A Crash Course in Typography: the Basics of Type | the Jotform Blog
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Inventaris Letterproeven 2013-10-11 1 Inventaris Nummer Land Van
Inventaris Land van Bedrijf Plaats van Titel Opmerkingen Omvang Aantal Datering nummer vestiging vestiging letter- proeven van tot 0001 [onbekend] [onbekend] [onbekend] [Tiervignetten] Ongeïdentificeerde, Duitstalige proef met 32 p. 1890 1910 vignetten van dieren, van gewervelden tot protozoa. 0002 [onbekend] [onbekend] [onbekend] [cluster] Losse proeven zonder datum, Diverse formaten. Bevat Mediaeval 10 1900 land, gieterij. Egyptian/Roman/Italic; Eirenne; 0003 [onbekend] [onbekend] [onbekend] Messingschriften für Handvergoldung aus Viertalige catalogus van letters voor 82 p. 1932 Instrument und Matern gegossen boekbinders. 0004 [onbekend] [onbekend] [onbekend] [cluster] Losse proeven zonder datum, Inhoud: Intertype Arabic (4); 13 [onbe land, corporatie. Caslon+Locarno (1); Splendor+Splendor kend] Vet+Excelsior (3); cijfers(1), Garamont sierletters cursief, romein, kapitalen cursief (3); Acropolis (1). 0005 Argentinië Curt Berger y Buenos Aires Titulares Series Económicas / Fundidas con 16 p. 1920 Cía metal especial importado direcamente de Alemania 0006 Argentinië Curt Berger y Buenos Aires Letras Inglesas rondas y cursivas / Tipos Bijlage: 3 losse toepassingen. 36 p. 1930 Cía imitación máquina de escribir 0007 Argentinië Curt Berger y Buenos Aires Tipos para textos y titulares / últimas 72 p. 1930 Cía creaciones / series artísticas y modernísmas / matrices originales de la gran fundición de J.G. Schelter & Giesecke 0008 Argentinië Curt Berger y Buenos Aires Tipos para texto / Bastardillas, Negritas y 24 p. 1935 Cía Versalitas ... [...] 0009 Argentinië Curt Berger y Buenos Aires [zonder titel] Brochure. Bijlage: 2 ex van een proef, 2 19 p. 1935 Cía S.R.L. p., van de Silphide. 0010 Argentinië Curt Berger y Buenos Aires Tipos Modernos / Pincel Silfide Vouwblad, met toepassingen en proeven 8 p. -
Type ID and History
History and Identification of Typefaces with your host Ted Ollier Bow and Arrow Press Anatomy of a Typeface: The pieces of letterforms apex cap line serif x line ear bowl x height counter baseline link loop Axgdecender line ascender dot terminal arm stem shoulder crossbar leg decender fkjntail Anatomy of a Typeface: Design decisions Stress: Berkeley vs Century Contrast: Stempel Garamond vs Bauer Bodoni oo dd AAxx Axis: Akzidenz Grotesk, Bembo, Stempel Garmond, Meridien, Stymie Q Q Q Q Q Typeface history: Blackletter Germanic, completely pen-based forms Hamburgerfonts Alte Schwabacher c1990 Monotype Corporation Hamburgerfonts Engraver’s Old English (Textur) 1906 Morris Fuller Benton Hamburgerfonts Fette Fraktur 1850 Johan Christian Bauer Hamburgerfonts San Marco (Rotunda) 1994 Karlgeorg Hoefer, Alexei Chekulayev Typeface history: Humanist Low contrast, left axis, “penned” serifs, slanted “e”, small x-height Hamburgerfonts Berkeley Old Style 1915 Frederic Goudy Hamburgerfonts Centaur 1914 Bruce Rogers after Nicolas Jenson 1469 Hamburgerfonts Stempel Schneidler 1936 F.H.Ernst Schneidler Hamburgerfonts Adobe Jenson 1996 Robert Slimbach after Nicolas Jenson 1470 Typeface history: Old Style Medium contrast, more vertical axis, fewer “pen” flourishes Hamburgerfonts Stempel Garamond 1928 Stempel Type Foundry after Claude Garamond 1592 Hamburgerfonts Caslon 1990 Carol Twombley after William Caslon 1722 Hamburgerfonts Bembo 1929 Stanley Morison after Francesco Griffo 1495 Hamburgerfonts Janson 1955 Hermann Zapf after Miklós Tótfalusi Kis 1680 Typeface -
Opentype Outline Flavour
OpenType outline flavour: CFF - PostScript-Outlines Contained fonts: Akhbar™ Light Akhbar™ Regular Akhbar™ Bold Albany® Std Regular Albany® Std Italic Albany® Std Bold Albany® Std Bold Italic Albertina™ Std Regular Albertina™ Pro Regular Albertina™ Pro Italic Albertina™ Std Italic Albertina™ Std Medium Albertina™ Pro Medium Albertina™ Pro Medium Italic Albertina™ Std Medium Italic Albertina™ Std Bold Albertina™ Pro Bold Albertina™ Pro Bold Italic Albertina™ Std Bold Italic Albertus® Pro Light Albertus® Pro Roman Albertus® Pro Italic Albertus® Std Light Albertus® Std Roman Albertus® Std Italic Alisal™ Std Regular Alisal™ Pro Regular Alisal™ Pro Italic Alisal™ Std Italic Alisal™ Std Bold Alisal™ Pro Bold Almanac™ Regular Amadeo™ Std Regular Amadeo™ Std Regular SC Amadeo™ Std Bold Amadeo™ Std Bold SC Amanda™ Std Regular Amanda™ Pro Regular Amanda™ Pro Bold Amanda™ Std Bold Amasis™ eText Regular Amasis™ eText Italic Amasis™ eText Bold Amasis™ eText Bold Italic Andale® Mono WGL Regular Andale® Mono WGL Regular Andale® Mono WGL Italic Andale® Mono WGL Italic Andale® Mono WGL Bold Andale® Mono WGL Bold Andale® Mono Std Regular Andale® Mono Pro Regular Andale® Mono Pro Bold Andale® Mono Std Bold Andale® Mono WGL Bold Italic Andale® Mono WGL Bold Italic Andy™ Std Regular Andy™ Pro Regular Andy™ Pro Italic Andy™ Std Italic Andy™ Std Bold Andy™ Pro Bold Andy™ Pro Bold Italic Andy™ Std Bold Italic Antique Roman™ Std Solid Apollo™ Std Roman Apollo™ Pro Roman Apollo™ Pro Italic Apollo™ Std Italic Apollo™ Std Semibold Apollo™ Pro Semibold Aqua Life™ Pi -
Adobe Font Folio Opentype Edition 2003
Adobe Font Folio OpenType Edition 2003 The Adobe Folio 9.0 containing PostScript Type 1 fonts was replaced in 2003 by the Adobe Folio OpenType Edition ("Adobe Folio 10") containing 486 OpenType font families totaling 2209 font styles (regular, bold, italic, etc.). Adobe no longer sells PostScript Type 1 fonts and now sells OpenType fonts. OpenType fonts permit of encrypting and embedding hidden private buyer data (postal address, email address, bank account number, credit card number etc.). Embedding of your private data is now also customary with old PS Type 1 fonts, but here you can detect more easily your hidden private data. For an example of embedded private data see http://www.sanskritweb.net/forgers/lino17.pdf showing both encrypted and unencrypted private data. If you are connected to the internet, it is easy for online shops to spy out your private data by reading the fonts installed on your computer. In this way, Adobe and other online shops also obtain email addresses for spamming purposes. Therefore it is recommended to avoid buying fonts from Adobe, Linotype, Monotype etc., if you use a computer that is connected to the internet. See also Prof. Luc Devroye's notes on Adobe Store Security Breach spam emails at this site http://cgm.cs.mcgill.ca/~luc/legal.html Note 1: 80% of the fonts contained in the "Adobe" FontFolio CD are non-Adobe fonts by ITC, Linotype, and others. Note 2: Most of these "Adobe" fonts do not permit of "editing embedding" so that these fonts are practically useless. Despite these serious disadvantages, the Adobe Folio OpenType Edition retails presently (March 2005) at US$8,999.00. -
Font HOWTO Font HOWTO
Font HOWTO Font HOWTO Table of Contents Font HOWTO......................................................................................................................................................1 Donovan Rebbechi, elflord@panix.com..................................................................................................1 1.Introduction...........................................................................................................................................1 2.Fonts 101 −− A Quick Introduction to Fonts........................................................................................1 3.Fonts 102 −− Typography.....................................................................................................................1 4.Making Fonts Available To X..............................................................................................................1 5.Making Fonts Available To Ghostscript...............................................................................................1 6.True Type to Type1 Conversion...........................................................................................................2 7.WYSIWYG Publishing and Fonts........................................................................................................2 8.TeX / LaTeX.........................................................................................................................................2 9.Getting Fonts For Linux.......................................................................................................................2 -
Graphics Design
Graphics Design - Typography Exercise 7 - ‘Arial’ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Closest Fonts: {Arial, Helvetica, MS Gothic} Closer Fonts: {Newhouse DT Condensed, CG Triumvirate Condensed} Chosen Focus Font: {Arial Narrow Bold Italic} ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Font: Monotype Grotesque Birth-Date: 1926 Creator: Frank Hinman Pierpont Publisher: Monotype Foundry Based Off: Grotesque (by H. Berthold AG Foundry & William Thorowogood, 1832) Family: Largely-Extended: Multiple Widths (Condensed,...,Extended) Recognition: Easily Recognisable as san-serifs were few and unusual in England. Use: Early 20th Century Avant Garde Printing from Western & Central Europe ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Font: Arial Alias: (Original) Sonoran Sans Serif, (After Microsoft Acquisition) Arial MT Birth-Date: 1982 Self-Description: “Contemporary sans serif design, Arial contains more humanist characteristics than many of its predecessors and as such is more in tune with the mood of the last decades of the twentieth century. The overall treatment of curves is softer and fuller than in most industrial style sans serif faces. Terminal strokes are cut on the diagonal which helps to give the face a less mechanical appearance. Arial is an extremely versatile family of typefaces which can -
History of Moveable Type
History of Moveable Type Johannes Gutenberg invented Moveable Type and the Printing Press in Germany in 1440. Moveable Type was first made of wood and replaced by metal. Example of moveable type being set. Fonts were Type set on a printing press. organized in wooden “job cases” by Typeface, Caps and Lower Case, and Point Size. Typography Terms Glyphs – letters (A,a,B,b,C,c) Typeface – The aesthetic design of an alphabet. Helvetica, Didot, Times New Roman Type Family – The range of variations and point size available within one Typeface. Font (Font Face) – The traditional term for the complete set of a typeface as it relates to one point size (Font Face: Helvetica, 10 pt). This would include upper and lower case glyphs, small capitals, bold and italic. After the introduction of the computer, the word Font is now used synonymously with the word Typeface, i.e. “What font are you using? Helvetica!” Weight – the weight of a typeface is determined by the thickness of the character outlines relative to their height (Hairline, Thin, Ultra-light, Extra-light, Light, Book, Regular, Roman, Medium, Demi-bold, Semi-bold, Bold, Extra-bold, Heavy, Black, Extra-black, Ultra-black). Point Size – the size of the typeface (12pt, 14pt, 18pt). Points are the standard until of typographic measurement. 12 points = 1 pica, 6 picas = 72 points = 1 inch. (Example right) A general rule is that body copy should never go below 10pt and captions should never be less than 8pt. Leading – or line spacing is the spacing between lines of type. In metal type composition, actual pieces of lead were inserted between lines of type on the printing press to create line spacing. -
Sans Protection: Typeface Design and Copyright in the Twenty-First Century
Sans Protection: Typeface Design and Copyright in the Twenty-First Century By TRAVIS L. MANFREDI* If there is uncertainty or lack of clarity, it is not the fault of the letters, it is how they are put together. Yet these symbols can be transformed visually without any loss of their essential character. The changes reflect new societies, new technologies, new preferences, new functions; but within these changes the symbols are constant, always themselves.1 —Alan Bartram Introduction IT HAS BEEN THIRTY-TWO YEARS since copyright protection was explicitly withheld from typeface designs.2 Personal computers have since created both a new market for typeface designs and an easy way to copy them.3 This article examines whether the genesis of this new market coupled with other effects of the digitization of fonts4 suffi- ciently alters the rationale for denying copyright protection to type- face designs to justify an amendment to the Copyright Act. Part I of this article provides a brief history of typeface design and a primer on the basic features of typefaces. These features provide for * J.D. Candidate, University of San Francisco School of Law, 2011. 1. ALAN BARTRAM, TYPEFORMS: A HISTORY 125 (2007). 2. Eltra Corp. v. Ringer, 579 F.2d 294 (4th Cir. 1978). 3. Jacqueline D. Lipton, To © or Not to ©? Copyright and Innovation in the Digital Type- face Industry, 43 U.C. DAVIS L. REV. 143, 167–68 (2009). 4. Though the terms “font” and “typeface” are often used interchangeably, the im- portant distinction between the two is explained by Professor Lipton: -
Lucida Sans the Quick Brown Fox Jumps Over a Lazy Dog
Facing up to Fonts Richard Rutter “When the only font available is Times New Roman, the typographer must make the most of its virtues. The typography should be richly and superbly ordinary, so that attention is drawn to the quality of the composition, not the individual letterforms.” Elements of Typographic Style by Robert Bringhurst ≠ Times New Roman Times New Roman is a serif typeface commissioned by the British newspaper, The Times, in 1931, designed by Stanley Morison and Victor Lardent at the English branch of Monotype. It was commissioned after Morison had written an article criticizing The Times for being badly printed and typographically behind the times. Arial Arial is a sans-serif typeface designed in 1982 by Robin Nicholas and Patricia Saunders for Monotype Typography. Though nearly identical to Linotype Helvetica in both proportion and weight, the design of Arial is in fact a variation of Monotype Grotesque, and was designed for IBM’s laserxerographic printer. Georgia Georgia is a transitional serif typeface designed in 1993 by Matthew Carter and hinted by Tom Rickner for the Microsoft Corporation. It is designed for clarity on a computer monitor even at small sizes, partially due to a relatively large x-height. The typeface is named after a tabloid headline titled Alien heads found in Georgia. Verdana Verdana is a humanist sans-serif typeface designed by Matthew Carter for Microsoft Corporation, with hand-hinting done by Tom Rickner. Bearing similarities to humanist sans-serif typefaces such as Frutiger, Verdana was designed to be readable at small sizes on a computer screen. Trebuchet A humanist sans-serif typeface designed by Vincent Connare for the Microsoft Corporation in 1996. -
Contemporary Processes of Text Typeface Design
Title Contemporary processes of text typeface design Type The sis URL https://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/id/eprint/13455/ Dat e 2 0 1 8 Citation Harkins, Michael (2018) Contemporary processes of text typeface design. PhD thesis, University of the Arts London. Cr e a to rs Harkins, Michael Usage Guidelines Please refer to usage guidelines at http://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/policies.html or alternatively contact [email protected] . License: Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives Unless otherwise stated, copyright owned by the author Contemporary processes of text typeface design Michael Harkins Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Central Saint Martins University of the Arts London April 2018 This thesis is dedicated to the memory of my brother, Lee Anthony Harkins 22.01.17† and my father, Michael Harkins 11.04.17† Abstract Abstract Text typeface design can often be a lengthy and solitary endeavour on the part of the designer. An endeavour for which, there is little in terms of guidance to draw upon regarding the design processes involved. This is not only a contemporary problem but also an historical one. Examination of extant accounts that reference text typeface design aided the orientation of this research (Literature Review 2.0). This identified the lack of documented knowledge specific to the design processes involved. Identifying expert and non-expert/emic and etic (Pike 1967) perspectives within the existing literature helped account for such paucity. In relation to this, the main research question developed is: Can knowledge of text typeface design process be revealed, and if so can this be explicated theoretically? A qualitative, Grounded Theory Methodology (Glaser & Strauss 1967) was adopted (Methodology 3.0), appropriate where often a ‘topic of interest has been relatively ignored in the literature’ (Goulding 2002, p.55). -
„Bitstream“ Fonts
Key to the „Bitstream“ Fonts The history of typefaces is the history of forgeries. One of the greatest forgers of the 20th century was Matthew Carter. The Bitstream website (http://www.myfonts.com) describes him as follows: Matthew Carter of United Kingdom. Born: 1937 Son of Harry Carter, Royal Designer for Industry, contemporary British type designer and ultimate craftsman, trained as a punchcutter at Enschedé by Paul Rädisch, responsible for Crosfield's typographic program in the early 1960s, Mergenthaler Linotype's house designer 1965-1981. Carter co-founded Bitstream with Mike Parker in 1981. In 1991 he left Bitstream to form Carter & Cone with Cherie Cone. In 1997 he was awarded the TDC Medal, the award from the Type Directors Club presented to those „who have made significant contributions to the life, art, and craft of typography“. Carter’s „significant contribution to the life, art, and craft of typography“ consisted of forging the Linotype typeface collection. Carter can be characterized as a split personality. On the one hand, he has designed several original typefaces. On the other hand, he has forged hundreds of fonts. The following lists reveal that ca. 90% of the „Bitstream“ fonts are forgeries of the fonts contained in the catalog „LinoTypeCollection 1987“ („Mergenthaler Type Library“), i.e. the „Bitstream“ fonts are „nefarious evil knock-off clones“ (Bruno Steinert) of fonts sold by Linotype in the mid-1980s.1 „L“ in the following lists denotes that the font is contained in the „LinoTypeCollection 1987“. In the mid-1980s, the Linotype library comprised hundreds of typefaces with a total of 1700 fonts. -
Kpk-Typography-Part1.Pdf
Understanding Typography Part One A brief history of written and printed communication, the function of typography in graphic design and the essential typographic terminology. Early Writing Systems Photo Source: http://www.sanford-artedventures.com Earliest known attempts to communicate with imagery was around 25,000 B.C. This was primarily pictorial forms (i.e cave drawings) Early humans used symbols to communicate ideas Pictographs Systems of symbols that represent concepts in a consistent manner Simplified drawings represent objects Example is Egyptian system of hieroglyphics Photo Source: A Typographic Workbook, Kate Clair Advantage of this system is the ability to communicate universally (no language barriers) Image Source: http://bit.ly/bHhnx3 Pictographs Systems of symbols that represent concepts in a consistent manner Simplified drawings represent objects Example is Egyptian system of hieroglyphics Photo Source: A Typographic Workbook, Kate Clair Advantage of this system is the ability to communicate universally (no language barriers) Image Source: http://bit.ly/6gAvue Early Alphabets Phoenician The Phoenicians developed an alphabet of 22 symbols around 1000 B.C Symbols related to the sounds in the language Consonants only; no vowels Eliminated the need for people to memorize thousands of symbols The term “Phonetics” comes from this concept Early Alphabets Greek Greeks expanded on Phoenician alphabet Added vowels and named each character First system for reading left to right and top to bottom Early Alphabets Roman Romans developed