Circadian Rhythms Contents Page GENERAL PROPERTIES of CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS
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CURRICULUM VITAE Joseph S. Takahashi Howard Hughes Medical
CURRICULUM VITAE Joseph S. Takahashi Howard Hughes Medical Institute Department of Neuroscience University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., NA4.118 Dallas, Texas 75390-9111 (214) 648-1876, FAX (214) 648-1801 Email: [email protected] DATE OF BIRTH: December 16, 1951 NATIONALITY: U.S. Citizen by birth EDUCATION: 1981-1983 Pharmacology Research Associate Training Program, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Clinical Sciences and Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 1979-1981 Ph.D., Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, Dr. Michael Menaker, Advisor. Summer 1977 Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California 1975-1979 Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 1970-1974 B.A. in Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE: 2013-present Principal Investigator, Satellite, International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine, World Premier International Research Center Initiative, University of Tsukuba, Japan 2009-present Professor and Chair, Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center 2009-present Loyd B. Sands Distinguished Chair in Neuroscience, UT Southwestern 2009-present Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UT Southwestern 2009-present Professor Emeritus of Neurobiology and Physiology, and Walter and Mary Elizabeth Glass Professor Emeritus in the Life Sciences, Northwestern University -
A Molecular Perspective of Human Circadian Rhythm Disorders Nicolas Cermakian* , Diane B
Brain Research Reviews 42 (2003) 204–220 www.elsevier.com/locate/brainresrev Review A molecular perspective of human circadian rhythm disorders Nicolas Cermakian* , Diane B. Boivin Douglas Hospital Research Center, McGill University, 6875 LaSalle boulevard, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada Accepted 10 March 2003 Abstract A large number of physiological variables display 24-h or circadian rhythms. Genes dedicated to the generation and regulation of physiological circadian rhythms have now been identified in several species, including humans. These clock genes are involved in transcriptional regulatory feedback loops. The mutation of these genes in animals leads to abnormal rhythms or even to arrhythmicity in constant conditions. In this view, and given the similarities between the circadian system of humans and rodents, it is expected that mutations of clock genes in humans may give rise to health problems, in particular sleep and mood disorders. Here we first review the present knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying circadian rhythmicity, and we then revisit human circadian rhythm syndromes in light of the molecular data. 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Theme: Neural basis of behavior Topic: Biological rhythms and sleep Keywords: Circadian rhythm; Clock gene; Sleep disorder; Suprachiasmatic nucleus Contents 1 . Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 205 -
Artificial Light in the Environment
Published by TSO (The Stationery Office) and available from: Online www.tsoshop.co.uk Mail, Telephone Fax & E-Mail TSO PO Box 29, Norwich, NR3 1GN Telephone orders/General enquiries 0870 600 5522 Order through the Parliamentary Hotline Lo-Call 0845 7 023474 Fax orders: 0870 600 5533 E-mail: [email protected] Textphone: 0870 240 3701 The Parliamentary Bookshop 12 Bridge Street, Parliament Square, London SW1A 2JX Telephone orders/ General enquiries: 020 7219 3890 Fax orders: 020 7219 3866 Email: [email protected] Internet: http://www.bookshop.parliament.uk TSO@Blackwell and other Accredited Agents Customers can also order publications from TSO Ireland 16 Arthur Street, Belfast BT1 4GD 028 9023 8451 Fax 028 9023 5401 ISBN 978-0-10-850854-7 9 780108 508547 Artificial Light in the Environment £14.35 © Crown Copyright 2009 The text in this document (excluding the Royal Arms and other departmental or agency logos) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium providing it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and the title of the document specified. Where we have identified any third party copyright material you will need to obtain permission from the copyright holders concerned. For any other use of this material please contact the Office of Public Sector Information, Information Policy Team, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU or e-mail: [email protected]. ISBN: 9780108508547 Printed in the UK by The Stationery Office Limited on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office ID 2328242 11/09 Printed on paper containing 75% recycled fibre content minimum. -
Reproductive Seasonality in Captive Wild Ruminants: Implications for Biogeographical Adaptation, Photoperiodic Control, and Life History
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2012 Reproductive seasonality in captive wild ruminants: implications for biogeographical adaptation, photoperiodic control, and life history Zerbe, Philipp Abstract: Zur quantitativen Beschreibung der Reproduktionsmuster wurden Daten von 110 Wildwiederkäuer- arten aus Zoos der gemässigten Zone verwendet (dabei wurde die Anzahl Tage, an denen 80% aller Geburten stattfanden, als Geburtenpeak-Breite [BPB] definiert). Diese Muster wurden mit verschiede- nen biologischen Charakteristika verknüpft und mit denen von freilebenden Tieren verglichen. Der Bre- itengrad des natürlichen Verbreitungsgebietes korreliert stark mit dem in Menschenobhut beobachteten BPB. Nur 11% der Spezies wechselten ihr reproduktives Muster zwischen Wildnis und Gefangenschaft, wobei für saisonale Spezies die errechnete Tageslichtlänge zum Zeitpunkt der Konzeption für freilebende und in Menschenobhut gehaltene Populationen gleich war. Reproduktive Saisonalität erklärt zusätzliche Varianzen im Verhältnis von Körpergewicht und Tragzeit, wobei saisonalere Spezies für ihr Körpergewicht eine kürzere Tragzeit aufweisen. Rückschliessend ist festzuhalten, dass Photoperiodik, speziell die abso- lute Tageslichtlänge, genetisch fixierter Auslöser für die Fortpflanzung ist, und dass die Plastizität der Tragzeit unterstützend auf die erfolgreiche Verbreitung der Wiederkäuer in höheren Breitengraden wirkte. A dataset on 110 wild ruminant species kept in captivity in temperate-zone zoos was used to describe their reproductive patterns quantitatively (determining the birth peak breadth BPB as the number of days in which 80% of all births occur); then this pattern was linked to various biological characteristics, and compared with free-ranging animals. Globally, latitude of natural origin highly correlates with BPB observed in captivity, with species being more seasonal originating from higher latitudes. -
Photoperiodic Properties of Circadian Rhythm in Rat
Photoperiodic properties of circadian rhythm in rat by Liang Samantha Zhang A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Neuroscience) in The University of Michigan 2011 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Jimo Borjigin, Chair Professor Theresa M. Lee Professor William Michael King Associate Professor Daniel Barclay Forger Assistant Professor Jiandie Lin © Liang Samantha Zhang 2011 To my loving grandparents, YaoXiang Zhang and AnNa Yu ii Acknowledgements To all who have played a role in my life these past four years, I give my thanks. First of all, I give my gratitude to the members of Borjigin Lab. To my mentor Dr. Jimo Borjigin whose intelligence and accessibility has carried me through in this journey within the circadian field. To Dr. Tiecheng Liu, who taught me all the technical knowledge necessary to perform the work presented in this dissertation, and whose surgical skills are second to none. To all the undergrads I have trained over the years, namely Abeer, Natalie, Christof, Tara, and others, whose combined hundreds if not thousands of hours in manually analyzing melatonin data have been an indispensible asset to myself and the lab. To Michelle and Ricky for taking care of all the animals over the years, which has made life much easier for the rest of us. To Alexandra, who was willing to listen and share her experiences, and to Sean, who has been a good friend both in and out of the lab. I would also like to thank my committee members for their help and support over the years. -
Biotechnology School of Biotechnology G.M
Programme Structure Post Graduate in Biotechnology School of Biotechnology G.M. University, Sambalpur Post graduate programme comprising two years, will be divided into 4 (four) semesters each of six months duration. Year Semesters First Year Semester I Semester II Second Year Semester III Semester IV The detail of title of papers, credit hours, division of marks etc of all the papers of all semesters is given below. There will be two elective groupsnamely: Discipline Specific Elective in SemII. Interdisciplinary Elective in SemIII. A student has to select one of the DSE paper in Sem II and one of the papers in Sem III as offered by the department at the beginning of the semester II and semester IIIrespectively. Each paper will be of 100 marks out of which 80 marks shall be allocated for semester examination and 20 marks for internal assessment (Mid TermExamination). There will be four lecture hours of teaching per week for eachpaper. Duration of examination of each paper shall be of threehours. Pass Percentage: The minimum marks required to pass any paper shall be 40 percent in each paper and 40 percent in aggregate of asemester. No students will be allowed to avail more than three (3) chances to pass in any paper inclusive of first attempt. Semester-1 Papers Marks Total Duration Credit Paper No Title Mid End Marks (Hrs) Hours Term Term 101 Cell & Molecular Biology 20 80 100 4 4 102 Microbiology 20 80 100 4 4 103 Biochemistry 20 80 100 4 4 104 Genetics 20 80 100 4 4 105 Lab course 100 100 4 4 Total 500 20 20 Semester-2 Papers Marks Total Duration Credit Paper Title Mid End Marks (Hrs) Hours No Term Term 201 Genetic Engineering 20 80 100 4 4 202 Instrumentation and Computer 20 80 100 4 4 Techniques 1 | P a g e 203 Biostatistics and Basics of 20 80 100 4 4 Bioinformatics 204 Developmental Biology (Plant & 20 80 100 4 4 Animal) 205 Lab course 100 100 4 4 DSEPapers* 206 A Animal Physiology 20 80 100 4 4 206 B Plant Physiology 20 80 100 4 4 206 C Bioenergetics and Metabolism 20 80 100 4 4 Total 600 24 *Discipline Specific Elective Paper. -
POL: American Society for Photobiology: Reflections on the 25Th Anniversary of ASP 10/12/11 9:25 AM
POL: American Society for Photobiology: Reflections on the 25th Anniversary of ASP 10/12/11 9:25 AM REFLECTIONS ON THE 25th ANNIVERSARY of the AMERICAN SOCIETY for PHOTOBIOLOGY (1972-1997) By Kendric C. Smith, Founding President of ASP See and hear Kendric Smith introduce his talk (7.6 MB in avi format). It is exciting to realize that the American Society for Photobiology (ASP) is 25 years old. I won't trouble you with all of the early history *, but a few comments might be of interest. When I began studying the photochemistry of the nucleic acids, I didn't know much about photobiology, and didn't know many photobiologists. I thought that it would be rewarding to get together with other photobiologists in the San Francisco Bay Area, so in 1962 I started the Northern California Photobiology and Photochemistry Group (1962-1974). For those who could get away from work early, we had dinner at a local restaurant, and then moved to a classroom at Stanford for the lecture. I learned two very important lessons from running this group for several years. (1) Don't expect a lot of help in running a group. (2) If you organize the meeting and send out the announcements, people will come. These two lessons gave me the courage later to start ASP in the face of considerable opposition. I tried to stimulate the formation of other regional photobiology groups. The Northeast Photobiology Group was started in 1967, with Farrington Daniels, Jr. as its first President. Failing to find a suitable home, this group only met for three years (1967-1970). -
Draft of Content Outline
American Board of Dermatology Content Outline The American Board of Dermatology (ABD) has produced this content outline to help dermatology residents understand the scope of information covered in the ABD certifying examination. This list is not exhaustive and content for examination questions will also come from new and evolving concepts. Hopefully, this will help guide preparation and alleviate some test preparation anxiety. I) Basic Science A) Gross Anatomy B) Tumor biology and pathogenesis C) Photobiology D) Biochemistry E) Cell biology 1) Apoptosis 2) Cell cycle F) Embryology G) Epidemiology H) Genetics 1) Basic principles of genetics 2) Genetic basis of cutaneous diseases I) Immunology 1) Autoantibodies (autoimmune connective tissue) diseases 2) Autoantibodies (vesiculobullous disorders) J) Microbiology K) Bacteriology 1) Fungi 2) Parasites 3) Protozoa 4) Viruses L) Molecular biology M) Wound healing N) Pharmacology O) Skin barrier, percutaneous drug delivery, and pharmacokinetics P) Physiology 1) Biology of the basement membrane zone 2) Structure and function of eccrine, apocrine, apoeccrine, and sebaceous glands 3) Biology of keratinocytes 4) Biology of melanocytes 5) Biology of the extracellular matrix 6) Vascular biology 7) Biology of hair and nails 8) Biology of mast cells and eosinophils 9) Inflammatory mediators Q) Research Design II) General/Medical Dermatology & Therapy A) General Principles 1) Normal growth and development 1 2) Public health 3) Statistics 4) Physical Examination and diagnosis B) Pruritus 1) Mediators of pruritus 2) Pruritus and dysesthesia 3) Psychocutaneous diseases C) Papulosquamous dermatoses 1) Psoriasis 2) Pityriasis rubra pilaris 3) Lichen planus and lichenoid dermatoses 4) Other papulosquamous disorders, e.g. pityriasis rosea, secondary syphilis D) Eczematous dermatoses 1) Atopic dermatitis 2) Allergic contact dermatitis 3) Stasis dermatitis 4) Other eczematous conditions, e.g. -
Welcome to Chicago! Plant Biology & Botany 2007—A Historic Event
ASPB News THE NEWSLETTER OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF PLANT BIOLOGISTS Volume 34, Number 3 May/June 2007 Inside This Issue Welcome to Chicago! Plant Biology & Botany 2007—A Historic Event Plant Biology & Botany 2007—Event Highlight Updates Dear ASPB Member, mittee and extensive networking opportunities for Some scientific events are memorable and others graduate students, postdocs, and others. The devel- Hola from Mérida! capture the imagination, but only a few—like ASPB’s opment of the next generation of plant scientists will Plant Biology 2008 2007 annual meeting—are truly historic. Indeed, it be highlighted through workshops for K–12 educa- will be my great pleasure to welcome many of you tors, who will have the opportunity to attend ses- Mid-Atlantic and this July to the Plant Biology & Botany 2007 Joint sions on Saturday. Midwest Section Congress in Chicago—the first time in more than We realize that some of you, for a variety of rea- Meeting Coverage eight decades that ASPB will hold its plant biology sons, have opted to spend those several days in early conference with the Botanical Society of America (as July engaged in other pursuits. Although we would well as with the American Society of Plant Taxono- have liked to see you in Chicago and will certainly mists and the American Fern Society). In just a miss your presence there, we understand and respect few weeks, 2,500 plant scientists from around that decision, particularly because whether or not the world—one of the largest gatherings of you are present, the scholarship that unfolds at the plant scientists ever—will have the opportuni- annual meeting necessarily depends on the contribu- ty to meet and engage their colleagues in a tions of all of you to the field. -
Photoperiodism in Hamsters: Abrupt Versus Gradual Changes in Day Length Differentially Entrain Morning and Evening Circadian Oscillators
Photoperiodism in Hamsters: Abrupt Versus Gradual Changes in Day Length Differentially Entrain Morning and Evening Circadian Oscillators Michael R. Gorman,*,‡,1 David A. Freeman,§,2 and Irving Zucker*,† Departments of *Psychology and †Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720; ‡Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and §Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 Abstract In studies of photoperiodism, animals typically are transferred abruptly from a long (e.g., 16 h light per day [16L]) to a short (8L) photoperiod, and circadian oscillators that regulate pineal melatonin secretion are presumed to reentrain rapidly to the new photocycle. Among rats and Siberian hamsters, however, reentrainment rates vary de- pending on whether additional darkness is added to morning or evening, and a subset of hamsters (nonresponders) fails ever to reentrain normally to short photoperiods. The authors assessed whether several short-day responses occurred at different rates when darkness was extended into morning versus evening hours and the effectiveness of abrupt versus gradual shortening in day lengths (DLs). Entrainment patterns of photoresponsive hamsters also were compared to those of photononresponsive hamsters. Responsive hamsters transferred on a single day from 16L to 8L underwent more rapid gonadal regression, weight loss, decreases in follicle-stimulating hormone titers, and expansion of nocturnal locomotor activity when darkness was added to morning versus evening. When the dark phase was extended gradually by 8 h over 16 weeks, short-day responses occurred at the same rate whether darkness was appended to morning or evening or was added symmetrically. -
Spring 2005 , Vol 34
Spring 2005 (192) Vol. 34, No. 2 th Program for 11 ESP Congress IN THIS ISSUE Sept 3-8, 2005 Program for 11th ESP Congress …………. 1 Urbach Travel Award ……………………. 2 Candidates for President …………………. 3 Candidates for Secretary ………………… 4 New Scotobiology Group ……………….. 5 NEON ……………………………………. 5 Resolution on FELs ……………………… 6 The Casino Grand Cercle in Aix-les-Bain, France, New Online Discussion ………………….. 6 site of the 2005 ESP Meeting (Sept 3-8). Research by ASP Members ……………… 7 Sunday September 4, Morning • Young scientist award lecture The Science of Phototherapy ………………. 7 NF-kappaB, a key player in PDT-induced ASP Web Site Statistics …………………. 7 inflammatory response JY Matroule (BE) Upcoming Events ………………………... 8 • DNA damage and repair • ALA-based PDT • Photoageing • Oxidative stress in plants • Photochemistry and photobiology of fullerenes • Novel blue light receptors (Joint with EPA) Sunday September 4, Afternoon • Photomovements • Photocarcinogenesis Tuesday September 6, Morning • Molecular and cellular aspects of PDT • Photobiology update • Structure and biogenesis of the photosynthetic Oxidative DNA damage: from electron/hole apparatus injection to gel electrophoresis • Visual pigments and phototransduction (Joint NE Geacintov (USA) with ASP) • Photoimmunology Monday September 5, Morning • Antimicrobial PDT • Photobiology update • Light-regulation in plants: growth and rhythms Signal transduction in keratinocytes under UV-A Tuesday September 6, Afternoon radiation • Photoprotection and sunscreens J Krutman (DE) • Photochemistry and -
Photoperiodism in Pigs
Photoperiodism in Pigs Studies on timing of male puberty and melatonin Hikan Anderson Department of Clinical Chemistry Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics Doctoral thesis Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala 2000 Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae Veterinaria 90 ISSN 1401-6257 ISBN 91-576-5901-X 0 2000 HBkan Anderson, Uppsala Tryck: SLU Service/Repro, Uppsala 2000 Abstract Andersson, H. 2000. Photoperiodism in pigs. Studies on timing of male puberty and melatonin. Doctoral thesis ISSN 1401-6257, ISBN 91-576-5901-X. The routine castration of male piglets, which is performed in many countries to avoid boar taint in meat, is a cause for great concern in terms of animal welfare. Castrates also have reduced feed efficiency and more fat than do entire males. More of the ingested energy therefore goes to fat tissue than to muscle tissue. The European wild boar is a seasonal short-day breeder and although domestic pigs breed all year round there are indications that they remain responsive to photoperiod. Since boar taint is closely associated with male sexual maturation, the use of artificial light regimens to delay puberty could be a non-invasive method of reducing boar taint in entire males. Therefore, a series of experiments were performed in order to study photoperiodism in young pigs. In two experiments, matched winter-born siblings of crossbred males were allocated after weaning to either one of two light-sealed rooms with high-intensity light regimens or a conventional stable environment. In the first study, groups subjected to an 'artificial autumn' treatment and an 'artificial spring' treatment were compared with a 'natural spring' group.