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Country Report Germany Halfway to Integration: Observations on Recognition, Participation, and Diversity Management Practices in the Region of Baden

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Country Report Germany Halfway to Integration: Observations on Recognition, Participation, and Diversity Management Practices in the Region of Baden Co-funded by the European Union FONDAZIONE ISMU INIZIATIVE E STUDI SULLA MULTIETNICITÀ Country Report Germany Halfway to Integration: Observations on Recognition, Participation, and Diversity Management Practices in the Region of Baden by Andreas P. Müller, Francisco Javier Montiel Alafont, Roman Lietz 2017 0 Co-funded by the European Union COUNTRY REPORT GERMANY Halfway to Integration: Observations on Recognition, Participation, and Diversity Management Practices in the Region of Baden By Andreas P. Müller, Francisco Javier Montiel Alafont, Roman Lietz Karlshochschule International University Germany Country Report – Halfway to Integration: Observations on Recognition, Participation, and Diversity Management Practices in the Region of Baden 1 Germany Country Report – Halfway to Integration: Observations on Recognition, Participation, and Diversity Man- agement Practices in the Region of Baden 2 Co-funded by the European Union The European approach to immigration is traditionally characterized by a sort of “schizophrenia”, generated by the attempt to keep together two contradictory philosophies: the “economicistic” philosophy on which the system of entry (and stay) is regulated and the philosophy of solidarity and equal opportunities. To overcome this paradox, three major changes are necessary: shifting from the perception of migrants as contingently instrumental resources to the conception of their human capital as a structural resource for the economic and social development of European societies by exploiting their skills, knowledges and competences (hereafter SKC); promoting a wider awareness, among different types of organizations (profit, non-profit and public), of the importance and potentialities of Diversity Management strategies; improving the social participation and the civic and voluntary engagement of Third Country Nationals (hereafter TCNs) in view of the construction of an inclusive European society and in order to change the common perception of immigrants as people needing to be helped and assisted. These three ambitions constitute the challenges addressed by the project DIVERSE – Diversity Improvement as a Viable Enrichment Resource for Society and Economy – supported by the European Commission through the European Integration Fund (Grant Agreement No. HOME/2012/EIFX/CA/CFP/4248 *30-CE-0586564/00-20). The project, implemented from January 2014 to May 2015, was directed by Laura Zanfrini, coordinated by the research centre WWELL – Work, Welfare, Enterprise, Lifelong Learning – of the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore of Milan, and was carried out in 10 EU countries in cooperation with 13 other partners: Associazione Nazionale Oltre le Frontiere – ANOLF, Varese, Italy; Commission on Filipino Migrant Workers, The Netherlands; Fondazione ISMU, Italy; Karlshochschule International University, Germany; MENEDEK – Hungarian Association for Migrants, Hungary; Nova Universidade de Lisboa, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, Portugal; Radboud University, The Netherlands; Società San Vincenzo de Paoli, Federazione Regionale Lombarda, Italy; Umeå University, Sweden; University of Huelva, Spain; University of Lods, Poland; University of Tartu, Estonia; University of Vaasa, Finland. This volume presents the findings of the research activity carried out in Baden (Germany). The final report of the full project, including a synthesis of the ten national reports and of the transnational analysis, is published in the volume “The Diversity Value. How to Reinvent the European Approach to Immigration”, McGraw-Hill Education, Maidenhead, UK, 2015 (freely accessible at http://www.ateneonline.it/zanfrini/). A detailed presentation of the project, of its results and of the rich set of materials produced can be found in www.ismu.org/diverse. Both the present report and all the other texts produced reflect the view only of the Authors, and the European Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. Milan, March 2017 Germany Country Report – Halfway to Integration: Observations on Recognition, Participation, and Diversity Man- agement Practices in the Region of Baden 3 Abstract The main aim of the project presented in this research report was an innovative model for integrating migrants from third countries (non-EU-citizens) in Germany. The first step to- wards this development was a revision of the process related to the assessment and valida- tion of the potentials of these migrants, based on a multi-stakeholder approach. One particu- lar priority is the recognition of third country nationals’ non-formal and informal competen- cies. Second, the (local and regional) organizations’ diversity management practices and approaches are scrutinized. And, finally and third, the frameworks and conditions for the voluntary engagement of migrants are taken into consideration, taking the view that this is a hallmark for their inclusion into the German society. The research led to conclusions that have one basic and common denominator: Without an improvement of both the validation of skills and the organizational diversity management practices, the situation will continue to be rather difficult. The voluntary engagement of migrants showed to be surprisingly high and active, although it uses different dissemination channels than some of the traditional initiatives. Organizations should include strategic diversity management measures; public institutions have to innovate the validation and supporting processes. A suggestion for a revised validation process is included. Karlshochschule International University (KIU) Project Coordinator: Prof. Dr. habil. Andreas P. Müller Project Assistant: Prof. Dr. Francisco Javier Montiel Alafont Junior Researcher: Roman Lietz M.A. Layout: Marie Rupprecht Editing: Alicia Leamer Germany Country Report – Halfway to Integration: Observations on Recognition, Participation, and Diversity Man- agement Practices in the Region of Baden 4 Table of Contents Page List of abbreviations ............................................................................................................................ 9 List of figures ...................................................................................................................................... 12 List of tables ........................................................................................................................................ 11 Introduction: A General Landscape of Third Country Nationals Migration......................... 14 0.1 A brief history of TCNs migration in the country and in the region .......................... 14 0.2 A brief description of the legislative framework at national and regional level .......................................................................................................................................... 18 0.3 Statistical outline ................................................................................................................... 22 0.4 Conclusions and implications for the following parts ................................................... 30 First Part: Third Country Nationals’ SKC Recognition .............................................................. 32 1.1 A brief description of the process of data collection ...................................................... 32 1.2 Legislative and administrative framework at national and regional level ................ 38 1.2.1 Recognition of formal qualifications acquired in Third Countries (institutions in charge; procedures required; recent developments; links with the EQF, strengths and weaknesses) ..................................................................................................................... 38 1.2.2 Assessment, recognition and validation of competences acquired through non-formal and informal learning (institutions in charge; procedures required; recent developments; links with the EQF, strengths and weaknesses) .......................... 50 1.2.3 Ad hoc bodies, procedures, instruments specifically envisaged for TCNs’ SKC recognition (institutions in charge; procedures required; recent developments; links with the EQF, strengths and weaknesses) ................................................................. 56 1.3 Recognizing TCNs’ SKC ...................................................................................................... 57 1.3.1 Existing statistics and studies about TCNs’ SKC recognition at national and regional level ........................................................................................................................... 57 1.3.2 Potential benefits of TCNs’ SKC recognition for the national and regional labor demand (focusing on sectors of activities and professional figures particularly involved) .................................................................................................................................. 64 1.3.3 Outcomes of SKC recognition for TCN workers (impacts on employability, professional mobility, and retribution levels) .................................................................... 66 1.3.4 Problematic issues and possible improvement strategies ................................................ 67 1.4 Experiences implemented at regional level for the recognition of formal qualifications .......................................................................................................................... 69 Germany Country Report – Halfway to Integration: Observations on
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