DOCSLIB.ORG

Gamundi Et Al.PM6

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

I. J. GAMUNDÍ et al. Checklist of the DiscomycetesDARWINIANA of Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego and adjacent AntarcticISSN 0011-6793 areas 42(1-4): 63-164. 2004 CHECKLIST OF THE DISCOMYCETES (FUNGI) OF PATAGONIA, TIERRA DEL FUEGO AND ADJACENT ANTARCTIC AREAS IRMA J. GAMUNDÍ 1, DAVID W. MINTER 2, ANDREA I. ROMERO 3, VIVIANA A. BARRERA 4, ANDREINA L. GIAIOTTI 1, MARÍA I. MESSUTI 1 & MARINA STECCONI 1 1 Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Quintral 1250, 8400 San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 2 CABI Bioscience, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey, TW20 9TY, UK. E-mail: [email protected] 3 Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Depto. de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428 Capital Federal, Argentina. E-mail: [email protected] 4 Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola, CICVyA, INTA, Casilla de Correo 25, 1712 Castelar, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Gamundí, I. J., Minter, D. W., Romero, A. I., Barrera, V. A., Giaiotti, A. L., Messuti, M. I. & Stecconi, M. 2004. Checklist of the Discomycetes (Fungi) of Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego and adjacent Antarctic areas. Darwiniana 42(1-4): 63-164. Information about fungi of the orders Cyttariales, Helotiales, Ostropales, Pezizales, Rhytismatales and Thelebolales (Discomycetes) collected in Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego and adjacent antarctic areas (Patagonia), and information about their associated organisms was located, abstracted, keyboarded, edited and validated. The largest single information sources were dried reference collections in Argentina and elsewhere, and published information as listed in this work’s bibliography. Other records were derived from fresh collections, other reference collections and field observations. Information is stored in a computerized system of relational databases for taxonomic, nomenclatural, bibliographic and biological observations data. This system allows storage of parallel data in different languages, and distinguishes original information from current opinion about what that information may mean. In the Biological Records Database, 5029 separate records were created for observations on the spatial and temporal occurrence of living organisms in the region. Of these 2613 were Discomycetes, with records derived as follows: Patagonia and Tierra del Fuego (Argentina, 1854; Chile, 687); adjacent antarctic areas (72). Excluding synonyms, these Discomycetes represented 361 species and subspecific taxa (160 genera, 22 families and 7 orders) the remaining records were organisms associated with these Discomycetes as follows: 163 of animals (8 species, 8 genera, 6 families and 5 orders); 2 of chromistans; 223 of fungi (52 species, 54 genera, 26 families and 13 orders); 2028 of plants (159 species, 122 genera, 59 families and 39 orders). Each of these different taxa (and each known synonym) is represented by a separate record in the Taxonomic & Nomenclatural Database. Information about relevant bibliographic sources is stored in more than 120 records in the Bibliographic Database. The databases were used to produce the present checklist of names given to Discomycetes observed in Patagonia. A typical entry comprises the fungus name, author(s), and information on the original place of publication of the name, together with any known synonyms (classification at generic level and above largely follows the 9th edition of Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of the Fungi, Kirk et al., 2001). This is followed by basic information derived from the databases: the number of times the fungus has been recorded from the region, the date of the earliest record from the region, months in which the fungus has been observed in the region, geographical distribution by country (and within countries by an appropriate subnational division), associated organism and substrata, a list of reference collection numbers identifying preserved specimens and sometimes living isolates of each fungus, and bibliographic citations identifying any published sources of the information. The status of each name is indicated and, where appropriate, synonyms are provided and cross-indexed. The list is accompanied by an explanatory introduction, a taxonomic index, indexes by countries and subnational divisions of the region, by taxonomy of associated organisms and by substrata, and a bibliography. No new taxa are described. Apart from four new nomenclatural combinations, no new scientific names of any sort are knowingly introduced. 63 Darwiniana 42(1-4). 2004 Key words: Discomycetes, Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica, Checklist. RESUMEN: Gamundí, I. J., Minter, D. W., Romero, A. I., Barrera, V. A., Giaiotti, A. L., Messuti, M. I. & Stecconi, M. 2004. Catálogo de los Discomycetes (Fungi) de Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego y áreas antárticas adjacentes. Darwiniana 42(1-4): 63-164. La información brindada en este catálogo consiste en registrar las especies de hongos pertenecientes a los órdenes Cyttariales, Helotiales, Ostropales, Pezizales, Rhytismatales y Thelebolales (Discomycetes) coleccionadas en Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego y áreas adyacentes antárticas (Patagonia). Además datos sobre sus organismos asociados fueron localizados, resumidos, validados y editados. Las fuentes de información fueron las exsiccatae depositadas en colecciones de Argentina y otros países y de las publicaciones listadas en la bibliografía. Otros registros derivaron de observacio- nes de campo sobre material fresco y colecciones de referencia. La información fue acumulada en un sistema computarizado relacional de datos taxonómicos, nomenclaturales, bibliográficos, de distribu- ción geográfica y de observaciones biológicas. Este sistema permite la acumulación de datos paralelos en diferentes idiomas, y distingue la información original de la opinión corriente de lo que puede significar esa información. En la Biological Records Database, 5029 registros fueron creados para observaciones sobre la ocurrencia temporal y espacial de los organismos vivos de la región. De éstos, 2613 corresponden a registros de colecciones de Discomycetes de la Patagonia y Tierra del Fuego, con la siguiente distribución: 1854 para a la Argentina, 687 para Chile y 72 para áreas adyacentes antárticas. Excluyendo los sinónimos, los Discomycetes están representados por 361 especies y taxones subespecíficos (160 géneros, 22 familias y 7 órdenes). Los registros remanentes fueron de organismos asociados con los Discomycetes: 163 animales (8 especies, 8 géneros, 6 familias y 5 órdenes); 2 Chromista; 223 hongos (52 especies, 54 géneros, 26 familias y 13 ódenes); 2028 plantas (159 especies, 122 géneros, 59 familias y 39 órdenes). Cada uno de estos taxones (y cada sinónimo conocido) está representado por un registro separado en la Base de Datos Taxonómica y Nomenclatural. La informa- ción sobre fuentes relevantes de bibliografía fue acumulada en más de 120 registros en la Base de Datos de Bibliografía. Un registro típico consiste en: nombre del hongo; autor(es); lugar original de la publicación del nombre; sinónimos conocidos. La clasificación a nivel genérico y superior sigue la 9th edición de Ainsworth & Bisby’s Dictionary of Fungi (Kirk et al., 2001). A estos datos sigue la información básica derivada de la base de datos: número de veces que la especie ha sido coleccionada en el área; fecha del primer registro para el área; meses en los cuales el hongo ha sido observado en el área; distribución geográfica por país, y dentro del país por subdivisiones apropiadas (Región, Provin- cia, Departamento); organismos asociados y sustrato, una lista de referencia de los números de colección de los especímenes preservados y citas bibliográficas de las fuentes de información y del identificador de cada colección. Se indica el status de cada nombre y, cuando es posible, los sinónimos y un índice cruzado. Esta lista se acompaña de una introducción, índice taxonómico, índice por país (y subdivisiones políticas), índice taxonómico de los organismos asociados, índice de sustratos y biblio- grafía. No se describen taxones nuevos, aunque sí cuatro nuevas combinaciones. Palabras clave: Discomycetes, Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego, Antártida, Catálogo. Moore (1983), Veblen, Hill & Read (1996)]. Much INTRODUCTION information about these fungi exists, but until now The number of fungal species worldwide is a large portion is hard to access, being held, for thought to be not fewer than 1.5 million, of which example, on labels in dried reference collections, less than 5% have been described (Hawksworth, often outside the country of origin. This checklist 1991). This is a checklist of one component: provides basic scientific information about the members of the orders Cyttariales, Helotiales, name of each organism and where it was Pezizales, Ostropales, Rhytismatales and Thele- published, together with data on its systematic bolales (Discomycetes) of Patagonia, Tierra del position, frequency, known distribution, ecology Fuego and adjacent antarctic areas (Patagonia) and biblio-graphic references. For the fungi, some [Fig. 1, based on Roig (1998), Grau & Zizka (1992), recent examples of checklists are The British Asco- 64 I. J. GAMUNDÍ et al. Checklist of the Discomycetes of Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego and adjacent Antarctic areas mycotina (Cannon et al., 1985), Fungi on Plants of Discomycetes from Patagonia: this work
Recommended publications
  • Ascomyceteorg 06-05 Ascomyceteorg

    Ascomyceteorg 06-05 Ascomyceteorg

    “The story so far...” An Interim Bibliography of Hans-Otto Baral for the Years 1981-2014 Martin BEMMANN Ascomycete.org, 6 (5) : 95-98. Décembre 2014 Mise en ligne le 18/12/2014 Hans-Otto Baral, aka “Zotto”, has contributed a vast amount of pa- BARAL H.-O. 1987. — Der Apikalapparat der Helotiales. Eine lichtmi- pers and digital publications which have inspired not only his aca- kroskopische Studie über Arten mit Amyloidring. Zeitschrift für demic colleagues but also the community of amateur mycologists, Mykologie, 53 (1): 119-135. whose efforts he has included in his ascomycete research for de- [http://www.dgfm-ev.de/sites/default/files/ZM531119Baral.pdf] cades, thus helping stimulate their own work. This compilation of BARAL H.-O. 1989. — Beiträge zur Taxonomie der Discomyceten I. his publications and ephemeral works to date is also intended as a Zeitschrift für Mykologie, 55 (1): 119-130. guide for all those who are unaware of its extent, and includes keys [http://www.dgfm-ev.de/sites/default/files/ZM551119Baral.pdf] and some otherwise unpublished papers shared on the DVD “In Vivo BARAL H.-O. 1989. — Beiträge zur Taxonomie der Discomyceten II. Veritas 2005”. Die Calycellina-Arten mit 4sporigen Asci. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der The form “H.-O.” Baral as opposed to “H. O.” Baral has been used Pilze Mitteleuropas, 5: 209-236. consistently throughout, though it varies in the different publica- BARAL H.-O. 1992. — Vital versus herbarium taxonomy: morphologi- tions. Only names of genera and species are set in italics even if this cal differences between living and dead cells of Ascomycetes, and deviates from the original titles.
  • Preliminary Classification of Leotiomycetes

    Preliminary Classification of Leotiomycetes

    Mycosphere 10(1): 310–489 (2019) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes Ekanayaka AH1,2, Hyde KD1,2, Gentekaki E2,3, McKenzie EHC4, Zhao Q1,*, Bulgakov TS5, Camporesi E6,7 1Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China 2Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 3School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 4Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand 5Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops, 2/28 Yana Fabritsiusa Street, Sochi 354002, Krasnodar region, Russia 6A.M.B. Gruppo Micologico Forlivese “Antonio Cicognani”, Via Roma 18, Forlì, Italy. 7A.M.B. Circolo Micologico “Giovanni Carini”, C.P. 314 Brescia, Italy. Ekanayaka AH, Hyde KD, Gentekaki E, McKenzie EHC, Zhao Q, Bulgakov TS, Camporesi E 2019 – Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes. Mycosphere 10(1), 310–489, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Abstract Leotiomycetes is regarded as the inoperculate class of discomycetes within the phylum Ascomycota. Taxa are mainly characterized by asci with a simple pore blueing in Melzer’s reagent, although some taxa have lost this character. The monophyly of this class has been verified in several recent molecular studies. However, circumscription of the orders, families and generic level delimitation are still unsettled. This paper provides a modified backbone tree for the class Leotiomycetes based on phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF, and RPB2 loci. In the phylogenetic analysis, Leotiomycetes separates into 19 clades, which can be recognized as orders and order-level clades.
  • Orbilia Ultrastructure, Character Evolution and Phylogeny of Pezizomycotina

    Orbilia Ultrastructure, Character Evolution and Phylogeny of Pezizomycotina

    Mycologia, 104(2), 2012, pp. 462–476. DOI: 10.3852/11-213 # 2012 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897 Orbilia ultrastructure, character evolution and phylogeny of Pezizomycotina T.K. Arun Kumar1 INTRODUCTION Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota 55108 Ascomycota is a monophyletic phylum (Lutzoni et al. 2004, James et al. 2006, Spatafora et al. 2006, Hibbett Rosanne Healy et al. 2007) comprising three subphyla, Taphrinomy- Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, cotina, Saccharomycotina and Pezizomycotina (Su- St Paul, Minnesota 55108 giyama et al. 2006, Hibbett et al. 2007). Taphrinomy- Joseph W. Spatafora cotina, according to the current classification (Hibbett Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon et al. 2007), consists of four classes, Neolectomycetes, State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 Pneumocystidiomycetes, Schizosaccharomycetes, Ta- phrinomycetes, and an unplaced genus, Saitoella, Meredith Blackwell whose members are ecologically and morphologically Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 highly diverse (Sugiyama et al. 2006). Soil Clone Group 1, poorly known from geographically wide- David J. McLaughlin spread environmental samples and a single culture, Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, was suggested as a fourth subphylum (Porter et al. St Paul, Minnesota 55108 2008). More recently however the group has been described as a new class of Taphrinomycotina, Archae- orhizomycetes (Rosling et al. 2011), based primarily on Abstract: Molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate information from rRNA sequences. The mode of that the monophyletic classes Orbiliomycetes and sexual reproduction in Taphrinomycotina is ascogen- Pezizomycetes are among the earliest diverging ous without the formation of ascogenous hyphae, and branches of Pezizomycotina, the largest subphylum except for the enigmatic, apothecium-producing of the Ascomycota.
  • A Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Investigation of Conifer Endophytes

    A Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Investigation of Conifer Endophytes

    A Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Investigation of Conifer Endophytes of Eastern Canada by Joey B. Tanney A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biology Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2016 Abstract Research interest in endophytic fungi has increased substantially, yet is the current research paradigm capable of addressing fundamental taxonomic questions? More than half of the ca. 30,000 endophyte sequences accessioned into GenBank are unidentified to the family rank and this disparity grows every year. The problems with identifying endophytes are a lack of taxonomically informative morphological characters in vitro and a paucity of relevant DNA reference sequences. A study involving ca. 2,600 Picea endophyte cultures from the Acadian Forest Region in Eastern Canada sought to address these taxonomic issues with a combined approach involving molecular methods, classical taxonomy, and field work. It was hypothesized that foliar endophytes have complex life histories involving saprotrophic reproductive stages associated with the host foliage, alternative host substrates, or alternate hosts. Based on inferences from phylogenetic data, new field collections or herbarium specimens were sought to connect unidentifiable endophytes with identifiable material. Approximately 40 endophytes were connected with identifiable material, which resulted in the description of four novel genera and 21 novel species and substantial progress in endophyte taxonomy. Endophytes were connected with saprotrophs and exhibited reproductive stages on non-foliar tissues or different hosts. These results provide support for the foraging ascomycete hypothesis, postulating that for some fungi endophytism is a secondary life history strategy that facilitates persistence and dispersal in the absence of a primary host.
  • Bulgariella Pulla, a Leotiomycete of Uncertain Placement, with an Uncommon Type of Ascus Opening

    Bulgariella Pulla, a Leotiomycete of Uncertain Placement, with an Uncommon Type of Ascus Opening

    Mycologia ISSN: 0027-5514 (Print) 1557-2536 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/umyc20 Bulgariella pulla, a Leotiomycete of uncertain placement, with an uncommon type of ascus opening Teresa Iturriaga, Katherine F. LoBuglio & Donald H. Pfister To cite this article: Teresa Iturriaga, Katherine F. LoBuglio & Donald H. Pfister (2017) Bulgariella pulla, a Leotiomycete of uncertain placement, with an uncommon type of ascus opening, Mycologia, 109:6, 900-911, DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2017.1418590 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2017.1418590 Accepted author version posted online: 09 Mar 2018. Published online: 14 Mar 2018. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 79 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=umyc20 MYCOLOGIA 2017, VOL. 109, NO. 6, 900–911 https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2017.1418590 Bulgariella pulla, a Leotiomycete of uncertain placement, with an uncommon type of ascus opening Teresa Iturriaga a,b, Katherine F. LoBuglioa, and Donald H. Pfister a aFarlow Herbarium, Harvard University, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138; bDepartamento Biología de Organismos, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Caracas, Venezuela ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Bulgariella pulla (Leotiomycetes) is redescribed with the addition of characters of the ascus, spores, Received 8 December 2016 and habitat that were previously unconsidered. The ascus dehiscence mechanism in Bulgariella is Accepted 14 December 2017 unusual among Leotiomycetes. In this genus, asci lack a pore and open by splitting to form valves. KEYWORDS α α Phylogenetic analyses of partial sequences of translation elongation factor 1- (TEF1- ), the second Ascus dehiscence; Helotiales; largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (RPB2), and the 18S and 28S nuc rRNA genes determined that Pezizomycotina; phylogeny; Bulgariella belongs within Leotiomycetes but without conclusive assignment to an order or family.
  • Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two

    Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two

    (topsheet) Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113. Fieldiana, Botany H. Thorsten Lumbsch Dept. of Botany Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr. Chicago, IL 60605 (312) 665-7881 fax: 312-665-7158 e-mail: [email protected] Sabine M. Huhndorf Dept. of Botany Field Museum 1400 S. Lake Shore Dr. Chicago, IL 60605 (312) 665-7855 fax: 312-665-7158 e-mail: [email protected] 1 (cover page) FIELDIANA Botany NEW SERIES NO 00 Myconet Volume 14 Part One. Outine of Ascomycota – 2009 Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113 H. Thorsten Lumbsch Sabine M. Huhndorf [Date] Publication 0000 PUBLISHED BY THE FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 2 Table of Contents Abstract Part One. Outline of Ascomycota - 2009 Introduction Literature Cited Index to Ascomycota Subphylum Taphrinomycotina Class Neolectomycetes Class Pneumocystidomycetes Class Schizosaccharomycetes Class Taphrinomycetes Subphylum Saccharomycotina Class Saccharomycetes Subphylum Pezizomycotina Class Arthoniomycetes Class Dothideomycetes Subclass Dothideomycetidae Subclass Pleosporomycetidae Dothideomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera Class Eurotiomycetes Subclass Chaetothyriomycetidae Subclass Eurotiomycetidae Subclass Mycocaliciomycetidae Class Geoglossomycetes Class Laboulbeniomycetes Class Lecanoromycetes Subclass Acarosporomycetidae Subclass Lecanoromycetidae Subclass Ostropomycetidae 3 Lecanoromycetes incertae sedis: orders, genera Class Leotiomycetes Leotiomycetes incertae sedis: families, genera Class Lichinomycetes Class Orbiliomycetes Class Pezizomycetes Class Sordariomycetes Subclass Hypocreomycetidae Subclass Sordariomycetidae Subclass Xylariomycetidae Sordariomycetes incertae sedis: orders, families, genera Pezizomycotina incertae sedis: orders, families Part Two. Notes on ascomycete systematics. Nos. 4751 – 5113 Introduction Literature Cited 4 Abstract Part One presents the current classification that includes all accepted genera and higher taxa above the generic level in the phylum Ascomycota.
  • Fungal Endophytes in a Seed-Free Host: New Species That Demonstrate Unique Community Dynamics

    Fungal Endophytes in a Seed-Free Host: New Species That Demonstrate Unique Community Dynamics

    Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses Spring 5-23-2018 Fungal Endophytes in a Seed-Free Host: New Species that Demonstrate Unique Community Dynamics Brett Steven Younginger Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Biology Commons, and the Fungi Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Younginger, Brett Steven, "Fungal Endophytes in a Seed-Free Host: New Species that Demonstrate Unique Community Dynamics" (2018). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 4387. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.6271 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. Fungal Endophytes in a Seed-Free Host: New Species That Demonstrate Unique Community Dynamics by Brett Steven Younginger A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biology Dissertation Committee: Daniel J. Ballhorn, Chair Mitchell B. Cruzan Todd N. Rosenstiel John G. Bishop Catherine E. de Rivera Portland State University 2018 © 2018 Brett Steven Younginger Abstract Fungal endophytes are highly diverse, cryptic plant endosymbionts that form asymptomatic infections within host tissue. They represent a large fraction of the millions of undescribed fungal taxa on our planet with some demonstrating mutualistic benefits to their hosts including herbivore and pathogen defense and abiotic stress tolerance. Other endophytes are latent saprotrophs or pathogens, awaiting host plant senescence to begin alternative stages of their life cycles.
  • Notizbuchartige Auswahlliste Zur Bestimmungsliteratur Für Europäische Pilzgattungen Der Discomyceten Und Hypogäischen Ascomyc

    Notizbuchartige Auswahlliste Zur Bestimmungsliteratur Für Europäische Pilzgattungen Der Discomyceten Und Hypogäischen Ascomyc

    Pilzgattungen Europas - Liste 8: Notizbuchartige Auswahlliste zur Bestimmungsliteratur für Discomyceten und hypogäische Ascomyceten Bernhard Oertel INRES Universität Bonn Auf dem Hügel 6 D-53121 Bonn E-mail: [email protected] 24.06.2011 Beachte: Ascomycota mit Discomyceten-Phylogenie, aber ohne Fruchtkörperbildung, wurden von mir in die Pyrenomyceten-Datei gestellt. Erstaunlich ist die Vielzahl der Ordnungen, auf die die nicht- lichenisierten Discomyceten verteilt sind. Als Überblick soll die folgende Auflistung dieser Ordnungen dienen, wobei die Zuordnung der Arten u. Gattungen dabei noch sehr im Fluss ist, so dass mit ständigen Änderungen bei der Systematik zu rechnen ist. Es darf davon ausgegangen werden, dass die Lichenisierung bestimmter Arten in vielen Fällen unabhängig voneinander verlorengegangen ist, so dass viele Ordnungen mit üblicherweise lichenisierten Vertretern auch einige wenige sekundär entstandene, nicht-licheniserte Arten enthalten. Eine Aufzählung der zahlreichen Familien innerhalb dieser Ordnungen würde sogar den Rahmen dieser Arbeit sprengen, dafür muss auf Kirk et al. (2008) u. auf die neuste Version des Outline of Ascomycota verwiesen werden (www.fieldmuseum.org/myconet/outline.asp). Die Ordnungen der europäischen nicht-lichenisierten Discomyceten und hypogäischen Ascomyceten Wegen eines fehlenden modernen Buches zur deutschen Discomycetenflora soll hier eine Übersicht über die Ordnungen der Discomyceten mit nicht-lichenisierten Vertretern vorangestellt werden (ca. 18 europäische Ordnungen mit nicht- lichenisierten Discomyceten): Agyriales (zu Lecanorales?) Lebensweise: Zum Teil lichenisiert Arthoniales (= Opegraphales) Lebensweise: Zum Teil lichenisiert Caliciales (zu Lecanorales?) Lebensweise: Zum Teil lichenisiert Erysiphales (diese aus praktischen Gründen in der Pyrenomyceten- Datei abgehandelt) Graphidales [seit allerneuster Zeit wieder von den Ostropales getrennt gehalten; s. Wedin et al. (2005), MR 109, 159-172; Lumbsch et al.
  • Citizen Science Facilitates Phylogenetic Placement of Old Species of Non-Lichenised Pezizomycotina Based on Newly Collected Material

    Citizen Science Facilitates Phylogenetic Placement of Old Species of Non-Lichenised Pezizomycotina Based on Newly Collected Material

    CZECH MYCOLOGY 72(2): 263–280, DECEMBER 16, 2020 (ONLINE VERSION, ISSN 1805-1421) Citizen science facilitates phylogenetic placement of old species of non-lichenised Pezizomycotina based on newly collected material 1 2 1 3 ONDŘEJ KOUKOL ,VIKTORIE HALASŮ ,LUKÁŠ JANOŠÍK ,PATRIK MLČOCH , 4 5 6 ADAM POLHORSKÝ ,MARKÉTA ŠANDOVÁ ,LUCIE ZÍBAROVÁ 1 Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Praha 2, Czech Republic; [email protected] 2 Václava III. 10, CZ-771 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic 3 Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic 4 Pezinská 14, SK-903 01 Senec, Slovakia 5 Mycological Department, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, CZ-193 00 Praha 9, Czech Republic 6 Resslova 26, CZ-400 01 Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic Koukol O., Halasů V., Janošík L., Mlčoch P., Polhorský A., Šandová M., Zíbarová L. (2020): Citizen science facilitates phylogenetic placement of old species of non- lichenised Pezizomycotina based on newly collected material. – Czech Mycol. 72(2): 263–280. During the informal Spring Micromyco 2019 meeting, we tested how newly obtained molecular barcodes of common or poorly known saprotrophic microfungi from more or less targeted collec- tions may be useful for identification and taxonomic studies. Our aim was to obtain DNA sequences of fungi enabling their phylogenetic placement and routine identification in the future using molecu- lar barcoding. As a result, DNA of four species was sequenced for the first time, among them Leptosphaeria acuta, for which a new synonym L. urticae is proposed. The new combination Koorchaloma melaloma is proposed for a species previously known as Volutella melaloma and its new synonym is K.
  • The Root-Symbiotic Rhizoscyphus Ericae Aggregate and Hyaloscypha (Leotiomycetes) Are Congeneric: Phylogenetic and Experimental Evidence

    The Root-Symbiotic Rhizoscyphus Ericae Aggregate and Hyaloscypha (Leotiomycetes) Are Congeneric: Phylogenetic and Experimental Evidence

    available online at www.studiesinmycology.org STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY 92: 195–225 (2019). The root-symbiotic Rhizoscyphus ericae aggregate and Hyaloscypha (Leotiomycetes) are congeneric: Phylogenetic and experimental evidence J. Fehrer1*,3,M.Reblova1,3, V. Bambasova1, and M. Vohník1,2 1Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic; 2Department of Plant Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic *Correspondence: J. Fehrer, [email protected] 3These authors contributed equally to the paper. Abstract: Data mining for a phylogenetic study including the prominent ericoid mycorrhizal fungus Rhizoscyphus ericae revealed nearly identical ITS sequences of the bryophilous Hyaloscypha hepaticicola suggesting they are conspecific. Additional genetic markers and a broader taxonomic sampling furthermore suggested that the sexual Hyaloscypha and the asexual Meliniomyces may be congeneric. In order to further elucidate these issues, type strains of all species traditionally treated as members of the Rhizoscyphus ericae aggregate (REA) and related taxa were subjected to phylogenetic analyses based on ITS, nrLSU, mtSSU, and rpb2 markers to produce comparable datasets while an in vitro re-synthesis experiment was conducted to examine the root-symbiotic potential of H. hepaticicola in the Ericaceae. Phylogenetic evidence demonstrates that sterile root-associated Meliniomyces, sexual Hyaloscypha and Rhizoscyphus, based on R. ericae, are indeed congeneric. To this monophylum also belongs the phialidic dematiaceous hyphomycetes Cadophora finlandica and Chloridium paucisporum. We provide a taxonomic revision of the REA; Meliniomyces and Rhizoscyphus are reduced to synonymy under Hyaloscypha. Pseudaegerita, typified by P. corticalis, an asexual morph of H. spiralis which is a core member of Hyaloscypha, is also transferred to the synonymy of the latter genus.
  • A Multigene Phylogeny Toward a New Phylogenetic Classification of Leotiomycetes Peter R

    A Multigene Phylogeny Toward a New Phylogenetic Classification of Leotiomycetes Peter R

    Johnston et al. IMA Fungus (2019) 10:1 https://doi.org/10.1186/s43008-019-0002-x IMA Fungus RESEARCH Open Access A multigene phylogeny toward a new phylogenetic classification of Leotiomycetes Peter R. Johnston1* , Luis Quijada2, Christopher A. Smith1, Hans-Otto Baral3, Tsuyoshi Hosoya4, Christiane Baschien5, Kadri Pärtel6, Wen-Ying Zhuang7, Danny Haelewaters2,8, Duckchul Park1, Steffen Carl5, Francesc López-Giráldez9, Zheng Wang10 and Jeffrey P. Townsend10 Abstract Fungi in the class Leotiomycetes are ecologically diverse, including mycorrhizas, endophytes of roots and leaves, plant pathogens, aquatic and aero-aquatic hyphomycetes, mammalian pathogens, and saprobes. These fungi are commonly detected in cultures from diseased tissue and from environmental DNA extracts. The identification of specimens from such character-poor samples increasingly relies on DNA sequencing. However, the current classification of Leotiomycetes is still largely based on morphologically defined taxa, especially at higher taxonomic levels. Consequently, the formal Leotiomycetes classification is frequently poorly congruent with the relationships suggested by DNA sequencing studies. Previous class-wide phylogenies of Leotiomycetes have been based on ribosomal DNA markers, with most of the published multi-gene studies being focussed on particular genera or families. In this paper we collate data available from specimens representing both sexual and asexual morphs from across the genetic breadth of the class, with a focus on generic type species, to present a phylogeny based on up to 15 concatenated genes across 279 specimens. Included in the dataset are genes that were extracted from 72 of the genomes available for the class, including 10 new genomes released with this study. To test the statistical support for the deepest branches in the phylogeny, an additional phylogeny based on 3156 genes from 51 selected genomes is also presented.
  • The Mycobiome of Symptomatic Wood of Prunus Trees in Germany

    The Mycobiome of Symptomatic Wood of Prunus Trees in Germany

    The mycobiome of symptomatic wood of Prunus trees in Germany Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I – Biowissenschaften – der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg vorgelegt von Herrn Steffen Bien Geb. am 29.07.1985 in Berlin Copyright notice Chapters 2 to 4 have been published in international journals. Only the publishers and the authors have the right for publishing and using the presented data. Any re-use of the presented data requires permissions from the publishers and the authors. Content III Content Summary .................................................................................................................. IV Zusammenfassung .................................................................................................. VI Abbreviations ......................................................................................................... VIII 1 General introduction ............................................................................................. 1 1.1 Importance of fungal diseases of wood and the knowledge about the associated fungal diversity ...................................................................................... 1 1.2 Host-fungus interactions in wood and wood diseases ....................................... 2 1.3 The genus Prunus ............................................................................................. 4 1.4 Diseases and fungal communities of Prunus wood ..........................................