An Overview of the Vietnam
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Catering to the Silent Majority the My Lai Massacre As a Media Challenge
JANA TOPPE Catering to the silent majority The My Lai massacre as a media challenge Free University of Berlin 10.10.2011 Intensive Program: "Coming Together or Coming Apart? Europe and the United States in the Sixties" September 12 – 24, 2011 Session 6: Lessons of Vietnam and Military Reform Session Chair: Professor Dr. Mark Meigs, Université de Paris-Diderot Table of contents 1 Introduction…………………………………………………..…1 2 Vietnam, the administrations and the media…………….….…..2 2.1 Bone of contention: media coverage of Cam Ne…….……..2 2.2 Nixon, Agnew and the troubles of television………………4 2.3 Expendable lives: Media dehumanization………...………..7 3 Uncovering the atrocities of My Lai……………………….….10 3.1 The media‟s role in publishing the massacre – a tale of hesitancy and caution……………………………....11 3.2 Source: “The My Lai Massacre” - Time, Nov. 28, 1969….17 4 Conclusion…………………………………………………….19 5 Bibliography…………………………………………………..22 5.1 Sources……………………………………………...……..22 5.2 Secondary Literature………………………………..……..22 6 Appendix………………………………………………………23 Jana Toppe 1 Catering to the silent majority 1. Introduction In March 1968, the men of Charlie Company entered the village of My Lai under the command of First Lieutenant William Calley with the objective to „search and destroy‟ the Viet Cong believed to reside there. The village was instead populated by unarmed South Vietnamese civilians, mostly women and children, who were then massacred by Charlie Company. The incident was kept under wraps by the military for a year until an investigative journalist, Seymour Hersh, uncovered the story in 1969. The revelation of the My Lai cover-up and the expanding press coverage was not the watershed moment or turning point in press coverage as one may be tempted to think. -
Operation Lam Son 719 Amid “Vietnamization” Strategy During Vietnam War
International Journal of Social Science And Human Research ISSN(print): 2644-0679, ISSN(online): 2644-0695 Volume 04 Issue 07 July 2021 DOI: 10.47191/ijsshr/v4-i7-31, Impact factor-5.586 Page No: 1790-1798 Operation Lam Son 719 amid “Vietnamization” Strategy during Vietnam War Assoc. Prof. Nguyen Ngọc Dung1, MA. Nguyen Minh Son2 1University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam;International Relations Program, Thu Dau Mot University, Binh Duong, Vietnam, 2Ph.D. student, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam\ ABSTRACT: Fifty years ago, Operation Lam Son 719 was organized by the US Army and the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) to realize their scheme to cut off the Indochina battlefield separating the Vietnam revolutionary forces from the revolutionary movement of Laos and Cambodia. Based on historical evidence from previous Vietnamese and USA documents, this article aims to prove that Operation Lam Son 719 made many strategic mistakes in assessing the military power of ARVN and the revolutionary alliance of Vietnam - Laos – Cambodia during the Vietnam War, as well as the tactical mistakes on the battlefield of ARVN. The failure of Operation Lam Son 719 dealt a heavy blow to the Vietnamization strategy, showing the passive strategic approach in the Doctrine of Vietnamization. Operation Lam Son 719 played a big role in forcing the U S to agree to negotiate with Democratic Republic of Vietnam in Paris. KEYWORDS: Operation Lam Son 719, Nixon, Vietnamization, People’s Army of Vietnam (PAVN), Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN). -
Parallel Between Vietnam and Afghanistan Wars
Parallel Between Vietnam and Afghanistan Wars Muhammad Karim * Abstract After the announcement of new US strategy for Afghanistan by President Trump’s administration, the Afghan War now resembles that of concluding phase of the Vietnam War. At the end of the Vietnam War, the United States widened the war zone to spread it to Cambodia and Laos. Since last few months, US officials are blaming Pakistan for its failure in Afghanistan. Think Tanks are churning out new studies and reports suggesting tough conditions for Pakistan for its alleged supports for the terrorist groups. President Trump’s Afghan strategy also suggests more pressure on Pakistan and favors sphere of influence for India in Afghanistan. In totality the United States wants to shift its focus towards Pakistan and Afghanistan is largely becoming a side show. The study argues that in overall context of the ground realities, similarities exist in Afghan and Vietnam Wars that may have long term implications for diplomatic, economic and security matrixes of Pakistan. On the face of emerging US policies for the region and prevailing circumstances the research makes an endeavor to foretell next phase of the Afghan War vis-à-vis its implications on Pakistan. Keywords: US military; Afghanistan; Vietnam; Military Strategy; war zones Introduction Parallels between Vietnam and Afghan war are increasingly being drawn in the academic and scholarly debates, particularly with regards to the growing US military presence in Afghanistan. Voices, even within the President Barack Obama's and now President Trump’s own party is advising that the US is risking being drawn into Afghanistan’s quagmire which analogous to the Nixon’s Vietnam and may become Trump’s Vietnam. -
Commemorative Day for the Paris Peace Agreements Sunway Hotel, Phnom Penh – 22Nd October 2014
Commemorative Day for the Paris Peace Agreements Sunway Hotel, Phnom Penh – 22nd October 2014 His Royal Highness Samdech Norodom Sirivudh, Chairman of Cambodian Institute for Cooperation and Peace (CICP), Ambassadors, Distinguished Guests, ladies and gentlemen who work for peace in Cambodia. The Paris Peace Accords were signed on October 23rd 1991 and marked the official end of Cambodia’s civil war. At the first session of the Conference, Cambodia was represented by the four Cambodian Parties. At the second session of the Conference, the Supreme National Council of Cambodia, under the leadership of then President, H.R. Majesty King Norodom Sihanouk, represented Cambodia. The co-Presidents of the Conference were H.E. Mr. Roland Dumas, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the French Republic, and H.E. Mr. Ali Alatas, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. Both of these countries are here today, represented by H.E. Mr. Jean-Claude Poimboeuf, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of France to Cambodia and H.E. Mr. Pitono Purnomo, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Indonesia to Cambodia. We are also thankful for the presence of CICP Executive Director, H.E. Ambassador Pou Sothirak, who was present at the peace talks and played an influential role in the post peace accord implementation period. We are honoured that those who created a space for peace then, are now here at our commemorative event. Significantly, 18 governments signed the agreement: Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Canada, the Peoples Republic of China, the French Republic, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States of America and the Socialist Republic of Viet Nam. -
Current Issue of Saber
1st Cavalry Division Association Non-Profit Organization 302 N. Main St. US. Postage PAID Copperas Cove, Texas 76522-1703 West, TX 76691 Change Service Requested Permit No. 39 SABER Published By and For the Veterans of the Famous 1st Cavalry Division VOLUME 70 NUMBER 4 Website: www.1CDA.org JULY / AUGUST 2021 It is summer and HORSE DETACHMENT by CPT Siddiq Hasan, Commander THE PRESIDENT’S CORNER vacation time for many of us. Cathy and are in The Horse Cavalry Detachment rode the “charge with sabers high” for this Allen Norris summer’s Change of Command and retirement ceremonies! Thankfully, this (704) 641-6203 the final planning stage [email protected] for our trip to Maine. year’s extended spring showers brought the Horse Detachment tall green pastures We were going to go for the horses to graze when not training. last year; however, the Maine authorities required either a negative test for Covid Things at the Horse Detachment are getting back into a regular swing of things or 14 days quarantine upon arrival. Tests were not readily available last summer as communities around the state begin to open and request the HCD to support and being stuck in a hotel 14 days for a 10-day vacation seemed excessive, so we various events. In June we supported the Buckholts Cotton Festival, the Buffalo cancelled. Thankfully we were able to get our deposits back. Soldier Marker Dedication, and 1CD Army Birthday Cake Cutting to name a few. Not only was our vacation cancelled but so were our Reunion and Veterans Day The Horse Detachment bid a fond farewell and good luck to 1SG Murillo and ceremonies. -
The Mayaguez Rescue O
On Cambodia’s Koh Tang in 1975, US forces fought the last battle of the Southeast Asia War. USAF photo The Mayaguez Rescue By George M. Watson Jr. n May 12, 1975, a Cam- the Air Force helicopter crews were Two Khmer Rouge gunboats are seen bodian gunboat carrying compelled to carry out a mission for during seizure of the US container ship communist Khmer Rouge which they had no formal training. Mayaguez. O soldiers boarded and The ship and its crew were recov- seized Mayaguez, a US container ship ered, but the cost—in lost service lives They were haunted by North Korea’s sailing from Hong Kong to Thailand and damaged equipment—was high. 1968 seizure of USS Pueblo and its and passing along the coast of Cam- A Mayday distress signal from the Navy crew members, who were held bodia. Coming less than two weeks Mayaguez radio operator guided a Navy for 11 months. after the fall of Saigon and the end P-3 patrol aircraft to the vessel the morn- The US had no formal relations of the Vietnam War, Washington had ing after it was seized. The ship was with the new communist dictatorship no choice but to respond, and it did. riding at anchor about 34 miles from the in Phnom Penh, but it retained formi- The answer was a rescue mission. Cambodian harbor town of Kompong dable military forces in Thailand and The effort, afflicted by rushed planning Som, near a spit of land called Tang the Philippines. For one thing, the and poor intelligence, was chaotic. -
Project Name: Vietnam War Stories
Project Name: Vietnam War Stories Tape/File # WCNAM A26 Operation Cedar Falls Transcription Date: 9/03/09 Transcriber Name: Donna Crane Keywords: Operation Cedar Falls in Jan. 1967, Iron Triangle, hammer and anvil, Ben Suc, villagers preparing for relocation, M-60, M-14 rifles, Viet Cong, Vietcong tunnels, flamethrower, aerial views, soldiers in chow line, 25th Inf. Div., injured soldier, clearing landing zone, confiscated weapons, Gen. William DePuy, Gen. Bernard Rogers, soldiers disembarking from plane [02:00:10.23] Scroll--Operation Cedar Falls, Jan. 1967 explained [02:00:56.13] CV-2 Caribou lands at Tan Son Nhut, soldiers climbing on [02:01:26.02] "Soldiers arrive at Lai Khe, home of 1st Infantry Div.", soldier walking across landing field [02:01:39.20] "UH1D's flying over jungle terrain" [02:01:53.02] "Bomb Craters" [02:02:08.23] Helicopters flying against sunset, aerial view of helicopters in formation [02:02:29.25] Aerial views of "Iron Triangle" [02:03:03.01] Aerial views of "Iron Triangle" [02:03:30.16] "Soldiers landing at Ben Suc" [02:03:50.19] Jeep backs out of Chinook helicopter [02:04:13.04] "Ben Suc villagers leaving" [02:04:32.14] Soldiers running, kneeling down [02:05:01.17] Soldiers walking on path, running [02:05:21.28] "M-60 MG and M-14 rifles" [02:05:37.07] "Villagers assembled for relocation" [02:06:14.13] Military camp [02:06:22.01] "Suspected VC" [02:06:36.04] aerial view of smoking terrain [02:06:59.27] helicopters flying in formation, smoking terrain [02:07:27.13] aerial shot of ground, helicopter flying, group -
Vietnam War: Saigon Evacuation After Action Report
Vietnam War: Saigon Evacuation After Action Report Summary of the evacuation of Saigon, South Vietnam under Operation Frequent Wind: Operations Analysis Group, report no. 2-75. (16 May 1975) BACM RESEARCH WWW.PAPERLESSARCHIVES.COM About BACM Research – PaperlessArchives.com BACM Research/PaperlessArchives.com publishes documentary historical research collections. Materials cover Presidencies, Historical Figures, Historical Events, Celebrities, Organized Crime, Politics, Military Operations, Famous Crimes, Intelligence Gathering, Espionage, Civil Rights, World War I, World War II, Korean War, Vietnam War, and more. Source material from Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), National Security Agency (NSA), Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA), Secret Service, National Security Council, Department of Defense, Joint Chiefs of Staff, Department of Justice, National Archive Records and Administration, and Presidential Libraries. http://www.paperlessarchives.com Vietnam War: Saigon Evacuation After Action Report Summary of the evacuation of Saigon, South Vietnam under Operation Frequent Wind: Operations Analysis Group, report no. 2-75. On 29 April 1975, Operation Frequent Wind was executed, and 1373 American citizens, 5595 Vietnamese and Third Country Nationals were successfully evacuated by helicopter from the American Embassy Saigon and the DAO compound. Status of events, planning, activation, evacuation operations, lessons learned, and after-action reports regarding Operation Frequent Wind are all covered in this document. Also include several National Security Agency helicopter pilot radio transmissions during the Saigon evacuation transcript sheets. This 16 May 1975 report was declassified on 31 December 1985. .,. U"CLAS~I~ltU ' . SBHFfHENT'~l HEADQUARTERS OF . THE COMMANDER IN CHIEF· PACIFIC OPERATIONS ANALYSIS GROUP FPO SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA 96610 OPERATIONS, ANALYSIS. GROUP REPORT NO. -
US Involvement in the Vietnam War, 1954-75 Key Terms/Concepts
US involvement in the Vietnam War, 1954-75 Key terms/concepts Key Events Colony A place controlled by another country, politically and economically 1954 Defeat at Dien Bien Phu leads to French Communist A communist government owns all the businesses and land in the country it controls. Everyone works withdrawal for the government. In return, the government provides everyone in the country with everything they need. 1956 Ndo Dinh Diem refuses to hold elections Dien Bien Phu A place in North Vietnam where the Vietnminh beat the French in battle 1961 President Kennedy increases US ARVN Army of the Republic of Vietnam - South Vietnamese army involvement in Vietnam Vietcong/NVA North Vietnamese Army 1963 Quang Duc, a Buddhist monk, sets fire to Accord A formal agreement himself in Saigon DMZ (demilitarised An area where all military activity is forbidden 1964 Gulf of Tonkin zone) Domino theory The fear that once one country falls to communism, others will follow 1964 Operation Rolling Thunder launched Limited war A war where a country supports a side in a conflict by, for example, sending them supplies and 1968 Battle for Khe Sanh and Teto Offensive training their troops, but not by sending any of their own troops to fight Referendum A countrywide vote on a single issue 1968 My Lai massacre Ho Chi Minh Trail The trail used by the Vietcong that runs through Laos and Cambodia from North Vietnam to South 1968 President Johnson decides not to run for a Vietnam. It was used to send supplies and support. second term and Nixon becomes President Guerrillas -
The Pentagon Papers: Secrets of the Vietnam War Adriana Kelly Junior
The Pentagon Papers: Secrets of The Vietnam War Adriana Kelly Junior Division Paper 1,890 Words 1 The Pentagon Papers are a series of classified government documents leaked by Daniel Ellsberg in 1971. These papers revealed the lies that both the public and Congress were told about the involvement of the United States in the Vietnam War, and were essential to the withdrawal from the war. Daniel Ellsberg inspired many other whistleblowers to come forward and break the barriers between the public and the government. The involvement of the United States in Vietnam reaches all the way back to 1946. Vietnam was previously a French colony, but during WWII Japan overthrew the French and gave Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia freedom. When WWII ended in 1945, Japan was removed from the area and Vietnam needed new leadership. Ho Chi Minh, a Vietnamese nationalist with Marxist ideas 1, led a group called the Viet Minh to fight for Vietnamese independence against the French, who were trying to reclaim Vietnam. The United States had to pick a side in this war, which is usually referred to as the First Indochina War. On one hand, the United States wanted to support independence and free Vietnam from French rule. But on the other hand, if Vietnam was independent it would be communist which could trigger something called the domino theory. The domino theory states that if one political event in a country, surrounding countries will follow with similar events. Politicians in America were afraid if Vietnam became communist, surrounding countries like Laos, Cambodia, and Thailand would follow. -
MISSISSIPPI LEGISLATURE REGULAR SESSION 2014 By
MISSISSIPPI LEGISLATURE REGULAR SESSION 2014 By: Representatives Jennings, Alday, Bain, To: Rules Baker, Beckett, Bell, Bennett, Bounds, Boyd, Brown (66th), Byrd, Calhoun, Carpenter, Chism, Clark, Currie, DeBar, Denny, Dixon, Evans (43rd), Evans (91st), Formby, Gibbs, Gipson, Guice, Hamilton, Haney, Hood, Horne, Howell, Kinkade, Ladner, Martinson, Massengill, Mayo, Middleton, Miles, Moore, Oberhousen, Pigott, Powell, Rogers (14th), Rogers (61st), Rushing, Shirley, Shows, Smith (39th), Staples, Steverson, Straughter, Sullivan, Taylor, Thomas, Turner, Watson, Weathersby, Willis, Zuber HOUSE RESOLUTION NO. 53 1 A RESOLUTION COMMEMORATING THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE 2 VIETNAM WAR. 3 WHEREAS, it is the custom of this Legislative Body to honor 4 those who served in the American Armed Forces during wartime and 5 strengthen our shared commitment to the exercise of freedom, and 6 therefore the Mississippi House of Representatives commemorates 7 the 50th Anniversary of the Vietnam War; and 8 WHEREAS, Mississippi House of Representatives members Mac 9 Huddleston (United States Army Captain - 1966-67), Manly Barton 10 (United States Army Specialist 5 - 1969-70), Thomas G. Taylor 11 (United States Army Specialist 5 - 1968-69), Representative Rufus 12 Straughter's brother, Robert Laurence Straughter (United States 13 Army First Sergeant) and Representative Wanda Jennings' husband 14 Terry Jennings (United States Air Force Captain) each bravely and 15 patriotically served in Vietnam; and 16 WHEREAS, in the late 1950s, the United States began sending -
Warfare in a Fragile World: Military Impact on the Human Environment
Recent Slprt•• books World Armaments and Disarmament: SIPRI Yearbook 1979 World Armaments and Disarmament: SIPRI Yearbooks 1968-1979, Cumulative Index Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Weapon Proliferation Other related •• 8lprt books Ecological Consequences of the Second Ihdochina War Weapons of Mass Destruction and the Environment Publish~d on behalf of SIPRI by Taylor & Francis Ltd 10-14 Macklin Street London WC2B 5NF Distributed in the USA by Crane, Russak & Company Inc 3 East 44th Street New York NY 10017 USA and in Scandinavia by Almqvist & WikseH International PO Box 62 S-101 20 Stockholm Sweden For a complete list of SIPRI publications write to SIPRI Sveavagen 166 , S-113 46 Stockholm Sweden Stoekholol International Peace Research Institute Warfare in a Fragile World Military Impact onthe Human Environment Stockholm International Peace Research Institute SIPRI is an independent institute for research into problems of peace and conflict, especially those of disarmament and arms regulation. It was established in 1966 to commemorate Sweden's 150 years of unbroken peace. The Institute is financed by the Swedish Parliament. The staff, the Governing Board and the Scientific Council are international. As a consultative body, the Scientific Council is not responsible for the views expressed in the publications of the Institute. Governing Board Dr Rolf Bjornerstedt, Chairman (Sweden) Professor Robert Neild, Vice-Chairman (United Kingdom) Mr Tim Greve (Norway) Academician Ivan M£ilek (Czechoslovakia) Professor Leo Mates (Yugoslavia) Professor