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Circadian Systems in Development and Photoperiodism in Japanese Quail

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Circadian Systems in Development and Photoperiodism in Japanese Quail Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1983 Circadian Systems in Development and Photoperiodism in Japanese Quail. Albert C. Russo Jr Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Russo, Albert C. Jr, "Circadian Systems in Development and Photoperiodism in Japanese Quail." (1983). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 3907. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/3907 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact gradetd@lsu.edu. 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University Micrcxilms International 300 N. Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 8400139 Russo, Albert C., Jr. CIRCADIAN SYSTEMS IN DEVELOPMENT AND PHOTOPERIODISM IN JAPANESE QUAIL The Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical Col.Ph.D. 1983 University Microfilms International300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified here with a check mark V . 1. Glossy photographs or pages_______ 2. Colored illustrations, paper or print______ 3. Photographs with dark background______ 4. Illustrations are poor copy_______ 5. Pages with black marks, not original _______copy 6. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of page_______ 7. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages */ / / ' 8. Print exceeds margin requirements______ 9. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine_______ 10. Computer printout pages with indistinct print______ 11. P a g e (s)_____________lacking when material received, and not available from school or author. 12. Page(s)_____________seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows. 13. Two pages numbered_____________. Text follows. 14. Curling and wrinkled p a g_______ e s 15. Other________________________________________________________________________________ University Microfilms International CIRCADIAN SYSTEMS IN DEVELOPMENT AND PHOTOPERIODISM IN JAPANESE QUAIL A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Zoology and Physiology by Albert C. Russo, Jr. B.S., Louisiana State University, 1971 M.S., Louisiana State University, 1974 August, 1983 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my sincere thanks and appreciation to Dr. Albert H. Meier for his guidance, patience, friendship, and enthusiasm for science which made every day fun and exciting. I thank Drs. J. Caprio, J.P. Woodring, K. Corkum, A. Aammond, and W. Johnson for reviewing the manuscript. I further thank Dr. W. Johnson for supplying the Japanese quail for this study as well as teaching me how to care for them. I thank all of my fellow graduates students, especially John M. Wilson for help along the way. Above all, I thank my parents, Mr. and Mrs. Albert C. Russo, Sr., for giving me life, and L. Blair Roy for saving it. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgements ..................................................... il List of Tables ....................................................... v List of Figures ........................................................vl Section I. Maturation of the Circadian Rhythm of Adrenal Cortical Hormone and Thyroxine in Japanese Quail: Effect of hypo- and hyperthyroidism ................... 1 Abstract ................................................. 2 Introduction ............................................. 3 Materials and Methods ........................... 5 Results ................................................. 9 Discussion................................................. 36 Literature Cited ........................................ 43 Section II. Relation of the Circadian Rhythm of Adrenal Cortical Hormone and Photosensitivity in Japanese Quail .......................................... 48 A b s t r a c t ................................................... 49 Introduction ............................................. 50 Materials and M e t h o d s ................ 52 R e s u l t s ................................................... 54 Discussion................................................. 63 Literature Cited ........................................ 68 Section III. The Roles of the Eyes, the Rhythm of Adrenal Cortical Hormone, and Thyroxine in Photo- periodism in Japanese Quail ............................ 70 A b s t r a c t ................................................... 71 Introduction ............................................. 72 Materials and Methods .................................. 74 R e s u l t s ................................................... 77 iii Page Discussion................................................. 92 Literature Cited ......................................... 100 V i t a ................................................................... 105 iv LIST OF TABLES Page Section I: Table 1 Body weights, paired testes weights, and ovary weights of 7-, 17-, 27- and 37-day old Japanese quail treated with thiouracil or thyroxine................................ 15 Section II: Table 1 Paired testes weights of intact and enucleated Japanese quail injected with TRH or s a l i n e .......................... 56 Section III: Table 1 Body weights, paired testes weights and ovary weights of Japanese quail pretreated with LD 8:16 for three weeks and then transferred to continuous darkness (DD) . 80 Table 2 Plasma thyroxine concentrations of reproductively developed or regressed enucleated Japanese quail maintained on different daylengths and sampled at six times of d a y ............................... 81 v LIST OF FIGURES Page Section I: Figure 1. Daily rhythm of plasma ACH concentration in 7-, 17-, 27-, and 37-day old Japanese quail maintained on LD 1 6 : 8 ..................................................... 16 Figure 2. Effects of 0.2% 2-thlouracil and 0.001% L-thyroxine in the diet on the daily rhythm of plasma ACH concen­ tration in 7-day old Japanese quail maintained on LD 1 6 : 8 ..................................................... 18 Figure 3. Effects of 0.2% 2-thiouracil and 0.001% L-thyroxine in the diet on the daily rhythm of plasma ACH concen­ tration in 17-day old Japanese quail maintained on LD 1 6 : 8 .....................................................20 Figure 4. Effects of 0.2% 2-thiouracil and 0.001% L-thyroxine in the diet on the daily rhythm of plasma ACH concen­ tration in 27-day old Japanese quail maintained on LD 1 6 : 8 .....................................................22 Figure 5. Effects of 0.2% thiouracil and 0.001% L-thyroxine in the diet on the daily rhythm of plasma ACH concen­ tration in 37-day old Japanese quail maintained on LD 1 6 : 8 .....................................................24 Figure 6. Daily rhythm of plasma thyroxine concentration in 7-, 17-, 27-, and 37-day old Japanese quail maintained on LD 16:8 ...................................... 26 Figure 7. Effects of 0.2% thiouracil in the diet on the daily rhythm of plasma thyroxine concentration in 7-day old Japanese quail maintained on LD 1 6 : 8 ..................... 28 Figure 8. Effects of 0.2% 2-thiouracil and 0.001% L-thyroxine in the
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