Ghost Towns of the Montana Prairie (Boulder, Colorado: Fred Pruett BIBLIOGRAPHY Books, 1997). Books Ball, Don Jr., Portrait of the Rails (New York: Galahad Books, 1972). Adler, Cyrus, Jacob H. Schiff: His Life and Letters (Garden City, New York: Doubleday, Doran and Co. Inc, 1928). Bateman, Bob, Big Blackfoot Railway (Deer Lodge, MT: Platen Press, 1980).

Allen, G. Freeman, The Fastest Trains in the World (New York: Charles Berle, Adolph, and Means, Gardiner, The Modern Corporation and Private Scribner & Sons, 1978). Property (New York: Commerce Clearing House Publishing Co., 1932).

Akin, Edward N., Flagler: Rockefeller Partner & Florida Baron (Kent, Ohio: Berton, Pierre, The Impossible Railway (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1972). Kent State University Pres, 1988). Bilty, Charles H., The Story of the Hiawatha (Milwaukee: Ken Cook, Co., 1985). American Institute of Mining Engineers, Transactions: Montana Volume (New York: American Institute of Mining Engineers, 1914). Brain, Insley J. Jr., The Milwaukee Road Electrification (San Mateo, CA: Bay Area Electric Assoc. and the Western Railroader, 1961). Athearn, Robert G., "Railroad to a Far-off Country -- the Utah & Northern," Montana's Past, Selected Essays, Richard Roeder and Michael Malone, Brooks, John, Once in Golconda: a True Drama of Wall Street, 1920-1938 (New editors (Missoula, Montana: University of Montana Press, 1973). York: Harper & Row, 1969).

Abbot, Newton Carl, Montana in the Making (Billings, Montana: Gazette Brown, Dee, Hear That Lonesome Whistle Blow (New York: Touchstone Books, Printing Co., 1964). 1977).

American Association of Railroad Superintendents, Proceedings of the Burlingame, Merrill G., The Montana Frontier (Helena, Montana: The Seventieth Annual Meeting (Topeka, Kansas: Hall Lithographing Co., Montana Historical Society, 1942). 1967). Burr, Anna Robeson, The Portrait of a Banker: James Stillman, 1850-1918 Armbruster, Kurt E., Orphan Road: The Railroad Comes to Seattle, 1853-1911 (New York: Duffield & Company, 1927). (Pullman, WA: Washington State University Press, 1999). Bruffey, George, "The Last Spike" Montana Margins, Joseph Kinsey Howard, Arthur, Jim, A History of Winifred, Montana (Lewiston, Montana: Central ed. (New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1946). Montana Publishing Co., 1988). Buck, F.P., The Cherry Mine Disaster (Chicago: M.A. Donohue & Co., 1910). Bagley, Clarence B., History of King County, Washington (Seattle, 1929). Buck, Solon Justus, The Granger Movement (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, Baker, Don, Next Year Country: The Story of Eastern Montana (Boulder, reprint from Harvard University Press, 1913). Colorado: Fred Pruett Books, 1992). Busbey, T. Addison. Biographical Directory of the Railway Officials of 1937). America, 1906 Ed. (Chicago: Railway Age Co. 1906). Cronon, William, Nature’s Metropolis: Chicago and the Great West (New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 1991). Caine, Stanley P., The Myth of a Progressive Reform: Railroad Regulation in Wisconsin 1903-1910 (Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, Crowell, Sandra and Dave Asleson, Up the Swiftwater: a Pictorial History of the 1970). Colorful Upper St. Joe River Country (Coeur d’Alene, ID: Museum of Northern Idaho, 1980, 1995). Cary, John W., The Organization and History of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Co. (Chicago: Cramer, Aikens & Cramer, 1893). Daughen, Joseph R. and Binzen, Peter, The Wreck of the Penn Central (Boston: Little, Brown & Co., 1971). Central Electric Railfan’s Association, Electrification by GE, Bull. 116, 1976. De Golyer, Everett L., Jr., The Track Going Back (Fort Worth, Texas: Amon Chapman, John Will, Railroad Mergers (New York: Simmins-Boardman Carter Museum, 1969). Publishing Co., 1934). Derleth, August, The Milwaukee Road: The First Hundred Years (New York: Cheney, Roberta Carkeek, Names on the Face of Montana (Missoula, MT: Creative Age Press, 1948). Univ. of Mont. Publications in History, 1971). DeVoto, Bernard, The Year of Decision: 1846 (Boston: Little, Brown & Co., Chernow, Ron, Titan: the Life of John D. Rockefeller Sr. (New York: Random 1943). House, 1998). Dias, Earl J., Henry Huttleston Rogers: Portrait of a Capitalist, (New Bedford, Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Co., Annual Reports. Mass: Reynolds-DeWalt Printing Inc., 1974).

Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Co., Annual Reports. Doro, Sue, Blue Collar Goodbyes (Watsonville, CA: Papier-Mache Press, 1992).

Clark, John G., The Grain Trade in the Old Northwest (Westport, CN: Dimsdale, Thomas, Vigilantes of Montana (Butte, Montana: McKee Printing Greenwood Press, reprint, 1980; 1st ed. University of Illinois Press, Co., 7th Printing, 1929). 1966). Donovan, Roberta, The First 100 Years: A History of Lewistown, Montana Cohen, Michael J., Truman and Israel (Berkeley, CA: University of California (Lewistown, MT: Central Montana Publishing Co., 1994). Press, 1990). Elmer, Isabel L., Cinderella Rockefeller (New York: Freundlich Books, 1987). Collier, Peter, and Horowitz, David, The Rockefellers (New York: Holt, Rhinehart and Winston, 1976). Fahey, John W., The Inland Empire, Unfolding Years, 1879-1929 (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1986). Coursey, O.W., Pioneering in Dakota (Mitchell, S.D.: Educator Supply Co., Farrington, S. Kip, Railroading the Modern Way (New York: Coward-McCann, Western Railway System (DeKalb, IL: Northern Illinois U. Press, 1996). Inc., 1951).

Federal Writer's Project, Minnesota, a State Guide (New York: Hastings House, The Corn Belt Route: a History of the Chicago Great Western Railroad 1936). Co. (DeKalb, I: Northern Illinois University Press, 1996).

Fellmeth, Robert, The Interstate Commerce Omission (New York: Grossman Green, Charles, Montana Memories, III (Kalispell, MT: Thomas Printing, 1971). Publishers, 1970). Green, Marc, The Monopoly Makers (New York: Grossman Publishers, 1973). Fels, Rendigs, American Business Cycles 1865-1897 (Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 1959). Grodinsky, Julius, The Iowa Pool (Chicago: The U. of Chicago Press, 1950).

Field, H.H., History of the Milwaukee Road, 1892-1940 (Chicago: 1941). Railroad Consolidation (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1930).

Flynn, John T., God's Gold (New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co., 1932). Transcontinental Railroad Strategy, 1869-1895: A Study of Businessmen (Philadelphia, 1962). Forbes, B.C., Men Who Are Making the West (New York: B.C. Forbes Publishing Guedalla, Philip, The Hundred Years (New York: Doubleday, Doran & Co., Co., 1923). 1937).

Frederick, Richard, and Engerman, Jeanne, Asahel Curtis: Photographs of the Gunther, John, Inside USA (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1947). Great Northwest (Tacoma: Washington State Historical Society, 1983). Hahn, Margie E., In Retrospect: a History of Mineral County (Superior, Gates, Paul Wallace Gates, The Illinois Central Railroad and its Colonization Montana: Mineral Publishing Co., 1985). Work (Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1934). Haines, Henry S., Problems in Railway Regulation (New York: The MacMillan Fifty Million Acres (Ithica, N.Y., Cornell University Press, 1954). Company, 1911).

The Fruits of Land Speculation (New York: Arno Press, 1979). Hargreaves, Mary, Dry Farming in the Northern Great Plains 1900-1925 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1957). Glasscock, C.B., The War of the Copper Kings (New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1935). Dry Farming in the Northern Great Plains: Years of Readjustment, 1920-1990 (Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 1993). Godfrey, Aaron Austin, The Government Operation of the Railroads, 1918-1920 (Austin, TX: San Felipe Press, 1974). Healy, Kent, The Effects of Scale in the Railroad Industry (Cambridge: Yale University Press, 1961). Grant, Roger H., The North Western: A History of the Chicago & North Henderson, Harley, and Small, Lawrence F., Montana Passage (Billings, Johnson, Edwin, Railroad to the Pacific (New York: Railroad Journal Job Montana: Falcon Press Pub. Co., 1983). Printing Office, 1854).

Hidy, Ralph, Hidy, Muriel E., Scott, Roy V., and Hofsommer, Don L., The Johnson, F.H., The Milwaukee Road (Chicago: CMStP&P, 1935). Great Northern Railway -- A History (Boston: Harvard Business School Johnson, Stanley, The Milwaukee Road Revisited (Moscow, Idaho: University Press, 1988). of Idaho Press, 1997).

Hilton, George W., The Transportation Act of 1958 (Bloomington, Ind.: Josephson, Matthew, The Robber Barons (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, Indiana University Press, 1964). 1934).

Holbrook, Stewart H., The Age of the Moguls (Garden City, NY: Doubleday Karlin, Jules, Joseph M. Dixon of Montana (Missoula, Montana: Univ. of & Co., Inc., 1953). Montana Publications in History, 1974).

Holley, Noel T., The Milwaukee Electrics (Hicksville, N.J.: N.J. International, Klein, Maury, Union Pacific: The Rebirth, 1894-1969 (New York: Doubleday, Inc., 1987). 1989).

Holmes, Fred L., Regulation of Railroads and Public Utilities in Wisconsin Koegel, Otto E., Walter S. Carter: Progenitor of Many Law Firms (New York: (New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1915). Round Table Press, 1953).

Howard, Joseph Kinsey, Montana Margins (New Haven: Yale U. Press, 1946). Kolko, Gabriel, Railroads and Regulation, 1877-1916 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1965). Montana: High, Wide and Handsome (New Haven: Yale U.Press, 1943). Triumph of Conservatism (New York: Free Press, 1986).

Hubbard, Silas, John D. Rockefeller and His Career (New York: privately Kuhler, Otto, My Iron Journey: A Life with Steam and Steel (Denver: published, 1904). Intermountain Chapter, National Railway Historical Society, Inc.,1967).

Robert S. Hunt, Law and Locomotives: the Impact of the Railroad on LaFollette, Belle Case, and LaFollette, Fola, Robert M. LaFollette (New York: Wisconsin Law in the Nineteenth Century 3 (1958). The MacMillan Company, 1953).

Hutchens, John K., One Man's Montana: an Informal Portrait of a State (New Lanz, Daniel J., Railroads of Southern & Southwestern Wisconsin (Blanchardville, York: J.B. Lippincott Co., 1964). WI: Ski Printers, 1985).

Johansen, Dorothy and Gates, Charles M., Empire of the Columbia (New York: Lawson, Thomas B., Frenzied Finance (New York: Ridgway-Thayer Co., 1905). Harper & Brothers, 1957). Larrabee, William, The Railroad Question (Chicago: The Schulte Publishing Co., 1893). Montana: Mont. Historical Soc. Press,1992).

Leach, Paul R., That Man Dawes (Chicago: The Reilley & Lee Co., 1930). McCormick, Cyrus, The Century of the Reaper (New York: Houghton, Mifflin Co., 1931). Lewty, Peter J., Across the Columbia Plain: Railroad Expansion in the Interior Northwest, 1885-1893 (Pullman:, Wash. State Univ. Press, 1995). McNelis, Sarah, Copper King at War (Missoula, Montana: University of Montana Press, 1968). Lowenthal, Max, The Investor Pays (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1933). Meinig, D.W. The Great Columbia Plain (Seattle: University of Washington Lucey, Donna M., Photographing Montana 1894-1928 The Life and Work of Press, 1968). Evelyn Cameron (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1991). Merk, Frederick, Economic History of Wisconsin During the Civil War Decade Luecke, John C., Dreams, Disasters and Demise: The Milwaukee Road in (Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin: 1916). Minnesota (Eagan, Minn.: Grenadier Publications, 1988). Miller, Don, and Cohen, Stan, The Big Burn: The Northwest's Great Forest Fire MacBeth, R.G., The Romance of the Canadian Pacific Railway (Toronto: The of 1910 (Missoula, Montana: Pictoral Histories Pub. Co. Inc, 1978). Ryerson Press, 1924). Moody, John, The Masters of Capital (New Haven: Yale U. Press, 1919). MacDonald, Marie Peterson, After Barbed Wire (Glendive, Montana: The Frontier Gateway Museum, 1963). Meyer, B.H., A History of the Northern Securities Case (New York: Da Capo Press, 1972, reprint) Malone, Dumas, Dictionary of American Biography (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1936). Myers, Gutavus, History of the Great American Fortunes (Chicago: Charles H. Kerr & Co., 1911). Malone, Michael, James J. Hill (Norman, OK: U. of Oklahoma Press, 1996). Nelson, Paula M., "Traveling the Hope Highway," in William D. Lang's The Battle for Butte: Mining and Politics on the Northern Frontier, Centennial West: Essays on the Northern Tier of States, (Seattle: 1864-1906 (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1981). University of Washington Press, 1991).

Marcosson, Isaac, Anaconda (New York: Dodd, Mead & Co., Inc., 1957). O'Connor, Richard, Iron Wheels and Broken Men (New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1973). Martin, Albro, James J. Hill & The Opening of the Northwest (St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 1991). Overton, Richard C., Burlington Route (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1965).

Railroads Triumphant (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992). Pensoneau, Taylor, Governor Richard Ogilvie (Carbondale, IL, Southern Illinois University Press, 1997). McCarter, Stephen, Guide to the Milwaukee Road in Montana (Helena, Ploss, Thomas H., The Nation Pays Again (Chicago: privately published, 1984). Riley, C.J., The Golden Age of the Passenger Train (New York: Metro Books, 1997). Supplemental Memoirs (Antioch, Il: Our Publishing Co., 1998). Sanders, Helen Fitzgerald, History of Montana (Chicago and New York: Lewis Pound, Arthur, and Moore, Samuel Taylor, They Told Barron (New York: Publishing Co., 1913). Harper & Brothers, Publishers, 1930). Sanger, Martha Frick Symington, Henry Clay Frick: An Intimate Portrait (New Powell, John W., Report on the Lands of the Arid Region of the United States York: Abbeville Press, 1998). (Washington, D.C.: Gov. Printing Office, 1879). Sarnoff, Paul, Russell Sage: The Money King (New York: Ivan Obolensky, Inc., Pyle, J.G., The Life of James J. Hill (New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1965). 1916). Schafer, Mike, and Welsh, Joe, Classic American Streamliners (Osceola, Quiett, Glenn C., They Built the West (New York: D. Appelton-Century Co., Wisc.: Motorbooks International, 1997). Inc., 1934). Schussler, Edith M., Doctors, Dynamite, and Dogs (Caxton, ID: The Caxton Raban, Jonathan, Bad Land: An American Romance (New York: Pantheon Printers, Ltd., 1956). Books, 1996). Schwantes, Carlos, Railroad Signatures Across the Pacific Northwest (Seattle: Randall, W. David, and William G. Anderson, The Official Pullman-Standard University of Washington Press, 1993). Library: Western Railroads Vol. 15 (Godfrey, Illinois: RPC Publications, Inc., 1994). Scott, Orland, Pioneer Days on the Shadowy St. Joe (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho: Caxton Printers, 1967). Rector, George, The Rector Cookbook, Compliments of the Milwaukee Road (Chicago: Rector Publishing Co., 1928). 173 pp. Scott, Roy V., Railroad Development Programs in the Twentieth Century (Ames, Iowa: Iowa State Univ. Press, 1985). Reid, H., The Virginian Railway (Milwaukee: Kalmbach Pub. Co., 1961). Scribbins, Jim, The Milwaukee Road in Its Hometown (Waukesha, WI: Renz, Louis Tuck, The History of the Northern Pacific Railroad (Fairfield, Kalmbach Books, 1998). WA: Ye Galleon Press, 1980). Milwaukee Road Remembered (Waukesha, WI: Kalmbach Pub. Co., 1990). Rice, Graham L., Biennial Report of the Railroad Commissioner of the State of Wisconsin (Madison, WI: Democrat Printing Company, 1902). The Hiawatha Story (Milwaukee: Kalmbach Publishing Co., 1970).

Riegel, Robert Edgar, The Story of Western Railroads (Lincoln, Neb.: Univ. Shi, David E., Matthew Josephson: Bourgeois Bohemian (New Haven: Yale of Nebraska Press, 1926). University Press, 1981). Smith, Alice E., George Smith’s Money (Madison: State Historical Society of Trails, 1994). Wisconsin, 1966). Timmons, Bascom N., Portrait of an American: Charles G. Dawes (New York: Solheim, Carl W., ed. Hiawatha: First of the Speedliners (Milwaukee: Henry Holt and Company, 1953). Milwaukee Shops, Inc., 1993). Toole, K. Ross, "The Genesis of the Clark-Daly Feud," Montana's Past, Spearman, Frank H., The Strategy of Great Railroads (New York: Charles Selected Essays, Michael Malone and Richard Roeder, editors, Scribner's Sons, 1905). (Missoula, Montana: University of Montana Press, 1973).

Staufer, Alvin F., and Edward L. May, Thoroughbreds: New York Central’s 4-6 Turner, Frederick Jackson, The Frontier in American History (New York: Holt, -4 Hudson, The Most Famous Class of Steam Locomotive in the Rhinehart and Winston, 1920). World (Medina, OH: Alvin F. Staufer, 1974). United States Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1990 (Washington, D.C., US Gov. Printing Office,110th Ed., 1990). Steinheimer, Richard, The Electric Way Across the Mountains (Tiburon, California: Carbarn Press, 1980). United States Geological Survey, Paper 669, The Colorado River Region and John Wesley Powell (Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Stover, John F., American Railroads (Chicago: The U. of Chicago Press, 1961). Office, 1969).

The Life and Decline of American Railroads (New York: Oxford United States Department of Transportation, A Prospectus for Change in the University Press, 1970). Freight Railroad Industry (Washington, D.C., October, 1978).

American Railroads 2nd ed. (Chicago: The U. of Chicago Press, 1993). Final Standards, Classification, and Designation of Class I Railroads in the United States (Washington, D.C., 1977), I. Strouse, Jean, Morgan: American Financier (New York: Random House, 1999). Western Rail Mergers (Washington D.C., 1969). Swaine, Robert T., Corporate Reorganization and the Federal Court (NY: Baker, United States Government Department of Transportation, Federal Railroad Voorhis & Co., 1924). Administration, Office of Research and Development, Observations by U.S. Railroad Delegation of Soviet Electric and Diesel-Electric The Cravath Firm and its Predecessors 1819-1948 (New York: Ad Locomotive Technology (Washington D.C., 1979). Press, Ltd., 1948). United States Government, Eleventh Census of the United States, 1890 Thompson, Slason, A Short History of American Railways (New York: D. (Washington, D.C.: Gov. Printing Office,1891). Appleton & Co., 1925). United States Government, Ninth Census of the United States, 1870 Tigges, John, Milwaukee Road Steam Power (Polo, Illinois: Transportation (Washington, D.C.: Gov. Printing Office,1872). United States Government Interstate Commerce Commission. Transport Wells, Robert M., This is Milwaukee (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday & Co., Statistics of the United States, various years. 1970).

Statistics of the Railways of the United States, various years. Wheeler, A.C., The Chronicles of Milwaukee (Milwaukee: Jermain & Brightman Publishers, 1861). Draft Environmental Impact Statement, Abandonment of Milwaukee Road, Lines West, 1979. Wheeler, Burton K., Yankee from the West (New York: Doubleday & Co., 1962).

United States Railroad Administration. Report of the Railroad Wage White, W. Thomas, "The War of the Railroad Kings," Montana and the West, Commission to the Director General of the Railroads, April 30, 1917. Rex Myers and Harry Fritz, editors. (Boulder, Colorado: Pruett Publishing Co., 1984). United States Senate, An Act to Provide for the Development of Water Power and the Use of Public Lands in Relation Thereto, Transcript of "Protest Movements on the Northern Tier," Centennial West: Essays on the Hearings (Washington, DC, U.S. Gov. Printing Office, 1915). Northern Tier States, William Lang, ed. (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1991). Interest Rates for Carriers, Transcript of Hearings Before the Committee on Interstate Commerce, on S.2929, March 19, 25,and 31, Wilder, Thorton, Pullman Car Hiawatha (London: Buck & Wootton, Ltd, 1931). 1925 (Washington, D.C., US Gov. Printing Office, 1926). Wilkerson, Bill, Class EP-3 (Harlowton, MT: Times Clarion Publishing Co., Investigations of Railroads, Holding Companies and Affiliated 1988). Companies, (Washington, D.C., US Gov. Printing Office, 1938). E57B (Harlowton, MT: Times Clarion Publishing Co., 1986). Veenendaal, Augustus J., Jr., Slow Train to Paradise: How Dutch Investment Helped Build American Railroads (Stanford: Stanford U. Press, 1996). Electric Passenger Locomotives (Harlowton, MT: Times Clarion Publishing Co., ca. 1998). The Saint Paul & Pacific Railroad: an Empire in the Making, 1862- 1879 (DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press, 1999). The Milwaukee Road EF-4 Locomotives (Harlowton, MT: Times Clarion Publishing Co., ca. 1994). Watrous, Lt. Col. Jerome A., Memoirs of Milwaukee County, I & II, (Madison, WI: Western Historical Association, 1909). The Jawbone Railroad (Harlowton, MT: Times Clarion Publishing Co., ca. 1993). Webb, Walter Prescott, The Great Plains (Lincoln, Neb.: Univ. of Neb. Press, 1931, 1959, Bison Books reprint, 1981). Fifty Years of Olympians (Harlowton, MT: Times Clarion Publishing Co., ca. 1996). Weiss, Stuart L., The President’s Man: Leo Crowley and Franklin Roosevelt in Peace and War (Carbondale, Il: Southern Illinois University Press, Winkler, John K., The First Billion: The Stillmans and the National City Bank 1996). (New York: The Vanguard Press, 1934). Winther, Oscar O., The Transportation Frontier: Trans-Mississippi West, Baker, Roy Stannard, "Destiny and the Western Railroad," Century Magazine, 1865- 1890 (Albuquerque, N.M.: Univ. of New Mexico Press, 1964). 75, April, 1908.

Wood, Charles R., and Wood, Dorothy, The Milwaukee Road West (Seattle: Barnes, A.E., "Speaking of Operation," Milwaukee Railway System Employes' Superior Publishing Co., 1971). Magazine, 7:11, February, 1920.

Wordsworth, William, Poems of Wordsworth, Vol. I (New York: P.F. Collier Bearce, W.D., "The 1500-Volt Electrification of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. & Son, 1902). Paul Railway," General Electric Review, 18:7, July, 1915.

Zimmerman, Karl, Domeliners: Yesterday’s Trains of Tomorrow Beeuwkes, R., "Operating Results from the Electrification of the Trunk Line (Waukesha,WI: of the C.M.&St.P. Ry.," General Electric Review, 20:5, May, 1917. Kalmbach Publishing Co., 1998). Bohi, Charles W. and Grant, Roger H., "Country Railroad Stations of the Milwaukee Road and the Chicago & Northwestern in South Dakota," Articles South Dakota History, 9:1, Winter, 1978.

A.G.D., "The Trial Trip," Milwaukee Road Magazine, 23:3, June, 1935. Borak, Arthur M., "The Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway: Recent History of the Last Transcontinental," Journal of Economic and Allen, John L. "The Garden-Desert Continuum: Competing Views of the Great Business History, 3, 1931. Plains During the Nineteenth Century," Great Plains Quarterly, 5:4, Fall, 1985. Braley, Arthur B., "Memoir of John Catlin," Collections of the State Historical Society of Wisconsin, XII (Madison: Democrat Printing Co., 1892). Armstrong, A.H.,"Conservation of Railway Resources," General Electric Review, 20:5, May, 1917. Brown, H.F., "Economic Results of Diesel Electric Motive Power on the Railways of the United States of America," Proceedings of the "Discussion on 'High Voltage DC Railway Practice,'" AIEE Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 175:5 (1961). Transactions, April 14, 1916. Brown, Margaret L., "Asa Whitney and his Pacific Railroad Campaign," "Last Stand of the Reciprocating Steam Engine," General Electric Mississippi Valley Historical Review, XX, 1930. Review, 23:4, April, 1920. Business Week, "Chicago & Northwestern Laying it All oa Line that Could Atwood, Albert, "The Value of the St. Paul Securities," Harper's Weekly, April Make it the No. 1 Midwest Road," November 19, 1984. 11, 1914. "Jolt for the Rails," December 1, 1945. Babcock, Allen, "Mountain Railway Electrification," AIEE Transactions, 1913. "Year for the Rails," December 16, 1944. The Bache Review, “Rights of the American Railway Investor,” May 9, 1925. "Faster and Faster Trains Compete for Coast Traffic," May 14, 1930. Employes' Magazine, 11:3, June, 1924.

"Northern's Merger to Mark Time Until Fall, Ralph Budd Says," April Dellinger, E.S., “Trail of the Olympian.” Railroad Magazine, 52:1, June , 1950. 30, 1930. Dietrich, Donald C., "The Bullet is no More," Milwaukee Road Magazine, "Northerns End Merger Parleys Asking Burlington to Chicago," April 46:2, May-June, 1958. 9, 1930. DeWald, Darrell, "Notes," Lines West Lines, 2:4, Fall, 1991. "Celebrate 8 Years of Cooperation," March 5, 1930. Electric Railway Journal, "Electrical Equipment for the Chicago, Milw. & "Freight Container Coming into Its Own," October 5, 1929. Puget Sound Electrification," January 3, 1914.

Business Today, "Driving that Train: Interview with Drew Lewis," Fall, 1994. "The Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Electrification," Nov/ 21, 1914.

Butler, James D., "Alexander Mitchell, the Financier," Collections of the State Electric Traction Magazine, "1500 Volt Electrification for the Chicago, Historical Society of Wisconsin, XI, (Madison: Democrat Printing Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway," July, 1915. Co., 1888). Electrical World, "Electrification of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul," Clark, Rodney, "The Milwaukee Electrification -- a Proud Era Passes," 62:22, November 29, 1913. Milwaukee Road Magazine, 61:4, July-Aug, 1973. Ely, James W., Jr., “The Railroad Question revisited: Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Cleworth, Marc M., "Twenty Years of Brown County AgRicultural History, Paul Railway v. Minnesota and Constitutional Limits on State 1880-1899," South Dakota Hist. Coll., 17, 1936. Regulations, Great Plains Quarterly, 12, Spring, 1992.

Conant, Michael, "The Future of the Milwaukee Road," ICC Practitioner's Emerson, David, "Pacific Extension," Inland Empire Railway Review, 6, Journal, 45, March-April, 1978. April, 1984.

Congressional Record, Vol. 125, part 21. Comments by Warren Magnuson, Erickson Martin, "The White Gold of the Columbia Basin," Milwaukee Road Senator from Washington State. Magazine, 59:5, Nov.- Dec., 1971.

Cotroneo, Ross, R., "The Great Northern Pacific Plan of 1927," Pacific "The Silk Train Story," Milwaukee Road Magazine, 58:6, January- Northwest Quarterly, 54:3, July, 1963. February, 1971.

Daland, Robert T., "Enactment of the Potter Law," Wisconsin Magazine of Escher, Franklin, "St. Paul's Invasion of the Northwest Territory," Harper's History, 33:1, September, 1949. Weekly, 54, February 12, 1910.

Davis, C.M., "Electric Power for Electric Railways," Milwaukee Road Feist, Joe Michael, "Railways and Politics: The Russian Diary of George Gibbs, 1917," Wisconsin Magazine of History, 62:3, Spring, 1979. Griffin, J.S. "The Great Lakes in Relation to the Railroad Development of Northern Wisconsin," Proceedings, State Historical Society of Ferguson, Tim W., “Imports Ahoy!” Forbes Magazine, September 9, 1996. Wisconsin (Madison: Democrat Printing Co., 1899).

Flower, Elliott, “Opening Up the Northwest: A Record in Railroad Building on Hamburg, James F., "Railroads and the Settlement of South Dakota During the the Latest Line to the Pacific Coast,” Putnam’s Magazine, July, 1909. Great Dakota Boom, 1878-1887," South Dakota History, 5:2, Spring, 1975. Forbes Magazine, "The Long Shot," September 1, 1973. Hammer, Kenneth M., "Come to God's Country: Promotional Efforts in Dakota "No Visible Means of Support," June 15, 1975. Territory, 1861-1889," South Dakota History, 10:4, Fall, 1980.

"The Mal-waukee Road?," July 1, 1975. Hammer, Les, “Thrills and Chills on the Milwawukee Road: Danger Lights is a Fortune, "Power to Burn," 31:2, February, 1945. Memorable Thriller from Hollywood’s Talkie Era,” Classic Freidlander, Gordon D., "The Development of Railroad Electrification," The Trains, Fall, 2001, 32-39. National Railway Historical Soc Bull, 34:2, 1969. Hansen, Peter A., “Give the People a Monument,” Trains, April, 1999. Gambill, Lionel, “Sweet Ride,” Model Railroader, April, 1996. Hare, K.R., "St. Paul to Electrify Over Cascade Mountains," General Electric Gates, Paul Wallace, “The Homestead Law in an Incongruous Land System," Review, 20:5, May, 1917. The American Historical Review (July, 1936), p. 662-681. Hargreaves, Mary, "Hardy Webster Campbell (1850-1937)," Agricultural General Electric Co., “The Electric Divisions of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. History, 32:63, January, 1958. Paul Railway,” GE Bull. GEA 150, Oct.,1925. Hebgen, Max, "Water Power Development of the Great Falls Power Co., “An Epoch in Railway Electrification,” Bull. 44913, July, 1916. 30pp. Montana," Gen. Elec. Rev., 14:5, May, 1911.

Goe, Michael J., "The Wisconsin Dust Bowl," Wisconsin Magazine of History Henderson, Dean, “On the Wrong Track: Corporate Profile Burlington 72:3, Spring, 1990. Northern,” International Monitor, March, 1993.

Goodnow, C.A., "Electrifying the Puget Sound," Milwaukee Railway System Hidy, Ralph W. and Hidy, Muriel E., "John Frank Stevens: Great Northern Employes' Magazine, 1:3, June, 1913. Engineer," Minnesota History, 41:8, Winter, 1969.

Green, Vernon L., "High Speed Passenger Car Trucks," Milwaukee Road Holton, Edward D., "Commercial History of Milwaukee," Collections of the Magazine, 33:12, March, 1946. State Historical Society of Wisconsin, IV (Madison: Wisconsin State Historical Society, 1906). Hyland, William G., "Foreign Affairs at 70," Foreign Affairs, 71:4, Fall, 1992. Kendall, Carpenter, "The Story of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway," Milwaukee Employes' Magazine, 8:8, November, 1920. Hudson, John C., "Towns of the Western Railroads," Great Plains Quarterly, 2:1, Winter, 1982. "The Handwriting on the Wall," Milwaukee Railway System Employes' Magazine, 3:11, Feb., 1916. "Railroads and Urbanization in the Northwestern States," Centennial West: Essays on the Northern Tier of States, William Lang, ed. Kiley, John P., "Progress Report," Milwaukee Road Magazine, 42:8 Nov.1954. (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1991). Klepper, Don, "Midnight Calamity at Saugus," Lines West Lines, 2:4, Fall, 1991. Ingles, David J., "The Plain Vanilla Railroad Ingests Some Orange Sherbet," Trains Magazine, 47:1, November, 1986. Klug, Adam, John Landon-Lane, and Eugene N. White, “How Could Everyone Have Been So Wrong? Forecasting the Great ICC News, “ICC Finds Employee-Shipper Ownership Plan for Milwaukee Depression with the Railroads,", Explorations in Economic History , Railroad Not Feasible,” December 31, 1979. Volume 42, Issue 1 , January 2005, Pages 27-55. Johnson, Carrie, "Electric Power, Copper, and John D. Ryan," Montana the Kooistra, Blair, "Tacoma Hill, Slugs, and Mr. Clean," Trains Magazine, 38:5, Magazine of Western History, 38:4, Autumn,1988. March, 1978. Johnson, E.S., "The First 3000-Volt Locomotive for the Chicago, Milwaukee "How the Milwaukee Road Packed Up and Went Home from the West," & St. Paul Railway Company," General Electric Review, 18:11, Trains Magazine, 40:11,Sept, 1980. November, 1915. Lapham, Lewis, "Notebook," Harper's Magazine, January, 1994. Johnson, Gregory S., "Railroads Backtracking? As Freight Picks up Steam, Many Wish They'd Kept Their Old Lines," Journal of Commerce, La Vie Rail, "Le Milwaukee Abandonne L'Electricite," 1412, October 14, 1973. reprinted in Missoulian, November 23, 1994. Libby, Orin Grant, "The Significance of the Lead and Shot Trade in Early Johnson, Virginia Weisel, "Tough Taft Boom Town," Montana the Magazine Wisconsin History," Collections of the Historical Society of Wisconsin, of Western History, 32:4, Autumn, 1982. XIII (Madison: Democrat Printing Co., 1895). Jonasson, Gordon, “Remarks to Milwaukee Road Historical Society,” Literary Digest, "St. Paul's Electrification System," April 15, 1916. Milwaukee Railroader, December, 1988. "The Electrification of the St. Paul Road," March 3, 1917. Jonasson, Jonas A., "They Rode the Trains," Pacific Northwest Quarterly, 52:2, April, 1961. "Over the Rockies by Electricity," May 23, 1914. Judy, S.S. and Robinson, Will, "Early History of Sandborn County," "The St. Paul Failure," March 28, 1925. Collections, South Dakota Hist. Soc., XVII,1952. Lord, Clifford, "Chats with the Editor," Wisconsin Magazine of History, 26:3, Milwaukee Railway System Employes' Magazine, various issues. March, 1943. Milwaukee Road Magazine, various issues. "Chats with the Editor," Wisconsin Magazine of History, 27:3, March, 1944. Minnesota History, "Review of Books: An Engineer's Recollections, by John Stevens," 16:4, December, 1935. Malone, Michael, "The Gallatin Canyon and the Tides of History," Montana the Magazine of Western History, 23:3,Summer, 1973. Montana Farmer-Stockman, "20% of Montana Rail Line Candidate for Abandonment," 64:12, June 2, 1977. Martin, Dale, "Railroading on the Great Divide," Montana the Magazine of Western History, 43:2, Spring, 1992. "Grain Growers Concerned by Bankruptcy," 66:3, October 5, 1978.

Martin, T. Commerford, "Edison's Pioneering Electric Railway Work," Moody's Manual of Investments, various years. Scientific American, 105:21, November 18, 1911. Morgan, David P., "Tom Swift Takes his Last Ride," Trains Magazine, 33:9, Matthews, Allan, "A Railroad Town Heals its Wounds," Columbiana, 2:2, July, 1973. Summer, 1988. Mueller, Brent G., “Snoqualmie Pass: Milwaukee Road’s Gateway to Puget Meany, Edmond S., "Origin of Washington Geographic Names," Washington Sound,” Milwaukee Railroader, First Quarter, 1999. Historical Quarterly, 11:1, January, 1920, 12:2, April, 1921. Ogden, C.W., "A World Afire: Heroes in the Burning of the Northwest Forests," Mercier, Laurie, "I Worked for the Railroad: Oral Histories of Montana Everybody's Magazine, Dec., 1910. Railroaders, 1910-1950," Montana the Magazine of Western History, 33:3, Summer, 1983. Peterson, Harold F., "Early Minnesota Railroads and the Quest for Settlers," Minnesota History, 13:1, March,1932. Mergers & Acquisitions, "Burlington Northern is Fine as It is," 9:3, Fall, 1974. Pomroy, John, "After the St. Paul Receivership -- What?" The Magazine of Wall Meyer, Balthasar Henry, "A History of Early Railroad Legislation in Street, 38, May 22, 1926. Wisconsin," Wisconsin Historical Collections, XIV (Madison: Democrat Printing Co., 1898). Potter, William B., "Discussion on 'High Voltage DC Railway Practice,'" AIEE Transactions, April 14, 1916. “A History of the Northern Securities Case,” Bulletin of the University of Wisconsin No. 142, Economics and Political Science Series, 1:3, pp. Pyfer, Jerry, "The Part of Railroading I Could Do Without," Trains Magazine, 215-350, 1906. 53:12, December, 1992.

Miller, Walter C., "We Helped Film Timberjack," Milwaukee Road Magazine, Rail Classics, "An Electrifying Museum Piece," 7:2, March, 1978. 43:1, January, 1955. Railway Age, "Will Sprint Finish in the Money?" October 29, 1979. Schafer, Joseph, "Praying for Rain -- Droughts in Wisconsin," Wisconsin Magazine of History, 20:3, March, 1937. "MR Assets Set At $832 Million," June 8, 1979. Schmidt, W.H. Jr., "The Singular Milwaukee -- a Profile," Railroad History, "Intermodal: A Test of Its Pulling Power," May 29, 1978. 136, Spring, 1977.

"It's Time to get the Western Rail Merger Movement Moving," June Show, Lynn, "A Conversation with the Chairman," Milwaukee Road Magazine, 30, 1975. 66:1, First Quarter, 1977.

"The Fuel Squeeze and What it Could Mean," October 29, 1973. Schurz, Carl, "Intimate Letters of Carl Schurz, 1841-1869," Collections of the State Historical Soc.of Wisc., XXX, 1928. "ICC Seeks Power to Watch Rail HC's," October 27, 1973. Schwantes, Carlos A., "Landscapes of Opportunity: Phases of Railroad "UP Delays Milwaukee Entry into Portland," December 28, 1970. Promotion of the Pacific Northwest," Montana the Magazine of Western History, 43:2, Spring, 1993. "High and Wides in the Milwaukee's First Hundred Years," Nov. 11, 1950. “Albert J. Earling” Business History and Biography

"Settlers," May 30, 1925. "The Milwaukee Road's Pacific Extension, 1909-1929," Pacific Northwest Quarterly, 72:1, Jan. 1981. “St. Paul’s Electrification Shows Economies over Steam,” February, 1925. Scientific American, "A 113 Mile Electrification of a Steam Railroad," 111:22, May 30, 1914. Ralph, Julian, "Montana: The Treasure State," Harper's New Monthly Magazine, June, 1892. "Edison's New Electrical Railway," 92:23, June 5, 1880.

Raney, William F. "The Building of Wisconsin Railroads," Wisconsin "Three Thousand Volt Electric Locomotives for the Chicago, Magazine of History, 19:4, June, 1936. Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway," 113:391, November 6, 1915.

Renshaw, Clarence, "High Voltage DC Railway Practice," AIEE Transactions, Scribbins, Jim, “S.O.R.E.: How it Got Started and Why,” Milwaukee Railroader April 14, 1916. First Quarter, 1994.

Rice, Herbert W., "Early Rivalry among Wisconsin Cities for Railroads," Wisc. “Interview with John Burdakin, Grand Trunk Railroad President,” Mag. of History, 35:1, Autumn, 1951. Milwaukee Railroader, Sept. 1988.

Saby, Rasmus S., "Railroad Legislation in Minnesota: 1843 to 1875," “Interview with Curtis Crippen,” Milwaukee Railroader, Dec.,1989. Collections of the Minnesota Hist. Soc., XV, May, 1915. “The Milwaukee Road in Illinois,” Milwaukee Railroader, Dec., 1989. State Historical Society of Wisconsin, XII (Madison: Democrat Printing Co., 1892). SEC Digest, "Milwaukee Consent Decrees Signed," June 15, 1976. Trains Magazine, "Quote of the Month," 33:12, October, 1973. Smith, Alice E., "Wisconsin's First Railroad: The Linsley Letters, 1852," Wisconsin Mag. of History, 30:3, March, 1947. "Arrivals and Departures," 38:5, March, 1978.

Sol, Michael, "A Milwaukee Road Historical Note," Lines West Lines, 3:1, "Milwaukee Road: 'Out of Time,'" 38:5, March, 1978. Spring, 1992. "Where did the Milwaukee Go?" 42:4, February, 1982. Spearman, Frank H., "The Great American Desert," Harper's New Monthly Magazine, 77:19, 1888. “The Month: Hiawathas to Use Diesels,” 1:7, May, 1941.

Sprague, Frank, "Comments on 'High Voltage D-C Railway Practice'", AIEE Time Magazine, "Milestones: Brooks Stevens," January 16, 1995. Transactions, April 14, 1916. Treleven, Dale E., “Railroads, Elevators, and Grain Dealers,” Wisconsin Magazine Stevens, Brooks, “Designing the Ultimate Milwaukee Road Streamliner: the of History, 52:3, Spring, 1969. Olympian Hiawatha,” Milwaukee Railroader,27:3, 3rd Q., 1997. Van West, Carroll, "The Milwaukee Road Corridor," Montana the Magazine Stone, I.F., "Fumbling with I.G. Farben," Nation, 160:1, January 6, 1945. of Western History, 36:4, Autumn, 1986.

"Washington Notes," Nation, 159:23, December 2, 1944. Warner, Paul T., “The Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad,” Pacific Railway Journal 2:6, June, 1958, as reprinted from "The Test of Crowley," Nation, 158:9, February 26, 1944. “Locomotives of the Milwaukee Road,” Baldwin Locomotive Magazine, Oct., 1930 and Jan., 1931. "The Cartel's Washington Friends," Nation, 158:8, February 19, 1944. Waugh, George E., "O'Brien's Review of the Editor's Article on the Electric Swergal, Edwin, "Snoqualmie Pass," Milwaukee Road Magazine, 34:10, Locomotive," Milwaukee Railway System Employe's Magazine, 4:3, December, 1946. June, 1916.

"The Bitterroot Range," Milwaukee Road Magazine, 34:12, March, Wetzel, Betty, "Coming Home to Roundup," Montana Magazine, 60, July- 1947. August, 1983.

Swett, Ira L., "Montana's Trolley's -- III," Interurbans Magazine, 27, Spring, White, Helen McCann, "Minnesota, Montana and Manifest Destiny," Minnesota 1970. History, 38:2, June, 1962.

Thwaites, Reuben G., "The Story of the Black Hawk War," Collections of the Williams, Charles W., “Through to the Coast,” Bankers Magazine, May, 1910. Withun, Bill, “Did We Scrap Steam Too Soon?” Trains Magazine, June, 1974. Montana: It's Resources and Opportunities (1912) The Magnificent Montana Canyon (1914). Woody, Frank, "A Sketch of the Early History of Western Montana," Montana F.A. Miller, “The Trail of the Olympian, 2000 Miles of Scenic Contributions, II. Splendor, Chicago to Puget Sound.” (1914) A Memory Book of Pictures: From Lake Michigan to the Puget Sound World's Work, "Crossing the Great Divide by Electricity," 15, April, 1908. (1914). Meagher County, Montana (1913). Wroolie, T.S.V., "An Immigrant's Memories," Wisconsin Magazine of History, The Missoula and Blackfoot Valleys (1914). 30:4, June, 1947. The Granary of the Northwest (Jan., 1916). California: Winter’s Summer Garden (ca. 1916) 24 pp. Wylie, L.W., "Improvements in the Design, Maintenance, and Operation of the Colorado (ca. 1916). Milwaukee Road Electrification," AIEE Conference Paper, 1956. The Dawn of the Electrical Era in Railroading (1916). Montana (1917). "Multiple Unit Operation of Diesel and Electric Locomotives on the Milwaukee Road," AIEE Transactions, November, 1959. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railway Co.

Zellick, Anna, "Fire in the Hole," Montana the Magazine of Western History, The Judith Basin and Central Montana (1927). 40:2, Spring, 1990. The Pacific Northwest and Alaska via the World’s Longest Electrified Railroad (1928) Pamphlets Pacific Northwest Holiday (1947). A Brief History ... the Milwaukee Road (1967). Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Co. Chicago and Northwestern Railroad Co. Dakota, Land of Promise (1882). Tourist's Guide (1889). The Early History and Rapid Progress of that Wonderland of Central Reconnaissance of the Golden Northwest (1883). Dakota (n.d.) $33 to the Pacific Coast (1905). Government Lands of Central Dakota (n.d.) Three Forks Country, Montana (1905). Many Acres Open to Settlers (1907). Montana Experiment Station Government Homesteads and How to Secure Them (1907). Fergus County, Montana (1908). Farm Mortgage Loan Experience, 1939. Washington (Chicago: Poole Bros., 1910). The Deer Lodge Valley (1911). South Dakota Commission of Immigration The Musselshell Country (1911). The Smith River Valley (1907). 1890, Facts about South Dakota: An Official Encyclopedia (1890). The Rediscovery of America: a story of farm-making, the biggest business in the world,” (Chicago: Poole Bros., 1910) Newspapers Bylines Soars," Journal of Commerce, Nov. 16, 1994. Jonas, Paul, "Ten Years Later ... BN Merger Still Debated," Livingston Beck, Carla, "Ex-employee: Milwaukee Needn't be at End of Line," Great Falls Enterprise, March 6, 1980. Tribune, November 30, 1978. Jones, Dennis, "Lack of Rail Cars Threatens Firm," Missoulian, June 22, 1980. Cropper, Carol Marie, “Union Pacific Give Rival Some Track Rights to End Jouzaitis, Carol "Milwaukee Road on Uncertain Track," Chicago Tribune, Jam,” New York Times, Feb. 14, 1998, B1. February 11, 1985. Cummings, Sam, "Giant's Clutches," Missoulian, June 11, 1987. "Full Speed Ahead for C&NW Chief," Chicago Tribune, March 28, Darr, Al, "40 Years Railroading Didn't Sap Coombs' Voltage," Missoulian, 1985. January 10, 1971. "Soo Line Chief on Fast Track with Takeover," Chicago Tribune, "Milwaukee Salutes Long Electric Era," Montana Standard, October October 21, 1985. 21, 1973. "Milwaukee Road's Reorganization Set," Chicago Tribune, November Dawson, Patrick, "Why Couldn't the Workers Take it Over," Billings Gazette, 26, 1985. October 1, 1978. and Crawford, William, "Ogilvie Wins $3 Million Trustee Bonus," Delaney, Steve, "Business as Usual," Missoulian, December 12, 1988. Chicago Tribune, June 6, 1986. Elkin, Larry, "Montana Standing Alone in Milwaukee Fight," Missoulian, Kaberon, Seth, "$4.5 Million in Fees Sought by Ogilvie," Chicago Law August 16, 1979. Bulletin, August 30, 1985. "Milwaukee Trains make Final Runs as Rescue Efforts Go On," Great Kaufman, Larry, "Inside Talk," Journal of Commerce, February 8, 1995. Falls Tribune, March 2, 1980. Kotynski, Tom, "Sentimental Journey Sees End to Electric Era," Great Falls "Potlatch Purchase New Factor In Governor's Plans," Missoulian June Tribune, October 20, 1973. 12, 1980. Krim, Jonathan, "Milwaukee Road not a Lost Cause," Missoulian, February 14, Eklund, Laurence C., "Adviser to the Presidents," Milwaukee Journal, August 1978. 17-20, 1968. (series). Laceky, Tom, Associated Press, “Little about Business of Farming and Ranching Gadberry, Greg, "It Came as a Gambler and it Lost," Montana Kaimin, July 2, is Likely to Remain the Same,” Missoulian, October 17, 1999. 1981. Layton, Mike, "Spellman Asks Federal Aid for Milwaukee Road," Seattle Post- Gardner, Virginia, Chicago Tribune, July 14, 1935. Intelligencer, December 6, 1979. Gransberry, Jim, "Lack of Competition in Railroad Service Hurts State Lee, Glenn Jr., "Ray, Carter Rapped for Milwaukee Stand," Tri-City Herald, Shippers," Missoulian, October 20, 1986. March 3, 1980. ""BN Rate Gap: Montana's Captive Grain Shippers Paying the Loranger, Carrie, "Commission to Rehab Railway Track," Wisconsin State Freight," Billings Gazette, March 5,1995. Journal, April 29, 1991. Hahn, Margie, "Weekly Column" Mineral Independent, March 3, 1991. Ludwig, Jim, "Should Old Rail Line Have Been Abandoned?" Missoulian, Jackson, Steve, "Competition -- the Key to State Grain Shipping Problems?" November 23, 1988. Livingston Enterprise, Sept. 8, 1979. "Second Chance," Missoulian, August 9, 1987. Johnson, Bruce, "Milwaukee Needed, Say Port People," The Tacoma News Machalaba, Daniel, “Union Pacific Faces Undoing of Part of Merger,” Wall Tribune, November 25, 1979. Street Journal, Feb. 9, 1998, A3. "Milwaukee Needs Big Money," The Tacoma News Tribune, Moes, Garry J., "State Sees Little Hope of Halting Railroad Closure," November 25, 1979. Missoulian, March 3, 1980. Johnson, Gregory S., "Abandoned Tracks Looking Useful as Freight Volume "Montana Files Antitrust Suit Against BN," Missoulian, May 3, 1980. Obituary, "Industrial Designer Books Stevens, 83," Chicago Tribune, January 6, 1995. Aberdeen Daily World, October 26, 1973. O'Connor, Matt, "New Carrier Will Acquire Soo Division," Chicago Tribune, Anaconda Standard, December 9, 1915. November 16, 1916. December 11, 1915. April 4, 1987. December 1, 1915, November 14, 1915. November 27, 1916. January 27, 1917. O'Gara, Geoffrey, "Milwaukee Road Reprieve Likely ... For Now," High November 27, 1916. November 22, 1926. December 12, 1916. Country News, November 2, 1979. The Anti-Monopolist, March 11, 1875. Possley, Maurice, "Senior Judge to Retire from Federal Bench," Chicago Associated Press, December 8, 1998. Tribune, May 17, 1985. Avant Courier, March 14, 1873. Ramsey, Bruce, "Loss of Railroad "May Hurt Port'", Seattle Post-Intelligencer, Billings Daily Journal, December 26, 1906. November 12, 1979. Billings Gazette, February 13, 1955. February 11, 1977. October 1, 1978. January Rinehart, Carolyn, "The Tunnel Keepers of East Portal," Missoulian, February 5, 1980. 4, 1972. Bozeman Trail, September 28, 1978. Sawyers, June, "The Streets Where History Lives," Chicago Tribune, April 17, Bozeman Daily Chronicle, June 30, 1925, July 2, 1925, June 17, 1927. 1989. Butte Intermountain, July 29, 1908. December 16, 1908. November 18, 1905. Schwanke, Lynn, "Farewell Little Joes," Missoulian, October 21, 1973. Butte Miner, April 3, 1907. August 19, 1907. December 9, 1915. November 22, Schwennesen, Don, "Outspoken Railroader Lets off some Steam," Missoulian, 1926. Nov. 23, 1916. Nov. 21, 1926. February 13, 1976. Butte Weekly Miner, February 17, 1880. Smith, Steve, "That Old Fast Freight is Slowed by Bad Track," Missoulian, Butte Standard, July 4, 1939. September 1, 1978. Cleveland Plain Dealer, December 11, 1926. Sol, Michael, "Milwaukee Road Shouldn't Dump Electrics," Missoulian, April Everett Herald, November 3, 1979. 18, 1974. Fergus County Argus, March 8, 1907. April 10, 1908. April 17, 1909. June 26, "Milwaukee Should Remain as a Viable Competitor," Missoulian, 1908. March 3, 1911. January 27, 1978. Grant County Herald, April 8, 1843. December 25, 1848. "BN's History Here one of Betrayal and Arrogance," Missoulian, Great Falls Leader, August 8, 1906. March 20, 1907. March 21, 1907. January 8, 1986. Great Falls Tribune, August 9, 1906. December 9, 1915. November 14, 1915. June Special Correspondent, "Mitchell and Merrill: Railroad Giants of the Great 18, 1913. August 9, 1906. September17, 1978. November 30, 1978. January 3, Northwest," Boston Sunday Herald, December 10, 1882. 1980. White, Jerran, "Deer Lodge Final Stop for Last Electric Engine," Missoulian, Havre Plaindealer, April 15, 1917. July 5, 1917. September 1, 1975. Harlowton Times-Clarion, December 22, 1977. Wiedrich, Bob, "South Dakota Helps Put its Rail System Back on Track," Helena Independent, February 17, 1880. October 29, 1875. July 20, 1875. May 31, Journal of Commerce, September 20, 1990. 1907. August 2, 1907. December 11,1905. May 19, 1909. August 2, 1911. Woehler, Bob, "Milwaukee Closed; 35 Othelloans Jobless," Tri-City Herald, High Country News, October 11, 1978. November 1, 1979. Kalispell Bee, September 11, 1906. Ziemba, Stanley, and Edelhart, Courtney, "Amtrak Set to Slash Service," Kalispell Interlake, August 16, 1955. Chicago Tribune, December 15, 1994. Livingston Enterprise, September 8, 1979. Milwaukee Sentinel. Non-byline Missoulian, February 19, 1906, June 29, 1925, July 10, 1925, July 27, 1960. June 2, 1908. June 25, 1908. November 21, 1923. January 19,1985. July 6, 1908. Abbey, Wallace W., Director of Corporate Communications, Milwaukee Road. January 28, 1907. July 16, 1908. August 22, 1908, March 18, 1973. January 31, 1978. January 20, 1978. September 23, 1978. April 24, 1979. May 2, 1979. Applegate, Rick. Director, Center for Balanced Transportation. May 3, 1979. June 2, 1979. October 22, 1979. November 1, 1979. October 30, 1979. January 1, 1980. April 11, 1980. December 16, 1979. May 2, 1980. Baucus, Max, US Senator, Montana. June 26, 1980. October 29, 1980. December 5, 1990. Missoula Herald, April 8, 1908. May 12, 1906. August 16, 1906. August 25, Bickford, Warren R., Montana Power Company Industrial Marketing Specialist. 1906. October 27, 1906. May 14, 1908. December 28, 1906. December 13, 1907. December 18, 1907. May 16, 1908. June 29, 1906.December 19, 1907. Crippen, Curtis, President, Milwaukee Road. April 12, 1906. January 24, 1907. December 24, 1906. January 24, 1907. June 9, 1906. May 12, 1906. DeWald, Darrell, Conductor, Milwaukee Road. Montana Standard, July 13, 1954. New Northwest, December 23, 1870. February 17, 1871. Dilley, C.C., Personal Communications. Dilley was head of the Milwaukee's public New York Times, February 8, 1970. relations department, vice president of passenger services, and had been the Northwest Gazette and Galena Advertiser, January 29, 1842. last manager of the Gallatin Gateway Inn before the Milwaukee sold it. The Pioneer, October 12, 1872. Press and Dakotan, November 22, 1883. Erickson, Martin L., Public Relations Officer, Milwaukee Road. Ravalli Republic, June 22, 1906. Republican, December 31, 1849. Frazier. G.W., Electrical Engineer, Milwaukee Road. St. Anthony Falls Democrat, February 11, 1870. St. Paul Press, February 26, 1875. Garelick, Marty, Vice President, Operations, Milwaukee Road. St. Paul Daily Pioneer, February 17, 1875. St. Paul Daily Dispatch, January 19, 1875. Gratz, Adam, Engineer, Milwaukee Road. Semi-Weekly Independent, December 8, 1905. January 5, 1907. Sentinel and Gazette, October 23, 1841. April 14, 1848. Green, Marc, Director of Publicity, Milwaukee Road. Silver State Post, November 14, 1906. December 20, 1974. December 4, 1975. September 7, 1978. Jan. 25, 1979. Laws, R.N., Retired substation operator and foreman, Milwaukee Road Spokesman-Review, April 10, 1988. June 29, 1987. April 29, 1987. Electrification Department. Stockgrower's Journal, December 26, 1905. Tri-City Herald, March 28, 1979. Lile, E.C., Substation Operator Wall Street Journal, February 13, 1961. May 9, 1973. Jan. 6, 1978. Jan 20, 1978. Magnuson, Warren, US Senator, Washington State. Wibaux Pioneer, September 22, 1911. Wisconsin Herald, June 10, 1848. Miller, David, Accountant, ICC Office of Rail Public Counsel. Wisconsin State Journal, November 29, 1991. McMillen, Thomas, US Federal District Judge. Interviews or Communications Morgan, H.R., Retired Chief Electrical Engineer, Milwaukee Road. Abbey, Wallace, to Sol correspondence, various dates.

Ploss, Thomas H., Milwaukee Road General Attorney. Alnes, Steven, "The Milwaukee Road in Bankruptcy Court," Upper Midwest Council, July 26, 1979. Reynolds, Glenn, Vice-President, Marketing, Milwaukee Road. Anaconda Copper Mining Co., Financial Records, 1917, SC #84, 1917, K. Ross Rush, Henri, Office of Rail Public Counsel, Interstate Commerce Commission. Toole Archives, Mansfield Library, University of Montana at Missoula.

Schmechel, Paul. President, Montana Power Company. Anaconda Forest Products Records, Series 57, K. Ross Toole Archives, Mansfield Library, University of Montana at Missoula. (Includes Big Donald Schrantz, Burlington Northern maintenance worker. Blackfoot Milling Co.).

Satake, James, Conductor, Milwaukee Road. Applegate, Rick, to Sol correspondence, various dates.

Schnoes, Robert, Vice Chairman, IC Industries, Chicago, Illinois. John W. Barriger III Manuscript Collection, John W. Barriger III National Railroad Library, St. Louis Mercantile Library, University of Missouri Simpson, Fred, Vice-President, Montana Rail Link. Former asst. Vice President, Milwaukee Road. at St. Louis.

Smith, Worthington. President, Milwaukee Road. Booz, Allen & Hamilton, "The Milwaukee Road Strategic Planning Studies," May, 1979. Volumes I-IV. Therriault, Harold, Engineer, Milwaukee Road. Borak, Arthur, “The Financial History of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Torpin, Q.W., General Manager Lines West, Milwaukee Road. Railway Co.,” PhD Dissertation, University of Minnesota, 1929.

Wood, Dick, Shipping Agent, Champion International Corporation, Missoula, Bureau of Railway Research, Archives, University of Missouri,Mercantile Montana. Library, St. Louis, Missouri.

Wylie, Donald, Retired Assistant Engineer Signals and Communications, Chicago-Milwaukee Corporation Collection, St. Louis Mercantile Library, Milwaukee Road. University of Missouri at St. Louis.

Wylie, L.W., Retired Superintendent, Milwaukee Road's Coast Division; Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Co. Papers, 1844-1954, State retired chief Electrical Engineer. Historical Society of Wisconsin, Madison Wisconsin.

Consulting Center, "Assessment of the Financial Sustainability of the SORE Dissertations, Manuscripts and Other Sources Lines West Proposal," July 2, 1979. Coverdale & Colpitts Consulting Engineers, “Report on the Chicago, Ph.D. Dissertation, 1968. Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Company,” March 16, 1925. “Gallatin Gateway Inn,” promotional pamphlet, ca. 1996.

Crippen, Curtis, to Sol, oral communications, various dates. Garelick, Marty, to Sol Correspondence, various dates.

Cruikshank, Paul, "Verified Statement," In re the Reorganization of the General Electric Company, "Operating Manual for BiPolar Electric Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Co., Exhibit AB-7 Locomotives," 1928. (Sub, No. 86F). "Proposal for Completion of the Electrified Railway Portion of the To Sol, Personal correspondence, various dates. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Co.," March 20, 1972. Asahel Curtis Collection, Washington State Historical Society, Tacoma, Washington. Gratz, Adam, Photograph Collection, courtesy of Mrs. Adam Gratz and Barbara Seaman. Dalich, C.A., "Dryland Farming and Promotion in Montana," M.A. Thesis, University of Montana, 1968. Hakola, John W., "Samuel T. Hauser and the Economic Development of Montana: A Case Study in Nineteenth Century Frontier Capitalism," Dickman, H., “James Jerome Hill and the Agricultural Development of the Ph.D. Thesis, Indiana University, 1961. Northwest,” PhD Thesis, U. of Michigan, 1977. Harnsberger, John L., "Jay Cooke and Minnesota: The Formative Years of the Dilley, C.C., to Sol, correspondence, various dates. Northern Pacific Railroad 1866-1873," Ph.D. Thesis, University of Minnesota, 1956. Director’s Minutes, Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Co., Milwaukee Road Collection, Milwaukee Public Library, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Hill Papers, James J. Hill Reference Library, St. Paul, Minnesota.

Albert Earling Family Papers, Golda Meir Library, University of Wisconsin Johnson, F.H., "The Milwaukee Road in Montana" Manuscript Collection, Milwaukee. Montana Historical Society, 1935.

Norman Emmons Collected Papers, Golda Meir Library, University of Johnson, Philip C., Photograph Collection. Also, Collected Materials. K. Ross Wisconsin Milwaukee. (Russell Sage materials). Toole Archives, University of Montana Mansfield Library.

Ford, Bacon and Davis Construction Co., "Liquidation Value of the Chicago, Leighton, Douglas F., “The Corporate History of the Montana Power Company, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad," November 29, 1978. 1882-1913,” Master’s Thesis, 1951, Montana State University (University of Montana, Montana Collection). Gallamore, Robert, "Railroad Mergers: Costs, Competition, and the Future Organization of the American Railroad Industry," Harvard University, Lodge, A.E., ICC Docket 17021, CM&St.P Ry Exhibit #67, “History of the Location and Construction of the Lines West of Mobridge, South 1970," Master's Thesis, University of Montana, 1972. Dakota, of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway. 175 pp. National City Company, “The Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway,” 1923, Lowenthal, Max. Personal and Professional Papers. Elmer L. Anderson Library, 24 pp., located in J.W. Barriger III, Personal File, Barriger Collection, University of Minnesota at St. Paul. Mercantile Library, St. Louis, MO.

Lowenthal, Max. Freedom of Information Act, Federal Bureau of Investigation Ploss, Thomas H., "Opening Brief of Trustee," Burlington Northern, Inc. – file. 3,400 pp. Control and Merger -- St. Louis - San Francisco Railway Co., ICC FD 28582, August 10, 1979. McGovern, Senator George, oral communications to Sol, various dates. "Reply Brief of Trustee," ibid, September 14, 1979. McMillen, Thomas, Federal District Judge, Letter to Thomas H. Ploss, April 27, 2001. Original courtesy of Thomas H. Ploss. Thomas H. Ploss Research Materials Collection, State Historical Society of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. McMillen to Sol Correspondence. Various dates. SEC Deposition of Worthington L. Smith SEC Deposition of William J. Quinn Miller, George H., “The Granger Laws: A Study of the Origins of State Railway SEC Deposition of Curtiss Crippen Control in the Upper Mississippi Valley,” PhD Dissertation, University SEC Deposition of R.F. Kratochwill of Michigan, 1951. ICC Testimony of William J. Quinn

Milwaukee Road Construction Engineer Photograph Albums, Montana State Ploss, Thomas, to Sol correspondence, various dates. Historical Society, Helena, Montana. Reynolds, Glenn F., "Verified Statement," In re the Reorganization of the Milwaukee Road Electrification Glass Plate Negative Collection. Milwaukee Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Co., Exhibit AB-7 Road Electrification Department, Tacoma, Washington. (Sub, No. 86F).

Milwaukee Road Electrification Department, Records. Office of Electrical Rice, Herbert W., “Early History of the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway Engineer, Tacoma, Washington. Co., “ PhD Dissertation, State University of Iowa, 1938.

Milwaukee Road Records. Miscellaneous records, passenger department, Ridgley, Ronald Howell, "Railroads and the Development of the Dakotas: Public Relations Department. 1872-1914," Ph.D. Thesis, Indiana Univ.1967.

Milwaukee Road Photograph collections. Milwaukee Road Department of Rockefeller Archive Center, North Tarrytown, New York. Letters and files of Public John D. Rockefeller and John D. Rockefeller, Jr. regarding the Relations, Chicago and Seattle. Milwaukee Road, 1905-1935. Record Group 2, Office of the Messrs. Rockefeller, Business Interest Series, Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Myers, Rex C., "Montana: A State and It's Relationship with Railroads, 1864- Railroad Co., Box 28, Folder 233. Rogers, G.W., "A National Asset: Make it Pay or Throw it Away," State of Montana, "Prospectus -- Montana Railroad Corporation," (Helena, unpublished manuscript, March, 1973. Montana, 1979).

and Sol, Michael, "Abandonment of Electric Operation by the Trustees’ Minutes, Chicago, Milwaukee & Puget Sound Railway Co., Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Co." (Northwest Milwaukee Road Archives, Milwaukee Public Library. Rail Improvement Committee, Everett, Washington: 1975). United States House of Representatives, Committee on Transportation and Schnoes, Robert, Vice Chairman, IC Industries, interview and correspondence Infrastructure, Subcommittee on Railroads, “Summary of “Oversight with Sol, September, 2002. Hearing on Conversion and Reconversion of Railbanked Rail-Trails,” September 16, 1996. Schye, Selina, “The Land Was Free,” Manuscript Collection, Small Collections #289, K. Ross Toole Archives, Mansfield Library, University of Wheeler, Burton K., Freedom of Information Act, Federal Bureau of Investigation Montana at Missoula. File.

Sigmund, Elwin W. "Federal Laws Concerning Federal Railroad Labor Williamson, Harry, "Written Direct Testimony," In re the Reorganization of Disputes," Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Illinois, 1961. the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Co., Exhibit AB- (Sub. No. 86F). Simpson, Fred, to Sol, oral communications, various dates. Wylie, L.W., "Summary Comparison of Diesel v. Electric Operations for Smith, Worthington, Deposition, Securities and Exchange Commission, 1976. Freight Service --Harlowton -- Tacoma," Milwaukee Road, 1968.

Smith, Worthington to Sol correspondence. Various dates. Legal Citations

Smith, Worthington Interview with Sol, August, 2000. The Akron, Canton & Youngstown Railroad Co. et.al. v. A.T. & S.F. Railroad Co., et.al. (1963) 321 ICC 17. Sol, Michael, "Verified Statement," In re the Reorganization of the Chicago, The Attorney General v. The Railroad Companies (1874) 35 Wisc. 425. Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Co., Exhibit AB-7 (Sub. No. B&O Railroad Co. v. U.S. (1967) 386 U.S. 372. 86F). Effect of carloadings and equipment acquisition. April 16, 1981. Burlington Northern, Inc. -- Control and Merger -- St. Louis-San Francisco Railway Co., 360 ICC 788. S.O.R.E. "Lines West Proposal," April 28, 1979. Burlington Northern Inc. -- Control through Acquisition of Securities of – Green Bay and Western Railroad Co., 354 ICC 458. Sparrow, W.W.K., Asst. To the President, CM&St.P Ry, Letter to C.A. Prouty, Burlington Northern, Inc. -- Purchase (portion) -- Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul Director, Bureau of Valuation, with “booklet” regarding “questions in & Pacific Railroad Co. 363 ICC 298. connection with the construction of the Puget Sound Lines”. ICC Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Co. v. Iowa (1876) 95 S.Ct. 155. Docket Chicago & Northwestern Railway Reorganization, 230 ICC 548 (1939). 17021, CM&St.P Ry Exhibit #66. 44 pp. Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railroad Co. v. Ackley (1876) 95 S.Ct. 179. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Co. Discontinuance of Trains No.s 1 and 4 between Chicago, Illinois and Minneapolis, Minnesota, & Pacific Railroad Co.-- Abandonment -- Portions of the Pacific 338 ICC 93. Coast Extension in Montana, Idaho, and Oregon, ICC Decision Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Reorganization, 363 ICC 17. January 30, 1980. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific -- Reorganization -- Acquisition by St. Paul and Puget Sound Accounts, 29 ICC 508. Grand Trunk Corporation, 2 ICC2nd 161. Staggers Rail Act of 1980, P.L. 96-448. 49 USC 10101, et. seq. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railway Co. v. United States (1978) Stone v. Wisconsin (1876) 95 S.Ct. 181. 585 F2d 254. Switching Charges at Port of Butte, Montana, C.M.St.P.&P., 355 ICC 835. CSX Corporation -- Control -- Chessie System Inc. and Seaboard Coast Line United States v. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Rr. Co. (1930) 282 Industries, Inc., 363 ICC 521. U.S. 311. In re Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Co. (1941) 36 F.Supp. Wabash v. Illinois (1886) 118 U.S. 557. 193. Wilson v. New (1917) 243 US 332. In re Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad Co. (1942) 124 F.2d Winona and St. Peter Railroad Co. v. Blake (1876) 95 S.Ct. 180. 754. In re the Matter of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Reorganization (1985) 756 F.2d 508. Investigation of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Co. 131 ICC 617. Great Northern Pacific -- Merger, 348 ICC 821. Group of Institutional Investors v. C.M.St.P.&P. (1942) 318 U.S. 523. Harriman v. Northern Securities Co. (1905) 197 U.S. 244. Minnesota Co. v. St. Paul Co. 2 Wall 609. In re rates on Big Blackfoot Branch of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway Montana Utility Reports, 1921. Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co. Merger -- Monon Co., 338 ICC 134. Louisville & Nashville Railroad Co. v. United States, (D.Ky., 1973) 369 F.Supp. 621. McCarty Farms et.al. v. Burlington Northern, Inc. (1987) 3 ICC2d 822. Milwaukee Railroad Restructuring Act, P.L. 96-101; 45 USC 901, et. seq. Munn v. Illinois (1876) 95 S.Ct. 113. National Livestock Shipper's League v. A.T.&S.F. Ry. Co., 63 ICC 107. Norfolk Southern Corporation -- Control -- Norfolk & Western Railway Co. and Southern Railway Co., Northern Securities Co. v. United States (1904) 193 U.S. 197. Pearsall v. Great Northern Railway Co. (1896) 161 U.S. 646. Peik v. Chicago & Northwestern Railway Co. (1876) 95 S.Ct. 164. Railroad Revitalization and Regulatory Reform Act of 1976, Reduced Rates, 1922, 68 ICC 676. Richard Ogilvie, Trustee of the Property of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul 1883 Chicago and Pacific Railroad Co. 4-30-1872 APPENDIX A. Chicago and Superior Railroad Co. 6-19-1873 Chicago, Bellevue, Cascade and Western Railway Co. 8-4-1877 Chicago, Clinton and Dubuque Railroad Co. 10-5-1871 Chicago, Clinton, Dubuque and Minnesota Rail Road Co. 3-1-1878 PREDECESSOR COMPANIES OF THE MILWAUKEE ROAD Chicago, Dubuque and Minnesota Railroad Co. 1-4-1871 Chicago, Evanston and Lake Superior Railway Co. 12-22-1885 Name of Company Chicago, Milwaukee & Gary Railway Co. 3-3-1908 Date Incorporated Chicago, Milwaukee and Puget Sound Railway Co. 1-9-1909 Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway Co. of Idaho 1-23-1906 1 Ashdale & Thomson Railway Co. 1-30- Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway Co. (Illinois) 4-1-1872 2 1902 Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway Co. of Montana 12-19-1906 3 Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Co. 2-16- Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway Co. of South Dakota 8-25-1906 4 1865 Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway Co. of Washington 1-10-1906 Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway Co. 2-11-1874 5 Beaver Dam and Baraboo Railroad Co. 3-31-1855 Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Rail Road Co. 3-31-1927 6 Bedford Belt Railway Co. 3-30- Chicago Southern Railway Co. 9-26-1904 7 1892 Chicago Suburban Railway Co. 7-13-1882 8 Bellingham Bay & British Columbia Railroad Co. 6-21-1883 Chicago, Terre Haute & Southeastern Railway Co. of Illinois 11-30-1910 9 Bellingham & Northern Railway Co. 10-17-1912 Chicago, Terre Haute & Southeastern Railway Co. 11-26-1910 10 Bellingham Terminals and Railway Co. 5-3-1909 Chippewa Valley and Superior Railway Co. 6-13-1881 11 Big Blackfoot Railroad Co. 1-10-1910 Clinton and Dubuque Railroad Co. 8-15-1877 12 Bozeman Street Railway Co. 12-1-1897 Cook, Lake and McHenry Counties Railway Co. 4-25-1899 13 Bureau County Mineral Railway Co. 9-12-1904 Dakota and Great Southern Railway Co. 7-30-1883 14 Caledonia and Mississippi Railway Co. 11-29-1873 Dakota Southern Railroad Co. 3-17-1871 15 Caledonia, Mississippi, and Western Rail Road Co. 3-29- Davenport and North Western Railway Co. 7-5-1876 16 1879 Davenport and St. Paul Rail Road Co. 8-26-1868 17 Cedar Rapids & St. Louis Railroad Co. 3-6-1871 Des Moines, Adel and Western Rail Road Co. 6-25-1875 18 Central Illinois and Wisconsin Railway Co. 10-16- Des Moines and Northern Railway Co. 12-23-1889 19 1880 Des Moines and Northwestern Railway Co. 12-6-1887 20 Central Railroad Company of Minnesota 9-17- Des Moines, Northern and Western Railway Co. 12-28-1891 21 1872 Des Moines, Northern and Western Railway Co. 3-15-1895 22 Central Railroad Company of Minnesota 7-14- Des Moines, Northwestern Railway Co. 10-7-1880 23 1873 Des Moines Western Railway Co. 8-25-1871 24 Chicago and Evanston Railroad Co. 2-16-1861 Dubuque and Mac Gregor Railway Co. 1-15-1868 25 Chicago and Lake Superior Rail Road Co. 10-5- Dubuque and Minnesota Railway Co. 1-22-1869 26 Dubuque and Minnesota Railroad Co. (Iowa) 8-15-1877 Iron Ridge and Mayville Railroad Co. 4-10-1865 27 Dubuque, Bellevue and Mississippi Rail Way Co. 1-1-1870 28 Dubuque, Marion and Western Railroad Co. 11-17-1859 Janesville & Southeastern Railway Co. 3-1-1900 29 Dubuque, Platteville and Milwaukee Railroad Co. 4- -1867 Janesville, Beloit and Rockford Railway Co. 3-11-1880 30 Dubuque South Western Rail Road Co. 5-19-1863 31 Dubuque Western Rail Road Co. 9-7-1855 Kickapoo Valley and Northern Railway Co. 6-4-1889 32 Duluth, Glencoe and Southwestern Railway Co. 4-19-1888 33 Duluth, St. Cloud, Glencoe and Mankato Railway Co. 1-10-1900 LaCrosse and Onalaska Short Line Rail Road Co. 5-22-1883 LaCrosse and Milwaukee Rail Road Co. 4-2-1852 34 Eastern LaFayette and Mississippi Railway Co. 3-24-1871 LaCrosse and Milwaukee Rail Road Co. 9-20-1856 35 Evansville & Richmond Railway Co. 5-27-1897 LaCrosse and Milwaukee Railroad Co. 1-23-1854 36 Evansville & Richmond Rail Road Co. 9-10-1888 Libertyville Rail-Way Co. 11-27-1878 Lisbon, Necedah & Lake Superior Railway Co. 10-23-1889 37 Fargo and Southern Railway Co. 7-16- Longview, Portland & Northern 38 1881 39 Fargo & St. Louis Air Line Railroad Co. 7-9-1883 Madison and Portage Railroad Co. 2-25-1870 40 Fond du Lac, Amboy & Peoria Railway Co. 10-10- Madison and Prairie du Chien Rail Road Co. 3-24-1852 41 1874 Madison, Fond du Lac and Michigan Railroad Co. 3-31-1855 42 Fond du Lac, Amboy & Peoria Railway Co. 1-26- Madison, Fond du Lac and Michigan Railroad Co. 8-7-1856 43 1876 Maquoketa, Hurstville & Dubuque Rail Road Co. 8-3-1883 44 Fond du Lac and Whitewater Railway Co. 12-26- Markesan & Brandon Railway Co. 8-9-1882 45 1874 Mason City and Minnesota Railway Co. 7-18-1870 46 Fox Lake Railroad Co. 3-10-1859 Mazomanie, Sauk City and Prairie du Sac Rail Road Co. 12-21-1880 47 Fox Lake and Wisconsin River Railroad Co. 3-5-1857 McGregor and Missouri River Railway Co. 11-1-1869 McGregor & Sioux City Railway Co. 12-10-1867 48 Gallatin Valley Electric Railway 3-23-1908 McGregor Western Railway Co. 1-19-1863 49 Gallatin Valley Railway Co. 9-9-1910 Menasha and Appleton Railway Co. 7-1-1879 50 Gallatin Light, Power and Railway Co. 4-5-1892 Menominee Branch Railroad Co. 7-2-1883 51 Great Falls Terminal Railway Co. 4-3-1912 Milwaukee and Fond du Lac Railroad Co. 4-21-1851 Milwaukee and Horicon Rail Road Co. 4-17-1852 52 Hastings and Dakota Railway Co. 3-5-1867 Milwaukee & Minnesota Railroad Co. 5-24-1859 53 Hastings, Minnesota River and Red River of the North Railroad Co. Milwaukee & Mississippi Rail Road Co. 2-1-1850 54 2-20- Milwaukee and Mississippi Rail Road Co. 5-24-1853 55 1857 Milwaukee and Northern Railroad Co. 6-5-1880 Milwaukee and Northern Railroad Co. 9-2-1887 56 Idaho & Washington Northern Railroad 4-1-1907 Milwaukee and Northern Railway Co. 2-24-1870 57 Idaho and Western Railway Co. 12-27-1909 Milwaukee and Prairie du Chien Railway Co. 1-21-1861 58 Iowa Eastern Railroad Co. 4-1-1872 Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway Co. 5-5-1863 59 Milwaukee and Superior Railroad Co. 3-4-1856 Olympic Terminal Railway Co. 7-1-1913 60 Milwaukee and Superior Railway Co. 12-11-1891 Ontonagon and Brule River Railroad Co. 9-9-1880 61 Milwaukee and Watertown Railroad Co. 3-11-1851 Oshkosh and Mississippi River Railroad Co. 3-30-1866 62 Milwaukee and Waukesha Rail Road Co. 2-11- 63 1847 Pacific & Eastern Railway Co. 10-22-1906 64 Milwaukee and Western Railroad Co. 3-16-1861 Pacific Railway Co. 10-13-1905 65 Milwaukee, Chicago, Cassville and Montana Railroad Co. 5- -1871 Pine River Valley & Stevens Point Rail Road Co. 8-5-1872 66 Milwaukee, Dexterville and Northern Railway Co. 8-26- Platteville and Calamine Railroad Co. 3-15-1861 67 1884 Pt. Ludlow, Pt. Angeles & Lake Crescent Railway 11-27-1911 68 Milwaukee, Fond du Lac and Green Bay Railroad Co. 6-27-1853 Port Townsend Southern 8-19-1887 69 Milwaukee, Fond du Lac and Green Bay Railroad Co. 4-2-1853 Port Townsend Railroad Co. 5-1-1944 70 Milwaukee, Menomonee Falls and Western Railway Co. 10-26-1885 Purch. 5/30/1975 71 Milwaukee Terminal Railway Co. 4-8-1908 Prairie du Chien and McGregor Railway Co. 10-10-1872 72 Milwaukee, Watertown and Baraboo Valley Railroad Co. 5-13-1858 Priest Rapids Railway Co. 3-17-1907 73 Mineral Point Rail Road Co. 4-17-1852 Puget Sound & Willapa Harbor Railway Co. 4-9-1913 74 Mineral Point Railroad Co. 11-18-1861 Racine, Janesville and Mississippi Rail Road Co. 4-17-1852 75 Minneapolis and Cedar Valley Railroad Co. 3-1-1856 Racine and Mississippi Rail Road Co. 2-21-1854 76 Minneapolis, Faribault and Cedar Valley Railroad Co. 3-10-1862 Racine and Mississippi Railroad Co. 3-31-1855 77 Minnesota & Northwestern Railroad 5-23-1857 Republic Branch Railroad Co. 9-21-1881 78 Minnesota and Pacific Railroad Co. 5-22-1857 Ripon and Wolf River Railroad Co. 3-31-1856 79 Minnesota Central Railway Co. 2-1-1864 Rochelle & Southern Railway Co. 10-1-1902 80 Minnesota Midland Railway Co. 12-30-1875 Rockford Central Railroad Co. 3-9-1869 81 Mississippi Railroad Co. 2-15- Rockton and Freeport Rail Road Co. 2-10-1853 82 1865 Root River Valley and Southern Minnesota Rail Road Co. 3-2-1855 83 Montana Railroad Co. 9-4-1894 Sabula, Ackley & Dakota Rail Road Co. 2-10-1870 84 Nauvoo and Warsaw Railroad Co. 2-24- St. Croix & Superior Railroad Co. 1853 85 1847 Saint Paul and Chicago Railway Co. 3-19-1867 86 Necedah and Camp Douglas Rail Road Co. 10-13- Saint Paul and Pacific Railroad Co. 3-10-1862 87 1874 St. Louis, Des Moines and Northern Railway Co. 5-21-1881 88 Northern Illinois Railroad Co. 2-24-1859 Savanna Branch Railroad Co. 10-5-1849 89 Northern Illinois Rail Road Co. 6-13-1865 Seattle, Port Angeles & Lake Crescent Railway 12-19-1911 90 Northern Railway Co. 2-15-1865 Seattle, Port Angeles & Western Railway Co. 1-20-1915 Seattle Southeastern Railway Co. 9-12-1906 91 Oconto and South Western Railway Co. 8-6-1889 Sherry Cameron Co. 10-31-1891 92 Oglesby & Granville Railway Co. 9-14- Sioux City and Dakota Rail Road Co. 9-12-1879 93 1905 Sioux City and Pembina Railway Co. 9-8-1870 94 Olympia Southern Railway Co. 7-1-1913 Southern Indiana Railway Co. 5-27-1897 95 Southern Minnesota Railway Co. 3-9-1877 96 Southern Minnesota Railway Extension Co. 1-17-1878 97 Southern Minnesota Railroad Co. 5-23- 98 1857 99 Southern Minnesota Railroad Co. 3-4-1864 100 Southern Wisconsin Rail Road Co. 4-7-1852 101 Stillwater and Hastings Railway Co. 4-9-1880 102 Sugar River Valley Railroad Co. 3-29-1855

103 Tacoma Eastern Railroad Co. 7-14-1890

104 Viroqua Railway Co. 5-23-1878

105 Warsaw and Rockford Railroad Co. 2-10-1849 106 Warsaw, Rock Island and Galena Railroad Co. 2-21-1863 107 Washington, Idaho & Montana Railway Co. acq. 8-14-1961 108 Watertown and Madison Railroad Co. 3-17-1853 109 Watertown Rail Road Co. 11-14- 110 1874 111 Waukon and Mississippi Railroad Co. 4-15-1875 112 Western Union Railroad Co. 1-16-1866 113 Western Union Rail Road Co. 1-27-1866 114 Western Union Railroad Co. 4-8-1876 115 Western Union Railroad Co. (Illinois) 2-21-1863 116 Western Union Railroad Co. (Wisconsin) 4-1-1863 117 White River Valley Railway Co. 1-19-1905 118 White Sulphur Springs & Yellowstone Park Railway Co.

119 Winnebago Rail Road Co. 4-2-1853 120 Wisconsin and Michigan Railroad Co. 1-18-1881 121 Wisconsin Midland Railroad Co. 3-4-1887 122 Wisconsin, Pittsville and Superior Railway Co. 8-31-1882 123 Wisconsin Union Railroad Co. 4-11-1866 124 Wisconsin Valley Railroad Co. 3-16-1871 125 Wisconsin Western Railroad acqd 1903 126 Wood Country Railroad Co. 6-21-1883