Greek and Roman Lit

There are a few things I would like you freshmen to know. One is that you only have to know the italicized stuff. The rest is for your own time and is partially for my own benefit. Also, if you have some time I would read the plot summaries for the major works. I have summarized them pretty well, but it can’t hurt to read something directly from the source (Wikipedia/Sparknotes)WIKIPEDIA AND SPARKNOTES ARE NOT DIRECTLY FROM THE SOURCE!!. And don’t worry if you think you can’t pass the quiz. Just make a quizlet and study every night.

Greek Aristophanes ­He is a proponent of the Old Comedy ­The Father of Satire ­He is often contrasted with Menander, a proponent of the New Comedy ­He often attacked Cleon, an Athenian statesman ­Lysistrata ­The play opens with Lysistrata and the representative of women, Calonice ­They are also supported by Lampito, the Spartan ­Together, the three swear to withhold sex to get the men to stop fighting ­At this point in time, the Peloponnesian War is going on ­They decide that swearing over a shield would be inappropriate ­So they swear an oath over a bowl of wine to withhold sex ­They even swear to not use The Lioness on The Cheese Grater ­Then the women also revolt, seizing the Acropolis and its treasury ­Old men appear, intent on burning down the door to the Acropolis ­However, a group of old women appears and douses them with water ­Then a group of Scythian archers tries to get the door open ­They are overwhelmed by a group of women ­Lysistrata then decides to reason with the magistrate ­She compares ideal government policies to wool ­After he does not listen to her, she dresses him like he’s dead and tells him he’s dead ­She goes back to the Acropolis, where the women are getting desperate for sex ­One of them deserts under the pretext “she needs to air out her fabrics” ­But Lysistrata rallies them and they continue to wait in the Acropolis ­Then a man appears; it is Kinesias, who is desperate for sex with his wife Myrrhine ­Myrrhine agrees if he agrees to end the Peloponnesian War ­He agrees, but he is obviously lying, so Myrrhine taunts him some more ­She goes off stage again and again, fetching things like a bed, pillow, perfume, oil, etc. ­Then two more men appear, a Spartan herald and the Magistrate ­They are both sporting massive erections, and they decide to agree to peace ­To make the negotiations go quickly, Lysistrata introduces them to Reconciliation ­Sometimes Reconciliation is also called Peace ­She is a gorgeous woman, and she is naked ­With her there, the peace talks go quickly and everyone celebrates ­The Frogs ­Dionysus travels to Hades to bring back Euripides from the dead ­He brings along his slave Xanthias ­Dionysus shows up at Heracles door wearing a lion skin and holding a club ­Heracles tells Dionysus he can hang himself, drink poison, or jump off a tower ­Dionysus opts to go across a lake to get to Hades ­As Dionysus is going across the lake, the frogs sing Brekekekex koax koax ­Xanthias had to walk around instead of taking the ferry ­When he got to the other side Xanthias claimed to have seen the monster Empusa ­Aeacus mistakes Dionysus for Heracles ­Aecus is still angry over Heracles theft of Cerberus, so he tries to attack Dionysus ­Frightened, Dionysus trades clothes with Xanthias ­However, a maid invites Heracles (Xanthias) to dance with virgin dancing girls ­So Dionysus changes back ­But then, Dionysus sees more Heracles­haters and trades back with Xanthias again ­Then both Xanthias and Dionysus are whipped after Aeacus finds out who they are ­The next scene sees Dionysus judge Euripides, who had challenged Aeschylus ­They are both competing for “Best Tragic Poet” ­Aeschylus will interrupt Euripides with the phrase “lost his little flask of oil” ­Finally Dionysus judges on whose lines literally have the most weight ­Aeschylus wins that, but Dionysus decides to revive the one who offers the best advice ­Aeschylus wins that also, and he is revived to help save Athens ­As Aeschylus leaves, he declares that Sophocles, not Euripides, should have his seat ­The Clouds ­The Clouds make up the chorus ­They complain about the failure of the play to the audience ­Strepsiades enrolls his son Pheidippides at the Thinkery of Socrates ­Strepsiades has a problem wasting money on horse races ­Right Logic loses a debate to Wrong Logic ­Socrates appears in a hot air balloon ­The Birds ­Is about the construction of Cloudcuckooland ­ Pisthertaerus ­Goodhope and Makedo ­A king named Tereus gets turned into a Hoopoe ­After this, he goes by the name Epops ­Melos Island ­The Knights ­Agoracritus, a sausage seller, fights with Cleon to win the approval of Demos ­Demos means “the people” in Greek ­Peace ­It was staged just a few days before the Peace of Nicias ­Peace is the title character ­War imprisoned her in a deep pit covered with stones ­Trygaeus flies a dung beetle up to Olympus to free Peace ­The Wasps ­Procleon and Anti­Cleon ­Procleon challenges three crabs to a dance­off ­The Acharnians ­Dikaiopolis obtains a private peace with Sparta ­The Acharnians are charcoal burners ­Ecclesiazusae (The Assemblywomen) ­Praxagora is the leader of the group of women ­Thesmophoriazusae (The Women Celebrating the Thesmophoria) ­The women plot to kill Euripides at the festival of Thesmophoria ­The Frying­Pan Men ­The Babylonians ­The Storks ­Wealth ­Merchant Ships

Aeschylus ­The Father of Tragedy ­The Oresteia ­ fourth play entitled Proteus that didn't survive ­Agamemnon ­Agamemnon, King of Argos, is currently coming home from the Trojan War ­His wife, Clytemnestra, is planning his murder for two reasons ­One is because he had sacrificed Iphigenia for success at Troy ­Two is because she had started an affair with Aegisthus ­She waits for him, using mountain signals to tell when he returns ­When he does, she tries to get him to step on a purple rug, signaling hubris ­After he does, she kills him in his bath ­Cassandra ­Herald Talthybius The Libation Bearers ­Orestes and Pylades, son of the king of Phocis, go to Agamemnon’s grave ­Orestes place two locks of hair on the grave ­Electra appears, and Orestes and Pylades hide ­Electra pays libations to the grave by request of Clytemnestra ­This is because Clytemnestra had a dream of a snake breastfeeding from her ­The snake draws both blood and milk, which she perceives as wrath of the gods ­After the libations are over, Orestes comes out and convinces Electra who he is ­Electra and Orestes then decide to kill Clytemnestra and Aegisthus ­Orestes and Pylades travel to Argos posing as travelers from Phocis ­The convince Clytemnestra Orestes is dead ­The servant Clissa brings Aegisthus without his guard ­Orestes then reveals himself and kills Aegisthus ­Clytemnestra reveals her breasts before Orestes kills her The Eumenides ­It is said that a woman died of a miscarriage when seeing the Furies of this play ­Orestes is tormented by the Erinyes (Furies) ­They are avenging his crimes of matricide and patricide ­Orestes tries to take solace in Apollo’s temple at Delphi ­However, the Furies still torment him ­So Apollo sends him to Athens, making the Furies drowsy slowing them ­The ghost of Clytemnestra appears to the sleepy Furies, urging them to pursue ­They hum together and wake up and smell the blood of Clytemnestra on Orestes ­This is how they track him, eventually seeing individual droplets of blood ­As they surround him, Athena intervenes ­She calls 11 other Athenians together to try Orestes at the Aeropagus ­Apollo acts as counsel to Orestes ­The Furies act as advocate for the dead Clytemnestra ­Apollo says that man is more important than women, making Orestes crime okay ­He does this by saying Athena was born of Zeus without a mother ­The jury takes a vote, and it ends in a tie ­As previously determined, the tie gets Orestes acquitted ­The Furies accept this verdict and are then called Kindly Ones The Persians ­Takes place in Susa, Iran, which at the time was a Persian capital ­The Queen Mother Atossa awaits news of Xerxes conquests ­She learns of his defeat and subsequent fleeing at Salamis ­She then summons the ghost of Darius ­He condemns Xerxes hubris, especially for building a bridge across the Hellespont ­He also prophecies a Persian defeat at Plataea ­Prometheus Bound ­Prometheus defies Zeus by stealing fire for humanity ­For this, he is chained to a rock by Kratos (Strength), Bia (Force), and Hephaestus ­Prometheus is visited by Io, one of Zeus’s flings ­She had been turned into a cow and chased by a gadfly sent from Hera ­Prometheus tells Io that her troubles will end in Egypt ­He says this is where she will have a son Epaphus ­One of his, and therefore hers, descendants (unnamed Heracles) will eventually free him ­Zeus demands Prometheus tell him who will overthrow him ­Prometheus refuses, causing Zeus to hit him with lightning sending him into the abyss ­The Seven Against Thebes ­Eteocles and Polynices are the sons of Oedipus ­Oedipus had cursed them to divide the kingdom by the sword ­After Oedipus leaves Thebes, they agree to alternate ruling every year ­However, Eteocles does not step down after a year ­So Polynices raises an army, led by the Seven Argive Captains, to take Thebes ­The seven captains are the title seven against Thebes ­The attackers are repelled from Thebes, but Eteocles and Polynices kill each other ­They do this in single combat, fulfilling Oedipus’s curse ­The Suppliants ­Don’t buzz on this unless you can keep this one and the Euripides one ­To solve that problem, here is the summary and some clues ­The Danaids (daughter of Danaus) are both the chorus and the protagonists ­They flee a forced marriage to their Egyptian cousins ­They beseech king Pelasgus to protect them ­He makes sure the Argives of Argos are okay with it, which they are ­He does, letting them stay protected within the walls of Argos

Euripides ­Medea ­Is set in Corinth ­The king is Creon, but not the one from Thebes ­Jason had been Medea’s wife, but he left her for Glauce ­So Medea decides to kill Glauce, Jason, Creon and Jason’s children ­She gives Glauce poison robes, killing her ­Creon tries to save Glauce, but he dies from the poison while doing this ­She then kills Jason’s children, both by Glauce and by herself ­She then escapes on Helios’s chariot Electra ­Is pretty much just The Libation Bearers from Electra’s point of view Alcestis ­Admetus's wife, Alcestis, dies ­Heracles arrives and he gets drunk, not knowing that Alcestis has died ­Embarrassed, he decides to fight death to get Alcestis back ­He does this and wins against death, returning Alcestis from the dead Bacchae ­King Pentheus banned worship of Dionysus in Thebes ­Dionysus, angry with this, dresses him as a woman ­Then, the Bacchants tear him apart with their bare hands Rhesus ­Is about the title king of Thrace dying during the Trojan War ­Odysseus and Diomedes kill Dolon, who is posing as a wolf Ion ­Ion is the son of Creusa by Apollo ­He goes on to found the Ionian race ­Xuthus is the actual husband of Creusa Phoenician Women ­Is a version of The Seven Against Thebes ­However, it more focuses on Jocasta and Antigone Andromache ­It concerns Andromache’s life as Neoptelomus’s slave Cyclops ­Is the only complete surviving satyr play The Trojan Women ­This play concerns the women of Troy after Troy has fallen ­Cassandra becomes Agamemnon’s concubine ­Polyxena is killed as a sacrifice ­Helen was supposed to be put to death, but Menelaus eventually revokes that sentence ­Andromache becomes the concubine of Neoptolemus ­And Astyanax, baby grandson of Hecuba is to be killed The Suppliants ­Takes place after The Seven Against Thebes ­After those events, Creon takes power and declares the dead are not to be buried ­Theseus and the Athenians invade Thebes to bury the dead ­Heracleidae ­Concerns the children of Heracles, the Heracleidae ­They seek protection from Copreus and Eurystheus ­Demophon and Iolaus help them ­Orestes ­Takes place after Euripides’ play Electra ­Pylades, Orestes, and Electra capture Hermione because of Menelaus’s betrayal ­Iphigenia in Tauris ­Helen ­Iphigenia at Aulis ­Hecuba ­Hippolytus ­Creusa ­Xuthus ­Hippolytus

Sophocles ­Added a third actor to his plays ­Fragmentary play The Tracking Satyrs ­The Theban Plays: Oedipus Rex, Oedipus at Colonus, Antigone ­Oedipus Rex ­Oedipus is the son of Laius, who had raped Chrysippus ­This cast a curse over Laius and his descendants ­Jocasta is Oedipus’s mother ­Laius learns Oedipus will king him ­So he has Oedipus’s feet bound, and he leaves him on Mt. Cithaeron ­Oedipus means “swollen feet” ­Oedipus is raised in Corinth by Polybus and Merope ­However, Oedipus learns he will kill his father and mate with his mother ­Believing his parents really are Polybus and Merope, he leaves Corinth ­On the way to Thebes, Oedipus kills Laius, but he doesn’t know its Laius ­He kills Laius and his servants at Phocis crossroads ­He then solves the riddle of the Sphinx ­For this, he is allowed to marry Jocasta, queen of Thebes ­There is a plague surrounding Thebes ­Oedipus asks Creon to ask the oracle about the plague ­The plague is a result of Laius’s murderer never being caught ­Oedipus summons Tiresias to ask about the murderer of Laius ­Tiresias refuses to talk about it ­It later comes to light that Oedipus killed Laius, his true father ­This makes the earlier prophecies true ­Oedipus, furious and ashamed, plunges pins into his eyes ­He becomes blind and is exiled Oedipus at Colonus ­Oedipus and Antigone (Oedipus’s daughter) arrive at Colonus ­Oedipus sits on a stone, and a villager demands the two leave ­This is because the ground they are on is sacred to the Furies ­Then Ismene (also daughter of Oedipus) arrives ­She tells Oedipus that his burial will determine the outcome of Thebes war ­Theseus comes and makes Oedipus a citizen of Athens ­The Creon comes to try and kill Oedipus so he can bury him outside Thebes ­However, Theseus drives him away ­Oedipus then interprets a thunderstorm as a sign of his death ­So he goes away to die ­The play ends with the news of Oedipus’s death an Antigone leaving for Thebes Antigone ­ has come up more and more often ­The play begins with the end result of The Seven Against Thebes ­Polynices and Eteocles have just killed each other ­Creon is now the king of Thebes ­He declares Eteocles shall be a hero and Polynices shall be in public shame ­He also says that Eteocles shall have proper burial rights ­However, Polynices shall be left outside without a burial; food for worms ­Antigone decides to defy Creon and bury Polynices anyway ­Creon orders both Antigone and Ismene both be temporarily imprisoned ­He then orders Antigone to be buried alive in a cave ­He summons Tiresias, who says Creon must let Antigone go and bury Polynices ­Tiresias says if he does not do this, he will lose one of his sons ­Creon eventually budges and agrees ­However, he is too late ­Both Antigone and his son Haemon have killed themselves ­Also, his wife Eurydice has killed herself The Women of Trachis ­Centers around Deianeira, the wife of Heracles ­She sends Hyllus to find Heracles when he is off on some adventure ­She finds out Heracles attacked a city to take the younger Iole as his lover ­She sends him a robe with the blood of Nessus, a centaur, on it ­She thinks the blood is a love potion ­But it actually boils Heracles alive ­Deianeira kills herself and Heracles is burned alive to end his suffering ­Ajax ­Ajax does loses the armor of Achilles to Odysseus ­So he slaughters sheep that Athena made him believe was Odysseus and Agamemnon ­Ashamed that he got tricked, he kills himself, falling on his sword ­Philoctetes ­Philoctetes was the only one man enough to light Heracles’ funeral pyre ­For this, Heracles gave him his bow ­Philoctetes sailed with Odysseus to Troy ­However, along the way Philoctetes walks on Chryse, a sacred ground ­For this, he is bitten by a snake; his wound becomes very painful and smelly ­So Odysseus leaves him on Lemnos ­Odysseus later learns the Greeks need Philoctetes and Heracles bow to beat Troy ­So they go back and get him ­After killing many Trojans, Philoctetes’ foot wound heals ­Philoctetes is also the guy that eventually shoots Paris with an arrow, killing him ­Electra ­Again, it is the same thing as The Libation Bearers ­Go Libation Bearers if it is asking for the work with this plot ­Go Sophocles if it is early ­And go Euripides if it is a bit later

Homer ­You have to understand something about Homer ­Most of his stuff is apocryphal and incomplete, so there is little information on him ­However, there is a good deal on the Iliad and Odyssey, which is complete ­Iliad ­The Greeks and Trojans are fighting over Helen ­Priam leads the Trojans, and Agamemnon the Greeks ­Paris picked Venus as the most beautiful goddess and was given Helen as prize ­The book starts with a plague in the Greek camp ­Achilles refuses to fight because he and Agamemnon are fighting over Briseis ­He fights again when his friend Patroclus is killed ­Achilles kills Hector and Drags his body around Troy ­Hermes helps Priam get behind enemy lines to help ransom Hector's body ­Odyssey ­This is about Odysseus’ journey home to Ithaca after the Trojan War ­His son is Telemachus and his wife is Penelope ­He blinds the cyclops Polyphemus ­Odysseus stays at Calypso’s island ­Penelope has had many suitors while Odysseus is gone ­She says she will marry whoever can string Odysseus’ bow and shoot it through 12 rings ­Odysseus shows up at his house disguised as a beggar ­He is the only one who can shoot the bow ­He and his son Telemachus then kill all the suitors ­He proves to Penelope that he is really Odysseus by describing his bed ­Batrachomyomachia (The Battle of Frogs and Mice) ­ actually important ­Is a mock epic that concerns a one­day war between mice and frogs ­The frogs survive because Zeus sends armored crabs ­Little Iliad ­Nostoi ­Cypria ­Epigoni ­Margites ­Capture of Oechalia ­Phocais ­Homeric Hymns

Kazantzakis ­He's not ancient Greek, but he is Greek and he is still important ­He is from Crete ­Zorba the Greek ­Madame Hortence ­Opens in a café in Piraeus ­The narrator just learned one of his friends in going to the Caucasus ­Three important characters ­The narrator ­Starts the novel by opening a Cretan lignite mine ­He will eventually employ Zorba ­He spends a night with The Widow ­This causes her suitor, Pavli, to drown himself ­And then, she is stoned and decapitated by an angry funeral procession ­The narrator compares his "internal no" and "the void" with the Buddha ­Given a gift of Christmas cookies and Rosewater ­Alexis Zorba ­Is about sixty and seeks employment at the narrator’s mine ­He works very hard and very long ­He is skilled at the santuri, or cimbalom ­He will use this to seduce Madame Hortense, whom he later marries ­He also uses it to convince monks to let him use their timber ­Madame Hortense ­Zorba calls her Bouboulina ­She was formerly a courtesan before owning a hotel ­She will marry Zorba ­The Last Temptation of Christ ­Is told as the life of Christ from his perspective ­In it, a black angel descends to talk to Christ before he dies on the cross ­Christ has the option to save himself from the cross and live a life with Mary Magdalene ­As you can guess, Christians got pretty pissed at it ­Judas ends up calling Jesus a traitor ­Freedom and Death ­Also called Captain Michaelis, who is the main character ­Freedom and Death refers to the Cretan motto during the Greek War for Independence ­Nuri Bey is an important character; he is the blood brother of Michaelis ­Michaelis convinces Hadji to drink alcohol ­He also gets angry when Captain Polyxigis has an affair with Nuri’s wife, Emine ­The Odyssey: A Modern Sequel ­Takes place after the events of the Odyssey ­Odysseus first travels to Sparta to save Helen from Menelaus ­Then he travels to Egypt to spread his religion ­He meets three people ­Motherth, an incarnation of Buddha ­Kapetán Énas (Captain Sole or Captain One) going by the name Don Quixote ­And and African fisherman going by Jesus ­He eventually travels to Antarctica, where an iceberg kills him ­The Saviors of God: Spiritual Exercises ­It is a series of spiritual exercises (duh) ­The Greek Passion ­Concerns a Greek villages attempts to stage a Passion Play ­Takes place in Lycovrisi (Wolf­spring) ­Manolios is cast as Christ ­Yannakkos is cast as the apostle Peter

Pindar ­Four books of Epinikia or Victory Odes ­These were used for the Olympic Games ­Pythian Odes ­One of these odes was dedicated to Hippocleas

Menander ­Proponent of New Comedy ­Dyskolos (The Grouch or Old Cantankerous) ­Sostratos ­Aspis (The Shield) ­Perikeiromene (Girl Who Has Her Hair Cropped) ­Samia (Girl from Samos)

Sappho ­If Not, Winter, by Anne Carson is a translation of much of her poetry ­Referred to as the tenth muse ­Lived on Lesbos with other women, which is why we have the word lesbian ­Hymn to Aphrodite ­Addressed to a "deathless child of Zeus" ­Ends with line "Give me, O Queen! my desires! ­Ode to Anactoria ­Sappho's 31st poem ­Catullus takes it and makes it his 51st poem ­Begins "He appears to me, that one, equal to the gods." ­Tonight I've Watched

Roman

Horace ­Maecenas gave him a "Sabine Farm" where he lived ­Satires ­Wrote one where a he meets a boring poet on the Sacred Way ­This poet eventually gets dragged away to prison ­Odes ­I.11 ­Ends with Carpe Diem (Seize the Day) ­"Put as little trust in tomorrow as possible" ­III.2 ­Dulce et decorum est pro patria mori ­Translated as "It is sweet and honorable to die for one's country" ­III.13 ­It is a description of the Bandusian Fountain ­IV.9 ­Brave men lived before Agamemnon ­Carmen Saeculare (Secular Hymn or Song of the Ages) ­He commissioned 27 boys and 27 girls to sing it ­Ars Poetica (The Art of Poetry) ­Also known as the Letter (Epistle) to the Pisones ­In Media Res (Into the middle of things) ­Bonus Dormitat Homerus (Even good Homer nods) ­Ut Pictura Poesis (As is painting so is poetry) ­Ab Ovo (From the beginning) ­Epodes

Ovid ­Wrote largely in elegaic couplets ­Metamorphoses (Transformations) ­This is a summary of Roman Mythology ­It focuses on magical transformations ­Is written in fifteen books ­Apollo and Daphne, ­Apollo is pursuing Daphne, a naiad nymph ­Instead of being overtaken by Apollo, she turned into a laurel tree ­Pyramus and Thisbe ­Read the wikipedia page ­Explains why mulberries are red/purple ­Daedalus and Icarus ­Read the wikipedia page ­Is where we get the expression "don't fly too close to the sun" ­Baucis and Philemon ­Read the wikipedia page ­They are hospitable to a disguised Jupiter and Mercury ­Ars Amatoria (The Art of Love) ­Is a handbook for seduction for both men and women ­Satirically describes the best way to commit adultery ­Some people believe Augustus banished Ovid for this work ­Amores (The Loves) ­Focuses on his relationship with a mistress called Corinna ­Fasti (The Festivals) ­Follows the Roman calendar and describes its festivals ­Ibis (The Ibis) ­Is a curse poem aimed at an enemy he calls the "Ibis" ­Cites Callimachus as his inspiration ­Heroides (The Heroines) ­It is a collection of letters from mythological women to their lovers ­Tristia (Sorrows) ­Written during his exile from Rome in Tomis ­He was banished by Augustus, possibly for writing Ars Amatoria ­He claims he was banished for a "Carmen et error" (Carmen and an error) ­Epistulae ex Ponto (Letters from the Black Sea) ­Also written in and describes his exile in Tomis ­The letters are addressed to his friends in Rome ­He asks them to speak to the imperial family on his behalf ­Remedia Amoris (The Cure for Love) ­Proposes a cure for the love Ovid talks about in Ars Amatoria ­Criticizes suicide as an escape from love ­Uses good amounts of medical imagery ­Medicamina Faciei Femineae (Women's Facial Cosmetics)

Virgil ­Aeneid ­It is important to note that the Latins are also called the Rutulians ­Book One ­Aeneas flees troy with his son Ascanius and his father Anchises ­However, he leaves his wife Creusa behind ­Aeolus, at the request of Juno, releases winds on Aeneas’s fleet ­Book Two ­Recounts the story of the Trojan Horse ­Sinon convinces the Trojans to accept the horse ­Laocoon and his two sons are devoured by serpents ­Book Three ­Aeneas and his men meet some harpies ­They travel to Crete, but realize they must go to Italy ­Book Four ­Aeneas meets Dido, Queen of Carthage in this book ­Aeneas eventually leaves her, causing her to kill herself ­Book Five ­Funeral Games ­Book Six ­Aeneas is told by the Cumaean Sibyl to travel to the underworld ­He gets in using to Golden Bough ­He is told by his father about Rome ­Book Seven ­The Trojans go along the Tiber to Latium ­Here, Aeneas meets King Latinus and his daughter Lavinia ­Oracle of Faunus tells Latinus to have Lavinia marry a foreigner ­Aeneas eats off of tables made of bread ­The fury Allecto drives Queen Amata, wife of Latinus, insane ­When Ascanius kills a stag, the Latins declare war on the Trojans l­Book Eight ­Tiberinus convinces Aeneas to form an alliance with the Arcadians ­Evander is the king of the Arcadians ­Pallas is the son of Evander ­Book Nine ­Cybele makes Aeneas’s ships invincible ­Nisus and Euryalus kill a Latin captain and wear his helmet ­Book Ten ­Tarchon of Tuscany gives Aeneas some ships ­Turnus kills Pallas and takes his belt ­Turnus then leaves chasing a phantom Aeneas ­Mezentius then leads the Latins ­Book Eleven ­Twelve day peace to bury the dead ­Drances blames the war on Turnus ­Camilla, leader of the Volscians, helps the Latins ­But Arruns kills her ­Book Twelve ­Juturna disguises herself as Camers ­Juno finally lets Aeneas win, on one condition ­Aeneas and his men must take on the language of the Latins ­Aeneas then kills Turnus after seeing Pallas’s belt ­Georgics ­Is a work concerning agriculture ­Book four of the Georgics concerns beekeeping ­Eclogues

Catullus ­Poems to his friends ­Erotic Poems ­These poems are addressed to Lesbia, who is actually Clodia Metelli ­Invective Poems ­These are extremely vulgar poems that are addressed to his enemies ­An important one is 16, or Carmen 16 ­It is sometimes considered to be the most vulgar thing ever written ­Condolence Poems ­Catullus 101 ­Laments the death of his brother ­Contains phrase "ave atque vale" (Hail and Farewell) ­Adapted Sappho 31 into Catullus 51 ­Catullus 66 is a translation of Callimachus's poem The Lock of Berence ­Wrote a poem on the death of his mistress's sparrow ­He gets pissed at Asinius Marrucinus who steals napkins ­Some important lines from poems that I cannot find the full text for ­Asks for a total of 3,300 kisses ­However, he ask for them in a random amount at a time ­This is because he feels people will get jealous ­In another poem, he says Sirmio is the "Jewel of Peninsulas" ­One poem says, "Let us live and let us love!"

Juvenal ­Satires ­There are three important things about Juvenal's Satires ­"Who Watches the Watchmen?" ­"Bread and Circuses" ­Women will always cheat, even if you lock them up ­If you do lock them up, they will just sleep with the guards

Terence ­Often adapted the plots of Menander ­Was a contemporary of Plautus ­Eunuchus (The Eunuch) ­Thais and Phaedria ­Pamphila the slave girl ­Thraso the soldier ­Parmeno ­Chaerea ­Hecyra (The Mother­in­Law) ­Heauton Timorumenos (The Self­Tormentor) ­Adelphoe (The Brothers) ­Andria (The Girl from Andros) ­Phormio

Plautus ­Was a contemporary of Terence ­Miles Gloriousus (The Swaggering Soldier) ­Pyrgopolynices ­Artotrogus ­Palaestrio ­Pleusicles ­Philocomasium ­Elderly Periplectomenus ­Menaechmi (The Brothers Menaechmus or The Two Menaechmuses) ­Moschus has twin sons, Menaechmus and Sosicles ­Peniculus, a professional parasite ­Erotium, a prostitute ­Rudens ­Mostellaria

Petronius ­Satyricon ­Is considered to be one of the only Roman novels ­It centers on Encolpius ­Its most famous section concerns Trimalchio's feast ­It begins with Encolpius arguing with Agamemnon, a teacher at a literary school ­Giton is the slave and lover of Encolpius ­Ascyltus is the companion of Encolpius and other lover of Giton ­Eumolpus is an old poet ­While on board Lichas' ship, Eumolpus tells the story of The Widow of Ephesus ­The last part of the story takes place in Crotona