Environmental Post Evaluation of the Projects Under the Schemes in the Taj Trapezium Zone
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Environmental Post Evaluation of the Projects under the Schemes in the Taj Trapezium Zone Sponsor : MoEF, New Delhi National Environmental Engineering Research Institute Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020 May 2010 Final Report Environmental Post Evaluation of the Projects under the Schemes in the Taj Trapezium Zone Sponsored by MoEF National Environmental Engineering Research Institute Nehru Marg, Nagpur - 440 020 May 2010 FOREWORD Over last few decades, various industrial, commercial and residential activities surrounding the Taj Mahal have resulted in adverse impacts on the monument, prompting the Government of India, judiciary, activist groups and various donor agencies to raise awareness about the potential threat and also to develop programs to ensure the monument’s survival and sustainability. Subsequently, a Mission Management Board under the Chairmanship of the Chief Secretary, UP was constituted for overseeing the implementation, monitoring and reviewing of the various programmes / schemes formulated for the protection of Taj Mahal. These schemes were related to uninterrupted power supply, construction & widening of roads, augmentation of water supply, improvement of drainage and sanitation, solid waste management, etc. Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF) retained National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) for conducting Environmental Post Evaluation of the Projects under the Schemes in the Taj Trapezium Zone. The objectives of the study was to see improvement in environmental quality on the environs of Taj Mahal and other historical monuments, to provide tangible/quantifiable benefits of the 8 completed projects and to provide clear cut directions on taking up new projects based on the evaluation report. The report based on the evaluation of various schemes has come out with clear cut recommendations which should facilitate the Ministry for taking necessary decisions. The co-operation and assistance rendered by the concerned State Government Departments and Commissioner, Agra and the officials of MoEF in this study are gratefully acknowledged. (Tapan Chakrabarti) Director Nagpur Date: CREDITS National Environmental Engineering Research Institute Project Team Bassin, J.K. Bhattacharya, J. K. Gupta, R. K. Karthik, M. Nandy, T. Raman, N.S. Rao, C.V.C. Vaidya, A.N. Project Leaders Animesh Kumar and Pandey, J. S. Project Coordinator Wate, S. R. Project Guide Chakrabarti, T. Contents Item Page No. List of Figures III List of Tables IV List of Exhibits V List of Annexure VII Executive Summary 1-14 1 Introduction 1.1-1.8 About Gokul barrage 1.4 About storm water drainage system in Agra 1.7 About Solid waste management 1.8 2 Objectives and their Attainment 2.1-2.8 2.1 For electricity related projects 2.1 2.2 For road related projects 2.3 2.3 For Gokul Barrage 2.4 2.4 For Storm Water Drainage 2.5 2.5 For Solid Waste Management 2.6 2.6 Overall objectives and attainment 2.8 3 Methodology 3.1-3.6 3.1 For electricity related projects 3.1 3.2 For road related projects 3.2 3.3 For Gokul Barrage project 3.2 3.4 For storm water drainage project 3.3 3.5 For solid waste management project 3.3 3.6 RTI Application 3.3 4 Post Project Environmental Evaluation 4.1-4.47 4.1 Projects related to “Improvement in Electric Supply at Agra” 4.1 4.2 Projects related to road construction 4.4 4.3 Post project environmental evaluation of Gokul Barrage 4.17 4.4 Post project environmental evaluation of Storm water drainage 4.21 4.5 Post environmental evaluation of solid waste management Project 4.33 5 Environmental Management Plan 5.1-5.9 5.1 For electricity related projects 5.1 5.2 For road related projects 5.2 5.3 For Gokul Barrage 5.2 5.4 For Storm water drainage 5.4 5.5 EMP for Solid Waste Management 5.5 6 Conclusion and Recommendations 6.1-6.5 6.1 For Road related projects 6.1 6.2 For electricity related projects 6.2 6.3 For Gokul Barrage 6.2 6.4 For storm water drainage system 6.3 6.5 For solid waste management 6.4 i List of Figures Figure No. Title Page No. 1.1 Location of Gokul Barrage on River Yamuna in 1.5 Mathura 2.1 Falling ground water levels in the vicinity of Gokul 2.6 Barrage Project 4.1 Agra city map showing missing link and new roads 4.10 4.2 SPM Concentration in Agra: Temporal Variation 4.11 4.3 SO2 – Concentrations in Agra: Temporal Variation 4.12 4.4 NO2 - Concentrations in Agra: Temporal Variation 4.13 4.5 Comparison of Taj Mahal air quality with that of 4.14 nearby area: SPM 4.6 Comparison of Taj Mahal air quality with that of 4.14 nearby area: RSPM 4.7 Comparison of Taj Mahal air quality with that of 4.15 nearby area: SO2 4.8 Comparison of Taj Mahal air quality with that of 4.15 nearby area: NO2 4.9 Passage of vehicles through the bridge 4.20 4.10 Location of Major Storm Water Drains Discharge 4.28 into river Yamuna ii List of Tables Table No. Title Page No. 1.1 Major Specification of Gokul Barrage Project 1.6 2.1 Storage and discharge from the barrage 2.7 3.1 Emission factors for DG set 3.4 3.2 Vehicle mix 3.4 3.3 Correction Factor for vehicle speed 3.5 3.4 Emission factors 3.6 4.1 Comparison of ambient air quality of Agra with 4.16 neighboring cities 4.2 Surface water concentration of dissolved oxygen and 4.18 BOD in Gokul Barrage Project 4.3 Storage and discharge from the barrage 4.19 4.4 Storm Water Drains in Agra City and the Coverage 4.24 Areas 4.5 Status of Storm Water Drainage Scheme 4.26 4.6 Maintenance of Storm Water Drainage System and 4.27 Expenditure Incurred 4.7 Fund Released against the project budget and its 4.34 utilization by AMC 4.8 Infrastructure Proposed and Procured by AMC 4.34 (period 1999-2003) in the project 4.9 Ranking Criteria for Solid Waste Management 4.42 System 4.10 Ranking of Municipal Solid Waste Management 4.46 System of Agra iii List of Exhibits Exhibit No. Title Page No. 1.1 Gokul Barrage on Yamuna River 1.7 4.1 Broken storm water drains which helps in increasing 4.29 silting and seepage from the surrounding environment 4.2 Indiscriminate disposal of solid wastes in open storm 4.29 water drains in Azampara drain 4.3 Storm water drain near Agra fort discharging into Yamuna river 4.30 4.4 Sludge and silt removal from stormwater drains by 4.30 workers. Workers not protected while undertaking the task 4.5 Stormwater drain in the Yamuna Kinara Road near 4.31 Jahangir Palace. Taj Mahal seen in the background about 2.0 km from the site 4.6 Bhairon drain outfall in Yamuna river 4.31 4.7 Excavated silt material in front of a house blocking 4.32 entry to the house and reducing the width of road 4.8 Excavated silt and sludge is dried on the roads 4.32 4.9 Open roadside dumps 4.36 4.10 Dumper placer bin in improper condition 4.37 4.11 Lifting of waste from roadside dump 4.37 4.12 Old disposal site near Nangla-Rambal 4.38 4.13 Old disposal site near Nangla-Rambal 4.38 4.14 Active landfill site, near Chhaleswar (west) 4.39 railway station 4.15 Active landfill site, near Chhaleswar (west) 4.39 railway station 4.16 Proposed landfill site at Kuberpur 4.40 4.17 Proposed landfill site at Kuberpur 4.40 iv List of Annexure Annexure Particulars No. I A short write up on CALINE 4 II Print out of the website III Tender document pages IV Relevant pages from draft report of ARAI V US EPA standard for PM2.5 VI Relevant pages from CPCB Annual Report VII Guidelines for EMP of Storm water drainage VIII Management Information System IX RTI Application X Water quality Criteria v Executive Summary Consequent to the Hon’ble Supreme Court orders dated 4.9.96 in the Writ Petition No. 13381/84, the Planning Commission estimated (in consultation with the State Government) an amount of 600 crores on equal Centre-State partnership required to implement various schemes relating to protection of the Taj Mahal. A Mission Management Board under the Chairmanship of the Chief Secretary, UP was constituted for overseeing the implementation, monitoring and reviewing the various programmes/schemes formulated for the protection of the Taj Mahal. These schemes were related to uninterrupted power supply, augmentation of water supply, improvement of drainage and sanitation, efficient solid waste management and city tree plantation in the context of environmental protection of Taj Mahal. The EFC Memo, giving details of the scheme on Taj Protection Mission, was approved in the EFC meeting held on 26.10.98. On 23.2.99, the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs approved schemes of Rs. 222.21 crores for the envisaged projects, which were aimed at improving air, water and land environment of Agra (Table 1). Table 1: List of Projects Sr. No. Name of the Project Cost approved by EFC (Rs. in Crore) 1. Improvement in Electric Supply at Agra 09.11 2. Gokul Barrage 12.50 3. Widening of Agra By-Pass 00.75 4. Storm Water Drainage System (Agra) 06.60 5. Solid Waste Management 07.49 6. Construction of one part of Agra by-Pass 10.65 7. Improvement in Electric Supply in and around 39.09 the rural areas of Agra and Fatehpur Sikri 8.