International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 9, Issue 11, November 2018, pp. 2113–2125, Article ID: IJCIET_09_11_207 Available online at http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=9&Issue=11 ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316 ©IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed AN EXTENSIVE EXAMINATION OF WATER QUALITY AND SOIL QUALITY CHARACTERSTICES IN FEW AREAS OF ANDHRA PRADESH CORE CAPITAL REGION AT AMARAVATI BY USING GIS APPLICATIONS M.V. Raju Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Vignan’s Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Deemed to be University, Andhra Pradesh, India K. Mariadas Assistant Professor of Chemistry, Vignan’s Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Deemed to be University, Andhra Pradesh, India G.Venu Ratna Kumari Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Prasad V Potluri Siddhartha Institute of Technology, Kanuru, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India M. Siva Jagadish Kumar Assistant Professor, Department of Textile Technology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science Technology and Research, Deemed to be University, Andhra Pradesh, India S. Ramesh Babu AGM, Environment Health and Safety, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Hyderabad, Telangana State, India ABSTRACT Ground water is the main source in the study area of core capital region at amaravathi and also it has some surface water sources of river Krishna flows through the region from North-West to South-East bordering the Krishna and Guntur districts. Apart from the river Krishna, many small rivulets and canals flow through the region. http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 2113 [email protected] M.V. Raju, K. Mariadas, G.Venu Ratna Kumari, M. Siva Jagadish Kumar and S. Ramesh Babu The irrigation canals include the Buckingham canal, Ryves canal, Krishna Main canal, Nizampatnam canal, Krishna West Bank canal and the Commamuru canal. In this present study, worked on examination of 44 number of water samples, which includes 22 number of ground water as well as 22 number of surface waters and also 22 number of soil samples analysed in three different months i.e. August, September and October were and also developed various GIS maps of Ground water quality , surface water quality , soil quality positions of the study area, which were covering in three mandals of Thulluru, Tadepalli and Mangalagiri of study area of the core capital region. In some samples it’s required some preliminary treatment must be given to water for its utilization. On overall the ground water quality and soil quality of most of the parameters in most of the areas was observed are within the acceptable limits, where as for utilization its seems to followed by some preliminary treatment technologies Key words: Core Capital Region, Water quality, Soil Quality, Contamination, GIS. Cite this Article: M.V. Raju, K. Mariadas, G.Venu Ratna Kumari, M. Siva Jagadish Kumar and S. Ramesh Babu, An Extensive Examination of Water Quality and Soil Quality Characterstices In Few Areas of Andhra Pradesh Core Capital Region at Amaravati By Using GIS Applications, International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) 9(11), 2018, pp. 2113–2125. http://iaeme.com/Home/issue/IJCIET?Volume=9&Issue=11 1. INTRODUCTION Groundwater is an important one source of water supply, it was occurs most of the areas, where, beneath the earth surface not in a single widespread aquifer but in thousands of local aquifer systems and compartments that have similar characters. The ground water quality is still important to the public, therefore it is important to ensure its high quality at all time so that the consumer health is not compromised. Generally, Ground water resources are affected by three major activities. i.e. The first one is excessive turn up or use of chemicals or fertilizers and/ or pesticides in agricultural areas. The second one is sewage or sludge or effluent to the environment. Finally, excessive pumping and improper management of aquifers result. And also solid waste dumping and disposal activity in an open un-engineered landfill is the one of the factor that cause the ground water pollution due to lack of pollution control interventions such as unsecured sanitary landfills , leachate treatment pond, monitoring wells, and many more Soil is a dynamic living resource whose condition is vital both to the production of food and fibber and to global balance and ecosystem function or in essence to the sustainability of life on earth. Soil, water and air are three basic natural resources upon which most life depends. Soil quality may be defined as the “capacity of soil to function within the ecosystem and land use boundaries to sustain biological productivity, maintain environmental quality and promote plant, animal and human health” (Doran and Parkin, 1994). For better management practices it is necessary to assess the soil and water quality and they will decide the performance of the crops. 2. DISCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA The Andhra Pradesh Reorganization Act 2014, which came into effect on 2nd June, 2014, provided for the reorganization of the existing state of Andhra Pradesh. It has a jurisdictional area of 8,352.69 km2 spread in Guntur and Krishna districts. It also includes 214 km2 of the new capital city of Andhra Pradesh, Amravati and the Capital City area between Vijayawada http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 2114 [email protected] An Extensive Examination of Water Quality and Soil Quality Characterstices In Few Areas of Andhra Pradesh Core Capital Region at Amaravati By Using GIS Applications and Guntur cities on the Southern bank of river Krishna upstream of prakasam barrage. As per the 2011 census, the total population of the Amaravati Capital City area is 97,960. Out of the total population, the male population is 48,705 and the female population is 49,255 and the Total numbers of Literates are 60740 The total capital region is divided into many zones and all these zones represent a specified area of the total capital region. The zones are urban local bodies, Amaravathi, Central Zone, Eastern Zone, North East Zone, Northern Zone, South East Zone, South West Zone, Southern Zone and Western Zone. And the Core capital region, which consisting of 25 villages, named as Thulluru, Lingayapalem, Uddandarayunipalem, Velagapudi, Sakamuru, Nelapadu, Malkapuram, Mandadam, Venkatapalem, Anantavaram, Nekkallu, Rayapudi, Inavolu, Pictchukalapalem, Dondapadu, Abburajupalem, Borupalem, Kondaraju Palem, Tedepalli, Undavalli, Penumaka, Krishnayapalem, Nidamarru, Kuragallu, Nowluru are falling in three mandals of Thulluru, Tadepalli and Mangalagiri. The capital region with 25 village’s map of the study area shown in Figure 1.1 Figure1.1. GIS Map of 25 Village Areas Falling in 3 Mandals of Thulluru, Tadepalli and Mangalagiri at Core Capital Region of Amaravathi (Study Area) 3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY • An extensive examination of water quality i.e. ground water as well as surface waters in few areas of Andhra Pradesh Core Capital Region , Amaravathi and • Evaluation of soil quality and development of GIS maps • Suggestion for suitable treatment technologies for better utilization of the resources 4. METHODOLOGY • Collection of source data like satellite data of two seasons, SOI (Survey of India) toposheet, village maps and tentative soil erosion maps. These are the main inputs for the preparation of thematic layers • Two seasons’ satellite data of PAN (Panchromatic) and LISS-III (Linear Image Self Scanner) are geometrically corrected and enhanced. Then both PAN and LISS III data are merged using principal component method and Cubic Convolution re-sampling technique. Finally after map composition satellite imagery is printed in FCC in 1:50,000 scale http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJCIET 2115 [email protected] M.V. Raju, K. Mariadas, G.Venu Ratna Kumari, M. Siva Jagadish Kumar and S. Ramesh Babu • Preparation of basic themes like base map, settlement map, village map, drainage map and soil erosion map from the source data. Then updating of base map, transport map and drainage map from the satellite image by visual interpretation • Thematic maps (related to natural resources) like land use / land cover map, Litho logy map, structure map and geomorphology map are prepared by visual interpretation of the satellite imagery • Visual interpretation is carried out based on the image characteristics like tone, size, shape, pattern, texture, location, association, background etc. in conjunction with existing maps/literature • Preliminary quality check and necessary corrections are carried out for all the maps prepared. Field observations are incorporated in to the related thematic layers. Well status map is prepared by plotting the well inventory data on the village maps • Ground water prospects map is prepared by the combination of Lithology map, geomorphology map, Command area map is prepared by the combination of land use/land cover map, primary and secondary data related to irrigation and tanks • Final quality check and necessary corrections are carried out for all the maps prepared. All the maps prepared are converted into soft copy by digitization. In that process editing, labelling, mosaicking, quality checking, data integration etc., are carried out • Land use/land cover map, ground water prospects map, command area map are integrated with village map and analyzed to get village wise statistical findings • Villages are categorized by irrigation utilization, natural resources utilization based on the village wise statistical findings. Ranking criteria is