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Home , History of Russia

History 325: from its Origins to the Great Reforms Fall 2015 ______Dr. McCaffray Office: Morton 234 [email protected] Phone: 962-7542 Office hours: MW 12:30-4:30* and by appointment at other times *Once per month Dept. meeting on Monday at 3:30 will end office hours early: check with me!

Although the series of states called “Russian” have straddled the man-made border between Europe and Asia, all of these states have been rooted in the Christian, which is to say predominantly European, world. Thus being Russian is one of the many ways of being European, but since boundaries cause debate, many and Europeans debate about this. We can join the debate and have some fun with it, but we are not going to settle it.

Nonetheless, Russia is unique, just like every other country. Particular material and cultural characteristics, anchored in time, have made Russian civilization distinctive. The course of Russia’s history proceeded within the context of a harsh climate, sparse population, distance from the great Atlantic sea-routes, a particular relationship between the church and the state’ and extremely insecure national boundaries. Around the time of the founding of the Jamestown and Massachusetts Bay colonies in North America, the Russian social system was hardening into a unique combination of autocratic absolutism, , and noble privilege. In History 325 we will examine closely the relationship between rulers who eventually learned to create a strong state on this borderless plain and the people they ruled, who eventually learned how to accommodate, manipulate, and, sometimes, to escape their rulers.

Course Goals: In this course I hope you will:  Master significant details and interpretations of Russia's pre-20th c. history  Practice interpreting primary sources  Develop a habit of wondering about and articulating significant questions  Improve your ability to read complex non-fiction  Improve your ability to write about books and ideas  Become a clearer thinker  Contemplate the impact of history and geography on values and institutions  Ponder the relationship between luck and virtue in the history of nations Departmental Learning objectives This course is meant to contribute to the ability of History majors to achieve these things by the time they graduate:  frame historical questions  employ a broad range of sources in research  demonstrate awareness of interpretive differences  evaluate and analyze source material  write clearly and effectively  develop an interpretation based on evidence  grasp relevant historical facts and contexts  communicate orally Learn more about History Department Student Learning Outcomes here: http://www.uncw.edu/hst/majors/learninggoals.html

Graded work: Class discussions (4 @ 50 pts. each) 200 points Map Assignment 50 Mid-term Exam 150 Paper on Rude & Barbarous (5 pages) 100 Paper on Ransel (5 pages) 200 Paper on Gogol 100 Final Exam 200 1000 Grade scale: 900-1000: A; 800-899: B; 700-799: C; and so on. I will assign +/- grades at the end of the semester, splitting each per centile into thirds (e.g.: 800-832 = B-; 833-865= B; 866-899= B+).

Policies and suggestions:

 Because our classroom is small and the door is at the front of the room I have realized (reluctantly) the need to lock the door once class starts. Please do not try to enter after it is closed.  If you plan to use a laptop computer in the classroom make sure that you do not use it for any purpose other than taking notes for this class because other students may be distracted. If I observe other students being distracted by your computer I will ask you not to bring the laptop to class anymore.  Please ’t text in class. It makes me feel left out.  Please don’t bring out any electronic device at all during the exams.  I keep a record of attendance only for listed discussion days, and I will distribute the practices for grading discussions  Nonetheless, I must recommend regular attendance; it seems to help with both learning and with your final grade  Because this is an upper-level class, I assume you are familiar with what constitutes plagiarism and other forms of academic dishonesty; a full description of plagiarism and other important policies is available here: http://www.uncw.edu/odos/documents/cosl-current.pdf  I will not accept late work UNLESS you have discussed this with me in advance. If you do that, I probably will, probably with a point reduction.  Under no circumstance will I accept any work after the last day of classes  Having whined about all of that let me assure you that if you would like to come by my office and talk about history, the Russians, or your future educational plans, I would love to see you. If my office hours are not convenient just email me for a better time. I always try to be available at the advertised times, but if you know for sure you are coming by on a certain day feel free to verify that I will be there.

Books required and available for purchase at UNCW Bookstore and Seahawk Books or elsewhere:

James Cracraft, ed., Major Problems in the History of Imperial Russia (Heath, 1994) ISBN 0-669-21497-3 or 978-0669214970 Lloyd Berry & Robert Crummey, eds., Rude and Barbarous Kingdom (Wisconsin, 1968) 978-0299047641 David Ransel, A Russian Merchant’s Tale (Indiana, 2009) 978-0-253-22020-2 Nikolai Gogol, The Inspector General (any edition ok; Dover Thrift: 978-0-486- 28500-9)

A copy of this textbook: Catherine Evtuhov, et al. A History of Russia: Peoples, Legends, Events, Forces is on reserve in the Library if you would like to use it when you get confused; it is also a good source of maps and suggested readings:

Class Topics and Schedule of Assignments

PART I ESTABLISHING A STATE IN EURASIA

Week One Introduction Read: Syllabus; “The Arrival of the in Rus’” from the Russian Primary Chronicle (http://community.dur.ac.uk/a.k.harrington/Russhist.HTML)

Aug. 19 The envelope of Russian history Aug. 21 The Rus’ and their neighbors

Week Two The rise and fall of Kievan Rus’ Read: Cracraft, Chapter 1 (“Historical Overviews”) “The of Russia” from the RPC (http://community.dur.ac.uk/a.k.harrington/Russhist.HTML)

Aug. 24 Prince Vladimir adopts Christianity Aug. 26 Princes and Fratricide Aug. 28*** The Coming of the Map Assignment due

Week Three The Mongols and the Rise of Muscovy Read: Berry, “Two Early Voyages” (Chancellor and Jenkinson)

Aug. 31*** DISCUSSION NO. 1: What was the legacy of Kiev and the Mongols? Sept. 2 What does it take to make a state? Sept. 4 Neighbors and rivals: and

Week Four The Russian state: to be or not to be Read: Berry, “A Diplomatic Mission” (Randolph and Turberville)

Sept. 7 LABOR DAY: NO CLASS Sept. 9 The rocky fifteenth century Sept. 11 Monks and pioneers

Week Five The reign of Ivan IV, a.k.a., the Terrible Read: Berry, Giles Fletcher (start)

Sept. 14 The life and times of Ivan IV Sept. 16 War, expansion, crisis Sept. 18 Being a woman in Muscovite Russia

Week Six Collapse: The Read: Berry, Giles Fletcher (finish)

Sept. 21 Dynastic crisis and foreign Sept. 23 Popular monarchism/popular rebellion Sept. 25 The rise of serfdom

Week Seven The cruel seventeenth century Read: Cracraft, Chapter 2 (The Muscovite Heritage)

Sept. 28 Schism in the Orthodox Church Sept. 30 , , rebels Oct. 2*** DISCUSSION NO. 2: Ivan and the Englishmen Paper Due

Week Eight The Age of Read: Cracraft, Chapter 3 (The Era of Peter the Great)

Oct. 5 Peter and Sophia Oct. 7 Military persistence and government reform Oct. 9 Cultural revolution

Week Nine: Court, Capital and Palace Read: Cracraft, Ch. 4 (From Peter to Catherine)

Oct. 12 FALL BREAK: NO CLASS Oct. 14 Anna, Elizabeth and Peter III Oct. 16*** Mid-term Exam

PART 2 CONSOLIDATING AND CHALLENGING THE STATE

Week Ten Catherine the Greatest? Read: Cracraft, Ch. 5 (The Age of Catherine) and Documents pp. 249- 252 (Russia annexes ); Start Ransel, A Russian Merchant’s Tale

Oct. 19 The Enlightened Empress Oct. 21 Imperial Expansion Oct. 23 Commerce

Week Eleven The Age of Revolution Read: A Russian Merchant’s Tale

Oct. 26*** DISSCUSSION NO. 3 Was Russia modern in 1796? Oct. 28 Alexander I and the Oct. 30 Urban life, urban monarchy

Week Twelve Russia at the dawn of the nineteenth century Read: Finish Ransel, A Russian Merchant’s Tale

Nov. 2 Being a noble Nov. 4 Being a serf Nov. 6*** Adam Smith in Russia PAPER ON RANSEL DUE

Week Thirteen Russia’s Read: Cracraft, Ch. 7 (Apogee of Empire)

Nov. 9 Between Britain and France Nov. 11 The real war of 1812 Nov. 13 Decembrist Rebellion

Week Fourteen The Apogee of Russian Monarchy Read: Nikolai Gogol, The Inspector General

Nov. 16 Debating Emancipation Nov. 18 Eastern Question and Nov. 20 The Liberator

Week Fifteen Reform Read: Start Cracraft, Ch. 8 (Emancipation and the Great Reforms)

Nov. 23*** Paper on Gogol due Nov. 25-7 THANKSGIVING HOLIDAY: NO CLASS

Week Sixteen Consequences Read: Finish Cracraft, Ch. 8

Nov. 30 The Great Reforms and the death of the Reformer Dec. 2*** DISCUSSION NO. 4 on monarchy and emancipation