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Canadian Content2014 Canadian Content2014 McGill Undergraduate Journal of Canadian Studies !Canadiane McGill Undergraduate Journal Content of Canadian Studies Volume 6, Spring 2014 Editors-in-Chief Alec Angle Arielle Baker Madeleine LeBrun Editorial Board James Guttman Samantha Hale Colleen Morawetz Alex Nevitte Remy Ventura McGill Institute for the Study of Canada 3463 Peel Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1W7 Published annually by the Canadian Studies Association of Undergraduate Stu- dents (CSAUS). !e editors welcome undergraduate students at McGill Univer- sity to submit academic and creative works related to the study of Canada in Eng- lish or French; students need not be enrolled in the Canadian Studies Programme to contribute. © Canadian Studies Association of Undergraduate Students 2014 With the exception of passages quoted from external authors, no part of this book may be reproduced without written permission from the Canadian Studies Association of Undergraduate Students. We cannot guarantee that all URLs are functional. Printed in Montreal, Canada Cover photo by David LeBrun Chapter title photos by Charly Vilmart Canadian Content is generously supported by: Contents Shaina Agbayani…………………………………………………………..... 11 Shopping For and From Ethnicity: Making and Seeking Green from amongst the Multicultural Rainbow of Canada Eden Abramowitz………………………………………………………...... 23 Reconciliation or Cultural Appropriation? !e Role of Tsimshian Treasures in Narrating Canadian History Alexandra Lewyckyj……………………………………………………....... 37 Discerning Spirits: !e Shamanic Roots of Inuit Christian Traditions Cerian Phillips……………………………………………………………....49 !e “Other’s” Perspective: Call for a Multi-Vocal Revision of the Native as Subject Katherine Ragan…………………………………………………………..... 65 Explaining the PQ’s Push for Quebec Sovereignty: Lessons from Israel on the Role of Rediscovering Ethnocultural Memory for State Creation Christopher Gismondi……………………………………………………... 87 The New Lesbos and Photos: Edith Watson’s Journey through Rural Canada with her Loves, Victoria Hayward and a Kodak Jaya Bordeleau-Cass………………………………………………………... 107 !rough the Lens of William Notman’s Camera: !e Exoticization of “Indianness” in Montreal Fancy Dress Balls and Skating Carnivals Juliette Allen………………………………………………………………... 127 Indigenous Erotic Art in the Process of Decolonization Jelena Stankovic…………………………………………………………….. 141 Negotiating Community: Multiculturalism and Intercultural Responsibility in the Musée des maîtres et artisans du Québec Notes on Contributors Shaina Agbayani is a Filipina-Canadian freak, femme-inist and culinary visionary (a nice way to say she thinks about food all the time). She also happens to be a senior year Equity Studies and Political Science student. She looks forward to seeing Cana- dian Studies evolve as a self-re"exive #eld that thoroughly excavates and recognizes its settler foundations as a study of unceded First Nations territory. Eden Abramowitz is a U3 McGill undergraduate student who is studying Art His- tory. With a personal interest in Aboriginal art and life, Eden has focused her re- search on the reconciliation of Native material culture in the Canadian and interna- tional art markets. She plans on furthering her studies as a Master’s candidate in Art, Law and Business at Christie’s Education London following graduation, and hopes to continue contributing to scholarship on indigenous art, economies and policies. Alexandra Lewyckyj is a U3 student at McGill University, graduating in Spring 2014 with a Bachelor of Arts in World Religions and Canadian Studies. Born and raised in Montreal, Alexandra is in"uenced by her dual identities as both a Cana- dian and a diasporic Ukrainian. A member of the Class of 2018 at New York City’s Cardozo School of Law, she lives in St-Henri with her partner, Paul, and their retired racing greyhound, Sam. Cerian Phillips will be graduating this spring with a major in Art History and mi- nors in Anthropology and American History. Her interests are museum studies and contemporary art and she plans to eventually pursue an MA in curatorial studies. Katherine Ragan is a native Montrealer who recently completed her degree in Eco- nomics and Honours Political Science. She focused her degree towards Canadian and global health policy, and hopes to pursue graduate studies in public health in the near future. She also has a keen interest in matters of Canadian and Quebec na- tionalism and the politics of provincial-federal relationships. Chris Gismondi is a U1 Art History and History student, new to McGill. Chris is also a conceptual artist dealing largely with themes of self-identity, repetition and emotional healing. !e work under analysis, Romantic Canada, has recently been re-published for its «cultural importance» and it is important to view the work with a critical contemporary lens and make sure it does not lose its queer heritage. Chris has an interest in critical new art history incorporating queer theory, post-colonial- ism, feminisms and identity politics into scholarship. Jaya Bordeleau-Cass is an undergraduate student from Montréal, currently com- pleting a Joint Honours degree in Anthropology and Canadian Studies at McGill University. In solidarity with Indigenous Peoples worldwide, her work focuses on issues of social and environmental justice. Jaya is passionate about encouraging meaningful dialogue and cultural exchanges based on respect and integrity. Juliette Allen is a Cultural Studies Major at McGill with a personal and academ- ic interest in Indigenous Womanism and Two-Spirit critique. !ey are passionate about Native political resistance as well as contemporary and underground Aborigi- nal art. Additionally, Juliette is a video artist and a musician based in Montreal & Los Angeles. !ey aspire to create spaces for intellectual thought, art and radicalism in holistic community development. Jelena Stankovic is in her last year of the English Literature Honours Program. When she’s not trying to write her thesis on H.D. and Ezra Pound (or spending too much time on Twitter), she enjoys watching Community, horseback riding, and looking for that perfect cup of co%ee. Next year she will be starting a Masters of In- formation degree at University of Toronto in Librarianship, with which she hopes to become a Children’s and Youth Librarian. Letter from the Editors It is our pleasure to bring you the sixth volume of Canadian Content, a di- verse and timely collection of essays that speak, in their variety, to the multi-faceted character of the #eld of Canadian Studies. We thank all those who submitted essays for contributing to the academic discussion of Canada, including those whose work is not published here. We are also grateful to the Arts Undergraduate Society and the McGill Institute for the Study of Canada for their generous #nancial support, and to our editorial board for their valuable insight. McGill’s department of Canadian Studies is committed, in its undergradu- ate program, to pursuing an interdisciplinary approach to Canadian issues. We be- lieve the complex questions arising from the study of Canada demand consideration from many perspectives, calling for an open discourse between academics of dif- ferent backgrounds. Yet, while the questions of highest relevance change from year to year, the challenge of de#ning ‘Canadian’ issues remains formidable, due to the vastness of the subject under analysis and the baggage resulting from its colonial history. In the academic milieu, ‘Canada’ can serve as shorthand for a variety of top- ics – a political body, a geographic space, an artistic/literary canon or a Northerly conceptual entity. Within the last half-century, the prevailing antidote to the search for a national characteristic has been diversity, in reference both to Canada’s ethno- cultural demography and its regional idiosyncrasies. !e dual promise of national unity and acceptance of di%erence has garnered wide appeal since Confederation in 1867, and its pursuit has since manifested at the level of federal politics in instances like the policies of multiculturalism and universal health care. In the cultural arena, public broadcasting seeks – and currently struggles - to create distinctly Canadian programming with popular appeal, while national museums try to represent a ver- sion of ‘heritage’ that can be claimed by all Canadians. Such nation-building projects have historically been intended to conceptu- ally unite people from disparate corners of this vast and varied terrain. Nonetheless, these top-down approaches to de#ning Canada result, many claim, in the erasure or alienation of certain groups, including French Canadians, and especially Indig- enous peoples. !e results of Quebec’s most recent provincial election imply a more welcoming attitude toward cultural diversity than is sometimes attributed the prov- ince, but Francophone Quebecers arguably still face the threat of cultural subsump- tion, as explored here in Katherine Ragan’s discussion of the Charter of Values, and Jelena Stankovic’s essay on the MMAQ. As Stankovic implies, authoritative cultural institutions like museums and galleries can impose a vision of national identity on visitors to a greater extent than they re"ect how Canadians see themselves. !is is especially problematic where the exhibition of Indigenous art – or artifacts – is concerned, as here expressed by Eden Abramowitz. Instances of cultural appropriation and the exoticization of Native people can also be seen in works by non-Native artists but concerning Na- tive subjects, demonstrates
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