Michael Chamberlain Focuses on Medieval Damascus to Develop a New Approach to the Relationship Between the Society and Culture of the Middle East

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Michael Chamberlain Focuses on Medieval Damascus to Develop a New Approach to the Relationship Between the Society and Culture of the Middle East Michael Chamberlain focuses on medieval Damascus to develop a new approach to the relationship between the society and culture of the Middle East. The author argues that historians have long imposed European strictures onto societies to which they were alien. Western concepts of legitimate order were inappropriate to medieval Muslim society where social advancement was dependent upon the production of knowledge and religious patronage, and it was the household, rather than the state agency or the corporation, that held political and social power. An interesting parallel is drawn between the learned elite and the warriors of Damascus who, through similar strategies, acquired status and power and passed them on in their households. By examining material from the Latin West, Sung China, and the Sinicized empires of Inner Asia, the author addresses the nature of political power in the period and places the Middle East within the context of medieval Eurasia. Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization Knowledge and social practice in medieval Damascus, 1190-1350 Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization Editorial board DAVID MORGAN (general editor) JOSEF VAN ESS BARBARA FLEMMING METIN KUNT W. F. MADELUNG ROY MOTTAHEDEH BASIM MUSALLAM Titles in the series B. F. MUSALLAM. Sex and society in Islam: birth control before the nineteenth century SURAIYA FAROQHI. Towns and townsmen of Ottoman Anatolia: trade, crafts and food production in an urban setting, 1520-1650 PATRICIA CRONE. Roman, provincial and Islamic law: the origins of the Islamic patronate STEFAN SPERL. Mannerism in Arabic poetry: a structural analysis of selected texts, 3rd century AH 19th century AD-5th century AH/11th century AD BEATRICE FORBES MANZ. The rise and rule of Tamerlane AMNON COHEN. Economic life in Ottoman Jerusalem PAUL E. WALKER. Early philosophical Shiism: the Ismaili Neoplatonism of Abu Yacqub al-Sijistani BOAZ SHOSHAN. Popular culture in medieval Cairo STEPHEN FREDERIC DALE. Indian merchants and Eurasian trade, 1600-1750 AMY SINGER. Palestinian peasants and Ottoman officials: rural administration around sixteenth-century Jerusalem Knowledge and social practice in medieval Damascus, 1190-1350 MICHAEL CHAMBERLAIN University of Wisconsin CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK 40 West 20th Street, New York NY 10011-4211, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia Ruiz de Alarcon 13,28014 Madrid, Spain Dock House, The Waterfront, Cape Town 8001, South Africa http://www.cambridge.org © Cambridge University Press 1994 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 1994 First paperback edition 2002 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication data Chamberlain, Michael Knowledge and social practice in medieval Damascus, 1190-1350 / Michael Chamberlain. p. cm. - (Cambridge studies in Islamic civilization) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0 52145406 9 1. Damascus (Syria) - Politics and government. 2. Damascus (Syria) - Intellectual life. 3. Elite (Social science) - Syria - Damascus - History. I. Title. II. Series. DS99.D3C48 1994 956.9 l'4402-dc20 93-46181 CIP ISBN 0 52145406 9 hardback ISBN 0 52152594 2 paperback To my family Contents Preface page xi List of abbreviations xiii Maps 1 Damascus and its surrounding region xiv 2 Damascus in the thirteenth century xv Introduction 1 1 The acyan of Damascus, 590/1193-750/1350 27 2 Madrasas, the production of knowledge, and the reproduction of elites 69 3 Mansabs and the logic of fitna 91 4 Social and cultural capital 108 5 Truth, error, and the struggle for social power 152 Summary 176 Bibliography 179 Index 193 Preface It is sad but unavoidable that a single book can never pay off all the debts its production has incurred. This study began as an attempt to understand the social uses of knowledge by the learned elite of Damascus, and took me in directions I originally had no intention of pursuing. The book is aimed at a number of audiences, in part to acknowledge that it could never have been completed without borrowing from other disciplines. Having taken much from anthropologists, sociologists, comparative historians, and historians of China and the Latin West, I hope they will find something here to interest them in turn. The notes are at the bottom of the page, not to give an impression of scholarly formidableness, but to allow the book to be read in two ways. Scholars of medieval Islamic history will notice that the notes not only are intended to support the argument, but in many cases to advance it. Scholars of other fields may read the narrative without reference to the notes. This book, not to mention the greater part of my education, would not have been possible without my teacher Ira Lapidus. Without his example, I would have not tried to become a historian; without his guidance and support, I would never have made it thus far. I am also grateful to my teachers, William Brinner, Eugene Irschick, Hamid Algar, Andre Ferre, and others. I must also thank the history departments at Berkeley, Stanford, and Wisconsin. This book would not have been possible without the support and good conversation I found in these three places. I am especially indebted to Peter Duus, Richard Roberts, and Joel Beinin for their support and encour- agement at Stanford. I am also very grateful to Andre Wink, whose ideas entered the dissertation upon which this book is based before either of us knew we would find ourselves in Madison, and who has given me much advice and support since my arrival here. As much as anything else, this book is a product of talks with friends, the support of friends, and thoughts about friends, so I would like to thank Rikki Allanna Zrimsek, Irene Keller, Margaret O'Brien, Lisa Saper, Margaret Malamud, Wendy Verlaine, Mia Fuller, James Ketelaar, David McDonald, Mary Conn, Peter Flood, Holly Huprich, and Brendan Phipps. To Krystyna xi xii Preface von Henneberg, who helped me through the dissertation upon which this book is based, I owe more than space allows me to express. I would also like to thank readers of various versions of the manuscript, who pointed out errors and infelicities and suggested new ways of thinking about these problems and presenting them: Richard Bulliet, William Courtenay, Patricia Crone, Dale Eickelman, Jan Heesterman, Krystyna von Henneberg, Anatoly Khazanov, David McDonald, Margaret Sommerville, Andre Wink, Lynne Withey, and the readers for the Press whose names are unknown to me. I am much appreciative of the efforts my editors, Marigold Acland and Mary Starkey, have put into the production of the book. It goes without saying that all errors are my own. Also many thanks to the Ecole des hautes etudes en sciences sociales, where some of these ideas were first presented. The libraries in which I have worked, and where I have always been happy, include the University of California, Stanford University, the Hoover Institu- tion, the University of Wisconsin, Cambridge University, the British Library, the Bibliotheque Nationale, the Vatican Library, and the Siileymaniye, Kopriilu, and Topkapi libraries in Istanbul. To the staff of the Kopriilu, where often I worked long periods alone, I am especially grateful for many small kindnesses. To the people in Damascus and Aleppo who have helped me with this project, and shown me so much kindness, I have not the words to express my gratitude. I am also grateful to Donald Little for supplying me with microfilms of manuscripts that have been withdrawn from circulation in Istanbul. Finally, I can hardly express enough my thanks to Jacqueline Sublet and the Institut pour Phistoire et la recherche des textes, both for their kindly reception and their incomparable collection of microfilmed manuscripts. For the money that supported this project I thank the US taxpayer (trebly), the Mellon Foundation (doubly), the Graduate School at Berkeley, The Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (doubly), and the Middle East Study Center of the University of California and the history department at Stanford (both multiply). Abbreviations Annales: ESC Annales: economies, societes, civilisations BEO Bulletin d'etudes orientates BSOAS Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, Univer- sity of London CSSH Comparative Studies in Society and History El (I) Encyclopedia of Islam, 1st edn. (Leiden, 1913-38) El (2) Encyclopedia of Islam, 2nd edn. (Leiden, 1954—) IC Islamic Culture IJMES International Journal of Middle East Studies JA Journal Asiatique JARCE Journal of the American Research Institute in Egypt JAOS Journal of the American Oriental Society JESHO Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient JSS Journal of Semitic Studies MIFD Melanges de VInstitut Franqais de Damas MW The Muslim World RAA Revue des Arts Asiatiques REI Revue des etudes Islamiques REMMM Revue du monde musulman et de la Mediterranee RSO Revista degli studi orientate SI Studia Islamica ZDMG Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenldndischen Gesellschaft Xlll Description de liariw JJbn'AtHfr WJIIUSOUS. | 1 Damascus and its surrounding region Legend 1 al-'Adiliyya al-Kubra 2 al-Nuriyya / al-cImadiyya 3 Dar al-Hadith al-Nuriyya 4 al-Duwiaciyya s Nur al-DIn's Hospital 6 al-Aminiyya 7 al-Mujahidiyya s al-Ghazaliyya 9 al-Shamiyya al-Barraniyya 10 al-'Aziziyya n Tomb of Saladin 12 al-Taqawiyya 13 al-Rawaljiyya 14 al-Ashrafiyya is al-Qaymaziyya 16 al-Adhra'wiyya 17 al-§arimiyya is al-Shamiyya al-Juwaniyya 19 al-cIzziyya al-Barraniyya 20 al-Nasiriyya al-Barraniyya 21 al-Badhara lyya 22 Mosque and Tomb of Tankiz 23 al-Zahiriyya al-Barraniyya 24 al-Qaymariyya 25 Tomb of Umm §alih 26 Horse Market 27 Dar al-Su"a"da (palace) Compiled by Sara Arscott.
Recommended publications
  • Motives, Methods, and Timing a Thesis Submitte
    INTERSECTING INTERVENTIONS OF GLOBAL AND REGIONAL POWERS IN THE SYRIAN CIVIL WAR: MOTIVES, METHODS, AND TIMING A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY İNCİ BİLGİN IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN THE DEPARTMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS JULY 2018 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Tülin Gençöz Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Prof. Dr. Özlem Tür Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Assist. Prof. Dr. Derya Göçer Akder Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Muzaffer Ercan Yılmaz (Uludağ Uni., ULU) Assist. Prof. Dr. Derya Göçer Akder (METU, ARS) Assist. Prof. Dr. Şerif Onur Bahçecik (METU, IR) PLAGIARISM I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name : İnci Bilgin Signature : iii ABSTRACT INTERSECTING INTERVENTIONS OF GLOBAL AND REGIONAL POWERS IN THE SYRIAN CIVIL WAR: MOTIVES, METHODS, AND TIMING Bilgin, İnci MSc., Department of International Relations Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Derya Göçer Akder July 2018, 106 Pages Following the spread of the Arab Uprisings to Syria, a civil war broke out between Syrian opponents and government; consequently, thousands of people have died, injured, and been displaced.
    [Show full text]
  • Examples of Iraq and Syria
    BearWorks MSU Graduate Theses Fall 2017 The Unraveling of the Nation-State in the Middle East: Examples of Iraq and Syria Zachary Kielp Missouri State University, [email protected] As with any intellectual project, the content and views expressed in this thesis may be considered objectionable by some readers. However, this student-scholar’s work has been judged to have academic value by the student’s thesis committee members trained in the discipline. The content and views expressed in this thesis are those of the student-scholar and are not endorsed by Missouri State University, its Graduate College, or its employees. Follow this and additional works at: https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses Part of the International Relations Commons, and the Near and Middle Eastern Studies Commons Recommended Citation Kielp, Zachary, "The Unraveling of the Nation-State in the Middle East: Examples of Iraq and Syria" (2017). MSU Graduate Theses. 3225. https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses/3225 This article or document was made available through BearWorks, the institutional repository of Missouri State University. The work contained in it may be protected by copyright and require permission of the copyright holder for reuse or redistribution. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE UNRAVELING OF THE NATION-STATE IN THE MIDDLE EAST: EXAMPLES OF IRAQ AND SYRIA A Masters Thesis Presented to The Graduate College of Missouri State University TEMPLATE In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science, Defense and Strategic Studies By Zachary Kielp December 2017 Copyright 2017 by Zachary Kielp ii THE UNRAVELING OF THE NATION-STATE IN THE MIDDLE EAST: EXAMPLES OF IRAQ AND SYRIA Defense and Strategic Studies Missouri State University, December 2017 Master of Science Zachary Kielp ABSTRACT After the carnage of World War One and the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire a new form of political organization was brought to the Middle East, the Nation-State.
    [Show full text]
  • William Astor Chanler (1867-1934) Und Ludwig Von Höhnel (1857-1942) Und Afrika“
    DIPLOMARBEIT Titel der Diplomarbeit „William Astor Chanler (1867-1934) und Ludwig von Höhnel (1857-1942) und Afrika“ Verfasser Dr. Franz Kotrba Angestrebter akademischer Grad Magister der Philosphie aus der Studienrichtung Geschichte Wien, im September 2008 Studienrichtung A 312 295 Betreuer: Univ. Prof. Dr. Walter Sauer Für Irene, Paul und Stefanie Inhaltsverzeichnis William Astor Chanler (1867-1934) und Ludwig von Höhnel (1857-1942) und Afrika Vorbemerkung………………………………………………………………………..2 1. Einleitung…………………………………………………………………………..6 2. Höhnel und Afrika……………………………………………………………...13 3. William Astor Chanler und Afrika…………………………………………..41 4. Der historische Hintergrund. Der Sultan von Zanzibar verliert sein Land, 1886-1895…………………………………………………………………………...56 5. Jagdreise um den Kilimanjaro…………………………………………….…83 6. Chanlers und Höhnels „Forschungsreise“ 1893/4. Eine Episode in der frühen Kolonialgeschichte Kenyas. 6.1. Motivation und Zielsetzung……………………………………………….114 6.2. Kenya Anfang der 1890er Jahre…………………………………………124 6.3. Der Tana River – ein Weg zur Erschließung British Ostafrikas?...134 6.4. Zum geheimnisvollen Lorian See………………………………………..153 6.5. Die Menschen am Lorian………………………………………………….161 6.6. Im Lande der Meru………………………………………………………….164 6.7. Nach Norden zu Rendile und Wanderobo……………………………..175 6.8. Forschungsreise als Kriegszug…………………………………………..185 6.9. Scheitern einer Forschungsexpedition…………………………………195 7. Resume…………………………………………………………………………205 8. Bibliographie………………………………………………………………....210 9. Anhang 9.1. Inhaltsangabe/Abstract……………………………………………………228
    [Show full text]
  • Islam and the Abolition of Slavery in the Indian Ocean
    Proceedings of the 10th Annual Gilder Lehrman Center International Conference at Yale University Slavery and the Slave Trades in the Indian Ocean and Arab Worlds: Global Connections and Disconnections November 7‐8, 2008 Yale University New Haven, Connecticut Islamic Abolitionism in the Western Indian Ocean from c. 1800 William G. Clarence‐Smith, SOAS, University of London Available online at http://www.yale.edu/glc/indian‐ocean/clarence‐smith.pdf © Do not cite or circulate without the author’s permission For Bernard Lewis, ‘Islamic abolitionism’ is a contradiction in terms, for it was the West that imposed abolition on Islam, through colonial decrees or by exerting pressure on independent states.1 He stands in a long line of weighty scholarship, which stresses the uniquely Western origins of the ending slavery, and the unchallenged legality of slavery in Muslim eyes prior to the advent of modern secularism and socialism. However, there has always been a contrary approach, which recognizes that Islam developed positions hostile to the ‘peculiar institution’ from within its own traditions.2 This paper follows the latter line of thought, exploring Islamic views of slavery in the western Indian Ocean, broadly conceived as stretching from Egypt to India. Islamic abolition was particularly important in turning abolitionist laws into a lived social reality. Muslim rulers were rarely at the forefront of passing abolitionist legislation, 1 Bernard Lewis, Race and slavery in the Middle East, an historical enquiry (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990) pp. 78‐84. Clarence‐Smith 1 and, if they were, they often failed to enforce laws that were ‘for the Englishman to see.’ Legislation was merely the first step, for it proved remarkably difficult to suppress the slave trade, let alone slavery itself, in the western Indian Ocean.3 Only when the majority of Muslims, including slaves themselves, embraced the process of reform did social relations really change on the ground.
    [Show full text]
  • The Place of Tasawwuf in Traditional Islamic Sciences
    www.masud.co.uk > Shaikh Nuh Ha Mim Keller The Place of Tasawwuf in Traditional Islamic Sciences © Nuh Ha Mim Keller 1995 PERHAPSTHE BIGGEST CHALLENGEIN LEAR NING ISLAM CORRECTLY TODAY IS THE SCARCITY OFIN TRADITIONAL THIS MEANING, ‘ULAMA. BUKHARI RELATESSAHIH, RIGOROUSLY THE authenticated hadith that the Prophet (Allah bless him and give him peace) said, "Truly, Allah does not remove Sacred Knowedge by taking it out of servants, but rather by taking back the souls of Islamic scholars [in death], until, when He has not left a single scholar, the people take the ignorant as leaders, who are asked for and who give Islamic legal opinion without knowledge, misguided and misguiding" (Fath al-Bari, 1.194, hadith 100). The process described by the hadith is not yet completed, but has certainly begun, and in our times, the lack of traditional scholars—whether in Islamic law, in hadith, in tafsir ‘Qur'anic exegesis’—has given rise to an understanding of the religion that is far from scholarly, and sometimes far from the truth. For example, in the course of my own studies in Islamic law, my first impression from orientalist and Muslim-reformer literature, was that the Imams of the madhhabs or ‘schools of jurisprudence’ had brought a set of rules from completely outside the Islamic tradition and somehow imposed them upon the Muslims. But when I sat with traditional scholars in the Middle East and asked them about the details, I came away with a different point of view, having learned the bases for deriving the law from the Qur'an and sunna.
    [Show full text]
  • The London School of Economics and Political Science
    The London School of Economics and Political Science The State as a Standard of Civilisation: Assembling the Modern State in Lebanon and Syria, 1800-1944 Andrew Delatolla A thesis submitted to the Department of International Relations of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, October 2017 1 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledge is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe on the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 101,793 words. 2 Acknowledgements This PhD has been much more than an academic learning experience, it has been a life experience and period of self-discovery. None of it would have been possible without the help and support from an amazing network of family, colleagues, and friends. First and foremost, a big thank you to the most caring, attentive, and conscientious supervisor one could hope for, Dr. Katerina Dalacoura. Her help, guidance, and critiques from the first draft chapter to the final drafts of the thesis have always been a source of clarity when there was too much clouding my thoughts.
    [Show full text]
  • The Lines That Bind
    THE LINES THAT BIND 100 YEARS OF SYKES-PICOT ANDREW J. TABLER, EDITOR THE LINES THAT BIND 100 YEARS OF SYKES-PICOT Andrew J. Tabler, editor THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY www.washingtoninstitute.org The opinions expressed in this Policy Focus are those of the author and not necessar- ily those of The Washington Institute, its Board of Trustees, or its Board of Advisors. Policy Focus 151, December 2016 All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this pub- lication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any infor- mation storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. ©2016 by The Washington Institute for Near East Policy The Washington Institute for Near East Policy 1111 19th Street NW, Suite 500 Washington, DC 20036 Design: 1000colors Cover image: 1916 map by Royal Geographical Society, annotated by Mark Sykes and François Georges-Picot. CONTENTS List of Maps iv ANDREW J. TABLER 1 Introduction FABRICE BALANCHE 3 The Levant: Fragmentation and Remapping MICHAEL KNIGHTS 26 Iraq: Identifying a Steady State DAVID POLLOCK 32 Ending a Century of Subjugation: Sykes-Picot’s Kurdish Legacy DAVID SCHENKER 38 Jordan: Resilience and Stability amid Persistent Challenges SAM MENASSA 46 Lebanon, Sykes-Picot, and U.S. Foreign Policy SONER CAGAPTAY 53 Turkey Faces Its Toughest Tests GHAITH AL-OMARI 58 Palestine: State Institutions Before State Lines DAVID MAKOVSKY 65 Israel’s Enduring Struggle over Land BRIGITTE CURMI 70 The Arab World in 2016: Bringing the State Back In MARTIN KRAMER 79 Repairing Sykes-Picot Contributors 86 MAPS MAP 1 19th Century French, British, and Russian Imperialism in the Mediterranean 6 MAP 2 The Sykes-Picot Agreement of 1916 8 MAP 3 Population of States under Mandate, 1922 10 MAP 4 The Levant after 1919 Versailles Treaty 12 iv ANDREW J.
    [Show full text]
  • Resources for the Study of Islamic Architecture Historical Section
    RESOURCES FOR THE STUDY OF ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE HISTORICAL SECTION Prepared by: Sabri Jarrar András Riedlmayer Jeffrey B. Spurr © 1994 AGA KHAN PROGRAM FOR ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE RESOURCES FOR THE STUDY OF ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE HISTORICAL SECTION BIBLIOGRAPHIC COMPONENT Historical Section, Bibliographic Component Reference Books BASIC REFERENCE TOOLS FOR THE HISTORY OF ISLAMIC ART AND ARCHITECTURE This list covers bibliographies, periodical indexes and other basic research tools; also included is a selection of monographs and surveys of architecture, with an emphasis on recent and well-illustrated works published after 1980. For an annotated guide to the most important such works published prior to that date, see Terry Allen, Islamic Architecture: An Introductory Bibliography. Cambridge, Mass., 1979 (available in photocopy from the Aga Khan Program at Harvard). For more comprehensive listings, see Creswell's Bibliography and its supplements, as well as the following subject bibliographies. GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND PERIODICAL INDEXES Creswell, K. A. C. A Bibliography of the Architecture, Arts, and Crafts of Islam to 1st Jan. 1960 Cairo, 1961; reprt. 1978. /the largest and most comprehensive compilation of books and articles on all aspects of Islamic art and architecture (except numismatics- for titles on Islamic coins and medals see: L.A. Mayer, Bibliography of Moslem Numismatics and the periodical Numismatic Literature). Intelligently organized; incl. detailed annotations, e.g. listing buildings and objects illustrated in each of the works cited. Supplements: [1st]: 1961-1972 (Cairo, 1973); [2nd]: 1972-1980, with omissions from previous years (Cairo, 1984)./ Islamic Architecture: An Introductory Bibliography, ed. Terry Allen. Cambridge, Mass., 1979. /a selective and intelligently organized general overview of the literature to that date, with detailed and often critical annotations./ Index Islamicus 1665-1905, ed.
    [Show full text]
  • THE PUNTLAND STATE of SOMALIA 2 May 2010
    THE PUNTLAND STATE OF SOMALIA A TENTATIVE SOCIAL ANALYSIS May 2010 Any undertaking like this one is fraught with at least two types of difficulties. The author may simply get some things wrong; misinterpret or misrepresent complex situations. Secondly, the author may fail in providing a sense of the generality of events he describes, thus failing to position single events within the tendencies, they belong to. Roland Marchal Senior Research Fellow at the CNRS/ Sciences Po Paris 1 CONTENT Map 1: Somalia p. 03 Map 02: the Puntland State p. 04 Map 03: the political situation in Somalia p. 04 Map 04: Clan division p. 05 Terms of reference p. 07 Executive summary p. 10 Recommendations p. 13 Societal/Clan dynamics: 1. A short clan history p. 14 2. Puntland as a State building trajectory p. 15 3. The ambivalence of the business class p. 18 Islamism in Puntland 1. A rich Islamic tradition p. 21 2. The civil war p. 22 3. After 9/11 p. 23 Relations with Somaliland and Central Somalia 1. The straddling strategy between Somaliland and Puntland p. 26 2. The Maakhir / Puntland controversy p. 27 3. The Galmudug neighbourhood p. 28 4. The Mogadishu anchored TFG and the case for federalism p. 29 Security issues 1. Piracy p. 31 2. Bombings and targeted killings p. 33 3. Who is responsible? p. 34 4. Remarks about the Puntland Security apparatus p. 35 Annexes Annex 1 p. 37 Annex 2 p. 38 Nota Bene: as far as possible, the Somali spelling has been respected except for “x” replaced here by a simple “h”.
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Download Seventeen Trips Through Somaliland and a Visit To
    SEVENTEEN TRIPS THROUGH SOMALILAND AND A VISIT TO ABYSSINIA PDF, EPUB, EBOOK George Carlos Swayne Harald | 450 pages | none | Nobel Press | 9785519047555 | English | none Seventeen trips through Somaliland and a visit to Abyssinia PDF Book British authorities took note of the disturbance and turmoil and he was thus expelled from the city. We purpose information in a diversion of appearing and media. The Isaq are portrayed as particularly callous and shameful in the way they parade looted Ogaden camels in front of their previous owners. War Office. Namespaces Article Talk. Seventeen trips through Somaliland and a visit to Abyssinia : a record of exploration and big game shooting, with descriptive notes on the fauna of the country by H. Views Read Edit View history. The land of Zinj Stigand, C. Swayne " against Abyssinia First meeting with Abyssinians Disturbed. Check out pictures, bibliography, biography and community. All the tombs are provided with narrow but very massive wooden doors, swinging about vertical extensions from top and baseof one side. Low, Marston and Co. Fine to be doubled in failure to comply with latter conditions and aeroplanes to be used to bomb stock on grazing grounds. In the s Sultan Awad was killed in a battle which resulted in Sultan Nur facing no opposition and was the sole ruler of the Habr Yunis Sultanate up until he started the Dervish uprising, which resulted in his uncle Madar Hersi being crowned. The Kingdom's territory encompassed the lands settled by the Habr Yunis tribe of the Garhajis clan. Travels and discoveries in North and Central Africa : being a journal of an expedition undertaken under the auspices of H.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hariri Assassination and the Making of a Usable Past for Lebanon
    LOCKED IN TIME ?: THE HARIRI ASSASSINATION AND THE MAKING OF A USABLE PAST FOR LEBANON Jonathan Herny van Melle A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May 2009 Committee: Dr. Sridevi Menon, Advisor Dr. Neil A. Englehart ii ABSTRACT Dr. Sridevi Menon, Advisor Why is it that on one hand Lebanon is represented as the “Switzerland of the Middle East,” a progressive and prosperous country, and its capital Beirut as the “Paris of the Middle East,” while on the other hand, Lebanon and Beirut are represented as sites of violence, danger, and state failure? Furthermore, why is it that the latter representation is currently the pervasive image of Lebanon? This thesis examines these competing images of Lebanon by focusing on Lebanon’s past and the ways in which various “pasts” have been used to explain the realities confronting Lebanon. To understand the contexts that frame the two different representations of Lebanon I analyze several key periods and events in Lebanon’s history that have contributed to these representations. I examine the ways in which the representation of Lebanon and Beirut as sites of violence have been shaped by the long period of civil war (1975-1990) whereas an alternate image of a cosmopolitan Lebanon emerges during the period of reconstruction and economic revival as well as relative peace between 1990 and 2005. In juxtaposing the civil war and the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafic Hariri in Beirut on February 14, 2005, I point to the resilience of Lebanon’s civil war past in shaping both Lebanese and Western memories and understandings of the Lebanese state.
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf, July 2, 2004
    The iPodification of Universities Tara Brabazon (15-25) Sex and the City Stephen Gennaro (210-226) Iran: the 2006 Elections Babak Rahimi (233-237) THIS ISSUE OF NEBULA IS OUR LARGEST VOLUME TO DATE, SPANNING OVER TWO-HUNDRED AND THIRTY PAGES, INCLUDING NINETEEN ARTICLES BY EIGHTEEN DIFFERENT AUTHORS, WIDELY DIVERGENT TOPICS, THREE INDEPENDENT MENTIONS OF LAO TZU BY THREE UNRELATED AUTHORS, AND SOME RARE AND IMPRESSIVE SCHOLARSHIP ACROSS THE BOARD, NOT TO MENTION IMPECCABLE CREATIVE WORK... Samar Habib Editor Nebula 4.1, March 2007 The Nebula Editorial Board Dr. Samar Habib: Editor in Chief (Australia) Dr. Joseph Benjamin Afful, University of Cape Coast (Ghana) Dr. Senayon S. Alaoluw,University of the Witwatersrand (South Africa) Dr. Samirah Alkasim, independent scholar (Egypt) Dr. Rebecca Beirne, The University of Newcastle (Australia) Dr. Nejmeh Khalil-Habib, The University of Sydney (Australia) Dr. Isaac Kamola, Dartmouth College (U.S.A) Garnet Kindervater, The University of Minnesota (U.S.A) Dr. Olukoya Ogen, Obafemi Awolowo University (Nigeria) Dr. Paul Ayodele Osifodunrin, University of Lagos (Nigeria) Dr. Babak Rahimi, University of California (San Diego, U.S.A) Dr. Michael Angelo Tata, City University of New York (U.S.A) The Nebula Advisory Board Dr. Serena Anderlini-D’Onofrio, The University of Puerto Rico Dr. Paul Allatson, The University of Technology, Sydney (Australia) Dr. Benjamin Carson, Bridgewater State College (U.S.A) Dr. Murat Cemrek, Selcuk University (Turkey) Dr. Melissa Hardie, The University of Sydney (Australia) Dr. Samvel Jeshmaridian, The City University of New York (U.S.A) Dr. Christopher Kelen, The University of Macao (China) Dr. Kate Lilley, The University of Sydney (Australia) Dr.
    [Show full text]