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Annals Series on Biological Sciences ISSN 2285 – 4177 Copyright ©2017 Academy of Romanian Scientist Academy of Romanian Scientists Volume 6, No. 1, 2017 Annals Series on Biological Sciences ISSN 2285 – 4177 Copyright ©2017 Academy of Romanian Scientist ACADEMY OF ROMANIAN SCIENTISTS ANNALS Series on BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES VOLUME 6 2017 NUMBER 1 ISSN 2285 – 4177 TOPICS: • Anthropology • Biochemistry • Biodiversity and nature conservation • Biology of development • Biomedicine • Biotechnology • Cell and molecular biology • Ecology • Genetics and bioevolution • Marine biology • Microbiology • Neurosciences • Plant and animal physiology • Pharmacology Editura Academiei Oamenilor de Ştiinţă din România Bucureşti, 2017 Academy of Romanian Scientists Volume 6, No. 1, 2017 Annals Series on Biological Sciences ISSN 2285 – 4177 Copyright ©2017 Academy of Romanian Scientist ACADEMY OF ROMANIAN SCIENTISTS ANNALS Series on Biological Sciences Founding Editor-in-Chief Gen.(r), Professor, M.D., Ph.D, Dr. H.C. Vasile CÂNDEA Honorary President of the Academy of Romanian Scientists (ARS) Co-Editors Professor, Ph.D. Natalia ROŞOIU - “Ovidius” University, Constanţa; Full Member of ARS, President of the Section of Biological Sciences of ARS Professor, Ph.D. Gogu GHIORGHIŢĂ - “Al. I. Cuza” University, Iaşi; Full Member of ARS; President of the Piatra Neamţ Branch of ARS Series Editor Professor, Ph.D. Ștefana JURCOANE - University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania, Associate Member of ARS Series Editorial Board Professor, Ph.D. Leyla ACIK - Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey Professor, Ph.D. Aurel ARDELEAN - “V. Goldiş” University, Arad; Full Member of ARS Professor, Ph.D. Adrian BAVARU - “Ovidius” University, Constanţa, Honorary Member of ARS Professor Ph.D. Alexandru BOGDAN - Agroforestry Biodiversity Centre “D. Davidescu" Bucharest; Correspondent Member of Romanian Academy; Honorary Member of ARS Ph.D. Alexandru Serban BOLOGA - Full Member of ARS Professor, Ph.D. Dorina CACHIŢĂ - “V. Goldiş” University, Arad Professor, Ph.D. Roger H. CHARLIER - The Free University of Brussels, Belgium; Honorary Member of ARS Professor, Ph.D. Dumitru COJOCARU - “Al. I. Cuza” University, Iaşi, Associate Member of ARS Professor, Ph.D. Dragomir COPREAN - “Ovidius” University, Constanţa; Correspondent Member of ARS Professor,Ph.D. Zora DAJIC- STEVANOVIC - University of Belgrade, Serbia Professor, Ph.D. Ion DEDIU - Member of Academy of Science, Republic of Moldova; Full Member of ARS Professor, Ph.D. Suzana Cristiana GLAVCE - “Fr. I. Rainer” Institute of Anthropology, Bucharest; Full Member of ARS Professor, Ph.D. Stoica GODEANU - “Ovidius” University, Constanţa; Full Member of ARS Professor, Ph.D. Cornelia GUJA - “Fr. I. Rainer” Institute of Anthropology, Bucharest; Full Member of ARS Professor, Ph.D. István Adorján KRIZBAI - Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary Professor, Ph.D. Jovanka LEVIC - University of Novi Sad, Institute for Food Technology, Novi Sad, Serbia Ph.D.MD. Ioannis MAVROUDIS – University of Leeds, Saint James’University Hospital, England Professor Ph.D., Ionel MIRON - “Al. I. Cuza” University, Iaşi; Full Member of ARS Professor Ph.D.,Taymour MOSTAFA. Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt Professor, Ph.D. Gheorghe MUSTAŢĂ - “Al. I.Cuza” University, Iaşi; Full Member of ARS Professor, Ph.D. Alfonso NASTRO - University of Calabria, Italy Professor, Ph.D. Ilkay ORHAN - Eastern Mediterranean University, Gazimagosa, North Cyprus Ph.D. Ştefana PETRESCU - Institute of Biochemistry, Bucharest; Correspondent Member of ARS Professor Ph.D. Alexander REZNIKOV - Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kiev, Member of Ukranian Academy of Science, Ukraine Professor, Ph.D. Maria da Conceicao LOPES VIEIRA Dos SANTOS - University of Aveiro, Portugal Professor, Ph.D. Alexander RODEWALD - Institute of Human Biology, Hamburg, Germany, Honorary Member of ARS Professor, Ph.D. Constantin TOMA - “Al. I. Cuza” University, Iaşi; Member of Romanian Academy Senior research associate Imola WILHELM - Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary This series is published by the section Biological Sciences of the Academy of Romanian Scientist Academy of Romanian Scientists Volume 6, No. 1, 2017 Annals Series on Biological Sciences ISSN 2285 – 4177 Copyright ©2017 Academy of Romanian Scientist C O N T E N T S 1. Adrian BAVARU, Rodica BERCU Effects of Global Warming on Biodiversity 5 2. Mirela ARDELEAN, Dorina CACHIŢĂ-COSMA, Andrei LOBIUC, Aurel ARDELEAN 17 Aspects regarding organogenesis initation in Sedum telephium ssp. maximum L. callus under blue fluorescent light 3. I.A. MAVROUDIS, F. PETRIDES, D. KAZIS, V. COSTA, S. BALOYANNIS Golgi Method: A 140 Years Old yet Unique and Powerful Method for the Study of the Central Nervous System 28 4. Ioana Miruna BALMUȘ, Alin CIOBÎCĂ, Pavlina ALEXIOU, Ioannis MAVROUDIS 40 Future Perspectives on Alzheimer’s Disease Computational Modeling – a Review 5. Nicolae DOBRIN, Stela ZAMFIRESCU, Andreea Hortanse ANGHEL, Dragomir COPREAN Study on the Cryopreserved Ram Sperm Cell Ultrastructure after the Variation 56 of Thawing Time and Temperature 6. Georgiana Mirela ENE, Cristian Lucian PETCU, Magda Ioana NENCIU, Natalia ROŞOIU The Evaluation of Serum Electrolytes Calcium, Ionic Calcium, Magnesium and Hemoglobin In Sulina’s Patients, Danube Delta, Romania 65 Academy of Romanian Scientists Volume 6, No. 1, 2017 Annals Series on Biological Sciences 2285 – 4177 Copyright ©2017 Academy of Romanian Scientist 7. Mădălina GALAŢCHI, Magda NENCIU, Mioara COSTACHE, Valodia MAXIMOV, Dragomir COPREAN Age Determination Aspects in Anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus, LINNAEUS, 1758) at the Romanian Black Sea Coast 75 8. Laura OLARIU, Brindusa DUMITRIU, Diana Manuela ENE, Alexey PAVLOV, Natalya PYATIGORSKAYA, Natalia ROSOIU Alflutop® Modulates “in vitro” Relevant Mechanisms of Osteoarthritic 82 Pathology 9. Daniel TIMOFTE, Andrei CIOBICA, Cezar HONCERIU, Florin TROFIN, Alin CIOBICA, Dumitru COJOCARU A Mini-Review on the Effects of Exercising and Obsesity 100 in Parkinson's Disease Academy of Romanian Scientists Volume 6, No. 1, 2017, pp. 5 - 16 Annals Series on Biological Sciences ISSN 2285 – 4177 Copyright ©2017 Academy of Romanian Scientist EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON BIODIVERSITY Adrian BAVARU1,2,*, Rodica BERCU1 1“Ovidius” University of Constantza * Corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected] 2 Academy of Romanian Scientists, 54 Splaiul Independentei 050094, Bucharest, Romania Abstract The global warming in recent decades - especially due to anthropogenic activity - already has a negative impact on biodiversity and in the future is expected to become a more significant threat for the future decades. In the present paper are analyzed detrimental consequences of this phenomenon on natural vegetation and fauna but also on the „artificial” vegetation (agricultural crops) on Earth. Thus, higher temperatures coupled with changing rainfall regime, lead to the extinction of species of plants and animals the later migrating into areas where conditions are more or less close to their needs. The paper outline the state of forest fires, the melting of glaciers and glacial ice caps at the poles, affecting aquatic biodiversity. It analyzes the appearance of aridity of more tracts of land areas of the world and in Romania, the lack of water which affects the life of the planet in general as well those of the people by restricting the decrease of arable land and agricultural production. Key words: biodiversity, fauna, global warming, natural and artificial vegetation, negative impact Introduction The global warming in recent decades already has a negative impact on biodiversity and in the future is expected to become a more significant threat for the future decades. In recent decades there has been a change of climatic factors, an increase in annual temperatures, especially in summer, which extends in duration. This climate change is largely due to anthropogenic activity has a negative influence on the entire natural environment. The last 15 years (after 2000) were the warmest years after 1900, the temperatures rose by 0.9oC. In this paper we will refer only to the adverse effects on biodiversity products (both natural and "artificial"). Discussions First, we present aspects of natural vegetation and fauna which is suffering due to temperature rises. Academy of Romanian Scientists Annals - Series on Biological Sciences, Vol. 6, No.1, (2017) 5 Adrian BAVARU, Rodica BERCU Rising temperatures coupled with changing rainfall leads to the disappearance of some species and their migration (the animal’s case) in areas where conditions are more or less close to their needs. In this sense, are eloquent some examples: In the mountain areas, species of plants and animals accustomed to colder and wetter habitats, migrate upward vertically. Many of them will disappear, the case of pika (Ochotona princeps) that live in the western mountains of North America and southwestern Canada, an endangered species included in the IUCIN Red List (Fig. 1, a) (Beever and Smith, 2011; Smith and Weston, 1990). It is accustomed to low temperatures at 2.800 m altitude and now is considered an endangered species. The species dies in 6 hours if is exposed to temperatures above 25.5oC, being an important indicator of this global process (Hafner, 1993). Another example is the small mountain vertebrate – the marsupial pygmy possum (Burramys parvus) living in the cracks mountains of N -E of Victoria and south of New South Wales, Australia, which is also an endangered species. The nocturnal Bogong moths
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