DOCSLIB.ORG

Chapters 4-8 Color Figs Chapters 4-8 265

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Color Figs Chapters 4-8 Color Figs Chapters 4-8 265 Colored Figure Legends Chapters 4-8 4.1-1 – Northern Israel with Galilee and transversal 5.3-3(b) and (c) – Jordan Calcareous Serozems YDOOH\VVDWHOOLWHLPDJHU\ ZLWKSHUPLVVLRQRI'U formed on Lisan marl; some marl layers contain John K. Hall, GSI Report GSI/14/2000, and @ gypsum; note the orange colored lower part of 2000 ROHR Productions Ltd. and C.N.E.S.). the marl in (c), suggesting reducing conditions. 4.2-1 – Terraced limestone landscape with olive groves on Terra Rossa soils, from Samaria (with 6.1-1 – Eastern Galilee, western Golan Heights, with permission of Albatross Ltd.). Lake Kinneret; note bathymetry contours in the D ± 7HUUD 5RVVD SUR¿OH IRUPHG RQ (RFHQH ODNHVDWHOOLWHLPDJHU\ ZLWKSHUPLVVLRQRI'U-RKQ limestone from the Upper Galilee. K. Hall, GSI Report GSI/17/2000 and @ 2000 4.2-2(b,c,d) – Terra Rossa soils on Eocene limestone ROHR Productions Ltd. and C.N.E.S.). from the Upper Galilee. 6.2-2(a) – View of western slopes of basaltic Golan 4.3-1 – Landscape of Eocene and Senonian hills built Heights; in right foreground plantation on of chalk and partly covered by Nari (note boulders colluvium (with permission of Albatross Ltd.). in foreground), with Pale and Brown Rendzina 6.2-2(b) – ProtoVertisol (shallow Vertisol) on basalt soils; intensively cultivated terraced colluvial soils from the eastern Galilee. in the valley. Jerusalem foothills. 6.2-2(c) – Red Mediterranean soil on scoria basalt; 4.3-2(a,b) – Brown Rendzina soils on Nari. northern Golan Heights. 4.3-3(a) – Pale Rendzina soils on Senonian chalk from 6.3-1(a) – Volcanic cone (Tel Shipon) build of basic WKH-HUXVDOHPIRRWKLOOVQRWHWKH$&W\SHSUR¿OH pyroclastics and scoria; northern Golan Heights. 4.3-3(b) – Pale Rendzina soils on Senonian chalk near E ±'ROPHQEXLOGRIEDVDOWVODEVFHQWUDO*RODQ Safed, Upper Galilee; note the dark chert layer in Heights. lower half of picture. 6.3-2(a) – Red Mediterranean soil formed on strongly 4.3-3 – Pale Rendzina soil with cypress tree, on weathered pyroclastics (tuff and tuff-lapilli); Senonian chalk; near Safed, Upper Galilee. northern Golan Heights. 6.3-2(b) – Brown Mediterranean soil formed 5.1-1 – Landscape from the Yizreel Valley with on strongly weathered pyroclastics Vertisols (with permission of Albatross Ltd.). (mainly tuff); northern Golan Heights. D ±9HUWLVROIRUPHG RQ ¿QHJUDLQHG DOOXYLXP in the Shefela. 7.1-1(a) – Hamra paleosols, central Coastal Plain; E ±1RQ&DOFDUHRXV9HUWLVROIRUPHGRQ¿QH note the modern sandy Regosol (incipient Hamra grained alluvium in the Yizreel Valley; note large formation) formed on dune sand that covers the B slickenside in the lower part of the picture. horizon of a Hamra paleosol. 5.3-1 – Eastern part of central mountain range with 7.1-1(b) – Kurkar (aeolianite) ridge that covers B -RUGDQ 9DOOH\ DQG QRUWKHUQ WLS RI 'HDG 6HD horizon of a Hamra paleosol; Central Coastal VDWHOOLWHLPDJHU\ ZLWKSHUPLVVLRQRI'U-RKQ. Plain. Hall, GSI Report GSI/6/2000 and @ 2000 ROHR 7.1-1(c) – Modern sandy Regosol covering B horizon Productions Ltd. and C.N.E.S.). of a Hamra paleosol; Central Coastal Plain. 5.3-2(a) – View of the densely vegetated, lowermost 7.1-1(d) – Shallow Loessial Serozem covering B "Zor" terrace, Jordan River and terraced Lisan marl horizon of Hamra paleosol; north-western Negev; cliffs; looking eastwards. note carbonate nodules in the Hamra paleosol, 5.3-2(b) – Jordan Calcareous Serozem on Lisan marl, derived from CaCO3 leached from the loess and western shore, in the northern Jordan Valley. Serozem. 5.3-2(c) – Jordan Calcareous Serozem on Lisan marl; 7.2-1(a) – Basaltic paleosol sandwiched in-between details as in 5.3-2(b). WZR(DUO\3OHLVWRFHQHEDVDOWÀRZVIURPWKH(DVWHUQ 5.3-3(a) – Jordan River south of Lake Kinneret; the Galilee. natural vegetation growing on young alluvial soils E ±'HWDLOIURP D QRWHWKHXSSHUIULWWHG had been cleared (with permission of Albatross portion of the basaltic paleosol; free Fe oxides had Ltd.). all been hematitized. 266 Color Figs Chapters 4-8 F ± 'HHS EDVDOWLFSDOHRVROIURP WKHQRUWKHUQ 8.1 – Map (1:2,000,000) showing distribution of Golan Heights. soils affected by salinity in Israel; compiled by 7.2-1(d) – Basaltic paleosol from the western slopes Ravikovitch, 1992. of the southern Golan Heights; note rich calcium carbonate veins below the paleosol, presumably provening from the weathering of the upper basalt. Color Figs Chapters 4-8 267 Col. Fig.4.1-1 268 Color Figs Chapters 4-8 Col. Fig.4.2-1 Col. Fig.4.2-2(a) Col. Fig.4.2-2(b) Color Figs Chapters 4-8 269 Col. Fig.4.2-2(c) Col. Fig.4.2-2(d) Col. Fig.4.3-1 270 Color Figs Chapters 4-8 Col. Fig.4.3-2(a) Col. Fig.4.3-2(b) Col. Fig.4.3-3(a) Col. Fig.4.3-3(b) Color Figs Chapters 4-8 271 Col. Fig.4.3-3 272 Color Figs Chapters 4-8 Col. Fig.5.1 Col. Fig.5.2-1(a) Col. Fig.5.2-1(b) Color Figs Chapters 4-8 273 Col. Fig.5.3-1 274 Color Figs Chapters 4-8 Col. Fig.5.3-2(a) Col. Fig.5.3-2(b) Col. Fig.5.3-2(b) Color Figs Chapters 4-8 275 Col. Fig.5.3-3(a) Col. Fig.2.2-2(a) 276 Color Figs Chapters 4-8 Col. Fig.6.1-1 Color Figs Chapters 4-8 277 Col. Fig.6.2-2(a) Col. Fig.6.2-2(b) Col. Fig.6.2-2(c) 278 Color Figs Chapters 4-8 Col. Fig.6.3-1(a) Col. Fig.6.3-1(b) Col. Fig.6.3-2(a) Col. Fig.6.3-2(b) Color Figs Chapters 4-8 279 Col. Fig.7.1-1(a) Col. Fig.7.1-1(b) Col. Fig.7.1-1(c) Col. Fig.7.1-1(d) 280 Color Figs Chapters 4-8 Col. Fig.7.2-1(a) Col. Fig.7.2-1(b) Col. Fig.7.2-1(c) Col. Fig.7.2-1(d) Color Figs Chapters 4-8 281 Col. Fig.8.1 References Agassi, M., Morin, J. and Shainberg, I. (1982): Amit, R. and Gerson, R. (1986): The evolution of /DERUDWRU\VWXGLHVRILQ¿OWUDWLRQDQGUXQRIIFRQWURO Holocene Reg (gravelly) soils in deserts – an in semi-arid soils in Israel. Geoderma 28, 345-356. H[DPSOHIURPWKH'HDG6HDUHJLRQ&DWHQD Alaily, F. (1993): Soil association and land suitability 79. PDSVRIWKH:HVWHUQ'HVHUW6:(J\SWS $PLW5*HUVRQ5DQG<DDORQ'+ 6WDJHV In: Meissner, B., Wycisk, P. (eds.). Geopotential and rate of the gravel shattering process by salts in and Ecology – Analysis of a desert region. Catena desert Reg soils. Geoderma 57, 295-324. Supplement 26. Amit, R. and Harrison, J.B. (1995): Biogenic Alperovitch, N. and Marcu, J. (1968): Solonetzic calcic horizon development under extremely arid Grumusol in the Jordan Valley. K'tavim 18, 95-101 conditions, Nizzana sand dunes, Israel. Advances in (in Hebrew). GeoEcology 28, 65-88. Alperovitch, N. and Mor, A. (1968): Solonetzic $VKEHO ' (YLDWDU ( 'RURQ ( *DQRU ( DQG Grumusol in the Bet She’an Valley. K'tavim 18, Agmon, V. (1965): Soil temperature in different 135-141 (in Hebrew). latitudes and different climates. Internal Publ. of the $OSHURYLWFK1DQG'DQ- 6RGLXPDIIHFWHG Hebrew University of Jerusalem. soils in the Jordan Valley. Geoderma 8, 37-57. Atalay, I. (1997): Red Mediterranean Soils in some $OSHURYLWFK 1 DQG 'DQ - &KHPLFDO DQG karstic regions of Taurus mountains, Turkey. Catena geomorphological comparison of two types of 28, 247-260. loessial crusts in the Central Negev (Israel). Israel $XEHUW* &ODVVL¿FDWLRQGHVVROVXWLOLVHHSDU J. Agr. Res. 23, 13-19. les pedologues Francais. In: World Soil Resources $OSHURYLWFK10RVKH5DQG'DQ- 7KH Report 32, FAO, Rome, p. 78-94. SURSHUWLHV RI %HW 1LU VRLOV DQG WKHLU LQÀXHQFH RQ Avni, Y. (2004): Rock, landscape and men in the High wheat yields under dryland conditions. The Volcani Negev Plateau, in the course of the past 2 million Institute of Agricultural Research. Pamphlet No. \HDUV&RQI(DUWK6FL'D\'DYLGVRQ 143 (English summary). Institute of Science Education and Israel Geological Amiel, A. (1965): Soils of the Southern Shefela Coastal Society, p. 5-18. Plain, their formation, properties and distribution. Avni, Y. and Porat, N. (2002): Environmental effects 3K'7KHVLV+HEUHZ8QLYHUVLW\RI-HUXVDOHP LQ of Pleistocene sediment erosion on the High Negev. Hebrew). Geol. Survey of Israel Publ. GSI/1/2002. Geological Amiel, A. and Ravikovitch, S. (1966): The Survey, Jerusalem. differentiation between parent materials of alluvial Avni, Y. and Avni, G. (2005): The role of climatic and aeolian origin and the differentiation of soils change in the Byzantine-Early Islamic transition: derived from them in the southern coastal plain of the case of the Negev Highland. In: Israel Geol. Israel. Trans. Int. Conf. Medit. Soils, Madrid, p. 7- Soc. Ann. Meeting. Abstracts. 9 p. 20. Avnimelech, M. (1953): History of the soils in Amiel, A. and Friedman, G. (1971): Continental the Coastal Plain of Israel. Israel Expl. Society, 6DENKDLQ$UDYD9DOOH\EHWZHHQWKH'HDG6HDDQG Jerusalem, 2, 67-70. WKH5HG6HD6LJQL¿FDQFHIRURULJLQRIHYDSRUDWHV Atlas of Israel (1985): Ministry of Housing (3rd edn.). Am. Assoc. Petrol Geol. Bull. 55, 581-592. Amiel, A., Nameri, M. and Magaritz, M. (1986): Banin, A. (1967): Tactoid formation in montmorillonite: ,QÀXHQFHRILQWHQVLYHFXOWLYDWLRQDQGLUULJDWLRQRQ effect on ion exchange kinetics. Science 15, 71-72. exchangeable cations and soil properties: a case Banin, A. and Amiel, A. (1970): The correlative study study in the Jordan Valley, Israel. Soil Science 142, of the chemical and physical properties of a group 223-228. of natural soils of Israel. Geoderma 3, 185-198. $PLUDQ ' 6HOHFWHG *HRJUDSKLF 5HJLRQV Baldwin, H., Kellog, C.E.
Recommended publications
  • Mediterranean Soils - Willy Verheye, Diego De La Rosa

    Mediterranean Soils - Willy Verheye, Diego De La Rosa

    LAND USE, LAND COVER AND SOIL SCIENCES – Vol. VII – Mediterranean Soils - Willy Verheye, Diego de la Rosa MEDITERRANEAN SOILS Willy Verheye National Science Foundation Flanders/Belgium and Geography Department, University Gent, Belgium Diego de la Rosa Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Scientificas, Sevilla, Spain Keywords: Calcium carbonate, decalcification, Luvisol, Mediterranean, pedogenesis, soil classification, Terra Rossa, Xeralf, xeric moisture regime Contents 1. Introduction 2. Soil Forming Factors 2.1 Climate 2.2 Parent Material 2.3 Time 2.4 Topography 2.5 Biological Activity and Man 3. Pedogenesis and Profile Development 3.1 Pedogenesis on Carbonaceous Rocks 3.2 Pedogenesis on Non-Carbonaceous Rocks 4. Classification 4.1. USDA Soil Taxonomy 4.2 World Soil Reference Base for Soil Resources 4.3 French CPCS Classification 5. Land Use and Production Potential 5.1 Crop Production 5.2 Extensive Grazing Acknowledgements Glossary Bibliography BiographicalUNESCO Sketches – EOLSS Summary Mediterranean SAMPLEsoils are soils which form underCHAPTERS a Mediterranean climate. They are variously called Terra Rossa (on hard limestone) and Red Mediterranean Soils. Not all soils in a Mediterranean environment are, however, qualified as such because normal pedogenetic development may be hampered by erosion (rejuvenation of the profile), lack of time, and lack of water or unfavorable parent material characteristics. The impact of climate, topography, parent material (mineralogical composition, coherence and permeability), time and human influence as soil forming factors is discussed. Pedogenesis is reviewed and three phases in a color sequence are recognized, ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) LAND USE, LAND COVER AND SOIL SCIENCES – Vol. VII – Mediterranean Soils - Willy Verheye, Diego de la Rosa with a major focus on soils developed over carbonaceous substrata.
  • Agricultural Soil Compaction: Causes and Management

    Agricultural Soil Compaction: Causes and Management

    October 2010 Agdex 510-1 Agricultural Soil Compaction: Causes and Management oil compaction can be a serious and unnecessary soil aggregates, which has a negative affect on soil S form of soil degradation that can result in increased aggregate structure. soil erosion and decreased crop production. Soil compaction can have a number of negative effects on Compaction of soil is the compression of soil particles into soil quality and crop production including the following: a smaller volume, which reduces the size of pore space available for air and water. Most soils are composed of • causes soil pore spaces to become smaller about 50 per cent solids (sand, silt, clay and organic • reduces water infiltration rate into soil matter) and about 50 per cent pore spaces. • decreases the rate that water will penetrate into the soil root zone and subsoil • increases the potential for surface Compaction concerns water ponding, water runoff, surface soil waterlogging and soil erosion Soil compaction can impair water Soil compaction infiltration into soil, crop emergence, • reduces the ability of a soil to hold root penetration and crop nutrient and can be a serious water and air, which are necessary for water uptake, all of which result in form of soil plant root growth and function depressed crop yield. • reduces crop emergence as a result of soil crusting Human-induced compaction of degradation. • impedes root growth and limits the agricultural soil can be the result of using volume of soil explored by roots tillage equipment during soil cultivation or result from the heavy weight of field equipment. • limits soil exploration by roots and Compacted soils can also be the result of natural soil- decreases the ability of crops to take up nutrients and forming processes.
  • Biological Soil Crust Community Types Differ in Key Ecological Functions

    Biological Soil Crust Community Types Differ in Key Ecological Functions

    UC Riverside UC Riverside Previously Published Works Title Biological soil crust community types differ in key ecological functions Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2cs0f55w Authors Pietrasiak, Nicole David Lam Jeffrey R. Johansen et al. Publication Date 2013-10-01 DOI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.05.011 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Soil Biology & Biochemistry 65 (2013) 168e171 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Soil Biology & Biochemistry journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/soilbio Short communication Biological soil crust community types differ in key ecological functions Nicole Pietrasiak a,*, John U. Regus b, Jeffrey R. Johansen c,e, David Lam a, Joel L. Sachs b, Louis S. Santiago d a University of California, Riverside, Soil and Water Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, 2258 Geology Building, Riverside, CA 92521, USA b University of California, Riverside, Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA c Biology Department, John Carroll University, 1 John Carroll Blvd., University Heights, OH 44118, USA d University of California, Riverside, Botany & Plant Sciences Department, 3113 Bachelor Hall, Riverside, CA 92521, USA e Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic article info abstract Article history: Soil stability, nitrogen and carbon fixation were assessed for eight biological soil crust community types Received 22 February 2013 within a Mojave Desert wilderness site. Cyanolichen crust outperformed all other crusts in multi- Received in revised form functionality whereas incipient crust had the poorest performance. A finely divided classification of 17 May 2013 biological soil crust communities improves estimation of ecosystem function and strengthens the Accepted 18 May 2013 accuracy of landscape-scale assessments.
  • Terra Rossa in the Mediterranean Region: Parent Materials, Composition and Origin

    Terra Rossa in the Mediterranean Region: Parent Materials, Composition and Origin

    Geologia Croatica 56/1 83–100 23 Figs. 6 Tabs. ZAGREB 2003 Terra Rossa in the Mediterranean Region: Parent Materials, Composition and Origin Goran DURN Key words: Terra rossa, Parent materials, Composi- relict soil formed during the Tertiary and/or hot and humid periods of the Quaternary. However, some recent investigation in the Atlantic tion, Origin, Mediterranean region. coastal region of Morocco (BRONGER & SEDOV, 2002) show that at least some terra rossa previously referred to as polygenetic relict soils should be regarded as Vetusols. In some isolated karst terrain, terra Abstract rossa may have formed exclusively from the insoluble residue of lime- In the past, the term “terra rossa” became quite a common indication stone and dolomite but much more often it comprises a span of parent for all limestone derived red soils in the Mediterranean region. Today, materials including, for example, aaeolian dust, volcanic material or in some classification systems based on the Mediterranean climate as sedimentary clastic rocks which were derived on carbonate terrain via the major soil differentiating criterion, the term terra rossa is used as a different transport mechanisms. BOERO & SCHWERTMANN (1989) name for the soil subclass “Modal Fersiallitic Red soil” when situated concluded that it is of little relevance for the process of rubification on limestones (DUCHAUFOUR, 1982). However, several national whether the primary Fe sources are autochthonous or allochthonous as soil classifications (e.g. Croatian, Italian, Israeli) retained the term long as the general pedoenvironment remains essentially suitable for “terra rossa” for the hard limestone derived red soils. The nature and the formation of terra rossa.
  • Anatomy of a Sub-Cambrian Paleosol in Wisconsin

    Anatomy of a Sub-Cambrian Paleosol in Wisconsin

    Anatomy of a Sub-Cambrian Paleosol in Wisconsin: Mass Fluxes of Chemical Weathering and Climatic Conditions in North America during Formation of the Cambrian Great Unconformity L. Gordon Medaris Jr.,1,* Steven G. Driese,2 Gary E. Stinchcomb,3 John H. Fournelle,1 Seungyeol Lee,1,4 Huifang Xu,1,4 Lyndsay DiPietro,2 Phillip Gopon,5 and Esther K. Stewart6 1. Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; 2. Department of Geosciences, Terrestrial Paleoclimatology Research Group, Baylor University, Waco, Texas 76798, USA; 3. Department of Geosciences and Watershed Studies Institute, Murray State University, Murray, Kentucky 42071, USA; 4. NASA Astrobiology Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA; 5. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3AN, United Kingdom; 6. Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA ABSTRACT A paleosol beneath the Upper Cambrian Mount Simon Sandstone in Wisconsin provides an opportunity to evaluate the characteristics of Cambrian weathering in a subtropical climate, having been located at 207S paleolatitude 500 My ago. The 285-cm-thick paleosol resulted from advanced chemical weathering of a gabbroic protolith, recording a total mass loss of 50%. Weathering of hornblende and plagioclase produced a pedogenic assemblage of quartz, chlorite, kaolinite, goethite, and, in the lowest part of the profile, siderite. Despite the paucity of quartz in the protolith and 40% removal of SiO2 from the profile, quartz constitutes 11%–23% of the pedogenic mineral assemblage. Like many other Precambrian and Cambrian paleosols in the Lake Superior region, the paleosol experienced potassium metasomatism, now con- taining 10%–25% mixed-layer illite-vermiculite and 5%–44% potassium feldspar.
  • Soil Crusts Structural Soil Crusts Are Relatively Thin, Dense, Somewhat Continuous Layers of Non-Aggregated Soil Particles on the Surface of Tilled and Exposed Soils

    Soil Crusts Structural Soil Crusts Are Relatively Thin, Dense, Somewhat Continuous Layers of Non-Aggregated Soil Particles on the Surface of Tilled and Exposed Soils

    Indicator Test Function USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service P F W Soil Quality Indicators Soil Crusts Structural soil crusts are relatively thin, dense, somewhat continuous layers of non-aggregated soil particles on the surface of tilled and exposed soils. Structural crusts develop when a sealed-over soil surface dries out after rainfall or irrigation. Water droplets striking soil aggregates and water flowing across soil breaks aggregates into individual soil particles. Fine soil particles wash, settle into and block surface pores causing the soil surface to seal over and preventing water from soaking into the soil. As the muddy soil surface dries out, it crusts over. Left: Note the surface crust on this soil. The field was in tall fescue sod for 11 years. It was cleared and plowed using conventional Structural crusts range from a few tenths to as thick as two tillage methods. Photo courtesy Bobby Brock, USDA NRCS (retired). Right: Collected from a no-till field in Georgia’s Southern inches. A surface crust is much more compact, hard and Piedmont, good structure and aggregation are evident in the soil on brittle when dry than the soil immediately beneath it, the right. The same soil formed a structural crust under which may be loose and friable. Crusts can be described by conventional tillage. Note the sunlight reflectance of the crusted their strength, or air-dry rupture resistance. soil. Photo courtesy James E. Dean, USDA NRCS (retired). Soil crusting is also associated with biological and Dynamic - Management activities that deplete soil chemical factors. A biological crust is a living community organic matter and leave soil bare, smooth and exposed to of lichen, cyanobacteria, algae, and moss growing on the the direct impact of water droplets increase soil dispersion, soil surface that bind the soil together.
  • Biological Soil Crust Rehabilitation in Theory and Practice: an Underexploited Opportunity Matthew A

    Biological Soil Crust Rehabilitation in Theory and Practice: an Underexploited Opportunity Matthew A

    REVIEW Biological Soil Crust Rehabilitation in Theory and Practice: An Underexploited Opportunity Matthew A. Bowker1,2 Abstract techniques; and (3) monitoring. Statistical predictive Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are ubiquitous lichen–bryo- modeling is a useful method for estimating the potential phyte microbial communities, which are critical structural BSC condition of a rehabilitation site. Various rehabilita- and functional components of many ecosystems. How- tion techniques attempt to correct, in decreasing order of ever, BSCs are rarely addressed in the restoration litera- difficulty, active soil erosion (e.g., stabilization techni- ture. The purposes of this review were to examine the ques), resource deficiencies (e.g., moisture and nutrient ecological roles BSCs play in succession models, the augmentation), or BSC propagule scarcity (e.g., inoc- backbone of restoration theory, and to discuss the prac- ulation). Success will probably be contingent on prior tical aspects of rehabilitating BSCs to disturbed eco- evaluation of site conditions and accurate identification systems. Most evidence indicates that BSCs facilitate of constraints to BSC reestablishment. Rehabilitation of succession to later seres, suggesting that assisted recovery BSCs is attainable and may be required in the recovery of of BSCs could speed up succession. Because BSCs are some ecosystems. The strong influence that BSCs exert ecosystem engineers in high abiotic stress systems, loss of on ecosystems is an underexploited opportunity for re- BSCs may be synonymous with crossing degradation storationists to return disturbed ecosystems to a desirable thresholds. However, assisted recovery of BSCs may trajectory. allow a transition from a degraded steady state to a more desired alternative steady state. In practice, BSC rehabili- Key words: aridlands, cryptobiotic soil crusts, cryptogams, tation has three major components: (1) establishment of degradation thresholds, state-and-transition models, goals; (2) selection and implementation of rehabilitation succession.
  • The Use of Proximal Soil Sensor Data Fusion and Digital Soil Mapping For

    The Use of Proximal Soil Sensor Data Fusion and Digital Soil Mapping For

    The use of proximal soil sensor data fusion and digital soil mapping for precision agriculture Wenjun Ji, Viacheslav Adamchuk, Songchao Chen, Asim Biswas, Maxime Leclerc, Raphael Viscarra Rossel To cite this version: Wenjun Ji, Viacheslav Adamchuk, Songchao Chen, Asim Biswas, Maxime Leclerc, et al.. The use of proximal soil sensor data fusion and digital soil mapping for precision agriculture. Pedometrics 2017, Jun 2017, Wageningen, Netherlands. 298 p. hal-01601278 HAL Id: hal-01601278 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01601278 Submitted on 2 Jun 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - ShareAlike| 4.0 International License Abstract Book Pedometrics 2017 Wageningen, 26 June – 1 July 2017 2 Contents Evaluating Use of Ground Penetrating Radar and Geostatistic Methods for Mapping Soil Cemented Horizon .................................... 13 Digital soil mapping in areas of mussunungas: algoritmos comparission .......... 14 Sensing of farm and district-scale soil moisture content using a mobile cosmic ray probe (COSMOS Rover) .................................... 15 Proximal sensing of soil crack networks using three-dimensional electrical resistivity to- mography ......................................... 16 Using digital microscopy for rapid determination of soil texture and prediction of soil organic matter .....................................
  • Further Notes on Terra Rossa and Related Soils Near Kfar Hahoresh Archaeological Site, Israel

    Further Notes on Terra Rossa and Related Soils Near Kfar Hahoresh Archaeological Site, Israel

    Further notes on terra rossa and related soils near Kfar HaHoresh archaeological site, Israel Tsatskin A., Gendler T.S. in Zdruli P. (ed.), Steduto P. (ed.), Kapur S. (ed.). 7. International meeting on Soils with Mediterranean Type of Climate (selected papers) Bari : CIHEAM Options Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens; n. 50 2002 pages 109-120 Article available on line / Article disponible en ligne à l’adresse : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- http://om.ciheam.org/article.php?IDPDF=4002024 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- To cite this article / Pour citer cet article -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tsatskin A., Gendler T.S. Further notes on terra rossa and related soils near Kfar HaHoresh archaeological site, Israel. In : Zdruli P. (ed.), Steduto P. (ed.), Kapur S. (ed.). 7. International meeting on Soils with Mediterranean Type of Climate (selected papers). Bari : CIHEAM, 2002. p. 109-120 (Options Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens; n. 50) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  • Soils of County Clare

    Soils of County Clare

    Copyright of Teagasc, The Agriculture and Food Development Authority Soil Survey Bulletin No. 23 Soils of County Clare by T. F. Finch (Report compiled by T. F, Finch, E. Culleton and S. Diamond) National Soil Survey of Ireland An Foras Taluntais (THE AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE) Published by An Foras Taluntais, 33 Merrion Road, Dublin 4 Price: £1.50 June, 1971 PREFACE This publication, Soil Survey Bulletin No. 23, presents the findings of the Soil Survey of County Clare. It is one of a series of county soil surveys being carried out by the National Soil Survey of An Foras Taluntais (The Agricultural Institute) for the purpose of providing basic information which can be used in optimum land-use planning. The field mapping was carried out at a scale of 1:10,560 (6 in. = 1 mile; 15 cm = 1.6 km) but the detail mapped on the field sheets is not shown on the published soil map at the scale of 1:126,720 (} in. 1 mile: 1.25 cm = 1.6 km) due to scale limitation. Copies of the field maps are available for consultation in the Soil Survey Office at Johnstown Castle, Wexford. Mr. T. F. Finch was responsible for the operation of this survey; he commenced work in the county in 1965 and completed the field investigations in 1968. Technical assistance was provided from time to time by Mr. P. Feeney, Mr. T. O'Shea and Mr. T. Martin. Mr. S. Diamond gave assistance and advice in soil correlation, classification and land-use interpretation, and Mr. R. F.
  • National Cooperative Soil Survey and Biological Soil Crusts

    National Cooperative Soil Survey and Biological Soil Crusts

    Biological Soil Crusts Status Report 2003 National Cooperative Soil Survey Conference Plymouth, Massachusetts June 16 - 20, 2003 Table of Contents I. NCSS 2003 National Conference Proceedings II. Report and recommendations of the soil crust task force - 2002 West Regional Cooperative Soil Survey Conference Task Force Members Charges Part I. Executive Summary and Recommendations Part II. Report on Charges Part III. Research Needs, Action Items, Additional Charges Part IV. Resources for Additional Information Part V. Appendices Appendix 1 - Agency needs Appendix 2 - Draft material for incorporation into the Soil Survey Manual Introduction Relationship to Mineral Crusts Types of Biological Soil Crusts Figure 1. Biological soil crust types. Major Components of Soil Crusts: Cyanobacteria, Lichens, and Mosses Table 1. Morphological groups for biological crust components and their N-fixing characteristics. (Belnap et al. 2001) Soil Surface Roughness/Crust Age Distribution of Crusts References Appendix 3 - Guidelines for describing soil surface features, Version 2.0 Surface features Table 1. Surface features Determining Percent Cover Equipment Method 1. Step-point Method 2. Ocular estimate with quadrats Method 3. Line-point quadrat Method 4. Stratified line-point intercept Method 5. Ocular estimate Appendix 3a - Data sheets used in Moab field test Appendix 4 - Soil descriptions Discussion Group 1 Group 3 Group 2 Group 4 Appendix 5 - Photography Biological Soil Crust Status Report NCSS National Conference June 16-20, 2003 Table of Contents III. Task force's response to the following questions posed by the 2002 West Regional Standards Committee 1. Are biological soil crusts plants, soil or combination of both? 2. Is it appropriate to think of these crusts as plant communities with potentials, state and transition? 3.
  • List M - Soils - German and French Equivalents of English Terms

    List M - Soils - German and French Equivalents of English Terms

    LIST M - SOILS - GERMAN AND FRENCH EQUIVALENTS OF ENGLISH TERMS AMERICAN GERMAN FRENCH AMERICAN GERMAN FRENCH Acrisols Acrisol Sol-mediterraneen Gray podzolic soils Podsolierter grauer Podzol Albolls Boden Alfisols Gray warp soils Paternia Sol-peu-evolue or Alluvial soils Auen-Boden Sol-d’alluvions Sol-d’alluvions Alpine meadow soils Alpiner Wiesen- Sol-hydromorphe Gray wooded soils boden Ground-water podzols Gley-Podsol Podzol Andepts Ground-water Grundwasser- Laterite Andosols Andosol Sol-peu-evolue laterite soils Laterite roche- Grumosols Grumosol Vertisol volcanique Half bog soils Anmoor Tourbe Aqualfs Halomorphic soils Salz-Boden Sol-halomorphe Aquents Halosols Halosols Sal-halomorphe Aquepts Hemists Aquods High moor Hochmoor Tourbe Aquolls Histosols Aquox Humic gley soils Humus Gley Boden Aquults Sol-humique-a-gley Arctic tundra soils Arktische Tundra Sol-de-toundra Humic soils Humus-reiche- Sol-riche-en- Boden Boden humus Arenosols Arenosol Sol-brut sable Humods Arents Hydromorphic soils Hydromorpher- Sol-hydro- Argids Boden morphique Aridisols Inceptisols Azonal soils Roh-Boden Sol-brut Intrazonal soils Intrazonaler Boden Sol Black earth use Schwarzerde Chernozem Kastanozems Chernozems Krasnozems Krasnozem Krasnozem Bog soils Moorboden Tourbe laterites Laterit-Boden Sol-lateritique Boreal frozen taiga Sol-gele Latosols Latosol Sol-ferralitique soils Lithosols Gesteins-roh-Boden Sol-squelettique Boreal taiga and Sol Low-humic gley soils forest soils Luvisols Luvisols Sol lessivage Brown desert steppe Burozem Sierozem Mediterranean