The Organ Symphony: Its Evolution in France and Transformation in Selected Works by American Composers of the Twentieth Century
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Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1997 The Organ Symphony: Its Evolution in France and Transformation in Selected Works by American Composers of the Twentieth Century. Richard Edward Beckford Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Beckford, Richard Edward, "The Organ Symphony: Its Evolution in France and Transformation in Selected Works by American Composers of the Twentieth Century." (1997). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 6466. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/6466 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. 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THE ORGAN SYMPHONY: ITS EVOLUTION IN FRANCE AND TRANSFORMATION IN SELECTED WORKS BY AMERICAN COMPOSERS OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY A Monograph Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Musical Arts in The School of Music by Richard Edward Beckford L.R.S.M., The Royal Schools of Music, 1982 LR.A.M., The Royal Academy of Music, 1984 A.R.Ç.M., The Royal College of Music, 1984 G.R.S.M. (Hons ), The Royal Academy of Music, 1986 MMus, The University of Southern Mississippi, 1990 August 1997 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. UMI Number: 9808723 Copyright 1997 by Beckford, Richard Edward All rights reserved. UMI Microform 9808723 Copyright 1997, by UMI Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. UMI 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, MI 48103 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. @ Copyright 1997 Richard Edward Beckford All rights reserved Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. To my mother Mavis, whose mellifluous voice first sparked the flame of music within my breast, To the memory of my late father Aston, who instilled in me the value of a good education. To the many, teachers and friends whose guidance, love, and prayerful support sustained and inspired me over the years To all these I dedicate the fruit of my labors. Ill Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS It is with deep gratitude that I acknowledge some of the persons who have made it all possible. Firstly, I thank the members of my committee for their guidance in this project, especially Hemdon Spillman, D.M.A., and Richard Kaplan Ph.D. I cannot name the many who have been my anchor over the years, I name but a few of those who, by their vision, have enabled me: Philip Quartararo Ph.D., a rock in times of trouble; David Sanger, F.R.C.O., Hon A.R.A.M; The Late Jean Anderson, B.Mus, L.R.S.M.; Paul Anderson, Ph.D.; and Southern University and A&M College. IV Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION............................................................................................................ iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS........................................................................................... iv LIST OF FIGURES................................................................................................... vil LIST O F EXAMPLES............................................................................................... vili ABSTRACT..............................................................................................................xi INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 1 The French Romantic Organ and the Organ Symphony: An Oven/iew.............................................................................................4 Aristide Cavaillé-Coll, the Man and His Instruments............................... 5 César Franck and the Grande Pièce Symphonique (1860) ................ 13 Charles-Marie Wider. The Ten Symphonies for Organ.........................16 Louis Vieme: The Six Symphonies for Organ........................................ 25 2 Four American Organ Symphonies ............................................................... 30 An Oven/iew of the Symphonies............................................................. 30 Leo Sowerby (1895-1968) ...................................................................... 30 Sowerby’s Symphony in G Major. ........................................................... 34 Garth Edmundson (1892-1971) .............................................................. 40 The Apostolic Symphony and "Gargoyles” from Impressions Gothiques......................................................................42 William Albright (1944-) ........................................................................... 50 Albrighfs Symphony for Organ. .............................................................. 53 David Diamond (1915-) ........................................................................... 67 Diamond’s Symphony for Organ. ............................................................69 3 Summary ...................................................................................................... 75 SELECTED REFERENCES.................................................................................... 82 APPENDICES 1 Specification of the Pierre Thierry Organ Housed in Saint Gen/ais, Paris Built in 1649-1650 ....................................................................................88 Specification of the Cavaillé-Coll Organ Installed in Saint Denis, Paris, in 1841................................................... 89 Specification of the Cavaillé-Coll Organ Installed in Sainte-Clothilde, Paris, in 1859 ............................................ 91 Specification of the Organ in Saint Sulpice, Paris Rebuilt by Cavaillé-Coll in 1862 .............................................................. 92 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Specification of the Cavaillé-Coll organ Installed in the Nôtre Dame Cathedral, Paris, in 1868 Restored in 1894, and the Récit Altered in 1899 ....................................94 Specification of the Organ in the Fourth Presbyterian Church, Chicago, Built by Ernest M. Skinner in 1914 (Opus 210)..................... 95 Specification of the 1920 Austin Organ Housed in Saint James Cathedral, Chicago.......................................... 97 2 William Albright’s Organ Compositions of the 1980’s ................................. 98 3 Leonard Raver’s Suggested Registrations for David Diamond’s Symphony for Organ. ................................................ 100 VITA........................................................................................................................ 101 VI Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. LIST OF FIGURES 1. Movements of Widor’s Symphonies Nos. 1-4, Op. 13...................................... 18 2. Movements of Widor’s Symphonies Nos. 5-8, Op. 42 ..................................... 21 3. Movements of Widor’s Symphonies Gothique and Romans, 0p p . 70 & 73................................................................................................. 24 4. Movements of Vieme’s