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SECOND KATHMANDU VALLEY WATER SUPPLY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT Procurement Workshop Kathmandu, 10 February 2021 Kathmandu – Demography
SECOND KATHMANDU VALLEY WATER SUPPLY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT Procurement Workshop Kathmandu, 10 February 2021 Kathmandu – Demography • Population ~ 3 million; floating population ~1.2 million • Average household size – 4.2 persons • 575 sq.km Valley Area • 18 municipalities, 3 districts (Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, and Lalitpur) • Bell shaped valley with elevation varying from 1400m at periphery – 1280m • About 500 hotels; 44000 beds; Average 5000 tourists per day SKVWSIP – Institutional Arrangements Institution SKVWSIP Implementation Structure MWS Executing Agency Project Implementation Directorate – KUKL Implementing Agency – Distribution network (PID-KUKL) and House service connections Melamchi Water Supply Development Board Implementing Agency – Bulk water (MWSDB) infrastructure SKVWSIP – Project Area WTP & DNI COVERAGE AREA SUNDARIJAL WTP JORPATI N JORPATI S CHABAHIL GOTATHAR PEPSICOLA KIRTIPUR THIMMI BHAKTAPUR SKVWSIP – Overview & Timeline • Total estimated project cost – $230 million • Project area: Greenfield development outside Ring Road in Kathmandu Valley • Limited public water supply network; reliance on KUKL tankers, borewells, hand pumps, traditional water sources and private tankers • Beneficiaries: About 110,000 households Aspects Arrangements Commencement of procurement First half of 2021 Implementation period January 2022 – December 2028 Completion date December 2028 SKVWSIP – Procurement Packages Scope Indicative number of contracts WTP (255 MLD) 1 Distribution network (about 700 km total) 3–4 Structural retrofitting of Headwork structure of Melamchi water 1 diversion IT-based decision support system for O&M of Melamchi Tunnel 1 IT-based early warning system for Melamchi Headworks 1 Capacity building of KUKL to strengthen operational and technical 2 competencies Project Consultants 2 Proposed Distribution Network Packages under Second Kathmandu Valley Water Supply Improvement Project Procurement Workshopt Presentation to Prospective Bidders for New DNI packages (DNI-8, 9 & 10) PID-KUKL Feb 2021 Location of DNI Packages Outside Ring Road (DNI pkg. -
World Bank Document
Public Disclosure Authorized Government of Nepal Ministry of Physical Infrastructure and Transport Department of Roads Development Cooperation Implementation Division (DCID) Jwagal, Lalitpur Strategic Road Connectivity and Trade Improvement Project (SRCTIP) Public Disclosure Authorized Improvement of Naghdhunga-Naubise-Mugling (NNM) Road Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) Public Disclosure Authorized Prepared by Environment & Resource Management Consultant (P) Ltd. Public Disclosure Authorized JV with Group of Engineer’s Consortium (P) Ltd., and Udaya Consultancy (P) Ltd.Kathmandu April 2020 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction The Government of Nepal (GoN) has requested the World Bank (WB) to support the improvements of existing roads that are of vital importance to the country’s economy and regional connectivity through the proposed Strategic Road Connectivity and Trade Improvement Project (SRCTIP). The project has four components: (1) Trade Facilitation; (2) Regional Road Connectivity; (3) Institutional Strengthening; and (4) Contingency Emergency Response. Under the second component, this project will carry out the following activities: (a) Improvement of the existing 2-lane Nagdhunga-Naubise-Mugling (NNM) Road; (94.7 km on the pivotal north-south trade corridor connecting Kathmandu and Birgunj) to a 2-lane with 1 m paved shoulders, and (b) Upgrading of the Kamala-Dhalkebar-Pathlaiya (KDP) Road of the Mahendra Highway (East West Highway) from 2-lane to 4-lane. An Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) was undertaken during the detailed design phase of the NNM Road to assess the environmental and social risks and impacts of the NNM Road before execution of the project in accordance with the Government of Nepal’s (GoN) requirements and the World Bank’s Environmental and Social Framework (ESF). -
Kathmandu - Bhaktapur 0 0 0 0 5 5
85°12'0"E 85°14'0"E 85°16'0"E 85°18'0"E 85°20'0"E 322500 325000 327500 330000 332500 335000 337500 GLIDE number: N/A Activation ID: EMSN012 Product N.: Reference - A1 NEPAL, v2 Kathmandu - Bhaktapur 0 0 0 0 5 5 7 7 Reference map 7 7 0 0 3 3 2014 - Detail 25k Sheet A1 Production Date: 18/07/2014 N " 0 ' n 8 4 N ° E " !Gonggabu 7 E ú A1 A2 A3 0 2 E E ' 8 E !Jorpati 4 ! B Jhormahankal ° ! n ú B !Kathmandu 7 ! B n 2 !Kirtipur n Madhy! apur Sangla ú !Bhaktapur ú ú ú n ú B1 B2 ú n ! B ! ú B 0 0 0 0 0 n Kabhresthali n 0 5 5 7 7 0 0 3 3 0 5 10 km /" n n ú ú ú n ú n n n Cartographic Information ! ! B B ! B ú ! B ! n B 1:25000 Full color A1, low resolution (100 dpi) ! WX B ! ú B n Meters n ú ú 0 n n 10000 n 20000 30000 40000 50000 XY ! B ú ú Grid: WGS 1984 UTM Zone 45N map coordinate system ni t ! ú B a ! Jitpurphedi ú B Tick Marks: WGS 84 geographical coordinate system ú i n m d n u a ICn n n N n h ! B ! B Legend s ! B i ! B ! n B ! B ! B B ! B n n n ! n B n TokhaChandeswori Hydrography Transportation Urban Areas úú n ! B ! B ! Crossing Point (<500m) Built Up Area n RB iver Line (500>=nm) ! B ! ! B B ! B ú ! ! B B ú n ! ú B WXWX Intermittent Bridge Point Agricultural ! B ! B ! B ! ! ú B B Penrennial WX Culvert Commercial ! B ú ú n River Area (>=1Ha) XY n Ford Educational N n ! B " n n n n n Intermittent Crossing Line (>=500m) Industrial 0 ! B ' n ! ! B B 6 ! B IC ! B Perennial Bridge 4 0 n 0 Institutional N ° E 0 n 0 n E " 7 5 ú Futung ú n5 ! Reservoir Point (<1Ha) B 2 2 0 2 E Culvert ' Medical 7 E 7 6 0 n E 0 õö 3 ú 3 IC 4 Reservoir Point -
Public Policy for Social and Solidarity Economy a Case Study from Nepal
Public Policy for Social and Solidarity Economy A Case Study from Nepal Submitted By: Ripu M. Kunwar, Ram P. Acharya, Geeta Khadka, Bishnu H. Poudyal, Sita Shahi, Suman Dhakal, Sunil Pariyar and Bhola Bhattarai Practical Solution Consultancy Nepal Pvt. Ltd (PSPL) Min Bhawan, Kathmandu, Ph: 00977 1 4620373, Email: [email protected] www.psplnepal.org in association with Federation for Community Forestry Users Nepal (FECOFUN), Kathmandu Dalit Alliance for Natural Resources (DANAR), Kathmandu National Forum for Advocacy, Nepal (NAFAN), Kathmandu Submitted to: Center for International Studies and Cooperation (CECI) & UNITERRA, Kathmandu, Nepal February 2013 Public Policy for Social and Solidarity Economy: A Case Study from Nepal TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................................... 4 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 10 1.1 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................................ -
Achhame, Banke, Chitwan, Kathmandu, and Panchthar Districts
Technical Assistance Consultant’s Report Project Number: 44168-012 Capacity Development Technical Assistance (CDTA) October 2013 Nepal: Mainstreaming Climate Change Risk Management in Development (Financed by the Strategic Climate Fund) District Baseline Reports: Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agricultural Roads (DOLIDAR) Achhame, Banke, Chitwan, Kathmandu, and Panchthar Districts Prepared by ICEM – International Centre for Environmental Management This consultant’s report does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB or the Government concerned, and ADB and the Government cannot be held liable for its contents. (For project preparatory technical assistance: All the views expressed herein may not be incorporated into the proposed project’s design. MOSTE | Mainstreaming climate change risk management in development | DoLIDAR District Baseline TA – 7984 NEP October, 2013 Mainstreaming Climate Change Risk Management in Development 1 Main Consultancy Package (44768-012) ACHHAM DISTRICT BASELINE: DEPARTMENT OF LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT & AGRICULTURAL ROADS (DOLIDAR) Prepared by ICEM – International Centre for Environmental Management METCON Consultants APTEC Consulting Prepared for Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment, Government of Nepal Environment Natural Resources and Agriculture Department, South Asia Department, Asian Development Bank Version B 1 MOSTE | Mainstreaming climate change risk management in development | DoLIDAR District Baseline TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 ACHHAM DISTRICT .......................................................................................................... -
Tables Table 1.3.2 Typical Geological Sections
Tables Table 1.3.2 Typical Geological Sections - T 1 - Table 2.3.3 Actual ID No. List of Municipal Wards and VDC Sr. No. ID-No. District Name Sr. No. ID-No. District Name Sr. No. ID-No. District Name 1 11011 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.1 73 10191 Kathmandu Gagalphedi 145 20131 Lalitpur Harisiddhi 2 11021 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.2 74 10201 Kathmandu Gokarneshwar 146 20141 Lalitpur Imadol 3 11031 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.3 75 10211 Kathmandu Goldhunga 147 20151 Lalitpur Jharuwarasi 4 11041 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.4 76 10221 Kathmandu Gongabu 148 20161 Lalitpur Khokana 5 11051 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.5 77 10231 Kathmandu Gothatar 149 20171 Lalitpur Lamatar 6 11061 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.6 78 10241 Kathmandu Ichankhu Narayan 150 20181 Lalitpur Lele 7 11071 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.7 79 10251 Kathmandu Indrayani 151 20191 Lalitpur Lubhu 8 11081 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.8 80 10261 Kathmandu Jhor Mahakal 152 20201 Lalitpur Nallu 9 11091 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.9 81 10271 Kathmandu Jitpurphedi 153 20211 Lalitpur Sainbu 10 11101 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.10 82 10281 Kathmandu Jorpati 154 20221 Lalitpur Siddhipur 11 11111 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.11 83 10291 Kathmandu Kabresthali 155 20231 Lalitpur Sunakothi 12 11121 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.12 84 10301 Kathmandu Kapan 156 20241 Lalitpur Thaiba 13 11131 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.13 85 10311 Kathmandu Khadka Bhadrakali 157 20251 Lalitpur Thecho 14 11141 Kathmandu Kathmandu Ward No.14 86 10321 Kathmandu Lapsephedi 158 20261 Lalitpur Tikathali 15 11151 Kathmandu -
Lions Clubs International Club Membership Register Summary 81 78 4 12-2017 325A1 026069 3 0 0 0 3 5100 59 59 4 10-2017 325A1
LIONS CLUBS INTERNATIONAL CLUB MEMBERSHIP REGISTER SUMMARY THE CLUBS AND MEMBERSHIP FIGURES REFLECT CHANGES AS OF JANUARY 2018 MEMBERSHI P CHANGES CLUB CLUB LAST MMR FCL YR TOTAL IDENT CLUB NAME DIST NBR COUNTRY STATUS RPT DATE OB NEW RENST TRANS DROPS NETCG MEMBERS 5100 026069 BIRATNAGAR NEPAL 325A1 4 12-2017 78 3 0 0 0 3 81 5100 026071 KATHMANDU NEPAL 325A1 4 10-2017 59 2 0 0 -2 0 59 5100 045033 DANTAKALI DHARAN NEPAL 325A1 4 10-2017 28 4 0 0 0 4 32 5100 045852 KATHMANDU KANTIPUR NEPAL 325A1 4 01-2018 20 7 0 0 0 7 27 5100 047934 ITAHARI SUNSARI NEPAL 325A1 4 01-2018 53 3 0 0 0 3 56 5100 051652 DOLAKHA NEPAL 325A1 4 08-2017 32 0 0 0 0 0 32 5100 055540 DHARAN VIJAYAPUR NEPAL 325A1 4 01-2018 35 5 0 0 0 5 40 5100 057925 KATHMANDU JORPATI NEPAL 325A1 4 01-2018 86 3 0 0 -5 -2 84 5100 058165 BIRATNAGAR CENTRAL NEPAL 325A1 4 01-2018 50 3 0 0 0 3 53 5100 058239 BHADRAPUR NEPAL 325A1 4 03-2017 15 0 0 0 0 0 15 5100 058317 BIRTAMOD NEPAL 325A1 4 09-2017 30 2 0 0 0 2 32 5100 059404 KATHMANDU KANCHANJUNGA NEPAL 325A1 4 08-2011 9 0 0 0 0 0 9 5100 060064 KATHMANDU GOKARNESHWOR NEPAL 325A1 4 01-2018 35 4 0 0 -3 1 36 5100 060085 DINGLA BHOJPUR NEPAL 325A1 4 10-2017 72 0 0 0 -16 -16 56 5100 060130 KATHMANDU PASHUPATI NATH NEPAL 325A1 4 01-2018 40 8 0 0 -1 7 47 5100 060280 URLABARI NEPAL 325A1 4 10-2017 30 5 0 0 -1 4 34 5100 060294 KATHMANDU UNITED NEPAL 325A1 4 01-2018 81 8 0 0 -9 -1 80 5100 060628 KATHMANDU UNIVERSAL NEPAL 325A1 4 01-2018 45 6 1 0 0 7 52 5100 061068 KATHMANDU MAHANKAL NEPAL 325A1 4 12-2017 22 3 0 0 0 3 25 5100 061553 KATHMANDU SUKUNDA -
Food Insecurity and Undernutrition in Nepal
SMALL AREA ESTIMATION OF FOOD INSECURITY AND UNDERNUTRITION IN NEPAL GOVERNMENT OF NEPAL National Planning Commission Secretariat Central Bureau of Statistics SMALL AREA ESTIMATION OF FOOD INSECURITY AND UNDERNUTRITION IN NEPAL GOVERNMENT OF NEPAL National Planning Commission Secretariat Central Bureau of Statistics Acknowledgements The completion of both this and the earlier feasibility report follows extensive consultation with the National Planning Commission, Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), World Food Programme (WFP), UNICEF, World Bank, and New ERA, together with members of the Statistics and Evidence for Policy, Planning and Results (SEPPR) working group from the International Development Partners Group (IDPG) and made up of people from Asian Development Bank (ADB), Department for International Development (DFID), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), UNICEF and United States Agency for International Development (USAID), WFP, and the World Bank. WFP, UNICEF and the World Bank commissioned this research. The statistical analysis has been undertaken by Professor Stephen Haslett, Systemetrics Research Associates and Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, New Zealand and Associate Prof Geoffrey Jones, Dr. Maris Isidro and Alison Sefton of the Institute of Fundamental Sciences - Statistics, Massey University, New Zealand. We gratefully acknowledge the considerable assistance provided at all stages by the Central Bureau of Statistics. Special thanks to Bikash Bista, Rudra Suwal, Dilli Raj Joshi, Devendra Karanjit, Bed Dhakal, Lok Khatri and Pushpa Raj Paudel. See Appendix E for the full list of people consulted. First published: December 2014 Design and processed by: Print Communication, 4241355 ISBN: 978-9937-3000-976 Suggested citation: Haslett, S., Jones, G., Isidro, M., and Sefton, A. (2014) Small Area Estimation of Food Insecurity and Undernutrition in Nepal, Central Bureau of Statistics, National Planning Commissions Secretariat, World Food Programme, UNICEF and World Bank, Kathmandu, Nepal, December 2014. -
2000 Microbial Contamination in the Kathmandu Valley Drinking
MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION IN THE KATHMANDU VALLEY DRINKING WATER SUPPLY AND BAGMATI RIVER Andrea N.C. Wolfe B.S. Engineering, Swarthmore College, 1999 SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ENGINEERING IN CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AT THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY JUNE, 2000 © 2000 Andrea N.C. Wolfe. All rights reserved. The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and to distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. Signature of Author: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering May 5, 2000 Certified by: Susan Murcott Lecturer and Research Engineer of Civil and Environmental Engineering Thesis Supervisor Accepted by: Daniele Veneziano Chair, Departmental Committee on Graduate Studies MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION IN THE KATHMANDU VALLEY DRINKING WATER SUPPLY AND BAGMATI RIVER by Andrea N.C. Wolfe SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING ON MAY 5, 2000 IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ENGINEERING IN CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING ABSTRACT The purpose of this investigation was to determine and describe the microbial drinking water quality problems in the Kathmandu Valley. Microbial testing for total coliform, E.coli, and H2S producing bacteria was performed in January 2000 on drinking water sources, treatment plants, distribution points, and consumption points. Existing studies of the water quality problems in Kathmandu were also analyzed and comparisons of both data sets characterized seasonal, treatment plant, and city sector variations in the drinking water quality. Results showed that 50% of well sources were microbially contaminated and surface water sources were contaminated in 100% of samples. -
Kathmandu's Long Delayed Melamchi Water Supply Project
Dreaming of Pipes: Kathmandu’s long delayed Melamchi Water Supply Project Matthäus Rest Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany [email protected] Abstract For a generation, people in Kathmandu have been waiting for a large drinking water diversion project to relieve them of a severe water shortage. Recounting the history of the Melamchi Water Supply Project through interviews, project documentation and media reports, the article argues that an analysis of unfinished infrastructure has to take into account the recalcitrance of more-than-human forms, in particular matter like water and rock, as well as institutions like government ministries and international donor agencies. In the case of Melamchi, the lack of control over both matter and such institutional actors delayed the completion of the project – as is the case with a number of large-scale hydropower projects in the country. Despite this obvious inability to complete infrastructures, elites have built the promise of a prosperous future for Nepal on its water resources and the export of electricity. By conceptualizing Melamchi as an infrastructural meshwork in Ingold’s understanding and Nepal as an unfinished hydraulic state, I aim to contribute to the growing literature complicating Wittfogel’s idea of the hydrosocial. Introduction: High and Dry On June 27, 2017, The Himalayan Times reported that the Melamchi Project will miss another deadline to supply Kathmandu with a new source of drinking water. The paper quoted a high ranking official of the project who said: “We still have 2,800 metres of tunnel to excavate. We must finish the excavation work within a month to meet the deadline, which is impossible given the average daily excavation rate of 18 metres” (The Himalayan Times, 2017). -
EFFECTIVE DATE : 30 January, 2020
TEL:977-4257667 4262518 AIRAC FAX: 977-l-4262516 AERONAUTICAL INFORMATION AIP AFS: VNKTYOYX MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT AMENDMENT c aanais @c aanep al. go v. np CIVIL AVIATION AUTIIORITY OF 03n9 NEPAL BABARMAHAL KATHMANDU 19 December 2019 EFFECTIVE DATE : 30 JANUARy, 2020 Contents 1.1 AD Tribhuvan International Airport - PAPI RW1. 20 is restricted to be usable within 3NM from Runway Threshold with clearly visible. 1.2 AD Tribhuvan International Airport - Amendment in voR Rwy 02 Instrument Approach Chart - ICAO 1.3 AD Tribhuvan International Airport - Amendment in Heli-lane on 30 January 2a20 remove and insert following pages: Remove the following pages: Insert the following pages: GENERAL (GEN) GEN 0.4-4 30 April 2019 GEN 0,4-4 30 JANUARY 2O2O \TNKT AD 2-10 30 April2019 \TNKT AD 2- 10 30 JANUARY 2O2O \TNKT AD 2-36 O1 JULY 2018 \NKT AD 2.36 30 JANUARY 2O2O 30 JANUARY 2O2O VNKT AD 2-55 30 JANUARY 2O2O \TNKT AD 2-56 30 JANUARY 2O2O 30 ANUARY 2O2O 3. This AIRAC AIP Amendment supersedes NorAM: A02g3lrg GEN 0.4-4 AIP 30 January 2020 NEPAL PART 3 – AERODROMES (AD) VNKT AD 2 – 21 01 JULY2018 AD 0 AD 0.6 – 1 01 JULY2018 VNKT AD 2 – 22 01 JULY2018 AD 0.6 – 2 01 JULY2018 VNKT AD 2 – 23 01 JULY2018 AD 0.6 – 3 30 APRIL 2019 VNKT AD 2 – 24 01 JULY2018 AD 0.6 – 4 01 JULY2018 VNKT AD 2 – 25 01 JULY2018 AD 0.6 – 5 30 APRIL 2019 VNKT AD 2 – 26 01 JULY2018 AD 0.6 – 6 01 JULY2018 VNKT AD 2 – 27 01 JULY2018 AD 0.6 – 7 30 APRIL 2019 VNKT AD 2 – 28 01 JULY2018 AD 1 AD 1.1 – 1 30 APRIL 2019 VNKT AD 2 – 29 01 JULY2018 AD 1.1 – 2 30 APRIL 2019 VNKT AD 2 – 30 01 JULY2018 -
Cover Final.Indd
The Landmark Decisions of THE SUPREME COURT, NEPAL on GENDER JUSTICE NJA-Nepal Publisher: National Judicial Academy Hariharbhawan, Lalitpur Nepal The Landmark Decisions of the Supreme Court, Nepal on Gender Justice Editor Dr. Ananda Mohan Bhattarai NJA - Nepal National Judicial Academy Hariharbhawan, Lalitpur Nepal Advisor: Hon. Tope Bahadur Singh, Executive Director, NJA Translators: Hon. Dr. Haribansh Tripathi, Judge – CoA Mr. Shree Prasad Pandit, Advocate Mr. Sajjan Bar Singh Thapa, Advocate Management & Editorial Assistance Hon. Narishwar Bhandari, Faculty/Judge – DC, NJA Mr. Nripadhwoj Niroula, Registrar Mr. Shree Krishna Mulmi, Research Officer Mr. Paras Paudel, Statistical Officer Mr. Rajan Kumar KC, Finance Coordinator Assistants: Mr. Bishnu Bahadur Baruwal, Publication Assistant Ms. Poonam Lakhey, Office Secretary Ms. Sami Moktan, Administration Assistant Ms. Patrika Basnet, Personal Secretary Copy Rights: © National Judicial Academy/ UNIFEM, Nepal, 2010 Publishers: National Judicial Academy, Nepal Harihar Bhawan, Lalitpur & United Nations Fund for Women (UNIFEM) 401/42 Ramshah Path, Thapathali, Kathmandu Nepal Printing Copies: 500 Copies Financial Assistance: United Nations Fund for Women (UNIFEM) 401/42 Ramshah Path, Thapathali, Kathmandu Nepal Tel No: 977-1-425510/4254899 Fax No: 977-1-4247265 URL: www.unifem.org Printing: Format Printing Press, Hadigoan, Kathmandu Editor’s Note The decisions in this volume basically represent the second generation cases relating to gender justice in Nepal. I call them second generation because in the first generation (1990- 2005) the struggle was for securing women’s right to parental property, their rights against discrimination, their reproductive rights etc culminating in the parliamentary enactment 2005/6 which repealed many provisions of the National Code and other laws, found to be discriminatory on the basis of sex.