a few miles farther south. The deposits were named the Madras formation by Hodge (1928).
The materials making up this formation are mostly fine grained, although some beds of subrounded grit, gravel, and sand are present. Lenses of sand or gravel may yield water in the small amounts desired if such strata are present below the regional water table. However, most of the Madras formation of Hodge (1928) immediately underlies the rims of the tablelands. It is cut through and drained by the canyons, and, in most places, is high above the water table--which probably lies at about the level of the nearby streams. The beds of the Madras formation appear to dip below the level of Beaver Creek where that creek*s canyon borders the northerly half of the west side of Schoolie Flat. In that situation the Madras is charged with ground water, and if sufficiently permeable strata exist, it should yield water in the quantity desired. The presence of such permeable strata below the level of the water table at this place can be definitely established only by test drilling.
Cascan Formation of Hodge (1938)
During Pleistocene time, the Cascadian vulcanism was progressing, Andesitic and basaltic lavas pouring eastward into the valley areas from the Cascadescovered the Madras formation of Hodge (1928), the John Day formation, and earlier rocks to depths of 100 to 200 feet. The lavas
Unpublished records subject to revision 286
filled and covered pre-existing drainage lines and resulted in a broad, flat lava plain which originly sloped generally eastward. Small volcanoes associated with this outpouring of lava rose above the plain and now form Hehe Butte and the Sidwalder Buttes (part of which are shown at the west edge of p1. i).
The lavas (the Cascan formation of Hodge, 1938) have sufficient porosity to store moderate to small amounts of ground water and sufficient permeability to yield water to wells. However, the lavas now occur mainly as the rimrock cappings of the plateaus and terraces and, like the Madras formation of Hodge (1928), lie high above the regional water table. Their position above the nearby streams largely prevents any possibility of their being recharged by the streams and facilitates the drainage of ground water from them. The lavas lie in an area of low annual precipitation and, therefore, receive only small amounts of recharge. Small quantities of water are present in some places, perched within the lava above the less permeable layers of the Madras formation.
Glaciofluviatjle and Associated Deposits
Prior to the establishment of the present drainage pattern upon the lava plain, shallow deposits of glacial outwash and other poorly sorted fluviatile gravels and silts were deposited upon the lava along the western edge of the area mapped. They have since been eroded from much of the area. The silty matrix of the material, the location of the deposits in a semiarid region, and the position of the deposits upon the more permeable lavas render them unimportant as sources of even small amounts of ground water for the supply of the plateau areas. The small areas of these deposits are not shown on plate 1.
Recent Alluvium
During and since late Pleistocene time, the stream pattern has been reestablished upon the lava plain. The streams first cut narrow gullies through the lava and then, encountering the softer Madras formation of Hodge (1928) and John Day formation, cut rapidly downward into the soft sediments. The cutting resulted in narrow, steep-walled canyons having a rimrock of lava.
A thin, narrow ribbon of Recent alluvium borders each of the streams in some places. In most places this alluvium is made up of gravel and boulders of the Clarno formation and the lava of the Cascadlan vulcanism resting in a matrix of silt and Clay derived largely from the John Day and Madras formations. The high proportion of fine- grained material would prevent this alluvium from yielding water readily to wells in most places. In the canyon of Coyote Creek immediately above its confluence with Beaver Creek, the alluvium appears to contain sufficient coarse-grained material that shallow wells or infiltration galleries might obtain water in the quantity desired. The strips of alluvium are not shown on plate 1.
Unpublished records subject to revision 287
CCURRENCE OF GROUND WATER
Existing Wells
Five drilled wells are known within the areas mapped. These are the Simnasho well, located in sec. 7, T. 7 S., R. 12 E., the Suppah well in sec. 34 of the same township, the "Island" well in sec. 36, 1. 7 S., R. 11 E., the Sidwalder well in sec. 6, T. 8 S., R. 11 E., and the Miller well in sec. 34 of the same township. The wells are numbered 1 through S on the map (p1. 1) in the order listed above.
The Simnasho well is a 6-inch well 565 feet deep. It is drilled entirely in the Clarno formation. Its static water level was reported to be 430 feet below the land surface in October 1955, and it is reported to yield 10 gpm with 19 feet of drawdown. It is used at times to supply domestic and stock water in the settlement of Simnasho. The driller, R. .7. Strasser, believes that this well would supply 10 gallons per minute.A bailer test of unreported length, at the time the well was completed showed a yield of 10 gpm at 10 feet of drawd own.
The Suppah well is 6 inches in diameter and 300 feet deep. It is near the contact between the lavas of the Cascan formation of Hodge and the Clarno formation, and reportedly penetrates 12 feet of soil and gravel, 108 feet of "soft lava rock" (probably lava of the Cascan formation), 58 feet of hard lava, and 122 feet of fractured rock. The last two units are probably part of the Clarno formation. The water, level was 100.39 feet below the land surface on December 1, 1955. A capacity test of the well, made by the Geological Survey in December 1955, indicated that the well had a short-term yield of about 4 gpm and a sustained yield of about 2 gpm (Brown, 1955).
The "Island" well is 6 inches in diameter and 500 feet deep. Its log is not available, but it probably penetrates 150 feet or 200 feet of lava and about 300 feet of the Madras formation of Hodge, and possibly enters the John Dayformation. It is used to supply stock water, and its yield, though small, is reported to be reliable for that purpose. The driller, an employee of the R. 3. Strasser Drilling Co., recalls only that the water was obtained below the lava rock (presumably in the Madras formation), the static water level was low in the well, and the water level drew down greatly with a small amount of bailing.
The Sidwalder well is 6 inches in diameter and 407 feet deep. information is available Concerning its capacity or water level.
The Miller well is 6 inches in diameter and 320 feet deep. It is said to have penetrated 240 feet of "rock" (lava), and 72 feet of cemented gravel (Madras formation). Water was reportedly encountered.at a depth of 320 feet and the water level as reported by the driller was 208 feet below the ground surface on December 26, 1934. The driller reported a yield of "lots of water" after several hours "hard bailing", with a
Unpublished records subject to revision 288
10-foot drawdown. The well is used to supply stock water. The Miller well might be worthy of testing for the Schoolie Flat supply if other closer supplies cannot be located.
Ground Water Available for Wells on Schoolie Flat
The rock formations that may, In certain places, yield the required minimum of 10 gallons of water per minute are practically restricted to the Clarno formation, the Madras and Cascan formations of Hodge, and the Recent alluvium.
The Clarno formation included a variety of volcanic rocks which are mostly tight and essentially devoid of water, but it does have some closely jointed zones which afford small yields to wells. The location and depth of those water-yielding zones are not predictable. The streams that eroded the Clarno formation should have deposited fans of mixed detritus on the flatter lands that now underlie Schoolie Flat. Such a fan may lie buried beneath the lava of Hodge's Cascan formation west of the small creek valley that flows west onto Schoolie Flat in sec. 3, T. 8 S., R. 12 B.
The Madras formation of Hodge has grit and gravel beds capable of yielding small or moderate supplies of water to wells. Where these beds lie far enough from the canyons, even where they are above the main water table, they may contain enough perched ground water to supply the needed water to wells. Also, where these beds extend down below the water table (as they may near Beaver Creek, seep.5) they may yield water in the required quantities.
The lavas of Hodge's Cascan formation have permeable layers, and, in places where they are underlain by clayey layers of the Madras formation, they may contain small amounts of perched water.
In only a few places is the alluvium low enough, sufficiently extensive, and permeable enough to supply water to wells. One of these places is the gravelly bar at the confluence of Coyote and Beaver Creeks in sec. 14, T. 7 S., R. 11 E.
QUALITY OF THE GROUND WATER
No detrimental chemical condition Is known tobe present in the ground waters of the Schoolie Flat area. Two comprehensive analyses of the water of the Suppah well showed the water to be soft, to be slightly on the alkaline side of the pH scale, and to contain a relatively small amount of dissolved chemical material (Brown, 1955). Although the other well waters were not analyzed, their taste, odor, and general appearance all suggest water of good quality.
CONG LUS IONS
The geologic and water-well data suggest that the most promising sources of ground water for a minimum supply of 10 gallons per minute
Unpublished records subject to revision 289
in the Schoolie Flat area are:
1. Shallow wells which would test the water-bearing characteristics of the alluvium at the confluence of Beaver and Coyote Creeks in sec. 14, T. 7 S., R. 11 E.
2. Test wells which would explore for perched water supplies within300to 400 feet of the surface in the Cascan and Madras formations of Hodge and in buried post-John Day alluvial fans in about the following locations:
In the NE cor. sec. 4, T. 8S., Ft. 12 B., primarily to test for water in the Madras formation and pre- lava alluvial fans of that depositional epoch.
In a linear area extending through the northwest and southeast corners of sec.30, 1. 7S., R.12 E.
3. Controlled pumping tests which would evaluate the Simnasho well and (possibly) the Miller well as to their suitability as primary or supplemental sources of water for a distribution system.
4. A deep well which would test the Madras formation below the regional water level near the NW cor. sec.30, 1. 7 S.,FL 12 B.
Unpublished records subject to revision 290
APPENDIX IX - El
PRELIMINARY REPORT POSSIBLE DOMESJIC WATER SUPPLY SCHOOLIE FLATS, WARM SPRINGS, OREGON,, AUGUST 1. 1959.
By Paul Henderson, Area General Engineer, USBIA, Portland (21)
This report covers the possible construction of a domestic water supply for the Schoolie Flat area on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. (Map at Appendix IX- F.2.)
It is emphasized that the data contained herein, is of an extremely reconnaissance or very preliminary nature. No field work, whatsoever, was done In the preparation of the report. The only purpose of this report is to determine whether or not field investigation work should be done at the source of the water supply.
The United States Geological Survey has investigated the Schoolie Flat area and stated that it would not be economically feasible to attempt to obtain a domestic water supply for this area from deep wells located within the limits of Schoolie Flat. Therefore, the only source of water is either the Warm Springs River or the area at or near the junction of Beaver Creek with Coyote and Quartz Creeks. The Warm Springs River source was eliminated because of the higher pumping head.
The Schoolle Flat area Is roughly 8 miles long and 2-1/2 miles wide, containing some of the best lands within the Warm Springs reservation and would provide homesites for many of the Indian families on the reservation. No attempt Is made because of the high pumping lift, to provide irrigation water for this area. The only purpose of this project would be to supply water for domestic use, farm animals and homesites to include gardens.
A similar area called "The Island" is located to the west across the Beaver Creek ravine and does provide an additional area for homesites.
In setting up the water supply demand for this project, it was assumed that sufficient water should be provided for 150 families or 600 people, which may be located at sometime in the future, within this entire area. The per capita daily demand was taken at 400 gallons which would mean a total of 240,000 gallons per day with a maximum rate of 1/2 c.f.s.
Because of the comparatively large number of people depending on this supply, It is proposed to provide stand-by equipment In all cases.
The main features of the project are listed as follows:
(1) The source of supply would be two shallow dug wells lined with perforated Concrete pipe and located near the junction of the Creeks. 291
These wells would probably be (depending upon underground exploration), approximately 50 feet deep.
Each well would be filled with automatically controlled multi-stage, deep-well turbine pumps, having a 3-phase, 60 cycle, 440 volt vertical motor having a rating of 60 h.p.
Owing to the fact that the water supply will be derived from shallow wells subject to contamination, it is proposed to install a chlorinator, activated by the flow from the pumps.
The pumps in both wells will be attached to a manifold, the discharge from each pump being fitted with gate valves and check valves so each well can be operated independently of the other well, thereby providing complete stand-by equipment. An outlet will be provided for future construction to "The Island" if and when such construction is required.
(s) Pipeline "A". - A pipeline, 6 inches in diameter, will convey the water from the source of supply to a reservoir constructed at the northwestern point of Schoolie Flat. This line would have a maximum head of 570 feet, therefore, the lower end of this line would have to be of heavy steel pipe construction. There would be 2500 feet of this pipe. The remaining pipeline would be of "Transite Pipe" construction. There will be a total of 2-3/10 miles of pipeline.
Main Reservoir - Pipeline "A" would discharge into the Main reservoir located at the northwest corner of the Flat and will be of concrete construction, the structure contemplated will be a cylindrical tank having a radius of 20 feet and a height of 21 feet. In order to avoid evaporation, the tank would be covered with a conical roof built up of metal trusses covered with aluminum roofing.
Pipeline "B" - This would be a 4-inch pipe taking out from the bottom of the reservoir to supply the homes in the Quartz Valley and in the Slinnasho Creek area. The pipe would break down into 2 branches at Quartz Creek, one 3-inch line going to Sininasho area and the other 3-inch line following down Quartz Creek Valley. There would be 1-6/10 mile of 4-inch "Transite Pipe" required and 2-4/10 mile of 3-inch "Transite Pipe".
Schoolie Flat Pumping Station - Here again, stand-by equip- ment would be provided. Two horizontal pumps would be installed, each having a capacity of 3/10 c.f.s. Each pump would be driven by a 20 h.p. motor. The discharges from the pumps would be into a manifold with each discharge line fitted with a gate valve and check valve to provide for independent operation.
Pipeline "C" - Pipeline "C", a 4-inch "Transite Pipe" would take off from the pumping station, following down the east side of Schoolie Flat to convey water into the Schoolie Flat reservoir. This would require 4-8/10 miles of pipe. 292
(10) PipelIne "D" - Pipeline "D" would be a 4-inch "Transite Pipe" and would take off from the pumping station, follow down the west side of Schoolie Flat, around the south end of the Flat and connect with Pipeline "C" near the Schoolie Flat reservoir. This would require 13-1/2 miles of pipeline.
(ii) Schoolie Flat Reservoir - This construction would be entirely similar to the Main reservoir except it would only have a depth of 16 feet in place of the 21 foot depth for the Main reservoir.
Electrical System - The electric supply for the pumping plants would be derived from the power available to the Tribe, resulting from the construction of Pelton Dam. The REA has a 7500 volt supply line built into the Simnasho area. Wheeling arrangements would have to be made for the delivery of the Indian Tribe power from the point of generation to the "point of use". In connection with the project, it would be necessary to install a transmission line from the Simnasho area to the pumping stations at the wells and then to the pumping station at the Main reservoir. An electric control line would have to be constructed from the Main reservoir to the Schoolie Flat reservoir for the float control system.This would require some 4 miles of power transmission line and 5 miles of control line between the two reservoirs.
Distribution System - The connections between the individual homes and the pipelines would be installed by the individual user under the supervision and direction of Agency officials.
ESTIMATE OF COST
Water Supply
Wells, pumps, motors, controls, chlorinator, pumphouse, valves and piping $ 22,000 Pipe Line "A" 40,000 Main Reservoir 27,000 Pipe Line "B" 45,000 Schoolie Flat Pumping Station 10,000 Pipe Line "C" 52,000 Pipe Line "D" 150,000 Schoolie Flat Reservoir 25,000 Electrical Transmission & Control lines 300O0 Sub Total $401,000 Engineering, Supervision and Control 49.000
Total $450,000 293
PRELIMINARY REPORT POSSIBLE DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY SCHOOLIE FLATS, WARM SPRINGS, OREGON
PREFACE
This report Is prepared as a result of the memorandum of June 26, 1959 to the Area Director by the Area General Engineer. A copy of this memorandum is attached.
One of the recommendations in the memorandum was that an estimate of cost be prepared covering this domestic water supply system prior to the time that any test drilling for a water supply is made.
The purpose of the estimate of cost is to determine whether or not the project is engineeringly feasible and economically sound. The estimate of cost contained herein is based upon the topographical map prepared by the Bureau of Indian Affairs in 1929 on a scale of 1 inch to the mile and a contour interval of 100 feet. No field investigation whatsoever, was undertaken for the preparation of this report, therefore, the estimate of cost, as appearing herein, is not accurate enough to be used as a justification for the project but was merely prepared for the sole purpose of determining whether or not test drilling for the water supply could be justified. As pointed out in the above referred to memorandum, the cost of each test well would probably be between $1,000 and $1,500.
Should this report show that the project is engineeringly feasible and economically justified and the test well disclose conditions conclusive to the production of the amount of water required, then actual field surveys should be made upon which accurate estimates of cost may be prepared. This final estimate of cost would then form the basis for the justification of the project.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The Indians on the Warm Springs Reservation have, for years, requested that a domestic water supply be provided on the Schoolie Flats area located in the north central part of the reservation near the town of Simnasho.
The area is roughly 8 miles long and 2 miles wide, containing some of the best land within the entire Indian reservation. The average elevation of this flat is approximately 2,800 feet. The Warm Springs River has cut a very deep canyon arount the south end of the flat, the bottom of the canyon being at approximately elevation 1,800 feet. The western boundary of the Flat is formed by a canyon eroded by Beaver Creek. The highest elevation of this Creek is at elevation 2250 at a point on the northwest section of the Schoolie Flat at a junction with Coyote and Quartz Creeks. The town of Simnasho is located one half mile north of the northern boundary of Schoolie Flat on Quartz Creek. The elevation of the Flat above the river precludes any possibility of providing irrigation water under the present economy. Therefore, the only possibility is to supply this area with domestic water to provide homesites and permit the dry farming of the area.
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY REPORT
As a result of the request by the Indians, a report was prepared in May 1956 by Mr. R. 8. Newcomb and Mr. G. M. Hogenson of the United States Geological Survey entitled "Availability of Ground Water in the Schoolie Flat Area.A copy of this report is attached for reference.
The U. S. Geological Survey made several conclusions and recommenda- tions in connection with their report, however, on a review of the report in June of 1959, they stated, unequivocally, that any attempt to supply domestic water from either the underground or surface supply within the Schoolle Flat area, based upon the present demand, would be fruitless. They concluded that the only source of supply, based upon present demand, should come from the area at the junction of Beaver Creek, Quartz Creek and Coyote Creek, located at the northwest corner of the Flat. As pointed out previously, in using this source of water supply, the pumping lift would be extremely high, having a static lift of approxi- mately 550 feet.
Beaver Creek flows the year round so there can be no question of the availability of water, however, the USGS feel that a gravel bed could be located in this area into which wells could be driven or dug which would provide clear water, eliminating the necessity of an infiltration plant. They recomend that explorations be started in an attempt to locate a gravel strata or an extensive gravel bed.
POSSIBLEDOMESTIC SUPPLYOFWATER ON "THE ISLAND"
The Indians have also requested that domestic water be supplied on "The Island".. This is an area lying immediately across the Beaver Creek canyon, being approximately 7 to 8 miles long and approximately one mile widee The lands in this area are not as good as the lands on Schoolie Flat, being comparatively shallow soils overlaying rock formations. There is, however, a considerable area located at the lower end of "The Island" which is well suited for homesites.
With a water supply at the point described above, it would be very simple to provide domestic water on "The Island" with a pipe line about 2,000 feet long. The pumping head would be about 400 feet static lift.
ELECTRIC SUPPLY
During the last few years, theREAhas extended their lines to cover practically the entire Schoolie Flat area with the result that Indian homes have been built throughout this area wherever a trickle of water could be located to provide domestic water. Some of the Indian families are hauling all of their water for home consumption. Athree phase 7400 295
volt line has been built in the Sirnnasho area.This would supply the power for the pumps. 1/
WATER DEMAND
With the combination of good soils, electric power and with a good firm domestic supply, it is felt that the Schoolie Flat area would be very rapidly developed for homesites. If the domestic water supply was extended to the town of Simnasho and the Quartz Creek Valley, homesites would also be developed in this area.
There are approximately 11,000 acres of land on the Schoolie Flat and it is felt that this would eventually provide hornesites for 100 families. With the additional areas for homesites located along the Quartz Creek Valley and in the vicinity of the town of Simnasho and the possible development of "The Island", it was assumed that in setting up a domestic water supply, sufficient capacity should be provided for 150 families. On the basis of an average of:4 people to a family, this would mean that there would be a population of 600 people for which water would have to be supplied under this system.
It is rather difficult to assess a per capita demand or usage for a development of this kind.Ordinarily, in urban areas, the per capita consumption varies from 100 gallons per capita per day to 150 gallons per capita per day but in some areas reaches as high as 500 gallons per day. Undoubtedly, in a rural district of this kind, each family will have a garden and we know the Indian people would have horses and cattle on their property. It is assumed that each family having a garden would water the garden from the supply and would have a tap in the barnyard supplying water to a watering trough orond for the stock. Undoubtedly, both of these taps would be turned on in the summer and would be left on almost continuously. On this basis, it is assumed that the per capita demand would be very high and, therefore, a demand of 400 gallons per day per capita was used. On the basis of 600 people with 400 gallons per capita, the daily demand would be 240,000 gallons. The average daily rate of discharge for this demand would amount to 10,000 gallons per hour or 167 gallons per minute or at a rate of approximately 0.37 c.f.s.
It is, of course, realized that this demand is high and certainly exceeds, by considerable, the present demand but the mistake is so often made in designing a domestic water supply that only the present or fore- seeable demand is used.
The installation that would have to be made in connection with this water supply would, for the most part, have a minimum of a 25-year life and the life of all of the structures would probably average 40 to 50 years. There could be no question but that the population on the Warm Springs Reservation will increase at the same rate that the off-reservation population would increase, which means that a great many more homes would have to be provided in the next 25 to 50 years.
1/ Existing REA line is not three phase 7400volt asreported. The primary voltage is designated as V-phase 7200/12470 volt, 3 wire, grounded neutral. - Elmon Yoder 29 G
Schoolie Flat and the surrounding area, as previously stated, is one of the most desirable locations for homesites and, therefore, the large demand was used. This demand might, perhaps, be cut but the cost of the installation would not be cut proportionately.
DESIGN OF WATER SUPPLY STRICTURE
In providing water for a domestic supply, a peak is usually reached during the late afternoon which decreases to a minimum between midnight and 4:00 a.m. when the demand starts to increase. It must be realized that the 0.37 c,f.s. rate is based entirely upon averages and, therefore, it is proposed to provide for a maximum rate of 1/2 c.f.s. or approximately 225 gallons per minute.
This being a domestic water supply with a comparatively large population depending upon it, stand-by equipment should be available. It is, therefore, proposed to install 2 wells in the area at the junction of the Beaver, Coyote and Quartz Creeks. The pumps at these two installations would, of course, be hooked to the same pipeline with the flows controlled by gate valves and check valves so as to provide complete and separate operation for each installation. The pumps would be motor driven vertical pumps using three phase 220 or 440 volt power.
It must be realized that in pumping from a shallow well that such water is subject to serious polution and anyone of the many water borne diseases could be quickly transmitted to each of the families depending upon that water supply. Therefore, a chlorination plant would be in- stalled in the main line operated by the amount of water flowing in the main pipeline. This is a very simple operation and practically fool-proof. The only maintenance required would be the removal of empty chlorine tanks and the attaching of the full tanks to the apparatus.
WELLS AND PUMPS
The wells would be approximately 50 feet deep and probably would be a dug well having a perforated concrete casing approximately 36 inches in diameter. It is hoped that a gravel strata approximately 30 to 50 feet thick would be encountered in the area. This would permit the lower 20 to 30 feet of the casing in this water bearing strata to be perforated to allow the water to be drawn from that depth. This would provide clear water to be pumped into the distribution system. The muddy water flow in the surface streams would flow past the wells and not be drawn into the system.
If a sufficient gravel strata is not encountered, then the surface water would have to be used and an infiltration system provided.
The pumps would be motor driven, deep well, multi-stage turbine pumps. They would operate under a total head of 570 feet. The motors would be 3 phase, 60 cycle, 220 or 440 volt motors having a rated horsepower of 60.
The motors would be set in a concrete pad at the top of the well casing and covered with a small metal house to protect the equipment from vandalism and weather. The metal building would be so arranged 297
that it could be lifted off from the equipment by a crane and permit repairs to be made to the equipment or the well.
MAIN PIPE LINE "A"
The main pipe line "A" from the wells would be carried directly to the east, up over the escarpment on the Schoolie Flat. This would be a 6-inch line, 2.3 miles long with the pressures varying approximately 570 feet at the pump to a flowline pressure at the reservoir or tank to be constructed at an elevation of approximately 2700 feet near the southeast corner of Section 13, Township 7 South, Range 11 East.
The entire pipeline system, as proposed, would be installed of "Transite Pipe" wherever possible.The maximum possible head for the operation of this type of pipe is 450 feet. Therefore, the lower end of the main pipeline "A" would have to be constructed of heavy steel pipe. It would take approximately 2,500 feet of steel pipe near the pump- ing station. The remaining portion of pipeline would be "Transite Pipe." There would be 1,500 feet of pipe under a maximum head of 450 feet, 4,000 feet of pipe under a maximum of 200' head and the remaining 4,000 feet would have a maximum head of 100 feet. All pipelines would have to be buried sufficiently to get the pipe below the frost line to prevent freezing.
MAIN RESERVOIR
This reservoir is located on Schoolie Flat in Section 13, Township 7, South, Range 11 East. The main pipeline will discharge into the reservoir where the water will be aerated to discharge the excess chlorine gas and avoid the objectionable taste. Copper sulfate could also be introduced at this point to kill the algae.
This reservoir should have a capacity of approximately equivalent to a full days water supply.
The controls for the pumps at the wells would be operated from float controls set in this reservoir. These float controls would be so set that the pumps would be stopped when the reservoir was full and could be started at a pre-determined level in the reservoir. In this manner, the pumps would not have to run continuously but would follow the water demand.
The reservoir contemplated in the estimate of cost would be a reinforced concrete cylindrical tank having a radius of 20 feet and a height of 21 feet, In order to avoid evaporation in the reservoir, a conical roof would be constructed above the tank to provide shade for the water. The reservoir would be constructed in an excavation approxi- mately 3-feet deepwith the other 16-feet extended into the air, This would put the bottom of the reservoir below the frost line. The roof would be raised above the edge of the tank approximately one foot to provide a movement of air across the water, This opening would be screened to prevent the entrance of birds into the tank. The capacity 298
of this tank would be 230,000 gallons, however, in setting the float controls, the water surface should not be drawn lower than 10-feet from the bottom so that the so-called live storage of the tank could be &n the neighborhood of 100,000 gallons.
A 6-inch discharge line will be built into the bottom of the tank so that it could be drained for periodic cleaning.
PIPELINE "B"
Pipeline "B" would takeoff from the reservoir itself and be laid to the east and then north to supply water to the town of Simnasho and the homes in the Quartz Valley0 This line would be constructed entirely of "Transite Pipe" and for the first mile and one half would be 4-inch. This would take the water to the north line of Section 12.From this point a 3-Inch line would be continued to the Simnasho area and another 3-inch line would be constructed down Quartz Valley to supply water to this area.
The 4-inch pipeline would require 4,500 feet of pipe having a maximum head of 200 feet, 2,000 feet of 300 foot head pipe and 2,000 feet of 400 foot head pipe.
The 3-inch pipeline to the Simnasho area will require 3,000 feet of pipe having a head of 400 feet and 1,500 feet of pipe having a head of 300 feet0
The 3-inch pipeline down the Quartz Valley will require 8,000 feet of 400 foot head pipe.
SCHOOLIE FLAT PUMPING STATION
A secondary pump lift will have to be installed at the reservoir to raise the water sufficiently to supply the homes in the Schoolie Flat area, These booster pumps (two in number) would be horizontal pumps and would be installed at the main reservoir or tank with the suction lines connected to the tank.
The demand on this station would be sufficient for 100 families or 400 people. This would be equal to 185 gallons per minute or 24 c.f.s. Here again, in order to provide sufficient pump capacity to meet the peak demands, it is proposed to install pumps, each having a capacity of 0.3 c.f.s.
In order to provide suitable operating conditions, a reservoir would be constructed on the high ground in Section 27, Township 7 South, Range 12 East. This reservoir would be placed at approximately elevation 2,900 which would make static lift on the pumps of approximately 200 feet with an operating head of 300 feet.
The pumps would be so arranged with check valves and gate valves that they would operate independently to provide a stand-by unit in the 299
event of failure of one of the pumps,The pumps would be operated by a float control in the reservoir and would have 20 horsepower motors.
Two pipelines would takeout from the pumps, one going down the east side of the area and theother taking down the west side. This would eliminate any dead endsto the system through the circulation of the water. At the same time,this would provide the best coverage of Schoolie Flat.
PIPE LINE "C"
Pipe line "C' would take off from the pumping station to the east to the main road and follow that to the southeast to a point opposite the reservoir. From that point the line would go directly to the east and discharge into the reservoir. The entire line would be made up of 4-inch transite pipe. This line would require 12,000 feet of pipe capable of withstanding 300' head, 9,000 feet of 200' head pipe and 4,000 feet of 150' head pipe.
PIPE LINE "D"
This line would follow down the west side of the Schoolie Flat from the pumping station to the lower end of the area and then circle back to connect with line "C" at the point where that line would turn to the east to the reservoir.
The 'ID" line in following the lower side of the flat will require higher head pipe. There will be 70,000 feet of 325 foot head pipe required for this line.
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Actual deliveries to the various homes throughout the area would be provided by 1-inch galvanized pipe, taking out of the lateral system. It is proposed that these 1-inch home lines would be constructed by the individual water users in accordance with plans prepared by the Agency and under Agency supervision. All pipelines will, of course, have to be laid below the frost line to prevent freezing.
There is quite an area lying to the north and east of the reservoir which would make suitable homesites. At the present time there are, apparently, only two families living in this area.
Approximately one-third of this area can be serviced by gravity from the system as outlined herein. If the entire area is to be served at a future date, a pumping plant and pipeline could be installed from this reservoir to cover the area.
This would require a static lift of another 400 feet to include this area. The present two families live at an elevation of some 300 to 350 feet in elevation above the described reservoir. 300
SC}IOOLIE FIAT RESERVOIR
The Schoolie Flat reservoir would be of the same design as the main reservoir, being a reinforced concrete structure and having a total capacity of 140,000 gallons.This reservoir would have a radius of 20 feet so that the forms from the main reservoir could be used but would only have a depth of 16 feet.
The pumps at the main reservoir would be operated by a remote control system at the Schoolie Flat reservoir. The float switch would start the pumps when the reservoir was pulled down eight feet and cut off when the reserovir was full. This would hold a reserve in the reservoir at all times,
Pipeline 'E" would enter the reservoir at the bottom so that the entire reservoir would be available for use. 301
APPENDIX IX-F.2
MAP OF GROUND AND SURFACE WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
(Refer to Packet at End of Report) 302
APP.2WIX IX-G
Kah-Ne-Ta Spring and Adjacent Hot Springs, Wasco County, Oregon, July 211., 1911.0
By Joseph J1. Upson
Introduction
Kah-Ne-Ta Spring is, one of a group of hot springs inthe southern part of Wasco County, north central Oregon. By road these springs are about80 miles south of The Dalles (via Wapinitia) and 10 miles northof Warm Springs.. They occur along the Warm Springs ±tiver in secs. 19 and 20,T.8S., R. 13E., in the Warm Springs Indian Reservation.
This report gives the results of a two dayreconnaissance of the spring area by the writer in June1911.0,and supplements data given by Stearns, Stearns and Waring. !JThe reconnaissance was facilitated throughcourtesies
*/ Stearns, N. D., Stearns, H. T., and Waring, GA.., Thermalsprings in the United States: U.S. Geol. Survey \ater-Supply Paper679, p.171, 1937. extended by C. E. Lindley and Mr. and Mrs. Casey, local residents,and. by W. Wray Lawrence, county agricultural agent. The springs are about1,550 feet above sea level.With the exception of Kah-Ne-Ta opring whichi8owned by Dr. F. B. Freeland of Bonneville, Oregon, all the spring orificesherein described are on Indian land,
At all the springs the water is clear and tasteless, but has a very faint odor of"sulphur." Its highest temperature, 182°F., is about25°F. lower than the boiling point of water at that altitude; and also is only16°F0 less than that of Breitenbush Hot spring.J All the spring pools have some
*/ Stearns, H.T., Stearns, N. D., and Waring, G.A., op.cit., pp170-178.
scum, presumably of hot-water algae.
Furthermore, in the stream, areas of warmer water recognized by local fishermen suggest that additional springs issue from the river bed under water.
Geologic Setting
Kah-Ne-Ta Spring and the other springs of the group issue from fractures in volcanic rocks, or from stream gravel that forms a thin mantle over these rocks The volcanic rocks are rhyolitic. They include both fragmental and
Not numbered on original. 303
nonfragniental types: dense lava and flow-.breccia,and agglomorate and tuff. In addition, some discontinuous bodies of volcanicglass are not clearly either fragmental ornonfragmental,but crop out with the fragmental rocks,
In the area studied the lava and flow-.breccia occur ascontinuous flows principally along the south side of Warm Springs River, andinthe south- western part of sec.l8. They are solid rocks, completely imperviousexcept for fractures.The fractures are commonly several tons of feet apart,but at springs 1901 are much more closely spaced.Most of the fractures trend No. 15°-20'., a few N.30°E.,and at least one about N. 60°E. The dip of all fractures is nearly vertical.Presumably the fractures extend to con- siderable depth and together impart a slight perviousness to thenonfragmental voicanics.
The fragmental rocks, agglomerate and tuff, with includedbodies of greenish-black glass, crop out mainly along the north side of the riverand in the central part of sec. 18. They were not traced farther north and their extent in that direction is not known. These rocks occur in small bodies in a haphazard sequence; in some places they appear to intrude oneanother. For example one tabular body of breccia appears to have penetrated upwardthrough a mass of greenish-black volcanic glass into an irregular body oftuff. Along the road that crosses the central part of sec. 18 a light-buff colored, cemented body of agglomerate about 200 feet high contains angular blocks and clinker-like masses such as characterize explosive volcanic vents.This body, as well as some masses of glass, contains a number of cavitieswhich are partly interconnecting. some of the cavities are rounded, others angular0 Their average diameter is 2 to3inches, though some of the angular cavities are nearly 1 foot across. In the glass many of the cavities have been wholly or partly filled with crystalline and banded silica. In general, tiny pores in the tuff and open cavities in the agglomerate afford appreciable pervious- ness to water.To what depth these pore-bearing rocks extend is not known.
The nonfragmental volcanics dip to the south and southwest at angles ranging from50to)450,apparently radially from the mass of fragmental rocks. In the southwestern part of sec. 15 and the northwestern part of sec. 19 the dip decreases progressively to the south away from the fragmental rocks. These features, in conjunction with the eruptive nature of the fragmental rocks indicate that the volcanics here described are part of a former volcano.
These volcanic rocks have been mapped by HodgeJand have been corre- *7 lodge, E. T., Geological map of north central Oregon: Univ. of Oregon Publication, supplement to Geological series, vol.1, no.5, 7 pp.,February 1932.
lated by him with the Clarno formation, of lower Oligocene and Upper Eocene age. They are overlain unconforxnably by fine-grained varicolored beds which a mile or so northeast of the springs are several hundred feet thick, and which apparently belong to the John 1)ay formation of lower Miocene and upper and middle Oligocene age. In this reconnaissance only the lower beds near the springs were studied. There they consist of dark-red, massive clay and
* Not numbered on original. 304
silt, minutely fractured by weathering superficially,but more compact and presumably solid below the surface.The upper beds that crop outnortheast of the springs are cream to buss-colored. The out-crops were not visited, but from below, the beds appear to be fine-grained and mayconsist mostly of fine-grained. tuff such as elsewhere principally composesthe John Day formation.*/Thus, the John Day formation appears to be relativelyimpervious
*fCalkins, F. C., A contribution to the petrography ofthe John Day Basin: Univ. Calif. Pub., Bull. Dept. Geol., vo.3,no 5, pp. 111-172, 1902.
Merriam, J. C., and sinclair, W. J., Tertiary faunas of theJohn Day region: Univ. Calif. Pub., Bull. Dept. Geol., vol5,no 11, p.173, to water, and so to afford a fairly tight, though somewhatdiscontinuous, confining layer over the fractured and porous volcanics.
Above the John Day formation outside the area of the springs arelava flows and possibly other sedimentary deposits which were not studied.
The surface separating the rhyolitic volcaziica from the overlyingJohn Day beds is an unconformity of considerable relief. The volcanics form hills that rise several hundred feet above the base of the John Day in this vicinity. In places small bodies of red clay, presumably of John Day age, occur in depressions between hills composed of the volcanics.These relation- ships indicate that the old volcanics had. been considerably eroded before tIre accumulation of the John Day beds. some of the existing hills in the area appear to correspond roughly to the pro-John Day hills. Therefore, the present topography may be partly an exhumed erosion surface which, in the immediate vicinity of the hot springs, was apparently completely buried by the younger rocks.
Origin of the hot water
Although surficial stream gravel holds some of the spring orifices, fractures in the rhyolitic volcanic rocks are undoubtedly the immediate source of the water that issues at the Kah-Ne-.Ta spring and adjacent hot springs. The ultimate source can only be inferred.
The water may be of meteoric origin - that is, derived from rain and melted snow which has percolated far below the land surface, become heated through contact with hot rocks at depth, and then passed upward to emerge at the spring orifices. The rhyolitic volcanics are sufficiently pervious to permit the infiltration of rain. However, in the vicinity of the springs, the outcrop of the volcanics is not extensive, and water may enter the frac- ture system many miles from the area of the springs, presumably at places where the impervious John Day formation is absent.
Below the earth's surface the temperature of rocks increases progressively with depth. In areas of sedimentary rocks, the rate of increase - the so- called thermal gradient - is relatively small. For example, in western
* Not numbered on original. 305
Pnnsylvania, an area of marine sedimentary rocks, a gradient aslow as 1 F. for each 110 feet of depth has beenrecorded.j
Van Orstrand, C. E., Apparatus for the measurement of temperatures in deep wells and temperature determinations in some deep wells inPenn- sylvania and West Virginia; West Virginia Geol. Survey, Barbour and Upshur counties, pp. lxvi-ciii,1918.
In contrast, in areas of former volcanic activity, such as the vicinity of Kah-Ne-Ta Spring, the gradient counuonly is much steeper.For example, Van Oratrand/ observed an average gradient of10 F. for each 140 feet of
/Van Orstrand, C. E., Temperature in some springs and geysers in Yellowstone National Park: Jour. Geology,vol.32,p 221, 19214. depth in a deep well in southeastern Oregon. In one portion of this well the gradient was 1° F. for each 14. feet of depth. Thus, the hottest water from the orifices adjacent to Kah-Ne-Ta Spring,182° F., might have acquired its temperature by percolating to a depth of several hundred or afew thousand feet below the land surface.
On the other hand the hot water of these springs may be wholly or in part of magmatic origin - that is, given off from hot, fluid volcanicmaterial during the process of cooling.Fluid volcanic material was once present in this region, but now, if it exists at. all, must lie at considerabledepth below the land surface. There are no existing data to indicate positively, however, whether or not any of the spring water is of magmatic origin.
In comparison with the other springs of the group, the Kah-Ne-Ta Spring has a distinctly lower temperature, and. considerably greater yield. These features suggest that this spring yields mixed water, hot water from depth mingled with an appreciable quantity of cooler ground water from a shallow source.As the spring is located on a gravel bar adjacent to the Wdrm Springs giver, cool water may reach the orifices by percolation directly from the river. Dilution of the deep water in this way could account for the absence of mineral deposits around the Kah-Ne-Ta Spring pools.
Permanence of temperature and of yield
The rocks of the earth's crust transmit heat exceedingly slowly. There- fore, the temperature source for the deep water should continue to yield heat to the water at an essentially constant rate. Consequently, the temper- ature of the hot water may be expected to remain practically constant at a moderate depth below the land surface. However, depending on the proportion of admixed cooler water, the temperature of the water in the several spring pools may fluctuate somewhat from month to month or from year to year.
Kah-Ne-Ta Spring and the adjacent hot springs are apparently the principal outlets for a system of water-bearing conduits that ramify through an extensive body of rock. In a system of conduits so extensive, fluctuations in the
Not numbered on original0 306
hydrostatic pressure head probably are relatively slight.Appreciable changes in yield or in temperature by natural causes are unlikely, uu1e88 someof the water-bearing conduits should be closed or new conduitsopened (thus altering the circulation) by crustal movements such as give rise to earth- quakes
Man-made works, on the other hand, might materially alter theyield. A drilled well might by chance strike a water-bearing fracture at some depth and there find water both hotter and under greater pressure thanat the natural orifices, 3uch a well might salvage hot water that otherwise would be dissipated in the numerous fractures in the rock. However, it might also reduce the pressure head on the natural orifices and thusdiminish the natural yield. Impounding the hot water by retaining walls around the orifices would impose a back-pressure on the natural conduitsand so cause either diminution of yield or escape of the hot water throughother outlets. Where an orifice occurs in stream gravel, a tightly cased excavationdown to the underlying opening in the volcanic rock might increase bothyield and temperature. The greater yield would result from preventing dissipation of hot water in the gravel; the higher temperature from prohibitingadmixture of shallow water. However, such a construction might also cut off hot water which percolates naturally to the orifice from some relatively distant opening in the bedrock.
Portland, Oregon July 211,1911.0
Josepn E. IJpson Junior Geologist 307
APPENDIX IX-H
LOG OF ROUND BUTTE DRILL HOLE NO. 106.
Location: Hole is located at a ground elevation of 2216.94' above mean sea level. Location is 206.66' southeast (S. 46° 58' 40" E.) from the north quarter corner of Sec. 2l,T. uS., R. 12 E., W.N, Jefferson County, Oregon.
Elevation Depth Classification and Physical Condition 2217 0 Alluvial silt, sand, and gravel. 2207 10 Firm to soft sandstone of varying size. 2158 60 Bard dense olivine basalt. Lost circu- lation at 73', appears to be a flow contact. 2144 73 Basalt appears less dense, showing intercrystalline voids. 2136 81 Reddish zone noted, basalt.Flow contact? 2131 86 Basalt. Lost circulation. Set sawdust plugs. 2116 101 Base of basalt. Glossy basaltic lapilli tuff with fine grained sandstone. Drills easily. 2095 122 Hard fine grained basalt with some inter- crystalline voids. Olivine present but not conspicuous. 2091 126 Lost circulation. Set sawdust plug. 2089 128 Partial circulation loss and notably easier drilling but still basalt. Flow contact. 2083 134 Lost circulation. Set sawdust plug. 2080 137 -do.- 2032 185 Base of dark gray had fine grained basalt. Light gray "sugary" basalt with greenish clay. 1994 223 Brown to gray soft siltstone and sandstones with thin pebble conglomerate intervals. 1945 272 Hard argillaceously cemented small pebble sandstone. 1940 277 Medium soft sediments, predominently sandstone. 1840 377 Conglomerate, drills hard. 1825 392 Brown to gray medium hard sandstone and siltstone. 1787 430 Apparent piezometric elevation determined after completion of hole. 1778 439 Brown firm to hard cemented sandstone. Cementing material primarily argillaceous. 1757 460 Firm to hard conglomerates. Thin brown silty sandstone bed near base. 1695 522 Pelton basalt: A series of olivine basalts exhibiting diabasic texture. They vary from dense to vesicular and contain a high per- centage of intercrystalline voids. Joints and flow contacts are all tight due to the presence of the yellow-white montmorillonite clay. 1660 557 Flow contact, Basalt has a red tint below this point to the 579' depth. 1638 579 Thin blue silica coating in vesicles and coating some of the montmorillonite below this point within this flow unit. 308
1635 582 Green clay present in core to 587. 1631 586 Dense type of basalt without inter- crystalline voids to 591. 1618 599 Flow contact, clay filled and tight. Rock has red tint to 611'. 1604.5 612.5 Greenish dense basalt without inter- crystalline voids to 616.5'.Greenish clay also present. 1604 613 Thin dark green gouge coated fault plane with a 20° dip. 1583 634 Cored 1' thick montmorillonite interval at this point. No water loss. 1575 642 Bottom of hole. INVENTORY OF DAMS AND CHARKOS ON NON-PERENNIAL WATERWAYS. APPENDIX X-A jj 6/12-33DLocation CorralRedName Lake earthTypefill CrestftLength Heightft. Reservoirac.-ft. 3 Sc.Watershed OnRemarks same watershed as 6 l2-33B. 6/12-333 Red Lake masonry 40 21 12 450 wayConstructedwaternow overtopping plugged. at high in Arch 1936levelof dam constructionby throughout crest.CCC. Drainage thewith year. gatespill- Holds 7/11-7/11- 3L 6M OperationsSmallIndian lake,Affairs records. reported map. by AgencyBureau Landof 7/12-171-i7/12-13H ValleyHappy earth 150125 25 385 8 7500 ConstructedhasReported clay core.to by hold CCC. water Rock throughoutfaced. the year. Rubble faced spiliway. Probably 0 7/12-19N Johnson earth 40 600 ConstructedHoldsthestorage year.water for throughoutby Simnasho CCC. Holds irrigationthe wateryear. throughout Usedunit. as 7/l2-22N --- earth SmallStorage dam,reportedly probably less goesthan dryone duringacre-ft. summer. 7/12-32K7/12-29H7/12-2714 TeweeJake earthearth 4 --- Reported to hold water throughout the year. 8/10-ilL8/li-l9F --- Sidwalderlog pond earth earth-timber 200 0.3 Charko.Log the pondReported year. on perennial Probablyto hold waterstream,spring throughout fed.Mill Creek. 8/ll-22ALocation Name FillTypeearth Ft.Crest200Length Ft.18Height Ac.-ft.Reservoir4 Ac.1200Watershed, Remarks ApparentlyLarge, flat, little and runoff.permeable watershed. Dam has washed 8/12-20 earth Uncompleted.seepageinout summer, and losses.has apparently been reconstructed. due to excessive Former CCC project. Dries up 8/12-30F8/12-9G Sumpter earthearth 200 10 4 6000 800 ConstructedtoFlat,the dam year. permeable8/12-30K. by CCC. water shed. Holds water throughout Trickle tube 8/12-30K8/12-30R earthearth 400200 12 8 20 4 1000 900 ReporteddamFlat 8/12-30R. permeable to hold watershed. water throughout the year? Trickle tube to 8/12-31,32 - earth SeveralinLarge sections shallowsmall 31dams reservoir.and and 32. charkos are constructed All are reported to earth 350 25 800 duringisRunoffhold reported 1/2the from ac.-ft.,summer. toa flatfill or andreservoir less, permeable and to to spillway,watershed go dry earth 8 Reportedoutbut summerseepage to holdmonths. losses water prevent throughout storage the through-year. Location Name Type Crest Height Reservoir, Watershed, Remarks 9/12-5,6 Fillearth ft.Length ft. ac.-ft. ac. areconstructedSeveral reported small into dams sectionshold and charkos5 and 6. are 1/2 ac.-ft., or All 10/12-6K earth --- SmallLand9/l2-5L).less, damoperations and or to charko go records.dry reported during summer(exceptby Agency ll/ll-l6F Box Canyon earth 200 30 30 700 DownholdDamtosedimentary constructedbewaterstream constructed throughout face material inshows canyonwithout the isheavy reportedyear.of clay seepagepermeable core. to loss. Reported / From field observation,topographic and records maps. of Land Operations Office, 1960. Site location is by Geological Survey Subdivision method, See Appendix VIII-A. Watershed areas are by planimeter from 312
APPENDIX X-B
PRELIMINARY REPORT
POSSIBLE STOCK WATER SUPPLY TOLIUS BENCH WARM SPRINGS INDIAN RESERVATION, AUGUST 1,1959 By Paul Henderson, Area General Engineer, USBIA Portland (20)
This preliminary report was prepared at the request of the Tribal Council on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation and under the instructions of the Area Director. (Nap at Appendix IX-F.2).
The report is not supported, in any way, by field investigations and the purpose is to determine whether or not additional investigation can be justified to the extent that actual field surveys can be made.
The report and the cost information are based solely upon the map, "Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Oregon," as drawn and compiled by B. H. Coulson in1929. The contour interval on this map is 100 feet. Because of the extreme ronghnesa of the statistical data, the cost estimate must be considered as extremely rough.
GENERAL SThTENT
The Indians of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation, have for years, requested the government to place irrigation water on the Netolius Bench. The only possible supply is the Metolius River, which is roughly 1,000 feet in elevation below the Bench areajJ This difference in elevation pre- cludes any possibility, under existing economic conditions, from pumping irrigation water from the river to the Bench.
The Metolius Flat does provide excellent forage for the grazing of livestock, however, there is no available source of water within the area other than the Metolius River. The Portland Area Office was requested to determine the cost and feasibility of providing stock water to thi8 area.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION -M3?OLIUS BENCH
This area lies above the Metolius River In the southern part of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. The river forms the southern boundary of the reservation In this area and is a tributary of the Deschutes River. Throughout this section the river system has cut an extremely deep canyon with precipitous solid rock side hills.
The Metolius Bench extends for a distance of approximately 10 miles along the river. The northwestern part of this Bench is comparatively nar- row, varying from one to two miles wide. Some few sources of water have been located within this area. The southern or eastern end of the bench is considerably wider, varying from about3to 1. miles in width with this section being5miles in length. It is this section of the Bench that is to be provided with stock water under this investigation. j/ Possibility of irrigation by waters diverted from Whitewater River or Shitike Creek Is discussed in paragraph 11-9.17- Elmon Yoder. 313
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PO&IBLE PROJECT
A study of the contour map indicates that there are two possible locations for pumping sites within this stretch of the river. One site is located on the section line between sections 22 and 23, Township 11 South, Range 11 East. This is approximately5miles above the junction between the Metolius and Denchutes Rivers. The location is on a very precipitous side hill and would be suitable for a single lift pumping station. The static lift on this station would be approximately 1100 feet.
There is a side draw coining down from the Metolius Bench approxi- mately one mile to the west of this location which would permit two lifts to be made, allowing approximately a static lift of550feet for each pumping station.
The Portland General Electric Company has requested the Federal Power Commission to issue a permit to build the Round Butte Dam. This damaite is located on the Deschutes River, approximately a mile and a half down- tream from the outlet of the Metolius River. The backwater from this darn would inundate the two sites by approximately150feet on the single lift and 110 feet on the two-lift site.
This materially increases the cost of the installation for these pumps for the reason that the pumps would have to be submerged on all reservoir elevations. At the same time the motors would have to be located above the high water in the reservoir. Because of the high pumping heads, this establishes the type of pump as a, multiple stage, vertical turbine pump.
Considerable construction difficulty will be encountered in setting these pumps In order to meet the required conditions and at the same time to protect the pumps, motors and control equipment from damage from falling rocks.
These arrangements could be made by locating a vertical cliff which could be notched out from the elevation above the high water from the dam to the elevation of the river. The motors wou1d then be set on a structural steel or concrete platform which would support the punip8.
This type of installation is not unique as it would be merely turbine type of pump which is installed in many walls throughout the country.
Because of the high heads Involved and the danger from falling rock, it is proposed to use steel pipe in the discharge line, which pipe would be anchored to rock with expansion and contraction being taken care of with suitable joints.
Electric power for the pumps would be derived from the construction and later the power plant at the Round Butte Dam. This would require the construction of a transmission line about6miles to the single lift pumps and71/2 miles to the double lift pumping station.
The electrical energy would be provided by the block of power owned by the Tribe, derived through the construction of the Round Butte Dam. 314
WATER DE1ND
The actual amount of water used by the stock would becomparatively small, however, in covering an area as large as the one involved,the evap- oration transpiration. losses would be large unless the water wascarried all parts by pipeline which would considerably increase the cost.
It is proposed to work out the estimate of costs for the delivery of 1/2 c.f.s. and the delivery of 1 c.f.s., anticipating that water would be permitted to run in constructed channels to some extent to avoid the com- plete use of pipelines.
In figuring the detail project, it might be that it would be possible to somewhat reduce the total cost by installing a complete pipe distribution system to watering troughs located in various areas throughout the Bench.
The plan, enclosed herein, contemplates that water would be conveyed in pipes for some distance and be released at various areas to flow down constructed channels providing a much wider coverage.
It is proposed to use duplicate pumps in each case to provide stand- by equipment, The cost of the pump and motor is comparatively small when considered against the cost of the over-all project. The slot for this pump installation, would, of course, have to be constructed priorto the time that the water raises back of the Round Butte Dam.
PLAN I - £INPLE LIFT PUMP
This site is located roughly on the section line between sections 22 and 23, Township 11 gouth, Range 11 East. A slot or shaft would be cut down through a precipitous rock bluff in order to install the vertical, multistage turbine pumps. With this location, the back water from the Round Butte Dm is 150 feet above the river bed and the slot would have to extend from above the backwater of the dam to the bed of the river so that the bowls of the pump would be submerged under all conditions of water in the reservoir.
The motors would be set on either structural steel supports or a concrete pad above this slot. It is proposed to construct a heavy steel cylindrical pumphouse with a conical metal roof around the motors for pro- tection agaifl3t falling rock and vandalism.A stiff leg would be constructed above the pump site for the purpose of making such repairs as necessary on the pumps and motors.
The total head, including pipe friction on this station, would be 1200 feet. For the 1 c.f.s. delivery, a 250 h.p. motor would be required for each pump. For thec.f.s. delivery, a 125 h.p. motor would be required.
The discharge line for the 1 s.f.s. discharge would be a6inch steel line and for the c.f.s. discharge, a k Inch line would be required.
At the present time there is a road down over the edge of the bluff 315
near this site so that only a short distance of accessroad would have to be constructed, however, there would be work required on theexisting road to make this road. passable to k-wheel drive vehicles.
As previously stated,6miles of transmission line together with nec- essary transformers would have to be constructed nearthe site Of Round Butte Dam to carry the required electrical load, It is anticipated that this construction would be tied. in with construction of theRound Butte Dam in order to save the cost of the long, expensive transmissionline. Field investigation migbt'disclose a source of power(transmission line), iinmed- iately to the south of the site which would permit thisconstruction to go ahead of the construction of the Round Butte Dam.
From the top of the hill it will be necessary to convey thewater for a distance of approximately 2 miles across the MetoliusBench1
ESTIMATE OF COST
As previously stated, these estimates of cost are not based upon any field investigation whatsoever. The only basic data available, being the contour map and the prices of the pipe and pumping equipment, asobtained from the manufacturers.
.0 Item 1 c.f.s. 2Coj..S.
Water Supply $ 38,000 $ 38,000 Pumps, Motors & Controls (2) 35,000 20,000 Discharge Line(6inch) 9,000 (14. inch) 7,000 Distribution Line 5,000 ft.14. in. Transite 12,000 5,000 ft.ii. in. 10,000 ft. 3 in. 35,000 Transmission Line and Transformers 36,000 36,000
Sub Total $130,000 $136,000 Engineering, Supervision and Contingencies 15,000 11i, 000
Total $l14-5,000 $150,000
It will be noted from the above rough estimate o± cost that there is little variation in the cost of the two systems. If this site should be selected for further investigation, a detail plan would have to be worked out in each case to determine which would be the cheapest or more economical type of construction.
PLAN II - DOUBLE PUMP LIFT
The site of this installation is located l mile to the, west of the single pump lift site. At this location there is a side draw entering the river from the north. This would permit the easy installation of two lifts to raise the water from the river to the Meto3.ius Bench.The second 316
lift would be at the bottom of the draw, the suction for which would be in an equalizating reservoir, constructed by placing a dam across the draw. This would permit the collection of any run-off water which might flow down the draw and eliminate the necessity of' pumping this water from the river.
As previously pointed out, the discharge from the pumping lift at this location would be approximately one mile further to the north and west which would cover an appreciably larger area on the Metolius Bench.
The first or primary pumping lift at the river would be constructed exactly the same as that for the single lift, except that there would be an appreciably less pumping head on the pumping lift station with only 110 feet of backwater from the dam. The second pumping lift would have horizon.- tal pumps and would be of very simple construction.The same transmission lineand transformers would provide power for both the primary and secondary pumping lifts.
The following tabulation shows the estimated cost for this plan. It must be remembered that these costs are very rough estimates and are not supported by any field investigation whatsoever.
Item 1 c.f.s. c.f.s.
Water Supply $ 9,000 $ 14.9,000 Pumps, Motors & Controls (2) 2 pumping units at each station 14.2,000 23,000 Discharge Pipe Line 35,000 29,000 Distribution Line 12,000 35,000 Transmission Line & Transformers 000
Sub Total $178,000 $176,000
Engineering, Supervision and contingencies 22,000 21s.,000
Total $200,000 $200,000
It will be noted from the above that the costs of installing the greater discharge capacity (1 c.f.s.)is the same as for the- c.f.s. dis- charge. Here again, as in the case of the single lift, it will be necessary to make actual field surveys to obtain accurate estimates of cost in order to determine which would be the cheapest and most economical to construct.
The primary pumping station would require a175h.p. water for each of the pumps for the 1 c.f.s. discharge and 100 h0p. motor for the - c.f'.s. discharge. On the secondary lift for the 1 c.f.s. the two pumps would have to be fitted with 100 h.p. motors each. For the -c.f.s. only a 50 h.p. motor would be required.The above motor sizes are the standard motor size.
It is anticipated using steel pipe for the discharge line from the pumps in each case. The discharge from the 1 c.f.s. pumps would be six inch pipe and four inch would be used for the discharge for the smaller pump. 317
It is also anticipated thattransite pipe would be used on the dis- tribution lines on the Bench. Steel pipe is used on the discharge line because of the necessity of anchoring and protection from breakage.
PRELIMINPRY REPORT
POSSIBLE STOCK WATER SUPPLY 1TOLIUS BENCH WARM SPRINGS INDIAN RESERVATION
SUMMARY
At the request of the Tribal Council, a very preliminary report has been prepared to determine the estimated cost of putting stock water on the Metolius Bench, located above the Metolius River in southeastern part of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation.
There are two possible types of installations which can be made. One Is a single lift which would operate under approximately 1200 head, the other a two lift project, where two pumping stations would lift the water under lower head operations.
The two lift installation, being further upstream, would cover consid- erably more grazing area within the limits of the Metolius Bench, than would be covered by the single lift operation.
In preparing the estimate of costs, two different demands were used0 The c.f.s. delivery would require a more extensive pipe distribution system on the Bench to eliminate evaporation and transporation losses of the water and 1 c.f.s. which would permit a reduction in the amount of pipe required in the distribution system on the Bench.
In both cases, It was found that the first cost would be practically the same for either amount. On the basis of' the estimates of cost, which are extremely rough, not being based on any field investigation whatsoever, the two lift installation would run approximately $50,000 more than the single lift plan would run. However, the fact that under the double lift plan there would be considerably more of the Bench covered with water. A complete and detailed estimate of cost, based upon field surveys might indicate that the double lift plan would be the most economical plan to follow.
The preliminary estimate of cost is as follows:
Single Lift Plan $150,000 Two Lift Plan 200,000 318
APPENDIXX1-A
EXISTING AND FORMER IRRIGATION UNITS
(Refer to Packet at End of Report) 319
APPENDIX XI-B
MAP OF POTENTIAL IRRIGATION UNITS
(Refer to Packet at End of Report) 320
APPENDIX XI-C
DISTRIBUTION OF ANMES TO SELECTED JESTIONSEGAkii)ING IRRIGATION FROJ4 AGRICULTUiAL ECONOMICS QUESTIONNAIR (June1960)
Question 55e0 How many times do you irrigate during the season?
Number of times Number of persons answering 1-3 10 5 over6 3
Question 55f. Is this enough times to suit you?
Answer Number of persons answerin Yes 15 No 10
Question 55g. Is the irrigation water there when you want it?
Answer Number of ersons answerjn Yes come timeS 13 Never 9
Question 55h. Does the water run out of the ditch as fast as you want it?
Answer Number of persons answering Yes 3 Sometimes 16 Never 6
Question 55i. Is there enough water for you to irrigate all the land you would like?
Answer Number of persons answering Yes 15 No 16
Question 55j. Why isn't there enough?
Answer Number of persons answering Poor ditches 7 Somebody uses water first 3 Other 6
Question55m. How much difficulty do you have irrigating your land?
Answer Number of Agreat deal 8 '-uite a bit 6 ome 5 None 10 321
question55n. What causes your difficulty in irrigation?
Answer Number of persons answerin Land leveling 6 Don't understand irrigation 2 Not enough water 5 Other factors 7
uestion o. Do the places where water conies into your field suit you?
Answer Number of persons answering Yes 15 No 8
uestion56. Has any of your land been leveled for you?
Answer Number of persons answering Yes 19 No
Question56a,56c. Did leveling cause any problems, if so what?
Answer Number of persons answering Bare spots, low spots, high spots 9 Now no top soil 1. Costs too high 2 Other factors APPENDIX XI-D.1 Geoqraphic area MAPPED SOIL CAPABILITY ACREAGES BY GEOGRAPHIC AREAS. WARM SPRINGS INDIAN RESERVATION. 1/ II Soil classification acreaoe III IV VI 2/ VII ponds acreageTotal mapped 1. Schoolie Flat 20.5 4,137.6 905.3 276.4 327.0 6,077.7 etc.Cemet. 41.5 11,786.0 3.2. MillerThe Island Flat -- 484.9614.5 -- 37.5 -- 9.8 2,265,51,944.3 2,760.22,596.3 5.4. DrySidwalder Creek Flat 4.2 1,564,9 117.5 500.4711.4 431.1470.7 744.3190.8 6,305.51,422.2 31.3 2,873.09,621.3 7.6. MetoliusLowerTenino Shitike CreekBench and Creek 94.8 5.7 795.3165.1 671,6633.9 443,2629.1 213.8 85.2 7,463.8 721.4 183.2 -- 2,364.59,741.6 9.8. LowerUpper WarmShitike Spring Creek River 11.4 70.395.7 509.0199.6 301.3 29.7 197.0 26.6 1,404.7 267.0 2,482.3 630.0 11.10. DeschutesSimnasho-Mutton River Mtns. 16.7 417.7 80.7 808.0152.7 1,001.3 52.4 1,158.3 469.4 2,655.5 348.1 -- 2,6 6,040.81,122.6 13,12. SeekseequaDry Hollow Creek 0.8 447.8 68.1 592.1106.5 121.3 5.0 1,323.3 219.8 -- 2,364.0 520.7 14. Total Mapped Tenino Bench 154.1 9,060.1 6,060.7 232.7 3,767.2 10.7 3,427.2 32,576.2 157.4 258.6 55,304.1 400.8 jj2/ Compiled3J For location from Soil of Surveymapped Maps,geographic 1959-1960,AcreagesFor prepareddescription were determined by Bureauof soil byof classification planimeter.Indian Affairs. units, see Appendix areas see Appendix XI-A. XI-D.2. 323
APPENDIX XI-D.2
DEFINITION OFLANDCLASSIFICATIONS.jj
Class Definition.
I Very good land with little or no limitation in use. It is nearly level, deep and without appreciable erosion. Some of It may need conditioning treatment, such asclearing, leveling, or minor drainage improvement.
II Good land with minor physical limitations, such as gentle slopes or slight erosion. Choice in use is reduced or special practices are needed, such as careful water management,contour operations, cover cropping, or longer rotations.
III Moderately good land with major physical limitations,such as relatively steep slopes, shallow soils or severe erosion. Choice in use is further reduced and more protective measures are required, such as terracing, stripcropping, and very care- ful water management.
IV Fairly good land that is best suited to pasture and hay but may be used occasionally for a cultivated crop. Has major limitations such as very sandy soils or unfavorable climatic conditions. When plowed, erosion prevention measures must be used carefully.
V Land that is very good for range or woodland use. For such purposes, it has slight or no physical limitationsand requires only ordinary good management.
VI Land that is good for range or woodland use. It has minor physical limitations such as moderately steep slopes, shallow or draughty soils. Needs careful management to protect the land and maintain or improve the vegetative cover.
VII Land that is fairly good for range or woodland use. It has major physical limitations, such as steep slopes, or highly erodible, very shallow, or droughty soils,Class VII land requires extreme care in management to protect the land and maintain a satisfactory vegetative cover.
/From Powers, W. L., Hill, W. W,, and Sandoz, M. F., Land Capabilities and Conservation Farming Deschutes Area, Central Oregon. Agricul- tural Experiment Station, Oregon State College, Corvallis, Special Bulletin, November, 1947. 324
APPENDtX XII-A
MAP SHOWING LANDS WITHDRAWN BY FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. ACT OF JUNE 25, 1910
Refer to Packet at End of Report) 325
APPENDIX XU.-B
TABULAR SUMMARY OF LANDS WITHHELD IN POWER SITE RESERVE. TABULATED BY LOCATION FROM APPENDIX Xll-C.
Subdivis ion Number and Type of Action Date T. 7S., R1, 9E. Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 - do - Federal Power Commission Oct. 14, 1925* Project N. 57 T. 8 S.' R. 9 E. Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 -do- Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 T. 9S., R. 9E. PowerSiteReserveNo, 294 Oct. 8, 1912 -do- Power Site Interpretation No. 17 Apr. 14, 1922 Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 T. lOS., R. 9 E. Temporary Power Site Reserve No. 66 Dec. 30, 1909 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 66 July 2, 1910 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 T.1 iS., R. 9 E. Temporary Power Site Reserve No. 66 Dec. 30, 1909 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 66 July 2, 1910 -do- Indian Lands Power Site No. 2 Nov. 1,1910 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 -do- Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 T. 7 S., it IOE. Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 -do- Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 -do- Federal Power Commission Oct. 14, 1925 Project No. 57 T. 8 S.' R. bE. Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 -do- 'Power Site Interpretation No. 17 April 29, 1922 -do- Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 T. 9S., R. jOE. PowerSiteReserveNo, 294 Oct, 8, 1912 -do- Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 T. lOS., R. 1OE. Temporary Power Site Reserve No. 66 Dec. 30, 1909 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 66 July 2, 1910 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 2 Nov. 1, 1910 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 -do- Power Site Modification No. 26 Oct. 8, 1912 -do- Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 32&
Subdivision Number and Type of Action Date T. uS., R. bE. Temporary Power Site Reserve No. 66 Dec. 30, 1909 - do - Power Site Reserve No. 66 July 2, 1910 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 2 Nov. 1, 1910 - do - Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 T. 75., R. 11E. Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 -do- Federal Power Commission Oct. 14, 1925 Project No. 57 T. 8 S.,, R. liE. Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 -do- Federal Power Commission Project No. 57 Oct. 14, 1925 T. 9 S., R. liE, Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 -do-. Federal Power Commission Project No. 57 Oct. 14, 1925
T. uS., R.liE. Temporary Power Site Reserve No.66 Dec. 30, 1909 - do - Power Site Reserve No. 66 July 2, 1910 - do - Power Site Reserve No. 2 Nov. 1, 1910 - do - Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 -do- Federal Power Commission ProjectNo. 57 Oct. 14, 1925 T. 7 S., R. 12E. Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 T. 8 S., R. 1ZE. Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 T. 9S., R. 1ZE. Temporary Power Site Reserve No. 66 Dec. 30, 1909 - do - Power Site Reserve No. 66 July 2, 1910 - do - Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 - do - Federal Power Commission Project No.57 Oct. 14, 1925 - do - Federal Power Commission Project Feb. 9, 1927 No. 57 (Revision in Sec. 6) (letter) - do - Federal Power Commission Project April 9, 1951 No. 2030
T. lOS., R.1ZE. Temporary Power Site Reserve No. 66 Dec. 30, 1909 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 66 July 2, 1910 - do-. Power Site Reserve No. 2 Nov. 1,1910 - do - Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 - do - Federal Power Commission Project No.57 Oct. 14, 1925 -do- Federal Power Commission Project April 9, 1951 No. 2030 - do - Federal Power Commission Project June 28, 1957 No. 2030 (Revision) 327
Subdivision Number and Type of Action Date T. uS., R. 12E. Temporary Power Site Reserve No. 66 Dec. 30, 1909 - do - Power Site Reserve No. 66 July 2, 1910 - do - Power Site Reserve No. 2 Nov. 1, 1910 - do - Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 - do - Federal Power Commission Project No.57 Oct. 14, 1925 - do - Federal Power Commission Project June 28, 1957 No. 2030 (Revision) T. 8 S., R. 13E. Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 -do- Determination ApplIcation No. 443 March 15, 1956* T. 9S., R. 13E. Temporary Power Site Reserve No. 66 Dec. 30, 1909 - do - Power Site Reserve No. 66 JuLy 2, 1910 - do - Power Site Reserve No. 2 Nov. 1, 1910 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 -do- Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 - do - Federal Power Commission Project No.57 Oct. 14, 1925 T. lOS., R. 13E. -do- Power Site Reserve No. 2 Nov. 1, 1910 - do - Power Site Interpretation No, 30 Sept. 2, 1922 T. 6S., R. 14E. Temporary Power Site Reserve No. 66 Dec. 30, 1909 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 66 JuLy 2, 1910 - do - Power Site Reserve No. 2 Nov. 1, 1910 - do - Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 -do- Federal Power Commission Project No.57 Oct. 14, 1925 T. 7S., 14E. Temporary Power Site Reserve No. 66 Dec. 30, 1909 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 66 July 2, 1910 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 2 Nov. 1,1910 - do - Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 - do - Federal Power Commission Project No.57 Oct. 14, 1925 T. 8S., R. 14E. Temporary Power Site Reserve No. 66 Dec. 30, 1909 - do - Power Site Reserve No. 66 July 2, 1910 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 2 Nov. 1, 1910 - do - Power Site Reserve No. 294 Oct. 8, 1912 - do - Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 -do- Federal Power Commission Project No.57 Oct. 14, 1925 328
Subdivision Number and Type of Action Date T. 95., R. 14E. TernporaryPowerStteReserveNo. 66 Dec. 30, 1909 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 66 July 2, 1910 -do- Power Site Reserve No. 2 Nov. 1, 1910 -do- Power Site Interpretation No. 30 Sept. 2, 1922 -do- Federal Power Commission Project No. 57 Oct. 14, 1925
* Note: Application filed by Bureau of Land Management declared no injury February 23, 1956.Partial restoration by Federal Register Document 56-22 14 March 15, 1956. 329
APPENDIX XII-C.l
WARM SPRINGS INDIAN RESERVATION LANDS POWER SITE RESERVE 1/
The Honorable, The Secretary of Interior. Sir: The Reclamation Service reports that the withdrawal made October 24, 1908, under the first form, Reclamation Act, covering the Deschutes and Metolius Rivers, was for power purposes. In accordance with your instructions I have the honor to recommend that the existing first form withdrawal covering the lands described below be changed to a Temporary Power Site Withdrawal In the following form, and that any lands in the following list not affected by the first form with- drawal be also included in the power withdrawal,This recommendation involves 14, 130 acres, 1,198 acres being entered: TEMPORARY POWER SITE WITHDRAWAL NO. 66. Deschutes and Metolius Rivers, Oregon. In aid of proposed legislation affecting the disposal of water power sites on the public domain, all public lands in the following list are tem- porarily withdrawn from all forms of entry, selections disposal, settle- ment, or location, and all existing claims, filings, and entries are temporarily suspended.All valid entries heretofore made may proceed up to and including the submission of final proof, but no purchase money wilt be received or final certificate of entry issued until further orders.
1/ Appendix XII-C is herein copied in full text from open file of U. S. Geological Survey Office, Portland, Oregon, and appears in bibliography as:U. S. Department of Interior, Oregon Water Power Withdrawals. U. S. Geological Survey, vol.1 and 2 (UnpubLished, open file). Witlamette Meridian T. 4S.,R. 14E., Sec. 3, NW 1/4 of NE 1/4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 8, SE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 9, S 1/2 of N 1/2, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4, S 1/2 oISE 1/4 Sec. 10, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 17, NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 20, S 1/2 of NE 1/4, W 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 29, W 1/4 of NE 1/4, SE 1/4 of NE 1/4, E 1/2 of NW 1/4, SE 1/4; Sec. 32, N 1/2 of NE 1/4, SE 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 33, W 1/2 of NW 1/4, SW 1/2. T. 5S., R. 14E., Sec. 5,totI, SW 1/4ofNE 1/4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 6, SE 1/4; Sec. 7,Lots 2 and 3, E 1/2 of NW 1/4. T. 5S., R. 13 E., Sec. 12, Lots 1, 2,3, 4, 5) 6, 8, 9, and It, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 13, tots 6,7, and 8, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec24, Lots 1 to 6 incLusive, NW 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 25, tots 1 to 8 incLusive. T. S., R. 13 E., Sec. 1,lots 2,3, 4, 6, 8, 9, and 10, SE 1/4 of NE 1/4, NW 1/4 of NW 1/4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4, SE 1/4 of SE 1/4. Sec. 12, Lots 1,2, and 6, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4, SW 1/4 of 11E 1/4; Sec. 13, tots 1 to 10 IncLusive, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 24, E 1/2 of NE 1/4. T. 6S., R. 14E., T. 6S., R. 14E., Sec. 6,Lots 5, 6, 7, 8,10, and 13, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, W 1/2 of SE 1/4 Sec. 7, lots 1, 2,3, and 4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, W 1/2 of SW 1/4; Sec. 18, lots 1,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, SE 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 19, Lots 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 19, and 13, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4, N 1/2 of SW 1/4, NW 1/4 of SE 1/4, SE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 20, Lots 2,3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, N 1/2 of N 1/2, SW 1/4 of NW 1/4, S 1/2 ofSW 1/4, NW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 21, lots 1, 5, and 6, SW 1/4 of NW 1/4, Sw 1/4 of, SW 1/4; Sec. 27, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; T. 6 S., R.14 E., Sec.28,tots 2,3, and 8; (con'd) Sec.34,Lots 1 and 2, NW 1/4 of NW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec.33,tots 1 and 2
T. 7 S., R.14 E., Sec.4,Lots Ito 5 incLusive, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec.8,tots 1, 2, and 3, S 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec.9,lots 3 and 4, W 1/2 of NE 1/4, S 1/2 of SW 1/4, NW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec.17,Lots 1, 2, 3, and 4, E 1/2 of E 1/2; Sec.20,tots 1,2,3, and 4; Sec.28,W 1/2 of NW 1/4; Sec.29,Lot 1, T. 8 S., R. 14 E., Sec.4,Lots 4, 5, 6, and 7, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4' Sec.5,tot 1; Sec.9,lots 1, 2, 3, and 4; Sec.10,Lot 1, SW 1/4 of NW 1/4, NW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec.15,E 1/2 of NW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec.16,tots 1 and 2; Sec.21,Lots 1,2,3, 4, and 5, E 1/2 of NE 1/4, S 1/2 of SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 29, Lots 2,3, and 4, SE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 32, tots 1,2, 3, and 4. T. 9 S.a R. 14 E., Sec. 6,lot 2; Sec. 73tots 1, 2, 3, and 4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4. T. 9 S., R. 13 E., (Part unsurveyed) Every smallest legal subdivision, any portion of which ties on the south side of the Deschutes River within one-quarter mite of the river In Sections 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16. Sec. 20, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 21, NW 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 29, SW 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 30, S 1/2 of NE 1/4, W 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 31, Lot 4, NW 1/4 of NE 1/4. T. 9S., R. 12E., Sec. 36, tot 1. T. lOS., R. 12 E.,Sec. 12, Lot 7 and 12; Sec. 13, tot 4; Sec. 24, lots 5 and 6; Sec. 25, lots 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10; Sec. 35, Lots 4 and 5. 332
T. 10 S., R. 13 E.,Sec. 7,Lot 4; Sec. 18, Lots 3 and 4, W 1/2 of NW 1/4, E 1/2 of SW 1/4; Sec. 19, Lots 1 and 2, E 1/2 of NW 1/4, NW 1/4 of SW 1/4. T. 115., R. 1ZE.,(Parttyunsurveyed) All of the following unsurveyed subdivisions not included in the Warm Springs Indian Reservation: Sec. 2, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, SW 1/4; Sec. 10, SE 1/4 of NE 1/4, E 1/2 of SW 1/4, SE 1/4; Sec. 11, N 1/4 of NW 1/4, SW 1/4 ofNW 1/4, NW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 15, W 1/2 of NE 1/4, E 1/2 of NW 1/4, SE 1/4; Sec. 22, NE 1/4, E 1/2 of SW 1/4, N 1/2 of SE 1/4, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 27, all of the W 1/2 of NE 1/4, SE 1/4 of NE 1/4, and NW 1/4 lying on the east side of the Deschutes River. (Surveyed) Sec. 28, lots 1,2, 3, and 4; Sec. 29, lots 2 and 3; Sec. 30, lots 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, T. 11 S., R. 11 E.,Sec. 18, lots 1,2, 4, and 5, SE 1/4 ofSW 1/4; Sec. 25, lots 2, 3, and 4, S 1/2 of SW 1/4, SE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 27, lot 3, S 1/2 of NE 1/4; Sec. 28, lots 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 29, lots 1, 2,3, 4, 5, and 9, SW 1/4 of NW 1/4. T. 105., R. 10 E.,Every smallest legal subdivision lying on the south side of the Metollus River, any portion of which lies within one-quarter mile of the river. T. 10 S., R. 9 E., (Unsurveyed) All of Section 36 lying south of the Metolius River. T. 11 S., R. tOE.,Sec. 13, tot 1, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4.
T. uS., R. 9 E., Sec.1,lot 3, 4,5, and 6, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 12, lots 1, 2, 3, and 4, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 13, lot 1. 333
The following lands included in the withdrawal of October 24,1908, first form, Reclamation Act, Deschutes and Metolius Rivers, Oregon, are either not valuable for the conservation of water power or appear from the records to be in private ownershipor were included in Tempor- ary Power Site Withdrawal No. 26.I therefore recommend that the first form withdrawal covering the following lands be cancelled:
Willamette Meridian T. 4S., R. 14 E., Sec. 3, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4, S 1/2 of NE 1/4, E 1/2 of SW 1/4, W 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 8, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 9, N 1/2 ofS 1/2, SE 1/4ofSW 1/4; Sec. 10, NW 1/4, W 1/2 of SW 1/4; Sec. 16, W1/4 ofNW 1/4, W1/2 ofSW 1/4; Sec. 17, W 1/2 of SE 1/4, SE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 20, N 1/2 of NE 1/4, E 1/2 of SW 1/4, E 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec, 21, W 1/2 of NW 1/4; Sec. 29, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4, E 1/2 of SW 1/4; Sec. 32, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4, SE 1/4. T. 5 S.,, R. 14 E., Sec. 5, NW 1/4 of NE 1/4, N 1/2 of NW 1/4, SW 1/4 of islW 1/4, N 1/2 of SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 6, S 1/2 of NE 1/4, E 1/2 of SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 7, N 1/2 of NE 1/4, NW 1/4 of NW 1/4. T. 5 S., R. 13 E., Sec. 12, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4, NW 1/4 of SW 1/4, Iota 7 and 10; Sec. 13, lots 1, 2,3, 4, and 5, E 1/2 of NE 1/4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, E 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 23, E 1/2 of NE 1/4, W 1/i of SE 1/4; Sec. 24, lots 7 and 8; Sec. 25, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 26, E 1/2 of# 1/2; Sec. 35, E 1/2 of NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 36, W 1/2, W 1/2 of E 1/2.
T. 6 S., R. 13 E., Sec.1,lot 7, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 12, lots 3, 4, and 6, NW 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 13, SE 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 24, NW 1/4 of NE 1/4. 33G
T. uS., R. 9 E., Sec. 25, tots 1 and2, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4, W 1/2 of (con'd) SW 1/4; Sec. 26, lots 1, 2, and 3; Sec. 35, All Lands tying on the east side of the Metotlus River. T. 12 S., R. 9 E., Sec.2, E 1/2, E 1/2 of W 1/2, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec.11, W 1/2, W 1/2 ofE 1/2; Sec. 14, W 1/2, W 1/2 of NE 1/4; Sec. 15, E 1/2 of E 1/2; Sec. 22, E 1/2 of E 1/2; Sec. 23, W 1/2; Sec. 26, W 1/2; Sec. 27, aLl; Sec. 34, aLl; Sec. 35, W 1/2 of W1/2. T. 13 S., R. 9 E., Sec.2, W 1/2 of W1/Z; Secs.3 and 10; Sec. 14, W 1/2 of W 1/2; Sec. 22, N 1/2k Sec. 23, W 1/2 of NW 1/4; Sec. 11, W 1/2 of W 1/2; Sec. 15, aU. According to the reports of the General Land Office, the only vacant land in the above list which by this restoration will be open to settlement and entry, on such dates as the Secretary may permit, and which should be Listed in publication notices, are as foLLows:
WILI.amette Meridian T. 4S., R. 14E., Sec. 3, SE 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 20, SE 1/4 of SE 1/4. T. 5 S., R. 14 E., Sec. 5, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 7, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4. T. 5 S., R. 13 E., Sec. 12, NW 1/4 of SW 1/4, tot 7; Sec. 13, E 1/2 of NE 1/4, E 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 23, E 1/2 of NE 1/4; Sec. 25, SW 1/4 of S1/4; Sec. 26, .E 1/2 of E 1/2; Sec. 35, E 1/2 of NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4. 337
T, 6S., R. 13 E., Sec. 1, SW1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 12, NW 1/4 of NE1/4; Sec. 13, SE1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 24,NW 1/4 of NE 1/4.
T. 6S., R. 14 E., Sec. 7,NW 1/4 of NE1/4; Sec. 17, SW1/4of SW1/4; Sec. 18,lot 2,NE 1/4 ofSW 1/4, N 1/2 ofSE1/4; Sec. 19,SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec.20, S 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec.21,SW1/4 of NE 1/4NW 1/4 of NW 1/4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 27, NW 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 34, E1/2 of W1/2.
T. 7S., R. 14 E., Sec. 3, W1/2of NW 1/4; Sec. 21, SW1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 28, E 1/2 of NW1/4, NW 1/4of SW 1/4; Sec.32, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4.
T. 8 S., R. 14E., Sec.4, SW 1/4of NE 1/4, W1/2 ofSE 1/4,Lot3; Sec. 9,NE 1/4 of NE1/4; Sec. 10, NE 1/4of SW1/4; Sec. 15,E1/4of SW1/4; Sec. 21,E 1/2ofSE 1/4; Sec. 22, NW 1/4of NW1/4; Sec. 28, W1/2 of W 1/2; Sec. 32,E 1/2 of NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4.
T. 9S.,, R.14E., Sec. 5,NW1/4ofSW 1/4; Sec. 7, NE1/4of NE 1/4.
T. 9S., R.13 E., Sec.20, SE 1/4of NE1/4, W 1/2 oISE1/4; Sec. 29, SE1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 31, SE1/4 of SW 1/4.
T. 10 S., R. 13 E., Sec. 7, lot 3; Sec. 18, SE1/4 of NW1/4.
T. 10 S., R. 12 E., Sec. 1,Lot 10; Sec.25, lot 11.
T. uS., R. 12 E., Sec. 28, S 1/2 of SW 1/4,SE 1/4; Sec.30, Lot 6,SE 1/4 of SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4. 338
T. 11 S., R. 11 E.,Sec. 19, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 26, N 1/2 of SW 1/4, NW 1/4 ofSE 1/4, SE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 28, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4, E 1/2 of SW 1/4; Sec. 29, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4. T. ii S., R. 9 E., Sec.1, W 1/2 of NE 1/4.
The Lands in Ts, 12 and 13 5., R. 9 E., which were included in the first form withdrawal are not Included in the Temporary Power Site Withdrawal or in the above List for publication for the reason that they are included within the present boundaries of a National Forest. Very respectfully,
Acting Director
Approved Dec. 30, 1909 and sent to the General Land Office /s/ R. A. Ballinger Secretary E.C.T. 339
APPENDIX XII-C.2 October 19, 1910.
The }onorable, The Secretary of the Interior. (Through the Commissioner of Indian Affairs) Sir: Field examination by this office indicates that those portions of the Deschutes and Metotius Rivers which border the Warm Springs Indian Reservation in Oregon have large possibilities of power development. The unpatented public lands on the opposite bank oC these rivers have been included in Power-Site Reserves Nos. 26 and 66, approved by the President on July 2, 1910, and it is therefore desirable in order that those power possibilities may be fully controlled that the Government should retain title to the lands bordering the rivers within the Indian Reservation. I therefore recommend that in accordance with the provisions of the Act approved June 25, 1910, (Pub, No. 313), the following lands be reserved from location, entry, sate, allotment or other appropriation, and that no trust or fee simple patent be issued as regards these lands until further orders:
INDIAN LANDS POWER-SITE RESERVE NO, 2 Deschutes and Metolius Rivers, - - -Oregon. (Witlamette Principal Meridian)
T. 11 S., R. 9 E., Every smallest legal subdivision tying on the west bank of the Metolius River in the Warm Springs Indian Reservation any portion of which wilt when surveyed tie within 1/4 mile of that river 340
T. 10 S., R. 10 E.,Every smallest legal subdivision lying on the north bank of the Metolius River in the Warm Springs Indian Reservation any part of which will when sur- veyed lie within 1/4 mIle of that river. T. 11 S., R. 10 E.,Every smallest legal subdivision lying on the north bank of the Metotius River In the Warm Springs Indian Reservation any part of which will when sur- veyed lie within 1/4 mIle of that river.
T, 11 S., R. 11 E,,Sec. 18, Lots 7, 8, 9,10,11, and 12, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 19, Lots 8 and 13; Sec. 20, Lots 3, 4, and 5, NW 1/4 of NW 1/4, NE 1/4oISW 1/4; Sec. 25, Lots 5,6,7,8, and 9, S 1/2 of NE 1/4; Sec. 26, Lots 5,6,7, and 8, N 1/2 of NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 27, Lots 4, 5,6, and 7; Sec. 28, Lots 8,9,10, 11, 12, and 13; Sec. 29, Lots 7, 8, 9, and 10, N 1/2 of NE 1/4, SE 1/4 of NE 1/4; T. 11 S., R. 12 E.,Sec. 2, (Partly surveyed) All lands lying on the west bank of the Deschutes river; Sec. 10, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4, (Unsurveyed) All lands lying on the west bank of the Deschutes river in S 1/2 of NE 1/4, SW 1/4, NW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 11, (Partly surveyed) All lands lying on the west bank of the Deschutes river In NW 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 15, Lots 2,3, and 4, SE 1/4 of SW 1/4; (Unsurveyed) Alt lands lying on the west bank of the Deschutes river inN 1/2 of NW 1/4; Sec. 22, (Partly surveyed) All lands lying on the west bank of the Deschutes river in W 1/2 of NE 1/4, SW 1/4 Sec. 27, (Partly surveyed) All lands lying on the north bank of the Metolius river in NW 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 28, Lots 5,6, 7, and 8, NW 1/4 of NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4,SW 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 29, Lots 5, 6, 7, and 8, N 1/2 of SW 1/4, NE 1/4 of SE1/4; Sec. 30, Lots 6, 7, 8, and9, S 1/2 of N 1/2. T. 10 S., R. 12 E.,Sec. 1, Lots 1,2,3, 4,5, and 6, SE 1/4 oINW 1/4; Sec. 12, Lots 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, E 1/2 of SW 1/4; Sec. 13, Lots 1,2, and 3, SE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 24, Lots 1,2, and 3 and 4, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4; 341
T. 10 S., R. 12 E.,Sec. 25, Lots 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; (con'd) Sec. 35, Lots 1, 2, and 3; Sec. 36, Lots 1 and 2, NW 1/4 of NW 1/4. T. 10 S., R. 13 E.,Al]. that unsurveyed portion oi the township lying on the west bank of the Deschutes river In Secs. 18 and 19. T. 9S, R. 13 E., Every smallest legal subdivision In Secs. 1, 2, 3,4, 9, 10, 11,12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 lying on the north bank of the Descbutes river In the Warm Springs Indian Reservation any portion of which will when surveyed lie within 1/4 miLe of that river. T. 95., R. 13 E., Sec. 17, Lots 1 and 2, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 19, SE 1/4 of SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 20, Lots 1, 2,3, 4, and 5, W 1/2 of W 1/2; Sec. 29, Lot 1; Sec. 30, Lots 2,3, 5,6,7, 8, 9, and 10; Sec. 31, Lots 2,3, 4, 5,6, and 7, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4; T. 9 S., R. 14 E.., Every smallest legal subdivision Lying on the west bank of the Deschutes river in the Warm Springs Indian Res- ervation, any portion of which will when surveyed lie within 1/4 mile of that river. T. 8S., R. 14E.,Sec. 4, Lots 9and 10, lot 8; Sec. 5, Lots 2, 3, 4, 8, and 9, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 9, Lots 6, 8, 9, 10 and 11, NW 1/4 of NW 1/4, Se 1/4 of NW 1/4, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 15, Lots 4,5, and 6; Sec. 16, Lots 3, 4,5, and 6, SE 1/4 of NE 1/4, NW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 20, Lots 3and4, NW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 21, Lots 6,7, 8, 9, and 10, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 29, Lots 5,6,7, and 8, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4; NW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 32, Lots 6, 7, 8,9, and 10, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, NW 1/4 of SW 1/4.
T. 75., R. 14 E., Sec. 4, Lots 6,9,10, and 11, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 8, Lots 4, 5, 6, and 7, SE 1/4 of NE 1/4, N 1/2 SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 9, Lots 5,6, and 8, W 1/2 of NW 1/4; Sec. 17, Lots 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, W 1/2 of NW 1/4, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 20, Lots 5, 6, 7 and 8, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4; 342
T. 75., Rb 14E.,Sec. 29, Lots 6,7, 8,9, 10 and 11, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4; (cont'd) Sec. 32, Lots 6,7, 8, 9, and 10, NE 1/4 .of NW 1/4. T. 6 S., R. 14 E.,Every smallest legal subdivision tying on the west bank of the Deachutes River In Secs. 28, 33, and 34, any portion of which will, when surveyed lie within 1/4 mile of that river.
Since portions of the lands Included in this recommendation are unsur- véyed, It is requested that appropriate notation be made on the records to show the withdrawal thereof while unsurveyed as well as after survey shall have been approved. The area Included in this recommendation is approxImately 12, 534 acres.
October 31, 1910. Very respectfully, I concur in the above recommendation
Acting Director. Commissioner of Indian Affairs. Approved and sent to General Land Office.
Nov. 1,1910 Secretary. 343
APPENDIX XII-C.3 September 26, 1912.
The Honorable, The Secretary of the Interior. Sir: In response to your letter of September 18, 1912, and in pursuance of Departmental order of April 25, 1912, providing for description according to new surveys of land included In withdrawals, Irecommend the issuance of the following order of modification, affectingapproxi- mately 1, 306 acres of land. Very respectfully,
Acting Director.
1912.1/ Respectfully referid to the President with favorable recommendation.
Acting Secretary.
ORDER OF MODIFICATION No, 26. Power Site Reserve No, 66. Deschutes and Metotius Rivers, Oregon. It is hereby ordered that so much of the order of withdrawal of July 2, 1910, continuing temporary withdrawal No. 66 approved by the Secretary of the InterIor December 30, 1909, as describes unsurveyed lands in T.10 S., R. 10 E., Willamette MerIdian, be, and hereby is modified to conform to the official survey,, accepted June 26, 1912, and to describe said lands In the terms of said survey as follows:
Date not clear In records, United States Geological Survey, Portland office. T.lOS., R.10 E.,Sec. 27, lot 1; Sec. 28, Lots 1,2,3, 4, and 5, SE 114 of SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4 Sec.. 29, Lots 1,2,3, 4, and 5, S 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 31, lots 1,2,3, 4, and 5, E 1/2 of SW 1/4, N 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 32, Lot 1, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4, SW 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 33, N 1/2 of NE 1/4; Sec. 34, tots 1,2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, SW 1/4 of NW 1/4, N 1/2 of SW 1/4; Sec. 35, lot 1.
President. October 8, 1912. 345
APPENDIX XiI-C.4
September 301912.
The Honorable, The Secretary of the Interior. (Through the Commissioner of Indian Affairs) Sir: In accordance with your general instructions, I recommend the withdrawal for water-power sites of the following areas, Involving approximately 61, 840 acres. Very respectfully,
Acting Director.
,1912,1/ I concur in the above recmmendation.
Commissioner of Indian Affairs.
ORDER OF WITHDRAWAL Power Site Reserve No. 294. Deachutes, Metolius, and Warm Springs rivers, and Beaver, Mill, Shitike, and Whitewater creeks, Oregon. It is hereby ordered that the following described lands, valuable for power sites, be and the same are hereby reservedfrom location, entry, sate, allotment, or other appropriation In accordance with the provisions of Section 13 and 14 of the Act approved June 25, 1910 (36 Stat., 855, 858), and that no trust or fee simple patent be issued as regards these lands until further orders:
Date not clear in records, United States Geological Survey,. Portland office. 346
Witlarnette Meridian T. 7S., R. 9E., Unsurveyed; ALL Land within four miLes of the east boundary of the township that is within one-half mile of Warm Springs River. T. 8S., R. 9E,, Unsurveyed; ALL Land within one-haLf mile of MILL Creek, T. 9S., R. 9E Unsurveyed; ALL Land within three miLes of the east boundary of the township that is within one-half miLe of Shitike Creek. T. lOS., R. 9E., Unsurveyed; ALL Land within three miles of the east boundary of the township that is within one-haLf miLe of Whitewater Creek, T. 11 S., R. 9 E., Unsurveyed; ALL Land on the west side of and within one-haLf mile of MetoLius River. T. 7S., R. bE., Unsurveyed portion; All Land within one-haLf miLe of Warm Springs River. T. 8 S., R. 10 E., ALL land within one-half miLe of MILL Creek in the unsur- veyed portion of the township; Sec. 24, N 1/2. T. 9S., R. 1OE., Unsurveyed; ALL land within one-half mile of Shitike Creek. T. 10 S.., R. 10 E.,All Land within one-half mile of Whitewater Creek in the unsurveyed portion of the township; Sec. 21, SE 1/4. T. 7S., R. liE., Sec. 5, SW 1/4, S 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 6,lots 5, 6, and 7, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, E 1/2 of SW 1/4, SE 1/4;. Sec. 7, all; Sec. 8, aLL; Sec. 9, W 1/2, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4, NW 1/4ofSE 1/4, S 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 10, S 1/2 of SW 1/4; Sec. 14, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4, NW 1/4, S 1/2; Sec. 15, alL; 347
T. iS., R. 11 E.., Sec. 16, aLt; (con'd) Sec. 17, aLt; Sec. 18, tot 1, E 1/2 of NW 1/4, NE 1/4; Sec. 20, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4, NW 1/4 of NE 1/4, E 1/2 of NE 1/4; Sec. 22, alL; Sec. 23, aLt; Sec. 24, SW 1/4 of NW 1/4, W 1/2 of SW 1/4, SE 1/4of SW 1/4; Sec. 25, W 1/2, SE 1/4,5W 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 26, all; Sec. 27, NW 1/4, NW 1/4 of SW 1/4, E 1/2 ofSW 1/4, E 1/2; Sec. 28, NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4;, Sec. 34, NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4, NW 1/4 of SE 1/4, E 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 35, all; Sec. 36, all. T. 8S., R. liE., Sec. 1, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 2, lots 2,3, and 4, .S 1/2 of N 1/2, S 1/2; Sec. 3, E 1/2 of NE 1/4; Sec. 11, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4, E 1/2; Sec. 12, NW 1/4 of NW 1/4, S 1/2 of NW 1/4, SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 13, aLl; Sec. 14, alt; Sec. 15, S 1/2 of NE 1/4, S 1/2; Sec. 16, SE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 19, lots 1, 2, 3, and 4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, S 1/2 of NE 1/4; E 1/2 of SW 1/4, SE 1/4; Sec. 20, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4, S 1/2 of NW 1/4, S 1/2; Sec. 21, NE 1/4, S 1/2; Sec. 22, N 1/2 of NE 1/4, NW 1/4, W 1/2 of SW 1/4; Sec. 24, N 1/2 of NE 1/4, SE 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 28, NW 1/4, W 1/2 of NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 29, NE 1/4, N. 1/2 of NW 1/4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 30, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4k T. 9S., IL lIE., Sec. 11, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4, E 1/2 of SW 1/4, SE 1/4; Sec. 12, lots 12 to 16, incLusive; Sec. 13, lots 1 to 10, inclusive, and 15 and 16; Sec. 14, N 1/2, NW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 15, lots 1 to 12, inclusive; Sec. 16, NE 1/4, 5 1/2 of NW 1/4, SW 1/4, N 1/2 of SE 1/4, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; T. 9S., R. lIE.,Sec. 17, S 1/2 of N 1/2, S 1/2; ( con'd ) Sec. 18, 5 1/2 of Se 1/4, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 19, tots 2, 3, and 4, NE 1/4, E 1/2 of W 1/2, W 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 20, W 1/2 of NW 1/4; Sec. 21, N 1/2 of NW 1/4; Sec. 24, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 30, tots 1 and 2, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4. T. 7 S., R. 12 E., Sec. 30, Lots 3 and 4, SE 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 31, Lots 1, 2, 3, and 4, E 1/2 of W 1/2, W 1/2 of NE 1/4, SE 1/4. T. 8S., R. 12 E., Sec. 5, S 1/2 of NW 1/4, SW 1/4; Sec. 6, alt; Sec. 7, alL; Sec. 8, W 1/2' Sec. 16, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 17, S 1/2 of NE 1/4, W 1/2, SE 1/4; Sec. 18, alL; Sec. 19, Lot 1, N 1/2 of NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 20, E 1/2, N 1/2 of NW 1/4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 21, W 1/2, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 23, SE 1/4; Sec. 24, E 1/2, S 1/2 of NW 1/4, SW 1/4; Sec. 25, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4, W 1/2 of W 1/2; Sec. 26, S 1/2 of NW 1/4,SW 1/4, E 1/2; Sec. 27, S 1/2 of N 1/2, S 1/2; Sec. 28, N 1/2, N 1/2 of SW 1/4, SE 1/4 of SW 1/4, SE 1/4; Sec. 29, E 1/2 of NE 1/4; Sec. 34, N 1/2 of NW 1/4, NE 1(4; Sec. 35, N 1/2; Sec. 36, N W 1/4 of NW 1/4. T. 9S., R. 12 E., Sec. 17, S 1/2 of NW 1/4, SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 18, S 1/2 of N 1/2, S 1/2; Sec. 19, N 1/2 of N 1/2; Sec. 20, N 1/2, N 1/2 of SE 1/4, SE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 21, Lots 4, 5,11,12, 13,14, 15, and 17 to 32, Inc [us lye; Sec. 22, Lots 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, and 32; Sec. 25, Lots 1 to 16, IncLusive, N 1/2 of SW 1/4, NW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 26, lots1 to 24, inclusive; Sec. 27, lots 1, 2, 7, 8, 9,10, 15,16, N LIZ of NW 1/4, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4; T. 9S.,,R. 12 E., Sec. 28, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4; (con'd) Sec. 36, Se 1/4 of SE 1/4. T. 8 S., R. 13 E., Sec. 17, S 1/2 of SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 18, S 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec0 19, N 1/2,N 1/2 of S 1/2; Sec. 20, N 1/2, N 1/2 of SW 1/4, SE 1/4; Sec. 21, S 1/2 of N 1/2, S 1/2; Sec. 22, S 1/2; Sec. 23, S 1/2 of N 1/2, S 1/2; Sec. 24, N 1/2, SW 1/4, N 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 26, N 1/2 of N 1/2; Sec. 27, N 1/2; Sec. 28, NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4. T. 95., R. 13 E., Sec. 19, lot 4, T. 8S., R. 14E., Sec0 17,S 1/2ofS 1/2; Sec. 18, 5 1/2of S 1/2, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4, N 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 19, N 1/2, N 1/2 of S 1/2; Sec. 20, N 1/2, N 1/2 of SW 1/4; Sec. 21, @ 1/2 of NW 1/4.
,19121/ Referred to the Commissioner of the General Land Office for appropriate action,
Acting Secretary
Date not clear in records, United States Geological Survey, !Portland office. 350
April 21, 1922
The Honorable, The Secretary of the Interior. Sir: In pursuance of Departmental order of April 25, 1912, providIng for description according to new surveys of land included In withdrawals, I recommend the approval of the following order ( Power Site Interpretation No. 17), which conforms the description of certain lands Included in Power Site Reserve No. 294, Deschutes, Metolius, and Warm Springs rivers and Beaver, Mill Shitike, and Whitewater creeks, Oregon, to the official plat. The area heretofore recorded as: withdrawn in the townships described is 9, 600 acres, but in terms of the official survey as construed herein in found to be 7, 512 acres. RespectfuLly,
Director.
I concur in the foregoing recommendation.
Commissioner, General Land Office. 351
APPENDIX X1I-C. S
POWER SITE INTERPRETATION NO. 17
T. 8S., R. 10 E.,Sec. 14, Lots 3, 4, SW 1/4 oNE 1/4, S 1/2 of NW 1/4, SW 1/4, W 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 15, NW 1/4 of NE 1/4, S 1/2 of NE 1/4, NW1/4, S 1/2; Sec. 16, alL; Sec. 17, alL; Sec. 18, E 1/2 of NE 1/4, S 1/2 of SW 1/4, SE1/4; Sec. 19, E 1/2 of E 1/2; Sec. 22, NE 1/4; Sec. 23, Lots 1, 2, 3, W 1/2 of NE 1/4, NW 1/4, NW1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 24, E 1/2.
Secretary AprIl 29, 1922
Copy to Federal Power Commission. 352
August 29, 1922
The Honorable, The Secretary of the Interior. Sir: In pursuance of Departmental order of ApriL 23, 1912, providing for description according to new surveys of Lands included in withdrawals, I recommend the approval of the following order (Power Site Interpretation No. 30), which conforms the description of certain lands included in Indian Lands Power Site Reserve No, 2, Deachutes and Metolius Rivers, Oregon, to the official plats. The area heretofore recorded as withdrawn In the townships described Is 12, 534 acres, but in terms of the official survey as construed herein is found to be 12,047 acres. Respectfully,
Director
I concur in the foregoing recommendation.
Commissioner, General Land Office.
BEJ: FED August 26, 1922 353
APPENDIX XII-C. 6 INTERPRETATION NO. 30 of Indian Lands Power Site Reserve No. 2 Deschutes and Metollus Rivers, Oregon
It is hereby ordered that so much of the order of withdrawal of November 1,1910, creating Indian Lands Power Site Reserve No. 2, Deschutes and MetotlusRlvers, Oregon, as described unsurveyed lands In T. 115., R. 9 E.; T. 10 S., R. 10 E. ; T. ItS., R. 10 E. ;T. itS., R. liE.; T. 10 S., R. 12 E.; T. 11 S., R. 12 E., T. 9S., R. 13 E.; T. lOS., R. 13 E. ; T. 7 S., R. 14 E.; T. 6 S., R. 14 E.; T. 9 S., R.14E.; and T. 65., R. 14 E., Willamette Meridian, be constructed in conformity with the survey of said townships accepted by the General Land Office to describe the following tracts:
T. itS., R. 9 E., Sec, 1,lOts 7, 8, and 9, Sw1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 2, lots 1 and2,NE1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec.12,lots 5,6,7, and 8, NW1/4 of NW 1/4, NE 1/4of SW 1/4; Sec. 13, lots 6,7, 8, and 9,SE 1/4ofNW 1/4, W 1/2 of SW 1/4; Sec. 23, E1/2 ofSE1/4; Sec.24,lots 6, 7, 8, and 9, W 1/2 of NW 1/4; Sec. 25, lot 3; Sec. 26, lots 4, 5, 6, and?, NW 1/4 of NE1/4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, N 1/2 of SW 1/4; Sec. 35, lots 6 and 8, NE 1/4of NW 1/4.
T. lOS., R. 10 E.,Sec.27,lots8, 9,10, and 11; Sec.28, lots 7,8, 9,10, 11 and12,NW 1/4 of NE1/4, N1/2of NW1/4; Sec. 29, lots 6,7, 8,and9, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4, SW 1/4of NE 1/4, SE 1/4of NW 1/4, NW 1/4; Sec. 30, SE1/4 ofSE 1/4; Sec. 31, lots 6,7, 839 10, and 11, E 1/2 of NW 1/4; Sec. 34, lots 7, 8, 9,10,II and 12, NW 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 35, lots 2,3, and 4.
T. 11 S., R. 10 E.,Sec. 2, lots 6, 7,8, and 9, SE1/4of NW1/4, W1/2of SE 1/4; Sec. 3,lot 6; Sec. 11, lots 4 and 5; Sec. 12, lots 4,5,6, 7, 8, and 9,NW 1/4 of NW 1/4, NW 1/4ofSE1/4; Sec. 13, lot 3. 354
T. 11 S., R. 11 E.,Sec. 18, lots 7, 8, 9,10,11, and 12, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 19, lots 7 and 8; Sec. 20, lots 3, 4, and 5, NW 1/4 of NW 1/4, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 25, lots 5,6,7, 8, and 9, S 1/2 of NE 1/4; Sec. 26, tots 5,6,7, and 8, N 1/2 of NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 27, tots 495,6, and 7; Sec. 28, lots 8,9,10, 11, 12, and 13; Sec. 29, lots 7, 8, 9, and 10, N 1/2 of NE 1/4, SE 1/4 of NE 1/4.
T. 10 S., R. 12 E.,Sec.1,tots 3, 4, 5, and 14, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 12, tots 1,2,3, 4, and 5, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, N 1/2 of SW 1/4; Sec. 13, tots 1,2, and 3, SE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 24, lots 1,2,3, and 4, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 25, lots 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5; Sec. 35, tots 1, 2, and 3; Sec. 36, tots 1 and 2, NW 1/4 of NW 1/4. T. 115., R. 12 E.,Sec. 2,tots 6, 7, and 8; Sec. 10, tots 6,7, 8,9,10, and 11, NE 1/4 of NE 1/4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 11, lot 5; Sec. 15, tots 3, 4, and 9; Sec. 22, lots 5,6, 7, 8, and 9; Sec. 27, tot 6; Sec. 28, tots 5,6,7, and 8, NW 1/4 of NE 1/4, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4,SW 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 29, lots 5,6, 7, and 8, N 1/2 of SW 1/4, NW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 30, tots 6,7, 8, and 9, S 1/2 of N 1/2. T. 9S., R. 13 E., Sec. 10, lot 8, S 1/2 of SE 1/4; Sec. 11, S 1/2 of S 1/2; Sec. 12, tots 6,7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, NW 1/4 of NE 1/4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 13, tot 2; Sec. 14, tots 5,6,7, and 8; Sec. 15, tots 5,6, 7, and 8; Sec. 16, tots 5,7, 8, 9, and 10, 5 1/2 of NW 1/4; Sec. 17, tots 1 and 2, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 19, SE 1/4 of SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 20, tots 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, W 1/2 of WI /2; Sec. 29, lot 1; Sec. 30, tots 2, 7, 8, 9, and 10; Sec. 31, tots 2 and 6. 355
T. 10 S., R. 13 E.,Sec. 18, lots 5 and 6; Sec. 19, lots 5 and 6. T. 7 S., R. 14 E., Sec. 4, lots 6, 9, 10, and 11, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 8, lots 4, 5, 6, an7, SE 1/4 of NE 1/4, N 1/2 of SW 1/4, SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 9, lots 5, 6, and 8, W 1/2 of NW 1/4; Sec. 17, lots 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, W 1/2 of NW 1/4, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec, 20, lots 5,6, 7, and 8, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 29, lots 6,7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4; Sec. 32, lots 6,7, 8, 9, and 10, NE 1/4 of NW 1/4. T. 8 S.,, R. 14 E.,, Sec. 4, lots 8, 9, and 10; Sec. 5, lots 2, 3, 4, 8, and 9, NE 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 9, lots 6, 8, 9, and 10, NW 1/4 of NW 1/4, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, NE 1/4 of SW 1/4; Sec. 15, tots 5 and 6; Sec. 16, lots 4, 5, and 6, SE 1/4 of NE 1/4, NW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 20, lots 3and4, N.W 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 21, lots 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4; Sec. 29, lots 5,6,7, and 8, SW 1/4 of NE 1/4, NW 1/4 of SE 1/4; Sec. 32, lots 6, 7, 8,9, and 10, SE 1/4 of NW 1/4, NW 1/4 of SW 1/4. T. 9 S., R. 14 E., Sec. 5, lots 5 and 6; Sec. 6, lots 3,5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10; Sec. 7, lots 7, 8, and 9. T. 6 S., R. 14 E., Every smallest Legal subdivision tying on the west bank of Deschutes River in Secs. 28, 33, and 34, any portion of which will, when surveyed, lie within one-quarter mile of that river.
Secretary September 2, 1922 Copy to Federal Power Commission. Copy to Office of Indian Affairs. 35G
APPENDIX XII-D
UNDEVELOPED POWER SITES ON DESCHUTES AND METOLIUS RIVERS LYING ADJACENT TO WARM SPRINGS INDIAN RESERVATION 1/
General conditions. -- Among the many conditions that favor Deschutes River as a power stream are its remarkably uniform flow, its comparative freedom from drift and suspended matter that might b.e injurious toor interfere with the operation of water wheels, and the Little difficulty to be apprehended from the formation of ice. Frieda power site: Located in the NE 1/4sec. 13, T. 6S., R. 13 E., Wiltamette Meridian. At this dam site the bed of the stream appears to be of solid rock and walls for abutmentsare excellent.If this site is utilized the power house can be built close to the dam (P1. XVII). It is estimated that a dam 178 feet high would make available at this point a power head of 140 feet, by which 47, 360 brake horsepower (35, 200 kilowatts) would be developed by wheels of 80% efficiency with a flow of 3, 700 second-feet.The construction of such a dam would involve the excavation of about 47, 000 cubic yards of material and placing of about 198, 000 cubic yards of masonry. White Horse Rapids power site.-- Located in the NE 1/4 of NE 1/4 sec. 29, T. 7 S., R. 14 E., Willamette Meridian, just above the White Horse Rapids.The river bed and the banks at this site are apparently suitable for foundations. A possible method of development indicated by the map (P1. XVIII). It is estimated that a dam 122 feet high built at this site would in con- nection with a diversion tine 6, 500 feet long, make available a power head of 138 feet, by which 47, 200 brake horsepower (35, 100 kilowatts) would be developed by wheels of 80 percent efficiency, with a flow of 3, 700 second-feet. A solid gravity dam, 122 feet high, built at this site would involve the excavation of about 14, 000 cubic yards of material and the placing of about 57, 000 cubic yards of masonry.
1/ Except where noted otherwise, the description of undeveloped power sites is as appears in the report: Henshaw, F. F.; Lewis, John IT.; and McCaustland, E. J.; Deschutes River, Oregon, and Its Utilization, U. S. Department of Interior, U. S. Geological Survey, prepared in cooperation with state of Oregon U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper, No. 344, 1914, pp. 124-132. 357
Coleman power site. -- Located In the NE 1/4 of NE 1/4 sec. 12, T.9 S., R.13 E. Willamette meridian.The river bed and banks at this site appear less satisfactory than at some others along the stream but perfectly safe construction is doubtless feasible. A possible layout Is shown on the map (Pt. XIX). It is estimated that a dam, 78 feet high, built at this point would make available a power head of 58 feet by which 19, 680 brake horsepower (14, 700 kilowatts) would be developed by wheels of 80 per cent efficiency with a flow of 3, 700 second-feet,The building of a solid gravity dam 78 feet high would involve the excavation of about 11, 000 cubic yards of material and the placing of about 37, 000 cubic yards of masonry. Mecca power site. -- Located in the S 1/2 sec. 30, T. 9 S., R.13 E. Willamette meridian. The river bed at this point Is strewn with boulders. The right bank is probably composed of rock to a point very near the sur- face, but the condition of the left bank is more doubtful, and special in- vestigation would be needed to estimate closely the amount of excavation necessary to reach a solid foundation. The map(Pt XX) indicates the possible utilization of the site by power house on the right bank close to the dam. It is estimated that a dam 110 feet high would make available a power head of 90 feet, by which 27, 760 brake horsepower (20, 750kilowatts) would be developed by wheels of 80 per cent efficiency with a flowof 3, 400 second-feet.The construction of a solid gravity dam 84 feet high would involve the excavation of about 7, 000 cubic years of material and theplacing of about 22, 000 cubic yards of masonry. Pelton Power Site.(Note: Pelton Dam, recently constructed by Portland General Electric Company is located near the site described as the Pelton power site, Water-Supply Paper no. 344, page 129.Paper no. 344 proposed a gravity dam 84 feet high, capableof developing 13, 800 kilowatts at a discharge of 3,400 second-feet. The existing dam at this site is a concrete arch dam, having a height above bedrock of 200 feet, and a length of 725 feet.Usable storage cap- acity is 31, 600 acre-feet, impounding a body of water having an area of 540 acres.Installed generating capacity Is 120, 000 kilowatts. A rock fill reregulating dam about three miles downstream has a usable storage capacity of about 3, 500 acre-feet. No generating facilities exist at the reregulating dam.) Metolius power site. Located in the NE 1/2 sec. 22, T. 11 S., R. 12 E., 353
Wiltamette meridian.This site is in a narrow rock-walled canyon.... (Note: The site described in Water-Supply Paper no. 344 as the Metolius site is referred to as the Round Butte site in an application for license filed by the Portland General Electric Company, March, 1959.) The proposed development as described in the application (4Bpp. 2-6) would be near the head of the existing Lake Simtustus, one half mile downstream from the confluence of the Deachutes and Metolius Rivers. The dam wilt be of rock-fill with central earth core.The dam having a maximum height above the foundation of 440 feet and crest length of 1, 320 feet will develop a maximum hydraulic head of 372 feet and impound a gross storage capacity of 500, 000 acre feet within a surface area of 3, 600 acres.The reservoir will extend approximately eight miles up the Deschutes River, eleven miles up the Metotius River, and six miles up the Crooked R1ver. A concrete-lined diversion tunnel approximately 2, 000 feet in Length will be constructed on the reservation. A spillway tunnel will be con- nected into the diversion tunnel after compLetion of the initial stage of diversion and closure of the diversion control structure. A power tunnel approximately 1, 300 feet long will also be constructed on the reservation. At its tower end the power tunnel is to branch into three short penstock tunnels leading to the turbines. An additional branch at the lower end of the power tunnel wilt lead to high pressure outlets used to control storage during reservoir filling and provide additional discharge during major floods. Three turbines will be installed having a total name-plate rating capacity of 345, 000 horsepower when operating at 315 feet Upstream-migrant fish will enter a fish collection channel on the downstream side of the powerhouse, immediately above the draft tubes. After travelling along the collection channel, the fish will enter a trans- fer tank which is hauled up the slope of the dam and discharged into Round Butte ReservOir.The total time in transit from downstream reservoir to upstream reservoir wilt be about ten minutes.The transfer tank will be actuated aulnmaticatly, so that fish entering the tank will be transported to the upstream pool. with a minimum of delay. Downstream-migrant fish will be drawn into an intake structure loc- ated on the eastern end of the dam, at the most downstream point of the reservoir. Most of this water wilL be returned to the reservoir, 359
after passing through a travelling screen which separates fingerlings from the return flow.The migrant fish will continue through the intake structure3 finally entering a collection chamber. The outlet pipe from this chamber will terminate in the downstream reservoir at the toe of the dam. In operation, a valve closes at the lower end of the outlet pipe and the pipe fills by overflow from the fish collection chamber. When the pipe is full, a gate will open in the base of the collection chamber, permitting the migrant fish to enter the upper end of the pipe.The valve at the lower end is then slowly opened so that the fish descend to the downstream pool.In order to accommodate seasonal variations in reservoir level, the downstream-migrant structure will be made movable, travelling on tracks In the face of the dam.
SITES ON METOLIUS RIVER General conditions.- - MetotiusRiver Is like the Deschutes in that it Is a stream of clear water of fairly uniform flow and carries prac- tically no drift.It Is probable also that the formation of ice will never be a disturbing factor In the operation of power plants along its course. In its general character and In its possibilities of powerdevelopment, however, It is quite unlike the DeschutesIts fall from its headwaters to the confluence with the Deschutes averages about 35feet to the mile, but along its entire length of 41 miles there are only a few placeswhere the sites are at all suitable for the construction of dams of greater height than 20 to 25 feet.In order to concentrate the development of power in large units suitable for economicaltransmission, diversion lines must be planned -- either open canals or pipe linesunder low pres- sure.The low-lying bench lands along the stream make it easyand reasonably cheap to construct these diversion lines and they maybe carried for long distances down the valley in order to takeadvantage of the natural fall of the stream, For the construction of lowdams rock foundations and rock walls reaching to a height of 15 to 25 feet are everywhere to be found.This height Is sufficient to allow the construction of proper intakes to the diversion lines and to provide spiflways for the flood waters. Riggs power site.-- Located in theW. 1/2 sec. 28, T. 11 S., R. 11 W. Willamette meridian.The Riggs power site on Metolius River is at a point a few miles above backwater from the Metotius dam.The river bed and right bank probably afford conditions favorable for foundation and abutment, but the condition of the left bank is uncertain. A possible layout is indicated on the map (P1. XXIII). 30
It is estimated that a dam 90 feet high, built at this point, and a diversion canal 9, 000 feet long would make available a power head of 135 feet, by which 17, 200 brake horsepower (12, 800 kilowatts) would be deveLoped by wheels of 80 per cent efficiency with a flow of 1,400 second-feet. A solid gravity dam at this site would involve the exca- vation of about 16, 000 cubic yards of material and the placing of about 58, 000 cubic yards of masonry. Whitewater power site.-- Located in sec. 28, T. lOS., R. bE. Wiliamette meridian,The utilization of the Whitewater power site would require a comparatively tong dam and a canaL diversion tine about 4 miles long on the bank of Metolius River, as shown on the map (P1. XXIV). Surface indications suggest good foundations at the dam site. It is estimated that a dam 78 feet high, built at this point would, with diversion line, make available a power head of 260 feet, by which 28, 363 brake horsepower (21, 100 kilowatts) would be developed by wheels of 80 per cent efficiency with a flow of 1, 200 second-feet. A solid gravity dam 78 feet high built at this site would involve the exca- vation of about 7, 000 cubic yards of material and the placing of about 24, 000 cubic yards of masonry. Jefferson Creek power site.-- Located in the SE. 1/4 sec. 35, T. uS., R. 9E. Willamette meridian, The Jefferson Creek site might be developed by means of a dam high enough to raise the water to the first low bench lands along the left bank of the stream, and a diversion canal which would carry the water nearly 9 miles to the point suggested for a power house. It is estimated that a dam 20 feet high built at this point would, with diversion line, afford a power head of 400 feet, by which 36, 363 brake horsepower (27, 100 kilowatts) would be developed by wheels of 80 per cent efficiency with a flow of 1, 000 second-feet.The building of this dam would involve the excavation of about 300 cubic yards of mat- erial and the placing of about 1, 000 cubic yards of masonry. 361
APPENDIX XII-E. 1
COPY OF COVER LETTER BY R. 0. HELLAND ACCOMPANYING REPORT OF WATER UTILIZATION OF STREAMS ON THE WARM SPRINGS INDIAN RESERVATION (Report appears Appendix XII-E. 2)
U. S. Department of Interior Geological Survey 212 Ol.d Court House Portland, Oregon March 20, 1944 Memo for Mr. Jones: Herewith is my report on water utilization in streams of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation.This report is rather a review and comment on Mr. Hincks' report than an original investigation. Mr. Hincks spent several months in field examination and surveys on the reservation in 1911 and 1912.I spent about three or four days. Under the circumstances the basic data for both reports is essentially data gathered by Hincks. Since Hincks wrote his report, however, the entire reservation has been covered by quadrangle maps, and valuable discharge records have been obtained. I arrived at the general conclusion that streams on the res- ervation are more valuable for their potential power than for irrigation. This is apparently Mr. Hincks' conclusion also.I failed to find the reservation superintendent in when I called, as he was then in Portland, but in a letter which I later received from him, he Indicates that no Irrigation is planned, beyond that which is now in operation.The soil on the level bench lands is generally shallow. Lava flows are everywhere near the surface. Even though It was necessary to revise Hincks' eètimates of potential power drastically downward, nearly all streams described in the report have enough possibilities to attract ultimate development. As for the future irrigation, I should not want to commit myself further without first making a detailed soils examination, especially on the flat bench lands. The report has been written with the aim of summing up available Information for use in the water and power division, and not with any view to possible release. Very truly yours,
R. 0. Helland 362
APPENDIX XII-E. 2
WATER UTILIZATION IN STREAMS ON THE WARM SPRINGS INDIAN RESERVATIONS OREGON By R.O. Helland, U.S. Department of Interior, US. Geological. Survey, 1944 1/
Introduction This brief report Is prepared essentially as a review and sum- mary of the Warm Springs report by W. H. Hincks, Assistant Engineer, Indian Service, dated August 1912 and filed D-100 12-M8, to which is added the discharge records andmap information made available since 1912, and other Information gathered by the writer in August, 1943, and July, 1944. A plan of development for the several streams on the Reservation is outlined under two assumptions: (1) that deve lop- ment will be primarily for power and (2) that development will be coordinated with irrigation. In general it has been necessary to revise downward the estimates of potential power contained In Hincks' report which bases its estimates largely on miscellaneous measurements thatwere assumed to represent the minimum flow has dropped materially below the measured discharge of 1911 and 1912 for all streamson the Reservation.
Summary
1,The principal streams of the Warm Springs Indian Reservation are the Warm Springs River and Shitike Creek, directly tributary to the Deschutes River and Whitewater River; and Jefferson Creek, tri- butary to the Metolius River, which in turn is tributary to the Deschutes River.All these streams rise to the East slope of the Cascade Range and are deeply entrenched throughout most of their length, and have a well sustained flow. The report by Hetland, 1944, a U.S. Department of Interior, U. S. Geological Survey, mimeographed, unpublishedopen file report, not reviewed for conformance with editorial standards of the Geological Survey, is herein reported in full.Photographs which were included in the originaL report are not shown. For a map of the hydro-electric development outlined by Hetland the reader is directed to Appendix XII-E. 6, map of Potential Hydro-Electric Development of Warm Springs Indian Reservation, Oregon. 363
The entire Reservation is in an area of recent lava flows which are near the surface over most of the reservation as evidenced by frequent outcrops.The thin layer of volcanic ash and other wind- blown material overlies the lava rock. This soil Is fertile and wherever deep enough for cultivation and not too stony, makes good dry farm land. The headwaters region of alt, streams on the reservation is in general rough to mountainous and heavily timbered. Large areas in the central part of the reservation are leveled to rotting bench lan4. The lower third or more of the reservation adjacent to the Deschutes and the Metolius Rivers Is rough plateau, deeply furrowed by numerous small intermitten streams. Settlement by the Indians is largely restricted to the narrow strip of valley floor along the lower reaches of Shitike Creek, the site of the Warm Springs Agency; and to the valley floor of other small streams of the reservation where the deepest soil is found. The broad level benches of the central part of the reservation include most of the land that is level enough for cultivation; but the soil in these benches is, in general, shallow and rocky.Irrigation is not practiced on a limited scale. Abundant water is available for additional irrigation, but most of the level land on the reservation is either too shallow or too stony to make Irrigation feasible. Storage of an estimated 100,000 acre feet or more could prob- ably be developed at the Schoolie Pasture reservoir site near the head waters of the Warm Springs River, and possibly 20, 000 to 30, 000 acre feet of storage might be feasible of development at the Hot Springs reservoir site on the river. A comparatively steep gradient in all streams on the reservation suggest development of head by canal of conduit and not by dams, except for a short reach on the lower Warm Springs River above Hot Springs. Discharge records and miscellaneous measurements indicate that the flow in all streams on the reservation originates largely in melting snow and springs near headwaters. A plan of development to take advantage of this condition and also to take advantage of the flat bench land for canal location Is suggested herein. The plan of development herein purposed suggests diversion of the several streams in a scheme that could leave no single stream to independent utilization.In consequence, the potential power estimates cannot be broken down by streams, but is given for the entire group 364
and for the various sites.The total potential power from natural flow in the Warm Springs River, Whitewater River, Shitike Creek, and Jefferson Creek Is estimated herein at 28, 000 horsepower for 100 per cent of the time, 35, 000 horsepower for 95 per cent of the time, 37, 000 horsepower for 90 per cent of the time, and 67, 000 horsepower for 50 per cent of the time.With possible regulation In the Warm Springs River the total potential power In these streams Is estimated at 35, 000 horsepower, 38, 000 horsepower, 40, 000 horsepower, and 66, 000 horsepower for these periods of time res- pectively. Geography and Geology Features under these heads are described in considerable detail in Hincks' report.The Warm Springs Indian Reservation has an area of about 935 square miles and is located in north central Oregon on the east slope of the Cascades.It Is bounded on the North by a low divide between the Whitewater and Warm Springs River, on the east by the Deschutes River, on the south by the Metolius River and Jefferson Creek, and on the west by a line roughly coinciding with the crest of the Cascade range.All principle streams rise near the summit of the range and drain in a generally easterly direction toward the Deschutes River. (See Madras, Mt. Jefferson, Dufur, and Mt. Hood quadrangle maps).In general the higher altitudes of the reservation are rough mountains and timber. A broad area of rolling to level bench land largely sage grown occupies the central portion of the reservation and the lower portion is largely furrowed by the principle streams and the numerous small intermittent tributaries. The principal streams of the reservation are the Warm Springs River and Shitike Creek, directly tributary to the Deschutes River; and Whitewater River and Jefferson Creek, directly tributary to the Metolius River, which in turn is tributary to the Deschutes. Warm Springs River has many tributaries, the principle of these being Badger Creek, Mill Creek, and Beaver Creek.All these streams are deeply entrenched over most of their courses.Badger and Mill. Creek flow in shallow valleys for a few miles in the upper portion of Mill Creek flat, and in these reaches are easily diverted to the irrigabl.e lands on the flat. Warm Springs River also flows near the top of the plateau for a few miles in township 7 South range 10 and 11 East. The entire reservation Is in an area of comparatively recent lava flows which are close to the surface over most of the area as evidenced by frequent outcrops.However, the soil, a mixture of volcanic ash and other windbtow material, Is sufficiently deep in places to make cultivation 365
possible. Hincks estimates as of 1912 that one per cent of the reser- vation Is cultivated.Without irrigation the best lands on the reservation are suited only to dry farming. About 100 acres are now Irrigated on the floor of Shitike Creek Valley near its mouth.Considerable acreage is under Irrigation on Mill Creek Flat.The prinlcple use of the reservation land Is for grazing cattle and horses. Some timber Is being cut in the higher altitudes where there Is a good stand of yellow pine.Whether marketed as logs or as milled material1 it must be trucked about 30 mIles to the nearest railroad. A paved highway connects the Agency on the lower Shitike Creek with Madras. Good dirt roads lead from the agency to Schootle Pas- ture Ranger Station9 to Hehe Mill, and Simnasho. Passable roads lead into various parts of the reservation.
C Umate The climate of the reservation is typical of eastern Oregon, semi-arid except in the higher altitudes and subject to wide extremes of temperature. A long time record at Warm Springs shows a mean annual precipitation of 10 Inches.The higher altitudes of the Cascade range probably receive 50 inches or more. No records are available. A frost per season at the lower altitudes probably range from about 100 to 150 days. Factors Affecting Hydraulic Structures The extreme low temperatures of winter will require some protection against freezing. A record from Madras, Oregon Located about 10 mites southeast of the Agency shows an extreme minimum of minus 4F December 12, 1919.Equally tow temperatures may occur at the higher altitudes on the east slopes of the Cascades, since In general, extreme cold weather on the east slope is said to be associated with the east winds from inland.However, all cold water flow in this region is spring fed and probably emerges from the earth at temperatures of 4F or more. Canals and conduIts if given a sufficient velocity and some protection, would allow spring fed flow to travel an appreciable dis- tance before a serious freezing occurred. Water Supply Streams on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation are characteristic of other tributaries of the Deschutes River and in generaL have a well- sustained flow. Short records are available for the principal streams, Warm Springs River, Shitike Creek and Whitewater River and for MILL 366
Creek at the outlook of Olaltie Lake, A considerable number of miscellaneous measurements are available,1/ Following is a brief record of run-off for Warm Springs River at Hehe Mill N 1/2 Sec. 18, T. 7 S.,, R. liE. (see Appendix VI-A) together with run-off at gaging station between Warm Springs Agency andSimnasho atNE 1/4Sec. 19, T.8 S., R. 13 E (see Appendix VI-B) for same period: Comparative Run-Offs at Pointson Warm Springs River June to September, 1915 Between Warm Hehe Mill Springs &Simnasho Ratio Month acre-feet/month acre-feet/month
June 6,720* 17,900 37 July 6, 270 16, 100 39 August 5,960 15, 100 39 September 5,770 14,800 39 Note*: Revised data, not reported by Helland. The compilation of Appendix VI-C shows that Shitike Creek has an unusually even flow, a characteristic of nearly all the Larger streams in the Deschutes Basin.This is largely attributable to springs in the headwaters area. Two miscellaneousmeasurements, one on November 11, 1911 and the otheron June 10, 1912 indicate that the flow in Shitike Creek except during flood stage is contributed almost entirely by springs and streams originating above Shitike Butte. Following is a comparison of the flow in Shitike Creeknear its mouth and near Shitike Butteas afforded by two miscellaneous measure- ments in the gaging station record.(see Appendix VI-C and U. S. ! Helland reported compilations of surface runoffs of Warm Springs River, Mill Creek, Shitike Creek, and other miscellaneousmeasure- ments. Since the time of Hetland's report, some of the stream flow measurements have been revised by the U. S. Geological Survey.Re- vised data appear in corresponding tabulation of Appendixto Chapter VI.These revisions were generally minor, not being of sufficient magnitude to modify the concLusion made by Helland.- - -With the exception of the gaging station on the Warm Springs River at the former Hehe MilL, see Appendix VI-A,there has beenno stream gaging station In operation on the reservation since report.The station at Hehe Mill operated 1949-1954, inclusive.- Etmon Yoder Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 332, p.6 10) Comparison of Discharge in Upper and Lower Shitike Creek Date At Warm Springs Near Shitike Butte cubic feet/second cubic feet/second
Nov. 11, 1911 66 72 June 10, 1912 206 226 The above tabulation Indicates that the greater flow in Shitike Creek on both dates occurred at the upstream points.The differences may represent losses due to evaporation or possibly to leakage In the channel. Following is a summary of discharge record for Whitewater River near Grandview, Oregon in Section 28, Township 10 South, Range 10 East or about one-quarter of a mile above the mouth of the river. (Note: Refer to Appendix VI-E. With the exception of revisions as previously indicated, data reported by Helland appear therein. Storage Madras, and Mount Jefferson quadrangLe maps indicate that stprage of appreciable value could be developed at two sites on the Warm Springs River, but that none of the other streams on the reservation have reservoir pos sibiLities. Storage Sites Schoolle Pasture Reservoir Site In Section 8 in 17 township 7 South In Range 10 East, approximate altitude of 2700 feet, the Warm Springs River flows through a compar- atively narrow constriction in its valley, but appears to be geologically suited to a concrete dam. Rock outcrops on both banks indicate that bed rock is everywhere near the surface up to an elevation of about 125 feet above the river. A dam rising to that elevation would have a crest length of about 600 feet and would back water about 3miLes upstream into a broad flat of the Schoolle Pasture Ranger Station. No survey at this site Is available except those shown on the Mount Jefferson quadrangle maps.It is roughly estimated that a dam 125 feet high would create about 100, 000 acre-feet of storage. A greater part of this site Is densely timbered with pine, fir and other evergreens and only a limited area can be seen from any point. A road runs through 0
the site longitudinally.The hand level indicated that the average slope on this road was between 30 and 40 feet per mile. (Also see paragraph 11-3.9) The mean anti.ual runoff at this site is indicated by a six year record, 1912-1919, near Warm Springs and the factor is estimated at about 130, 000 acre-feet.The minimum mean annual runoff is estimated at about 90, 000 acre-feet,1/ Although the Schootie Pasture dam site appears to be suited to concrete construction, it is ma region of lava flow and might therefore be subject to serious Leakage. No geologic examination has been made at this site. The Hot Springs Reservoir Site The Warm Springs River flows through a narrow constriction at approximate altitude 1, 530 feet, Section 18 and 19, Township 8 South, Range 13 East, that could probably support a concrete dam. Massive rock outcrops occur on both banks to a height of about 200 feet above the river. However, a dam 70 feet high at this site having a crest length of about 400 feet would back water to the proposed Miller Flat powerhouse (altitude 1600 feet), and since storage at this low aLtitude would have only a itmited value to the Warm Springs development and little value to the Descbutes River, a 70 foot dam for the development head primarily may be all that this site will justify.The capacity of a reservoir at this site would not be large even with a dam of consid- erable height. The only available map of this site is the Madras quadrangle which indicates that a 70 foot dam would back water about four to five miles up a narrow canyon like valley.It is roughly estimated that a 70 foot dam would create about 10, 000 acre-feet of storage, and that a dam 125 feet in height would create perhaps 30, 000 acre-feet of ! At the time HeLland made his report the gaging station at Hehe Mill had been in operation only intermittently.His data for mean annual runoff at Schoolie Pasture was obtained by product of runoff ratio of 2. 39 - and average runoff at Sec. 19 T. BS. R. 13E - see Appendix VI-B.Helland's extended value of mean annual runoff of 130, 000 acre- feet at SchooRe Pasture is consistent with mean annual runoff of 134, 000 acre-feet measured in years 1949 to 1954, inclusive, at Hehe Mill. Measurements obtained since time of Heltand's report do not indicate modification of estimated minimum annual runoff of 90, 000 acre-feet. - Etmon Yoder 369
storage.Should a dam be built to a height of 200 feet above the water surface, a natural spillway through the left abutment could be utilized. It seems highly improbable, however, that a dam of this height wilt ever be constructed at this site.This reservoir site is in an area of lava flow and leakage may be a factor. No geologic examination has been made at this date. Power The potential power in the principal streams in the Warm Springs Indian Reservation is summarized on page 57 of Hincks' report as follows:( Assuming 80% efficiency) Stream Horse power
Warm Springs River 34, 440 Badger Creek 670 Mill Creek 8, 430 Beaver Creek 2, 000 Shitike Creek 14,975 Whi.tewater River 11,000 estimated Jefferson Creek 12, 000 estimated Total 83, 515 At 70 percent efficiency, the total potential capacity of these streams would be 70, 000 horsepower for 100 percent of the time. Hincks' report makes no estimate of other than 100 percent power. A total is based on miscellaneous measurements in 1911 and 1912 which apparently were presumed to represent the extreme low flow. Later discharge records and miscellaneous measurements, however, show that the lows assumed by Hincks must be reduced materially. Although Hincks does not outline in detail any plan of pOwer deveLop- ment for the reservation streams, his report in general assumes a series of diversion canals or conduits following the courses of the several streams insofar as topography permits, and taking advantage of the broad bench lands of the reservation.Canal and conduit construction along the steep rough canyon sides would be very expensive.The con- struction along the f Eat benches would cost much less mile per mile. To the extent that power canals could take advantage of the bench Lands without sacrificing it and without adding to length, this would appear to be the most feasible plan of development. If additional irrigation is planned for the level bench lands, it would be advisable to leave the main canal across the benches In such 370
a way as to command as much of the irrigable area as possible. These mains should be so planned as to serve also the purposes of power development. Power and irrigation would both have a common interest in getting the canals and conduits on top of the benches. However, the opportunity for irrigation on the reservation is very limited owing to the shallow and rocky soil.The comparatively small areas having a soil sufficiently deep and free of rocks to be suited to cultivation are so scattered that it may not be feasible to construct the lengthof canal necessary to reach them, unless irrigation be coordinated with the power development. Some of the better lands could possibly be reached for feasible irrigation by short laterals running out from the mainpower canals. The sustained flow in the streams of the reservation appear iii general to originate largely in the headwaters area. A large part of the minimum flow might therefore be diverted at comparatively high altitudes. However, the irri.gable bench lands are also at a comparatively high altitude, and the opportunity for coordinated development is accord-. ingly limited. Developed Power Sites A small plant owned and operated by the Indian Service is the only developed site on the reservation.This plant uses a small diversion from lower Shitike Creek which is dropped to a low head near the Agency. For a full description, see page 49 of Hincks' report, August 1912. Undeveloped Power Sites Assumed Development Primarily for Power On Plate No. 1 (see Appendix XII-F) Is shown a possible scheme for the development of power from all principal streams of the reserva- tion.The plan calls for two distinct series of plants.One series on the Warm Springs River and its tributaries; and the others supplied by diversions from Jefferson Creek, Whitewater River, Shitike Creek, two tributaries of the Warm Springs River, Boulder Creek and Mill Creek. The two series of projects overlap to a certain extent and the entire development is accordingly treated as one project.The overlap occurs in a diversion of the upper reaches of Mill Creek and Boulder Creek to the Metolius drainage, whereas the residual flow in these creeks would be diverted to Warm Springs River. This plan is suggested because it would appear to effect the same resuLts that might be had from a much greater length of canal or conduit along Mill Creek. Boulder Creek is a flashy stream of little valuc for power, running 371
dry in the summer. Some seasonal flow is available and could be easily picked up.It will also be noted from a topographic map that Mitt Creek flows out upon the open plateau below the Old Mill Ranger Station and would require several mites of high-pressured conduit to conserve head. Miller Fiat Power Site A diversion dam may be placed on the Warm Springs River at an altitude of 2, 700 feet just below the mouth of the southfork in Section 17, Township 7 South, Range 10 East; and a canal or conduit following roughly the 2, 700 foot contour on its right bank, picking up Badger Creek and the residual flow in Mill Creek, and connecting with the channel of Dry Creek on Miller Flat In Section 26, Township 8 South, Range 11 East. A tow diversion dam on Dry Creek in Section 30, Township 8 South In Range 1.2 East at altitude 2, 500 foot would guide the flow into a low pressure pipe, which in turn would discharge into a penstock at section 33 of the same township. The penstock would drop the water over the canyon rim into a powerhouse on Warm Springs River in Section 27, Township 8 South, Range 12 East at an altitude of 1, 600 feet, giving the site a head of 1, 000 foot between head of pressure pipe and tall race.Natural flow available at this site is estimated as follows: (Symbol Q designates percent time of turbine operation.) Stream Discharge, cubic feet per second Q100 Q95 Q90 Q50 Warm Springs River 75* 95 100 150 Badger Creek 5 10 10 15 Mill Creek (residual) 5** 5 5 5
* Based on monthly mean low of 192 cfs at Warm Springs station, Appendix VI-B, and ratio of 0. 39. ** Estimated 25 cfs diverted into Shitike Creek. If storage is developed at the Schoolie Pasture reservoir site, regulation of flow in the Warm Springs River would be possible. Assum- ing that run off at this site is roughly 40 percent of the runoff at the gaging station here at Warm Springs, storage of 55, 000 acre feetwould have been sufficient for complete annual equatiation of flow during the five years of continuous record, 1915-1919.It will, be noted from the mass curve that accompanies this report, however,that the storage of only 10, 000 acre-feet would have equalized flow in the year of lowest runoff providing a continuous flow of 130 second feet, which in addition to the ten second feet from Badger and Mill Creek would make possible 372
the continuous generation of 11,200 horsepower at the MilLer Flat Power Site. Estimates of potential power for the Miller Flat power site as given below are submitted only as a rough index of roundness. As a matter of fact, storage available at the Schoofle Pasture Reservoir site will have its greatest value if used for the generation of power during the period of low flow In the Columbia River.(Symbol Q designates percent time of turbine operation.) POTENTIAL POWER AT MILLER FLAT POWER SITE Operation characteristics: Head- l000ft,Efficiency - 70% Type flow Flow in cfs Brake horsepower Q100 Q95Q90Q50 Q100 Q95 Q90 Q50 Natural 85 110 115 175 6,800 8,800 9,20014, 000 Regulated 140 140 140 180 11,20011,20011,20014, 400
Hot Springs Power Site Between the tail race of the proposed Miller Flat power house and backwater of the proposed Whitehorse Rapids dam (see Water Supply Paper No. 344, Page 128.) on the Deschutes River, isa gross head of 340 feet that could be developed forpower.This reach of the Warm Springs River is about thirteen miLes long and hasa mean gradient of about 25 feet per mile, not attractive to conduit development.The head in the upper part of this reach could possibly be developed bya low dam in a narrow section of the valley in Sections 18 and 19, Township 8 South, Range 13 East, at approximate altitude of 1, 530 feet, and the remainder of the reach having a somewhat steeper gradium that possibly couLd be developed by a canal or conduit. Assuming that theupper 30 feet in the smaU reservoir thus createdwill reserve for live storage, the site would have a gross head of 320 feet. Available flow at this site wouLd be equalto the recorded flow at the gaging station (see Appendix VI-B), Less the flowdiverted from Mill Creek and Boulder Creek to the proposed Trout LakePower Site. If storage Is developed on Warm Springs River at the SchooLie Pasture reservoir site, regulation would be possible at the Hot Springs power site.The effect of regulation from the Schoolie Pasturereser- voir would depend on the part that it is scheduled to play in the ultimate plan for the Columbia Basin. Assuming for thepurpose of this report, that the Warm Springs River would be developed independently,an 373
estimated 40 percent of the natural discharge at Hot Springs would be equalized by storage of 10, 000 acre feet at the Schoolie Pasture Res- ervoir.The remainder or 60 percent less diversions to the Trout Lake power site, would require an estimated 15, 000 acre feet of storage at the Hot Springs reservoir site for equalization.The minimum annual flow of Warm Springs at the Hot Springs Dam site as cretermined from six years of records, 1912-1913 and 1914-1915 is 300 second-feet. Assuming diversion of a mean flow of fifty second feet to the Trout Lake site, 250 second feet would remain If developed through a gross head of 320 feet at the lower Warm Springs River, this flow would generate 400 horsepower. It should be noted that the storage of the required 15, 000 acre feet at the Hot Springs Reservoir site would require a dam backing water, somewhat higher than the altitude of 1, 600 feet and would therefore cut down somewhat the head available at the Miller Flat Power Site.This interference would probably not involve over 30 or 40 feet of head and is ignored in the overall estimated of potential power.
POTENTIAL POWER AT HOT SPRINGS POWER SITE Operation characteristics: Head - 320 feet, Efficiency - 70% Type Flow Flow in cfs Brake horsepower Q100 Q95Q90Q50 Q100 Q95 Q90 Q50 Natural 170 220 230 300 4, 350 5, 630 6, 000 7, 680 Regulated 250 250 250 250 6, 400 6, 400 6, 400 6, 400 In connection with the preceding discussion of Miller Flat and Hot Springs power sites on the Warm Springs River, it may be of interest to note that the potential value of storage at the Schoolie Pasture reser- voir site in connection with power development on the Columbia River. Assuming storage at that site of 90, 000 acre feet (an estimated minimum annual runoff ) and assuming its release over a six month period, September to March to fill in the Columbia low; and assuming complete development through 2, 700 feet of water in Warm Springs, Deschutes and Columbia Rivers, 46, 000 horsepower could be generated during the seven month period and could be blocked In with the Columbia power to form prime power.
Trout Lake Power Site Mill Creek could be diverted in the northwest quarter of Section Township 9 South, Range 9 East at an approximate altitude of 4, 500 feet.Its flow could be carried by canal or conduit along the contour 17 ! .., 1
to Shitike Creek in Section 26, Township 9 South, Range 9 East, where a penstock at an altitude of 4, 460 feet anda powerhouse at an altitude of 3, 660 feet would give the sitea head of 800 feet.Two short lengths of tunnel would be required along the canal line,or it would probably have too great a length to be practical. A first tunneE about 4, 000 feet long would pierce the divide between MIII. and Boulder Creeks just below the diversion dam. The second tunneL about 1, 000 feet long would pierce the divide at the head of thepen- stock approximately in Sections 22 and 27, Township 9 South, Range 9 East. The minimum available flow in Mill Creek at the diversion point would probably be only slightly less than the flow at Camp One Ranger Station, four miles down stream, unless there isan appreciable con- tribution from springs in this four-mile reach. A miscellaneous measurement on Mill Creek at Camp One (approximately Section 22, Township 8 South, Range 9 East, unsurveyed) on October 23, 1911, indicated the flow of 43 second feet.Boulder Creek runs dry in the summer, but a miscellaneous measurement of June 14, 1912, indicated a flow of 32 second feet in Section 31, Township 8, South, Range 11 East. POTENTIAL POWER AT TROUT LAKE POWER SITE Operation characteristics: Head- 800 ft,Efficiency - 70% Natural flow in cfs Brake horsepower Q100 Q95 Q90Q50 Q100 Q95 Q90 Q50 25 30 30 70 1,600 1,900 1,900 4,500
Jefferson Power Site If, as seems probable, a considerable part of the flow in Jefferson Creek and Whitewater River originates near their headwaters, it might be feasible to divert both streams at an altitude of about 5, 400 feet and carry their flow to a penstock discharging into a powerhouse on the Whitewater River in Section 17, Township 10 South, Range 9 East, at approximate altitude 3, 675 feet.The site would have a gross head of 1, 725 feet.Available flow is somewhat conjectural in view of the possible effect of a long period of cold weather on springs, however, the minimum flow in Whitewater River at the mouth during the year 1911, 1912 was 41 second feet on December 30, 1911. The flow in Jefferson Creek is probably much less than in White- water River. A measurement by the Indian office in June 92 1912, indicated a discharge of 161 second feet.The point of discharge is not recorded. On the same date the record shows a discharge of 239 375
feet for the Whitewater River near the mouth. Assuming that the Indian office measurement on Jefferson Creek was also near the mouth, the high water ratio of the two streams is of the fraction 161/239. Assuming that the same ratio at low water, the minimum flow at Jefferson Creek is estimated at 25 second feet.The total minimuth flow at altitude of 5, 400 feet in all diversions for this site is roughly estimated at 40 second feet. POTENTIAL POWER AT THE MOUNT JEFFERSON POWER SITE Operating characteristics: Head -1, 725 ft, Efficiency - 70 % Natural flow in cfs Brake horsepower Q100 Q95 Q90Q50 Q100 Q95 Q90 Q50 40 45 50 100 5,500 6,200 7,000 14,000
Tunnel PowerStte The combined flow from Shitike Creek, Mill Creek, and Boulder Creek could be guided into a tunnel in Section 33, Township 9 South, Range 9 East and carried into the Metolius River drainage for use through the long series of plants purposed on the Metoitus and Deschutes River.The tunnel would have a length of about one and a half miles and would enter the Metoiius drainage by Lionshead Creek, which is tributary to the Whitewater River in Section 2, Township 10 South, Range 9 EastThis diversion would develop practically all the prime power in Shitike Creek and would eliminate the cost of about25 miles of canal or conduit otherwise necessary for a complete development. The cost of the tunnel would probably be much less than the cost of a canal or conduil construction.Additional Installation of turbines and generators in conjunction with plants on the Metolius and Deschutes would probably cost much less than separate installations on Shitike Creek. Another canal or conduit taking out just below the Mt. Jefferso.n powerhouse at altitude 3, 650 feet would connect with the discharge end of the tunnel. The combined flow from all five streams would be carried to a penstock and powerhouse near the mouth of the Whitewater River in Section 21, Township 10 South, Range 10 East at an altitude of 2, 300 feet, the approximate elevation of backwater from the proposed White- water Diversion Dam on the Metolius River.See Water Supply Paper No. 344, page 130.If low pressure conduit is used to conserve head down the lower two miles of this reach, the effective head of the power- house would be around 1, 300 feet.Available flow would be the sum of the flow from the Mt. Jefferson and Trout Lake power sites and Shitike Creek.It is assumed that these are roughly synchronized with respect 376
to the variation in flow.Shitike Creek flow is assumed to be equal to the recorded I [ow at the gaging station in NE 1/4 Section 26, Town- ship 9 South, Range 12 East. POTENTIAL POWER AT TUNNEL POWER SITE Operating characteristics: Head - 1300 It, Efficiency - 70% Natural flow in cfs Brake horsepower Q100 Q95 Q90Q50 Q100 Q95 Q90 Q50 95 120 130 260 9,900 12,50013,50027,000 Assuming Development of Power Co-ordinated with Irrigation If the streams on the Warm Springs Indian Reservation should be utilized for both power and irrigation in a co-ordinated plan, both may use the same canals and conduits to a large extent.Under this assump- tion, no material change is suggested in the plan of development as outlined for power only. A canal leading from the Schoolie Pasture Dam Site would follow roughly the 2, 700 foot contour, losing elevation at the rate of about five feet per mile, and would command the greater part of the irrigable area on Mill Creek Flat in Miller Flat. A diversion at a somewhat higher altitude would command a small additional area of irrigated land, but would require a correspondingly higher dam to gain the necessary elevation.A. diversion further upstream, would sacrifice flow which is greatly contributed by springs in the reach between altitudes 2, 800 and 2, 700 feet. The general reconnaissance along the proposed canal route indicated that the soil along the 2, 700 foot contour from flehe Mill to Mill Creek, while very stony, was comparatively deep, perhaps two to three feet deep over most of the stretch and could easily be excavated.The soil on Miller Flat, however, is generally shallow and canal construction on this land would involve much rock excavation.In many spots the lava flows are exposed. An undetermined area, perhaps several hundred acres, is now being irrigated on Mill Creek Flat.In view of the large percentage of stone in the soil on this flat, however, it seems doubtful whether any considerable increase in irrigation will be tried.The present irrigation on the flat is apparently from Badger and Mill Creek diversion.It is the writer's opinion that the total area on Mill Creek Flat that might ultimately be brought under irrigation will not exceed 5, 000 acres under any condition of irrigation now picturable.Miller Flat is generally very poor, exposed lava or loose rock being visible from almost anypoint on the flat.The irrigabl.e area on this flat is probably negligible in estimating 377
'water requirements. Assuming a maximumirrigable area of 5,000 acres on Mill Creek and Miller Flat, and aduty of four acre feet per acre, the ultimate requirement of irrigation'would be 20,000 acre feet. The diversion of that quantity of water to irrigationto use would reduce by about thirty second feet the regulatedflow estimated for sites on the Warm Springs River and would reduce thepotential power from these sites from an estimated total of 17,000continuous horsepower to14,400 continuous horsepower.
To the extent that ultimate irrigationneeds have been correctly estimated herein, it would appear that thepotential value of the Warm Springs River and its tributaries for poweris substantially greater than its potential value for irrigation,and that a considerable block of power will uliimately be developed onthe river regardless of any future use for irrigation.
SiJT2LUtY OF POTENTIAL POWER FROM NATURALFLOW
Site Stream Head, Flow in cfs Brake Horsepower(70% Eff) feet QlOOQ95 Q90 Q50 Q100 Q95 Q90 Q50
Miller Flat Warm Springs 1000 85 110 115 1756,8008,800 9,200 14,000 Hot Springs Warm Springs 320170220 230 3004,3505,630 6,000 7,680 Trout Lake Mill Crek 800 25 30 30 70 1,6001,900 1,900 4,500 Mt. Jeffer- Whitewatr & son Jefferso:ri Cr. 1725 40 45 501005,5006,200 7,000 14,000 Tunnel Whitewater & Shitike Creek 1300 95 120 1302609,900 12,50013,500 27,000 Total Power* 28,150 35,03037,600 67,180
SUMMARY OF POTENTIAL POWER FROM REGULATED FLOW
Eff) Site Stream Head, Flow in cfs Brake horsepower(70% feet Q100Q95 Q90 Q50 Q100 Q95 Q9O Q50
Miller FlatWarm Springs 1000 140 140 140180 11,200 11,200 11,200 14,400 hot Springs Warm Springs 320250250250250 6,4006,4006,400 6,400 Other sitesnot affected by regulation, see natural flowcompilation. Total Power 34,600 38,200 40,000 66,300
* It is assumed for the purpose of this summary that theflow in all streams is roughly sychronized with respect to the several periodsof time. As a matter of' fact, the various periods of time on whichpotential power estimates are based are not entirely sych:ronized eventhough the flow in all these streamsis remarkably uniform. If all proposed power plants are interconnected asomewhat higher potential power will result forQlOOand probably also forQ95andQ90. 378
APPENDIXXII-E.3
PROFILE OF WARM SPRINGS RIVER
(Refer to Packet at End of Report) 379
APPENDIXXII-E.4
PROFILE OF SHITIKE CREEK
(Refer to Packet at End of Report) 380
APPENDIXXII-E.5
DURATION OF FLOW IN SHITIKE CREEK AT WARM SPRINGS
(Refer to Packet at End of Report) 381
APPENDIX XII-E.6
MASS CuRVE OF WARM SPRINGS RIVER AT SCHOOLIE PASTURE
(Refer to Packet at End of Report) 382
APPENDIX XII-F
MAP OF POTENTIAL HYDRO-ELECTRIC DEVELOPMENT ON WARM SPRINGS INDIAN RESERVATION
(Refer to Packet at End of Report) 383
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