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Ascomyceteorg 06-05 Ascomyceteorg
“The story so far...” An Interim Bibliography of Hans-Otto Baral for the Years 1981-2014 Martin BEMMANN Ascomycete.org, 6 (5) : 95-98. Décembre 2014 Mise en ligne le 18/12/2014 Hans-Otto Baral, aka “Zotto”, has contributed a vast amount of pa- BARAL H.-O. 1987. — Der Apikalapparat der Helotiales. Eine lichtmi- pers and digital publications which have inspired not only his aca- kroskopische Studie über Arten mit Amyloidring. Zeitschrift für demic colleagues but also the community of amateur mycologists, Mykologie, 53 (1): 119-135. whose efforts he has included in his ascomycete research for de- [http://www.dgfm-ev.de/sites/default/files/ZM531119Baral.pdf] cades, thus helping stimulate their own work. This compilation of BARAL H.-O. 1989. — Beiträge zur Taxonomie der Discomyceten I. his publications and ephemeral works to date is also intended as a Zeitschrift für Mykologie, 55 (1): 119-130. guide for all those who are unaware of its extent, and includes keys [http://www.dgfm-ev.de/sites/default/files/ZM551119Baral.pdf] and some otherwise unpublished papers shared on the DVD “In Vivo BARAL H.-O. 1989. — Beiträge zur Taxonomie der Discomyceten II. Veritas 2005”. Die Calycellina-Arten mit 4sporigen Asci. Beiträge zur Kenntnis der The form “H.-O.” Baral as opposed to “H. O.” Baral has been used Pilze Mitteleuropas, 5: 209-236. consistently throughout, though it varies in the different publica- BARAL H.-O. 1992. — Vital versus herbarium taxonomy: morphologi- tions. Only names of genera and species are set in italics even if this cal differences between living and dead cells of Ascomycetes, and deviates from the original titles. -
The Culture-Independent Analysis of Fungal Endophytes of Wheat Grown in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
THE CULTURE-INDEPENDENT ANALYSIS OF FUNGAL ENDOPHYTES OF WHEAT GROWN IN KWAZULU-NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA By Richard Jörn Burgdorf Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY In Microbiology School of Life Sciences College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science Pietermaritzburg South Africa December 2016 Thesis summary Fungal endophytes are of interest due to their diverse taxonomy and biological functions. A range of definitions exists based on their identity, morphology, location and relationship with their host. Fungal endophytes belong to a wide range of taxa and they are categorized by a variety of characteristics. The detection and identification of these fungal endophytes can be performed using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. These organisms have a range of application in pharmaceutical discovery and agriculture. Agricultural applications include the exploitation of the growth promoting and protective properties of fungal endophytes in crops such as wheat. This important crop is grown in South Africa where biotic and environmental stresses pose a challenge to its cultivation. Fungal endophytes have demonstrated potential to ameliorate these challenges. Future research will reveal how they can be harnessed to fight food insecurity brought about by stress factors such as climate change. Extraneous DNA interferes with PCR studies of endophytic fungi. A procedure was developed with which to evaluate the removal of extraneous DNA. Wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves were sprayed with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and then subjected to physical and chemical surface treatments. The fungal ITS1 products were amplified from whole tissue DNA extractions. ANOVA was performed on the DNA bands representing S. cerevisiae on the agarose gel. -
Bitter Rot of Apples
Bitter Rot of Apples: Recent Changes in What We Know and Implications for Disease Management (A review of recent literature and perspectives on what we still need to learn) Compiled for a presentation at the Cumberland-Shenandoah Fruit Workers Conference in Winchester, VA, December 1-2, 2016 Dave Rosenberger, Plant Pathologist and Professor Emeritus Cornell’s Hudson Valley Lab, Highland, NY Apple growers, private consultants, and extension specialists have all noted that bitter rot is increasingly common and is causing sporadic but economically significant losses throughout the northeastern and north central apple growing regions of North America. Forty years ago, bitter rot was considered a “southern disease” and apples with bitter rot were rarely observed in northern production regions. Four factors have probably contributed to the increasing incidence of bitter rot in these regions. First, as a result of global warming, we have more days during summer with warm wetting events that are essential for initiating bitter rot infections and perhaps for increasing inoculum within orchards before the bitter rot pathogens move to apple fruit. Second, some new cultivars (e.g., Honeycrisp) are very susceptible to infection. Third, we are also growing more late-maturing cultivars such as Cripps Pink that may be picked in early November, and these cultivars may need additional fungicide sprays during September and/or early October if they are to be fully protected from bitter rot. Finally, mancozeb fungicides are very effective against Colletotrichum species, and the season-long use of mancozeb may have suppressed Colletotrichum populations in apple orchards prior to 1990 when the mancozeb labels were changed to prohibit applications during summer (i.e., within 77 days of harvest). -
How Many Fungi Make Sclerotia?
fungal ecology xxx (2014) 1e10 available at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/funeco Short Communication How many fungi make sclerotia? Matthew E. SMITHa,*, Terry W. HENKELb, Jeffrey A. ROLLINSa aUniversity of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, Gainesville, FL 32611-0680, USA bHumboldt State University of Florida, Department of Biological Sciences, Arcata, CA 95521, USA article info abstract Article history: Most fungi produce some type of durable microscopic structure such as a spore that is Received 25 April 2014 important for dispersal and/or survival under adverse conditions, but many species also Revision received 23 July 2014 produce dense aggregations of tissue called sclerotia. These structures help fungi to survive Accepted 28 July 2014 challenging conditions such as freezing, desiccation, microbial attack, or the absence of a Available online - host. During studies of hypogeous fungi we encountered morphologically distinct sclerotia Corresponding editor: in nature that were not linked with a known fungus. These observations suggested that Dr. Jean Lodge many unrelated fungi with diverse trophic modes may form sclerotia, but that these structures have been overlooked. To identify the phylogenetic affiliations and trophic Keywords: modes of sclerotium-forming fungi, we conducted a literature review and sequenced DNA Chemical defense from fresh sclerotium collections. We found that sclerotium-forming fungi are ecologically Ectomycorrhizal diverse and phylogenetically dispersed among 85 genera in 20 orders of Dikarya, suggesting Plant pathogens that the ability to form sclerotia probably evolved 14 different times in fungi. Saprotrophic ª 2014 Elsevier Ltd and The British Mycological Society. All rights reserved. Sclerotium Fungi are among the most diverse lineages of eukaryotes with features such as a hyphal thallus, non-flagellated cells, and an estimated 5.1 million species (Blackwell, 2011). -
Ascomyceteorg 08-05 Ascomyceteorg
Chaetomium convolutum and C. hexagonosporum from Italy with a morphological revision of the group-bostrychodes Francesco DOVERI Abstract: Chaetomium convolutum, newly isolated from herbivore dung in a survey of coprophilous asco- mycetes and basidiomycetes, is first described from Italy and compared with other species of the so called “group-bostrychodes”. The taxonomic uncertainty, still present in this group despite a recent comparative, morphological and molecular study, led the author to revise all Italian collections of species related to C. convolutum, and to prove that also the very rare C. hexagonosporum is present in Italy. The morphological Ascomycete.org, 8 (5) : 185-198. features of C. hexagonosporum are described in detail and particularly compared with those of C. convolutum. Novembre 2016 The results of this review confirm the existence of several intermediates in the group-bostrychodes, for which Mise en ligne le 3/11/2016 a much more extended revision is hoped. Keywords: cellulose, Chaetomiun bostrychodes, Chaetomium robustum, coprophilous fungi, morphological study. Riassunto: Chaetomium convolutum, isolato recentemente da escrementi di erbivori in un’ indagine sugli ascomiceti e basidiomiceti coprofili, è descritto per la prima volta in Italia e messo a confronto con altre specie del cosiddetto "gruppo-bostrychodes". L'incertezza tassonomica, ancora presente in questo gruppo nonostante un recente studio comparativo, morfologico e molecolare, ha indotto l'autore a rivedere tutte le raccolte italiane correlate a C. convolutum, e a dimostrare che anche il molto raro C. hexagonosporum è presente in Italia. Le caratteristiche morfologiche di C. hexagonosporum sono dettagliatamente descritte e in modo particolare confrontate con quelle di C. convolutum. -
New Record of Chaetomium Species Isolated from Soil Under Pineapple Plantation in Thailand
Journal of Agricultural Technology 2008, V.4(2): 91-103 New record of Chaetomium species isolated from soil under pineapple plantation in Thailand C. Pornsuriya1*, F.C. Lin2, S. Kanokmedhakul3and K. Soytong1 1Department of Plant Pest Management Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang (KMITL), Bangkok 10520, Thailand. 2College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Biotechnology Institute, Zhejiang University, Kaixuan Road, Hangzhou 310029, P.R. China. 3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. Pornsuriya, C., Lin, F.C., Kanokmedhakul, S. and Soytong, K. (2008). New record of Chaetomium species isolated from soil under pineapple plantation in Thailand. Journal of Agricultural Technology 4(2): 91-103. Chaetomium species were isolated from soil in pineapple plantations in Phatthalung and Rayong provinces by soil plate and baiting techniques. Taxonomic study was based on available dichotomously keys and monograph of the genus. Five species are recorded as follows: C. aureum, C. bostrychodes, C. cochliodes, C. cupreum and C. gracile. Another four species are reported to be new records in Thailand as follows: C. carinthiacum, C. flavigenum, C. perlucidum and C. succineum. Key words: Chaetomium, Taxonomic study Introduction Chaetomium is a fungus belonging to Ascomycota of the family Chaetomiaceae which established by Kunze in 1817 (von Arx et al., 1986). Chaetomium Kunze is one of the largest genera of saprophytic ascomycetes which comprise more than 300 species worldwide (von Arx et al., 1986; Soytong and Quimio, 1989; Decock and Hennebert, 1997; Udagawa et al., 1997; Rodríguez et al., 2002). Approximately 20 species have been recorded in Thailand (Table 1). -
Universidade Federal Do Paraná Francisco Menino Destéfanis Vítola Antileishmanial Biocompounds Screening on Submerged Mycelia
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO PARANÁ FRANCISCO MENINO DESTÉFANIS VÍTOLA ANTILEISHMANIAL BIOCOMPOUNDS SCREENING ON SUBMERGED MYCELIAL CULTURE BROTHS OF TWELVE MACROMYCETE SPECIES CURITIBA 2008 FRANCISCO MENINO DESTÉFANIS VÍTOLA ANTILEISHMANIAL BIOCOMPOUNDS SCREENING ON SUBMERGED MYCELIAL CULTURE BROTHS OF TWELVE MACROMYCETE SPECIES Dissertation presented as a partial requisite for the obtention of a master’s degree in Bioprocesses Engineering and Biotechnology from the Bioprocesses Engineering and Biotechnology post-Graduation Program, Technology Sector, Federal University of Parana. Advisors: Prof. Dr. Carlos Ricardo Soccol Prof. Dr. Vanete Thomaz Soccol CURITIBA 2008 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my gratefulness for: My supervisors, Dr. Carlos Ricardo Soccol and Dr. Vanete Thomaz Soccol, for all the inspiration and patience. I am very thankful for this opportunity to take part and contribute on such a decent scientific field as that covered by this dissertation, mainly concerned with the application of biotechnology for noble purposes as solving health problems and improving quality of life. Dr. Jean Luc Tholozan and Dr. Jean Lorquin– Université de Provence et de la Mediterranée, for their efforts on international cooperation for science development. The expert mycologist, André de Meijer (SPVS), who gently colaborated with this work, identifying all the assessed mushrooms species. Dr. Luiz Cláudio Fernandes – physiology department – UFPR, for collaboration with instruction, equipments, and material for the radiolabelled thymidine methodology. Dr. Stênio Fragoso – IBMP, for collaborating with the scintillator equipment. Dr. Sílvio Zanatta – neurophysiology laboratory – UFPR, for helping with laboratory material and equipment. Marcelo Fernandes, that has been my colleague on mushroom research for the last years, for help with mushrooms collection, isolation and maintenance. -
The Fungi of Slapton Ley National Nature Reserve and Environs
THE FUNGI OF SLAPTON LEY NATIONAL NATURE RESERVE AND ENVIRONS APRIL 2019 Image © Visit South Devon ASCOMYCOTA Order Family Name Abrothallales Abrothallaceae Abrothallus microspermus CY (IMI 164972 p.p., 296950), DM (IMI 279667, 279668, 362458), N4 (IMI 251260), Wood (IMI 400386), on thalli of Parmelia caperata and P. perlata. Mainly as the anamorph <it Abrothallus parmeliarum C, CY (IMI 164972), DM (IMI 159809, 159865), F1 (IMI 159892), 2, G2, H, I1 (IMI 188770), J2, N4 (IMI 166730), SV, on thalli of Parmelia carporrhizans, P Abrothallus parmotrematis DM, on Parmelia perlata, 1990, D.L. Hawksworth (IMI 400397, as Vouauxiomyces sp.) Abrothallus suecicus DM (IMI 194098); on apothecia of Ramalina fustigiata with st. conid. Phoma ranalinae Nordin; rare. (L2) Abrothallus usneae (as A. parmeliarum p.p.; L2) Acarosporales Acarosporaceae Acarospora fuscata H, on siliceous slabs (L1); CH, 1996, T. Chester. Polysporina simplex CH, 1996, T. Chester. Sarcogyne regularis CH, 1996, T. Chester; N4, on concrete posts; very rare (L1). Trimmatothelopsis B (IMI 152818), on granite memorial (L1) [EXTINCT] smaragdula Acrospermales Acrospermaceae Acrospermum compressum DM (IMI 194111), I1, S (IMI 18286a), on dead Urtica stems (L2); CY, on Urtica dioica stem, 1995, JLT. Acrospermum graminum I1, on Phragmites debris, 1990, M. Marsden (K). Amphisphaeriales Amphisphaeriaceae Beltraniella pirozynskii D1 (IMI 362071a), on Quercus ilex. Ceratosporium fuscescens I1 (IMI 188771c); J1 (IMI 362085), on dead Ulex stems. (L2) Ceriophora palustris F2 (IMI 186857); on dead Carex puniculata leaves. (L2) Lepteutypa cupressi SV (IMI 184280); on dying Thuja leaves. (L2) Monographella cucumerina (IMI 362759), on Myriophyllum spicatum; DM (IMI 192452); isol. ex vole dung. (L2); (IMI 360147, 360148, 361543, 361544, 361546). -
Biodiversity of Wood-Decay Fungi in Italy
AperTO - Archivio Istituzionale Open Access dell'Università di Torino Biodiversity of wood-decay fungi in Italy This is the author's manuscript Original Citation: Availability: This version is available http://hdl.handle.net/2318/88396 since 2016-10-06T16:54:39Z Published version: DOI:10.1080/11263504.2011.633114 Terms of use: Open Access Anyone can freely access the full text of works made available as "Open Access". Works made available under a Creative Commons license can be used according to the terms and conditions of said license. Use of all other works requires consent of the right holder (author or publisher) if not exempted from copyright protection by the applicable law. (Article begins on next page) 28 September 2021 This is the author's final version of the contribution published as: A. Saitta; A. Bernicchia; S.P. Gorjón; E. Altobelli; V.M. Granito; C. Losi; D. Lunghini; O. Maggi; G. Medardi; F. Padovan; L. Pecoraro; A. Vizzini; A.M. Persiani. Biodiversity of wood-decay fungi in Italy. PLANT BIOSYSTEMS. 145(4) pp: 958-968. DOI: 10.1080/11263504.2011.633114 The publisher's version is available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/11263504.2011.633114 When citing, please refer to the published version. Link to this full text: http://hdl.handle.net/2318/88396 This full text was downloaded from iris - AperTO: https://iris.unito.it/ iris - AperTO University of Turin’s Institutional Research Information System and Open Access Institutional Repository Biodiversity of wood-decay fungi in Italy A. Saitta , A. Bernicchia , S. P. Gorjón , E. -
Preliminary Classification of Leotiomycetes
Mycosphere 10(1): 310–489 (2019) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes Ekanayaka AH1,2, Hyde KD1,2, Gentekaki E2,3, McKenzie EHC4, Zhao Q1,*, Bulgakov TS5, Camporesi E6,7 1Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China 2Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 3School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand 4Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand 5Russian Research Institute of Floriculture and Subtropical Crops, 2/28 Yana Fabritsiusa Street, Sochi 354002, Krasnodar region, Russia 6A.M.B. Gruppo Micologico Forlivese “Antonio Cicognani”, Via Roma 18, Forlì, Italy. 7A.M.B. Circolo Micologico “Giovanni Carini”, C.P. 314 Brescia, Italy. Ekanayaka AH, Hyde KD, Gentekaki E, McKenzie EHC, Zhao Q, Bulgakov TS, Camporesi E 2019 – Preliminary classification of Leotiomycetes. Mycosphere 10(1), 310–489, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/10/1/7 Abstract Leotiomycetes is regarded as the inoperculate class of discomycetes within the phylum Ascomycota. Taxa are mainly characterized by asci with a simple pore blueing in Melzer’s reagent, although some taxa have lost this character. The monophyly of this class has been verified in several recent molecular studies. However, circumscription of the orders, families and generic level delimitation are still unsettled. This paper provides a modified backbone tree for the class Leotiomycetes based on phylogenetic analysis of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF, and RPB2 loci. In the phylogenetic analysis, Leotiomycetes separates into 19 clades, which can be recognized as orders and order-level clades. -
Toxic Fungi of Western North America
Toxic Fungi of Western North America by Thomas J. Duffy, MD Published by MykoWeb (www.mykoweb.com) March, 2008 (Web) August, 2008 (PDF) 2 Toxic Fungi of Western North America Copyright © 2008 by Thomas J. Duffy & Michael G. Wood Toxic Fungi of Western North America 3 Contents Introductory Material ........................................................................................... 7 Dedication ............................................................................................................... 7 Preface .................................................................................................................... 7 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. 7 An Introduction to Mushrooms & Mushroom Poisoning .............................. 9 Introduction and collection of specimens .............................................................. 9 General overview of mushroom poisonings ......................................................... 10 Ecology and general anatomy of fungi ................................................................ 11 Description and habitat of Amanita phalloides and Amanita ocreata .............. 14 History of Amanita ocreata and Amanita phalloides in the West ..................... 18 The classical history of Amanita phalloides and related species ....................... 20 Mushroom poisoning case registry ...................................................................... 21 “Look-Alike” mushrooms ..................................................................................... -
PREFACE Phylogenetic Revision of Taxonomic Concepts in the Hypocreales and Other Ascomycota
PREFACE Phylogenetic revision of taxonomic concepts in the Following the lead primarily initiated by Lombard et al. (Stud. Hypocreales and other Ascomycota - A tribute to Mycol. 66, 2010), this approach was followed here by Gräfenhan et Gary J. Samuels al. and Schroers et al. in their revisions of parts of Fusarium sensu Wollenweber and Acremonium by Summerbell et al. This volume of Studies in Mycology is something of a successor Option 2 – Teleomorph priority with anamorphic species epithets. to another issue of the same journal published a decade ago, Transfer of anamorphic epithets to teleomorph genera for species "Molecules, Morphology and Classification: Towards Monophyletic that lack known teleomorphs. New teleomorph generic names Genera in the Ascomycetes’ (vol. 45, edited by Seifert, Gams, are described when teleomorphs are discovered, irrespective of Crous & Samuels 2000). In that issue, the authors grappled with whether a previously described anamorph generic name exists. questions of integrating the new phylogenetic information derived This option maintains the primacy of teleomorph names at both from DNA sequencing into a classification system that was already complicated by the need to accommodate fungal pleomorphy. In the genus and species rank. It was exercised in part by Chaverri the intervening time, mycologists have become less tentative about et al. in their revision of Neonectria sensu lato, and the associated handling this complexity. The present volume continues the trend of anamorph genera Cylindrocarpon and Campylocarpon. applying multigene phylogenetics to generic and species concepts, extending the higher taxonomic level studies of the Assembling the Option 3 – Teleomorph priority with earlier anamorph species Fungal Tree of Life project into a more finely resolved realm.