In Memoriam 3°7
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4000 M Peaks of the Alps Normal and Classic Routes
rock&ice 3 4000 m Peaks of the Alps Normal and classic routes idea Montagna editoria e alpinismo Rock&Ice l 4000m Peaks of the Alps l Contents CONTENTS FIVE • • 51a Normal Route to Punta Giordani 257 WEISSHORN AND MATTERHORN ALPS 175 • 52a Normal Route to the Vincent Pyramid 259 • Preface 5 12 Aiguille Blanche de Peuterey 101 35 Dent d’Hérens 180 • 52b Punta Giordani-Vincent Pyramid 261 • Introduction 6 • 12 North Face Right 102 • 35a Normal Route 181 Traverse • Geogrpahic location 14 13 Gran Pilier d’Angle 108 • 35b Tiefmatten Ridge (West Ridge) 183 53 Schwarzhorn/Corno Nero 265 • Technical notes 16 • 13 South Face and Peuterey Ridge 109 36 Matterhorn 185 54 Ludwigshöhe 265 14 Mont Blanc de Courmayeur 114 • 36a Hörnli Ridge (Hörnligrat) 186 55 Parrotspitze 265 ONE • MASSIF DES ÉCRINS 23 • 14 Eccles Couloir and Peuterey Ridge 115 • 36b Lion Ridge 192 • 53-55 Traverse of the Three Peaks 266 1 Barre des Écrins 26 15-19 Aiguilles du Diable 117 37 Dent Blanche 198 56 Signalkuppe 269 • 1a Normal Route 27 15 L’Isolée 117 • 37 Normal Route via the Wandflue Ridge 199 57 Zumsteinspitze 269 • 1b Coolidge Couloir 30 16 Pointe Carmen 117 38 Bishorn 202 • 56-57 Normal Route to the Signalkuppe 270 2 Dôme de Neige des Écrins 32 17 Pointe Médiane 117 • 38 Normal Route 203 and the Zumsteinspitze • 2 Normal Route 32 18 Pointe Chaubert 117 39 Weisshorn 206 58 Dufourspitze 274 19 Corne du Diable 117 • 39 Normal Route 207 59 Nordend 274 TWO • GRAN PARADISO MASSIF 35 • 15-19 Aiguilles du Diable Traverse 118 40 Ober Gabelhorn 212 • 58a Normal Route to the Dufourspitze -
In Memoriam 115
IN MEMORIAM 115 • IN MEMORIAM CLAUDE WILSON 1860-1937 THE death of Claude Wilson within a few weeks of attaining his seventy-seventh birthday came as a terrible shock to his many friends. Few of us even knew that he was ill, but in the manner of his passing none can regret that there was no lingering illness. We can but quote his own words in Lord Conway's obituary: 'the best we can wish for those that we love is that they may be spared prolonged and hopeless ill health.' His brain remained clear up to the last twenty-four hours and he suffered no pain. The end occurred on October 31. With Claude Wilson's death an epoch of mountaineering comes to an end. He was of those who made guideless and Alpine history from Montenvers in the early 'nineties, of whom but Collie, Kesteven, Bradby, ~olly and Charles Pasteur still survive. That school, in which Mummery and Morse were perhaps the most prominent examples, was not composed of specialists. Its members had learnt their craft under the best Valais and Oberland guides; they were equally-proficient on rocks or on snow. It mattered little who was acting as leader in the ascent or last man in the descent. They were prepared to turn back if conditions or weather proved unfavourable. They took chances as all mountaineers are forced to do at times but no fatal accidents, no unfortunate incidents, marred that great page of Alpine history, a page not confined to Mont Blanc alone but distributed throughout the Western Alps. -
Alicia Jewett Master's Thesis
“Before the practice, mountains are mountains, during the practice, mountains are not mountains, and after the realization, mountains are mountains” – Zen Master Seigen University of Alberta Metaphor and Ecocriticism in Jon Krakauer’s Mountaineering Texts by Alicia Aulda Jewett A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Comparative Literature Office of Interdisciplinary Studies ©Alicia Aulda Jewett Fall 2012 Edmonton, Alberta Permission is hereby granted to the University of Alberta Libraries to reproduce single copies of this thesis and to lend or sell such copies for private, scholarly or scientific research purposes only. Where the thesis is converted to, or otherwise made available in digital form, the University of Alberta will advise potential users of the thesis of these terms. The author reserves all other publication and other rights in association with the copyright in the thesis and, except as herein before provided, neither the thesis nor any substantial portion thereof may be printed or otherwise reproduced in any material form whatsoever without the author's prior written permission. Abstract This study examines Jon Krakauer’s three mountaineering texts, Eiger Dreams, Into the Wild, and Into Thin Air, from an ecocritical perspective for the purpose of implicating literature as a catalyst of change for the current environmental crisis. Language, as a means of understanding reality, is responsible for creating and reinforcing ethical ways of understanding our relationship with nature. Krakauer’s texts demonstrate the dangers of using metaphor to conceive nature by reconstructing the events of Chris McCandless’ journey to Alaska, his own experience climbing The Devil’s Thumb, and the 1996 disaster that occurred during his summit of Mount Everest. -
Route Was Then Soloed on the Right Side Ofthe W Face Ofbatian (V + ,A·L) by Drlik, Which Is Now Established As the Classic Hard Line on the Mountain
route was then soloed on the right side ofthe W face ofBatian (V + ,A·l) by Drlik, which is now established as the classic hard line on the mountain. On the Buttress Original Route, Americans GeoffTobin and Bob Shapiro made a completely free ascent, eliminating the tension traverse; they assessed the climb as 5.10 + . Elsewhere, at Embaribal attention has concentrated on the Rift Valley crag-further details are given in Mountain 73 17. Montagnes 21 82 has an article by Christian Recking on the Hoggar which gives brief descriptions of 7 of the massifs and other more general information on access ete. The following guide book is noted: Atlas Mountains Morocco R. G. Collomb (West Col Productions, 1980, pp13l, photos and maps, £6.00) ASIA PAMIRS Russian, Polish, Yugoslav and Czechoslovak parties were responsible for a variety ofnew routes in 1979. A Polish expedition led by Janusz Maczka established a new extremely hard route on the E face of Liap Nazar (5974m), up a prominent rock pillar dubbed 'one of the mOSt serious rock problems of the Pamir'. It involved 70 pitches, 40 ofthem V and VI, all free climbed in 5 days, the summit being reached on 6 August. The party's activities were halted at one point by stone avalanches. On the 3000m SW face ofPeak Revolution (6974m) 2 teams, one Russian and one Czech/Russian, climbed different routes in July 1979. KARAKORAM Beginning in late March 1980, Galen Rowell, leader, Dan Asay, Ned Gillette and Kim Schmitz made a 435km ski traverse of the Karakoram in 42 days, setting off carrying 50kg packs. -
Im Hochgebirge Immer Wieder Schnee, Zwei Tödliche Lawinenunfälle
SLF Wochenbericht www.slf.ch Juli 2014: Im Hochgebirge immer wieder Schnee, zwei tödliche Lawinenunfälle Der Juli 2014 war einer der trübsten und nassesten seitdem das Wetter in der Schweiz beobachtet wird (siehe auch Klimabulletin MeteoSchweiz). Während die Flüsse hoch gingen und es gebietsweise zu Überschwemmungen kam, fiel im Hochgebirge, besonders oberhalb von 3500 m, immer wieder Schnee. In den niederschlagsreichsten Gebieten, wie etwa im Berner Oberland, fielen im Juli in Gipfelregionen gesamthaft mehrere Meter Schnee. Wegen der wiederholten grossen Schneefälle im Hochgebirge wurden fünf Lawinenbulletins ausgegeben - so viel wie nie in einem Juli in den letzten 10 Jahren. Die Schneefälle führten auch zu verhältnismässig grosser Lawinenaktivität (Abbildung 1), und zur Monatsmitte zu zwei tödlichen Lawinenunfällen im südlichen Wallis. Abb. 1: Beachtlich grosse Lockerschneelawinen lösten sich auf rund 3800 m in der SE-Flanke des Weissmies (4017 m, Zwischbergen/VS; Foto: P. Schoch; 31.07.2014). Wetter, Schnee und Lawinen Nachfolgend werden vier Perioden beschrieben, welche in Abbildung 2 markiert sind: 1. Unbeständiger Monatsbeginn 2. Viel Neuschnee im Hochgebirge 3. Rückkehr des Hochsommers, aber schwere Lawinenunfälle 4. Immer wieder nass mit viel Schnee im Hochgebirge Abb. 2: Verlauf der Nullgradgrenze im Juli. Abgesehen von der kurzen Hitzeperiode (Periode 3) lag sie meist zwischen 3000 und 4000 m. Die Lage der Nullgradgrenze wurde aus den Temperatur-Tagesmittelwerten von 11 automatischen Stationen von SLF und MeteoSchweiz berechnet. Details siehe hier. 01. bis 07.07.: Unbeständiger Monatsbeginn (1) Nach einem kalten Juni-Ende (siehe Monatsbericht Juni) stieg die Nullgradgrenze in der ersten Juliwoche kontinuierlich an. Mit wechselhaftem Wetter schneite es oberhalb von 3500 m immer wieder etwas. -
High-Elevation Limits and the Ecology of High-Elevation Vascular Plants: Legacies from Alexander Von Humboldt1
a Frontiers of Biogeography 2021, 13.3, e53226 Frontiers of Biogeography REVIEW the scientific journal of the International Biogeography Society High-elevation limits and the ecology of high-elevation vascular plants: legacies from Alexander von Humboldt1 H. John B. Birks1,2* 1 Department of Biological Sciences and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, PO Box 7803, Bergen, Norway; 2 Ecological Change Research Centre, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1 6BT, UK. *Correspondence: H.J.B. Birks, [email protected] 1 This paper is part of an Elevational Gradients and Mountain Biodiversity Special Issue Abstract Highlights Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland in their • The known uppermost elevation limits of vascular ‘Essay on the Geography of Plants’ discuss what was plants in 22 regions from northernmost Greenland known in 1807 about the elevational limits of vascular to Antarctica through the European Alps, North plants in the Andes, North America, and the European American Rockies, Andes, East and southern Africa, Alps and suggest what factors might influence these upper and South Island, New Zealand are collated to provide elevational limits. Here, in light of current knowledge a global view of high-elevation limits. and techniques, I consider which species are thought to be the highest vascular plants in twenty mountain • The relationships between potential climatic treeline, areas and two polar regions on Earth. I review how one upper limit of closed vegetation in tropical (Andes, can try to -
Mount Everest, the Reconnaissance, It Was, Claimed Eric Shipton
The Forgotten Adventure: Mount Everest, The Reconnaissance, 1935. T o n y A s t i l l . F o r e w o r d b y L o r d H u n t . I ntroduction b y S i r E d m u n d H i l l a r y . S outhhampton : L e s A l p e s L i v r e , 2005. 359 PAGES, NUMEROUS BLACK & WHITE PHOTOGRAPHS, AND 2 FOLDING MAPS PLUS A UNIQUE DOUBLE DUST-JACKET OF A 1 9 3 5 c o l o r topographic c o u n t o u r m a p o f Mt. E v e r e s t ’ s n o r t h f a c e i n T i b e t b y M i c h a e l S p e n d e r . £ 3 0 . It was, claimed Eric Shipton famously, “a veritable orgy of moun tain climbing.” In May 1935, Britain’s best mountaineers, including Shipton, longtime climbing partner Bill Tilman, plus 15 Sherpas, among them a 19-year-old novice, Tenzing Norgay, embarked from Darjeeling on the fourth-ever Mt. Everest expedition. In large part because no expedition book was later penned by Shipton, their 27-year-old leader, the 1935 Everest Reconnaissance Expedi tion has remained largely unknown and unlauded. No more! Seven decades later, The Forgotten Adventure reveals the never-before-told climbing adventures of three of the twentieth-century mountaineerings most revered icons reveling in the Himalayan glory of their youth. -
Catalogue of Place Names in Northern East Greenland
Catalogue of place names in northern East Greenland In this section all officially approved, and many Greenlandic names are spelt according to the unapproved, names are listed, together with explana- modern Greenland orthography (spelling reform tions where known. Approved names are listed in 1973), with cross-references from the old-style normal type or bold type, whereas unapproved spelling still to be found on many published maps. names are always given in italics. Names of ships are Prospectors place names used only in confidential given in small CAPITALS. Individual name entries are company reports are not found in this volume. In listed in Danish alphabetical order, such that names general, only selected unapproved names introduced beginning with the Danish letters Æ, Ø and Å come by scientific or climbing expeditions are included. after Z. This means that Danish names beginning Incomplete documentation of climbing activities with Å or Aa (e.g. Aage Bertelsen Gletscher, Aage de by expeditions claiming ‘first ascents’ on Milne Land Lemos Dal, Åkerblom Ø, Ålborg Fjord etc) are found and in nunatak regions such as Dronning Louise towards the end of this catalogue. Å replaced aa in Land, has led to a decision to exclude them. Many Danish spelling for most purposes in 1948, but aa is recent expeditions to Dronning Louise Land, and commonly retained in personal names, and is option- other nunatak areas, have gained access to their al in some Danish town names (e.g. Ålborg or Aalborg region of interest using Twin Otter aircraft, such that are both correct). However, Greenlandic names be - the remaining ‘climb’ to the summits of some peaks ginning with aa following the spelling reform dating may be as little as a few hundred metres; this raises from 1973 (a long vowel sound rather than short) are the question of what constitutes an ‘ascent’? treated as two consecutive ‘a’s. -
The Ascent of the Matterhorn by Edward Whymper
The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Ascent of the Matterhorn by Edward Whymper This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at http://www.gutenberg.org/license Title: The Ascent of the Matterhorn Author: Edward Whymper Release Date: November 17, 2011 [Ebook 38044] Language: English ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ASCENT OF THE MATTERHORN*** ii The Ascent of the Matterhorn iii “THEY SAW MASSES OF ROCKS, BOULDERS, AND STONES, DART ROUND THE CORNER.” THE ASCENT OF THE MATTERHORN BY EDWARD WHYMPER v vi The Ascent of the Matterhorn WITH MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS Toil and pleasure, in their natures opposite, are yet linked together in a kind of necessary connection.—LIVY. LONDON JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET 1880 All rights are reserved [v] PREFACE. In the year 1860, shortly before leaving England for a long continental tour, the late Mr. William Longman requested me to make for him some sketches of the great Alpine peaks. At this time I had only a literary acquaintance with mountaineering, and had even not seen—much less set foot upon—a mountain. Amongst the peaks which were upon my list was Mont Pelvoux, in Dauphiné. The sketches that were required of it were to celebrate the triumph of some Englishmen who intended to make its ascent. They came—they saw—but they did not conquer. By a mere chance I fell in with a very agreeable Frenchman who accompanied this party, and was pressed by him to return to the assault. -
Everest 1962 I Maurice Isserman
WIRED MAD, ILL-EQUIPPED AND ADMIRABLE: EVEREST 1962 I MAURICE ISSERMAN ust over a half century Jago, on May 8, 1962, four climbers stood atop a Himalayan icefall, watching the last of their Sherpa porters vanish amid the bright, thin air. For the next month, Woodrow Wilson Sayre, Norman Hansen, Roger Hart and Hans-Peter Duttle would be on their own. 88 T!" #$%%$&'() *$+('(), they’d set o, from a high camp to attempt the -rst ascent of Gyachung Kang, a mountain on the Nepalese- Tibetan border—or so Sayre had told the Nep- alese o.cials back in Kathmandu who granted him the permit. Had his American-Swiss party reached the summit of their announced objec- tive, it would have been an impressive coup, considering that none of them had climbed in the Himalaya before, and only two had ever reached an elevation of more than 20,000 feet. At 26,089 feet (7952m), Gyachung Kang fell just below the arbitrary 8000-meter altitude distinguishing other peaks as the pinnacle of mountaineering ambitions. But Gyachung Kang wouldn’t be climbed [Facing Page] Map of the 1962 team’s approach to Mt. Everest (8848m). Jeremy Collins l [This Page] Woodrow “Woody” Wilson until 1964. /e 1962 expedition had another Sayre on the Nup La. “We made three basic decisions in planning for Everest. We were going without permission, we were objective in mind, located about -fteen miles going without Sherpas, and we were going without oxygen,” Sayre wrote in Four Against Everest. Hans-Peter Duttle collection farther east as the gorak (the Himalayan crow) 0ies. -
MY FRIENDS. the MOUNTAINS. H. W. Turnbull
MY FRIENDS, THE MOUNTAINS 23 MY FRIENDS, THE MOUNTAINS BY H. W. TURNBULL Read before the Alpine Club, October I, 1946 HE first mountain that I ever took an interest in was my very own, heaped up with a spade on the sunny sands of Barmouth. We children had been building a sand castle of the usual conical precision; but I, the younger, tired of it and preferred to fashion some • thing rougher and more elongated and, when asked what it was, declared it to be a mountain. Nor was it unlike the shape of the neighbouring Cader Idris which had, it would seem, impressed itself upon a child's mind. Even then I realised how very pleasant sounding was the word mountain, and how very pleasant were the shape and texture of the slopes and the loosely hung summit ridge swinging from point to point with one supreme, but not too supreme, central top. Would the same spell have been woven round those friendly shapes I wonder, had the name been Robinson ? But Cader Idris was dis tinctive and appealing : one fastened on the syllables even before one knew what they meant ; and interest was considerably increased when I learnt that my father had climbed to its top. That early experience was over fifty years ago, and it seemed to set a standard to which all proper mountains should conform, of shape, bulk, wildness and benignity. It presented a whole class of mountains as friends at first sight, wherever they were met in later years, the Bowfells and Mis chabels and the Cruachans. -
High Trail to the Matterhorn
HIGH TRAIL TO THE MATTERHORN ALPINE VIEWS AND DRAMATIC LANDSCAPES HIGH TRAIL TO THE MATTERHORN - SELF GUIDED WALKING HOLIDAY SUMMARY The Matterhorn is one of the highest mountain peaks in the Alps, its dramatic pyramid peak stands proudly at 4478m. Discover the beauty of this wondrous mountain as you walk along the haute route from Brig down to Zermatt on our self guided walking holiday. Follow the trail along steep mountain passes with striking views of snow capped peaks. Experience the warmth of the locals in traditional Swiss villages and tuck into a cheese fondue at the end of a hard day of walking. Search for wild flowers and marvel at the landscapes on this wonderful walking adventure in the Swiss Alps. Your journey begins in the small, charming city of Brig in south west Switzerland. Very soon you make your way up to the high walking trails overlooking pleasant valleys and along steep mountain passes. Follow ever changing scenery as you head south passing Simplon, Saas Fee and along the King’s Route. An experience not to be missed is staying at the remote mountain hut - ‘Europahuette’, situated high in the mountains. Continue south following the trail and eventually you catch the first glimpse of the spectacular Matterhorn in the distance. The walk finishes in Zermatt the popular tourist town and its worth spending a bit of time here to relax after your walking adventure. Tour: High Trail to the Matterhorn Code: WSwSHTM Fabulous walking combined with a mix of traditional family accommodation. Breakfast is provided every Type: Self-Guided Walking Holiday morning and an evening meal is also included on 5 nights.