A Free eNewspaper for the Psychological The Psychology Times Community Independent Newspaper for Psychology in Louisiana
Vol. 2, No. 12 August 1, 2011 Vol. 2, No. 12
Governor Appoints Psych Bd Cites
Dr. Zimmermann Workman’s Comp Law In June the Times had asked the board, “Does the To Psychology Bd In Reversal Decision board consider a medical Governor Bobby Jindal Responding to a set of psychologist who is not has appointed Dr. Marc questions from the Times, licensed by LSBEP [to be] a Zimmerman, licensed the psychology board "psychologist?" If no, why? clinical psychologist and (LSBEP) noted in a July 29 If yes, why?” In their July 29 medical psychologist, to email to the publisher email the board answered, the Louisiana State that it regards a medical “Yes,” and referenced RS Dr. Chris Wilson 23:1371.1. Dies July 25 Board of Examiners of psychologist to be a Psychologists, ‘psychologist.’ Con’t pg 4
Tulane’s Associate according to a press Professor of release from the LSUHSC, Tulane To Study Oil Spill Effects
Psychology, Dr. C. Governor’s office on Chrisman Wilson July 7. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Con’t pg 3 (NIEHS) announced that it will fund a network of passed away suddenly last researchers, called the Deepwater Horizon Research Monday, July 25. Dr. Tony Young Consortia, to study the effects of the oil spill on
New LSBEP Chair citizens of the Gulf Coast. Con’t pg 5 Dr. Wilson served Tulane, its students, Dr. Tony Young, and the Tulane psychologist and scholarly community Associate Professor for 30 years, coming from Louisiana Tech University in Ruston, is from Texas U. to a position at Tulane in the new Chair for the 1981. His contri- Louisiana State Board of butions to the school Examiners of Psych- and the department ologists. He takes over were significant and for Dr. Joseph Comaty in this role, who long-standing. Con’t pg 4 Con’t pg 3
Beyond “brute survival” Psychoanalytic Psychologists
In a mental health industry driven by lower costs and increasing reliance on pharmacology, psychoanalytically trained psychologists remain steadfast in offering their clients an intimate, personal approach for lasting change, and a process that acknowledges the unique inner journey of the individual.
The Times spoke with psychoanalytically trained psychologists in our community, several on the May 2010, Houma, La.- Crew of a fixed-wing aircraft release faculty of the New Orleans–Birmingham dispersant over oil in Gulf. LSU Health Sciences Center and Tulane Psychoanalytic Center, who have remained U. will help understand physical, psychological, and social impact of committed to the values inherent in the the Deepwater Horizon disaster on citizens of coastal parishes. Coast Guard photo by Stephen Lehmann. psychodynamic process. Con’t pg 6
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Editorial Page
“Who and What Am I?” Psychology could do ourselves and the public a great service by devising a worthy frame. A cognitive frame –Is the important question to ask beyond brute survival, (metaphor) collapses, limits, and directs the listener. It said Dr. Alvin Burstein, psychologist and psychoanalyst creates a readiness and priming effect. It is necessary (see article this issue). for accurate problem-solving, for defining issues and
Psychology could use that advice. The Fort Hood generating solutions. psychiatrist is in the news again and every third reporter We are an intellectually rich, diverse community of calls him a psychologist. To the public there’s little premier social scientists that apply what we know to difference. The word “psychologist” leads the listener to the human condition, and we deserve a worthy frame a person who treats mental illness, and then to the that doesn’t mean psychiatrist. cognitive frame for psychiatrist.
We come by our problems partly because we’re so diverse. We’re scientist-practitioners, scientists, and Psychology Times Turns 2 Contest professors, who according to ASPPB, apply ourselves T he Psychology Times is holding a contest in honor in clinical, counseling, school, forensic, cognitive & of our second birthday. Submit your positive behavioral, clinical health, correctional, academic, industrial-organizational, clinical neuropsychological, comment about the Times and you could win a $100 gift certificate to Amazon or for your favorite charity. rehabilitation, psychoanalysis, and research. And even this list doesn’t include everything or capture our real The best negative comment will win a $20 gift identity. certificate or donation. Top comments will be published in the Times’ anniversary issue with or without the name of the author, as he or she wishes.
The Psychology Times Send your entry to [email protected] P ublished monthly by Nelson N ews, LL C. p sycholog ytimes@ drjuliene lson.com
Publish er: Julie Nelson, Ph.D. M ember, L ouisiana Press As sociation
Jou rnalism Consulta nt: Rober t Holema n Editor (Ret.), The Coushatta Citizen, Winn Parish Enterprise.
Media Consultant/Columnist: Susan Dardard, Ph.D. Dardard Media Services
Columnist/Reporter: Carolyn Weyand, Ph.D.
Cartoo nist: Ja ke Nelso n-Dooley
We welcom e ideas fo r news, f eatures, L etters to the Edito r, photos , and oth er materi al related to psych ological commun ity of Louis iana. Editorials and com mentary reflect th e opinion s of this ne wspaper. Columns and Let ters to the Editor e xpress th e o pinions o f the wri ters and n ot necess arily tho se of The P sycholog y Times.
A ll materia ls copyri ghted by J. Nelson unl ess other wise note d.
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Appointment… Dr. Young… Call For LSBEP Nominations Again in September
Dr. Zimmermann is a completed his five Ms. Gail Lowe, Executive Director of LPA, told the Times resident of Baton years of service in that another call for nominations to the state psychology Rouge and is owner of June. board will go out in September. This will begin another Zimmermann election cycle to fill an opening for 2012, which will be left Psychology Clinic. Dr. Young is the Chester Ellis Endowed as Dr. Tony Young completes the term that he took over He and Dr. Michael Professor in Education for Dr. Glenn Ally, who resigned in 2010, leaving a partial Chafetz were for the Psychology opening. The typical term is for five years. nominated by the Department at Louisiana Louisiana Tech, where Psychological he also manages the Correction Association to fill a Psychological In the July 1 issue of the Times, in the story “MPs vacancy left by Dr. Services Clinic. Qualify To Supervise Without Psychology License,” Dr. Joseph Comaty, who this past June Dr. Lee Matthews, Tony Young was incorrectly identified as a medical completed his five- clinical psychologist psychologist. Dr. Young does not currently hold the MP year term of service. and neuropsychologist credential. The Times previously obtained the from Metairie will information from the board’s website. We are sorry for Dr. Zimmermann serve in the role of any confusion this may have caused. wrote in the election Vice Chair. materials that if appointed, one of his The psychology board is working on a goals for his service would be to “help number of issues of improve the board’s importance to the efficiency and also its community, including effectiveness at a Sunset review in staying clearly within 2012 and con- its mandates.” sideration of new continuing education He explained that he and competency has seen times when requirements. a psychologist has an inappropriate or bogus complaint against them. The process the votes from drags on when it licensees, was not should be handled appointed. quickly and much more effectively to The Governor has the resolve these authority to select any unwarranted claims person from the list against licensees. submitted by the Louisiana Psych-
He wrote, “The board ological Association. is dealing with great turmoil in the Chafetz has served as profession. An even President of Grass- and temperate attitude roots and has been will be needed to outspoken regarding transverse this the independent period.” regulation of psychology and Act Dr. Jesse Lambert (L) and Dr. Marc Zimmermann look over
Dr. Chafetz, who 251. the program at the April LPA Annual Meeting. Dr. received 70 percent of Zimmermann was appointed to the Louisiana Board of Examiners of Psychologists in July.
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Dr. Chris Wilson… Reversal… individual licensed to practice psychology by the Louisiana He served as Chair of the RS 23 is Workman’s Compensation State Board of Examiners of Psychology Department and as law, and in the definitions, 23:1371, Psychologists or licensed to the Director for the School applicable to workman’s practice medical psychology by Psychology Doctoral Program. compensation, item 6 notes, the Louisiana State Board of "Psychologist" shall mean an He distinguished himself in Medical Examiners, or, in the service and leadership. He was event an individual is practicing Chair of the Institutional Review psychology in a jurisdiction Board (Human Subjects analysis, behavior therapy and other than Louisiana, licensed Research), Chair of the social learning in children. He by the appropriate member Academic Integrity Sub- published in the area of child board of the Association of committee, and Chair of the psychology including a book on State and Provincial Senate Committee on Athletics. Psychology Boards to practice behavioral assessment, and He served as interim director of articles in Genetic Psychology and psychology, …” the Center for Education, and Abnormal Child Psychology. on committees for Dean's In an October 2010 decision the Honors Scholar admissions, “Chris was the co-founder of the LSBEP had determined that the Grievance, the Newcomb School Psychology program at psychology licensing law would Childcare Center, Health Tulane and served as the Director prevail in their view, which Professions, and Academic of the program from 1992 – 2004,” specifically defines psychologist: “ ‘Psychologist’ Standing. He was named said Dr. Stacy Overstreet, Tulane Professor and colleague. “Chris left means any person licensed as Distinguished Newcomb Fellow for his devotion to the academic an indelible mark on the program a psychologist under this life of Newcomb College. and the students who completed it,” Chapter.” she said. “We will miss the The medical psychologist His class in Abnormal experienced wisdom, professional licensing law notes, " ‘Medical Psychology was a favorite with perspectives, and sharp wit that psychologist’ or ‘MP’ means a students. “Nearly every Chris brought to our lives.” psychological practitioner…” psychology major over the past 20+ years elected to take Dr. Dan Tingstrom, a former The reversal of Opinion #012 Abnormal Psychology with student of Chris’ is now on the followed the testimony by Dr. Chris,” his family noted in the faculty of USM. He said, “Chris was Marier, the medical board’s Times-Picayune article. “Every always patient and very giving of Executive Director, and Dr. semester, the course enrolled his time and support... I learned a John Bolter. The Times asked 150+ students. Chris continually great deal from Chris both in and for that testimony but the added video and sound bites to out of the classroom.” LSBEP declined, referring back keep the course engaging to “Chris also had a very quick wit and to the sources. each generation. He recently welcomed sense of humor.” developed a new under- Medical psychologists’ practice, graduate course in clinical And, “He was a committed family including supervision of interventions, a sign he man and loved his wife, Gail, and psychological assistants and remained the consummate his son, Evan dearly. In our many psychometricians, and now teacher.” get-togethers over the years he candidates for psychology spoke of them often.” licenses, falls under the Chris earned his Bachelors authority of the medical board, Degree from Western North Dan said, “Chris was my teacher, which has the right to “Establish Carolina University, his masters supervisor, mentor, and ultimately and publish standards of from Radford University, and my friend. I will miss him dearly.” medical psychology practice…” his PhD from the University of South Carolina. Chris is survived by his wife Gail The board’s vote to reverse the Cannon Wilson, PhD and son, Opinion #012 was: Comaty-yea, Chris’ research interests Evan Chrisman Wilson. He was 67. included professional school Courtney- yea, Matthews-yea, Young –yea, Culross-nay. psychology, applied behavioral
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LSUHSC, Tulane To Study …
“The five-year, $25.2 million program will support population- based and laboratory research at Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans; Tulane University, New Orleans; the University of Florida, Gainesville; and The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston,” noted the July 7 press release.
The researchers will study the effects of the oil spill on a variety of physical and psychological variables including reproduction and birth outcomes, mental health, cardio-respiratory system, and resiliency of the Gulf Coast citizens in dealing with disasters. Deepwater Horizon was over a year ago now but the disaster released 5 “A focus will be on the physical and million barrels of oil and the equivalent of 3 million barrels of natural gas. into psychological health of vulnerable the Gulf area. LSUHSC and Tulane will help discover the complex effects, populations,” noted Gwen Colman, including psychological variables, on those in the coastal Gulf South. Ph.D., director of the NIEHS Photo courtesy U.S. Coast Guard Division of Extramural Research and Training, “especially pregnant preparedness and post-event Lafourche, Terrebonne, and St. women, children, fishermen, recovery.” Mary's Parishes. immigrants, and minorities.” The NIEHS group will also study the Edward Trapido, ScD, of Tulane University Maureen potentially harmful effects of LSUHSC will lead the research Lichtveld, MD, MPH will lead the “contaminants in air, water, and team to answer questions about “The Transdisciplinary Research seafood, and assess their “mid- and long-term effects…” Consortium for Gulf Resilience on relationship to health outcomes.” including physical, behavioral, Women’s Health.” She noted in social, and economic,” he noted the announcement that the focus This study is different from the in the NIEHS announcement. of the Consortium will be to study research started earlier this year by the effects of the disaster, “… NIEHS designed to study adverse “… the LSU School of Public combined with the other effects on oil spill clean-up workers Health-New Orleans will launch adversities faced by the area, on and volunteers, called the “GuLF a longitudinal study of women mental health and reproductive Study.” The new study will focus on and children in the affected outcomes among pregnant members of the general public. parishes to look at the effects of women and women of the disaster, …” reproductive age living in affected NIEHS officials noted, “In addition Dr. Stephanie Tortu, Associate parishes in Louisiana.” to sharing data and research results, each of the four institutions Dean for Academic Affairs, and An additional goal will be to will implement a community Professor (Psychology) at “Utilize community-based resilience project, which seeks to LSUHSC told the Times the participatory research and better understand how local group is just getting started but outreach strategies to strengthen populations respond to and recover will be “looking at the effects on community resilience in from disasters. Through their families and children.” vulnerable Gulf Coast partnerships with community-based The group plans to study 4,000 populations.” organizations, researchers will women and 2,000 children in assess how culture, social For more information go to Orleans, St. Bernard, http://www.niehs.nih.gov/about/od networks, and other determinants Plaquemines, Jefferson, may enhance pre-event /programs/gulfspill/
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Psychoanalytic Psychologists… psychodynamic approaches are equal to cognitive behavioral therapies, and that the benefits last In recent years careful outcome research has shown that psychodynamic approaches are on par well after therapy has been completed. with other evidenced-based techniques. Advances These conclusions emerged from Shedler’s review in cognitive psychology, neuroscience, and even of eight meta-analyses focusing on effect size as a evolutionary psychology, support the main tenets measure of change. In one meta-analysis of 1,431 of Freud and other depth psychologies: The patients in psychodynamic therapy the effect size unconscious really exists and is important; inner was .97 (.80 being large) for symptom conflicts cause human suffering; and the defenses improvement. This placed the psychodynamic restrict well-being and creativity. approach on par with cognitive behavioral therapy.
But perhaps even more important was that effect Empirical support size increased by 50 percent on follow-up, nine “There is plenty of empirical support for months later. psychoanalytic technique and psychoanalytic Shedler noted to APA, “Pharmaceutical concepts in the scientific literature…” said Dr. companies and health insurance companies have Denise Newman, New Orleans psychologist and a financial incentive to promote the view that former Tulane professor, who specializes in mental suffering can be reduced to lists of developmental psychopathology, the way normal symptoms, and that treatment means managing development can cause mental health problems. those symptoms and little else. For some specific She looks at the role of personality processes and psychiatric conditions, this makes sense,” he said. identity formation in mental health, especially for “But more often, emotional suffering is woven into cultural and racial minority youth. the fabric of the person’s life and rooted in “As a scientist,” said Newman, “I have no problem relationship patterns, inner contradictions and with psychoanalytic theories guiding my clinical emotional blind spots. This is what psychodynamic treatment of patients. But I came to that therapy is designed to address.” conclusion after a very lengthy course of study Con’t next pg and comparative analysis of different models of the mind and explanations of psychopathology.”
“Most of the current trends, economic pressures, and politics of clinical training and treatment were not supportive of my conclusions,” she explained. “Nonetheless, to my way of thinking, psychoanalytic theory, with all of its various revisions over the last 120 years, most closely respects the intricate contours of the human mind. It most closely observes the multiplicity of subjective experience and the over-determined nature of complex human behavior.”
Dr. Eric Cerwonka, a clinical psychologist practicing in Lafayette, agrees. He pointed to the work of Dr. Jonathan Shedler whose “The Efficacy of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy,” (American Psychologist, Feb-Mar 2010) made a splash in the media, including a review in Psychology Today and an APA press release in January this year.
Cerwonka practices psychodynamic psychotherapy because “I like to see people get better, especially patients that have not benefitted from other types of psychotherapy,” he told the Times. He remarked on Shedler’s finding that The New Orleans–Birmingham Psychoanalytic Center. (Photo courtesy of NOBPC.)
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Indian Adolescents,’ published in Child Development. “I have a special interest,” she said, “in how life transitions stress human adaptive capacities, call us to question who we are, and then how people transform themselves out of that distressed state into a more differentiated self.”
She was recently interviewed for Yahoo Associated Content, “Tips on Overcoming Racial Identity Issues.” She Panel of New Orleans clinicians at the FAR Fund Project community presentation, explained some of the September 2010, “Stetched Thin.” (L to R) Ghislaine Boulanger, PhD, Debby Poitevent, psychological connections LCSW, Elsa Pool, PhD (at that time President of the NOBPC), and Kathryn Nathan, PhD, for overcoming racial grant coordinator of the project. A community outreach effort of the NOBPC, the group identity issues and discussed the personal and professional impact of shared trauma of Katrina and then the encouraged the exploration BP oil spill for therapists and their clients. (Photo courtesy of the NOBPC) of “one's cultural roots and heritage and to express Psychoanalytic… one's sense of identity,” Dr. Alvin Burstein, professor and past through music, dance, Self-Awareness, Creativity & Culture Chair of Psychology at Southeastern poetry, and other artistic Louisiana University, clinical expressions. For many who provide psychoanalysis psychologist, and psychoanalyst, Dr. Carolyn Weyand, clinical the outcomes of reduced anxiety or spoke with the Times about the trend depression are a result of deeper away from personal introspection. psychologist and psychoanalyst from New changes, such as greater emotional congruence or creativity. “It seems to me,” he said, “that as a Orleans, and instructor at society, we increasingly value NOBPS, is also faculty Dr. Randolph Harper, psychologist, external stimulation as opposed to member for the China psychoanalyst, past president of the reflection and introspection. There is American Psychoanalytic New Orleans–Birmingham a related expectation that ‘rewards’ a Alliance. She explained Psychoanalytic Center (NOBPC) and la Skinner should be external rather there are “four faculty instructor said to the Times, than internal. The measure of psychologies” in the personal worth is one’s salary, and "What is most gratifying to me is to be Freudian tradition: Freud’s the dollar obviates the need to able to do personal growth, to meet the Drive Theory, Ego patient where they are, in a personal, cultivate personal values.” Psychology of Anna Freud, intimate way. And when they are Self Psychology of Hans blocked, to help them open up and be Psychoanalysts often consider art, Kohut, and the school of more creative." literature, and personal or cultural Object Relations. symbolism to be important to self- Dr. Harper is also an instructor in awareness. For Dr. Newman, whose “All overlap,” Weyand psychoanalysis, teaching formally and clinical emphasis is with adolescents, noted, “in that they all assert adults, and families, these are also informally since the 70s. “That sort of the presence of a dynamic significant. Her research while at teaching is very exciting and very unconscious, and that we stimulating,” he said about his work at Tulane explored these issues, such have powerfully formative the Center. “You meet really good as, “Ego Development and Ethnic experiences with the people who want to learn and grow.” Identity Formation in Rural American significant people in our
Con’t next pg
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Psychoanalytic… analyst.” Center members strive Nathan and New York colleague, lives.” While the four schools for an organization that promotes Dr. Ghislaine Boulanger, recently participation, mutual respect, and presented at APA Division 39 disagree on which motivations drive fantasy and behavior, she creative involvement for its (Psychoanalysis) regarding the explained that “They all agree on diverse membership, a group that psychodynamic perspective for the function of defense includes psychologists, those in natural disasters. mechanisms; on the observations physicians, social workers, The team has helped produce a that children are psychologically professors, and others, he noted. mini-documentary for wider different from adults in their mental This is working well, he said. distribution and education, that functioning, changing over time.” Following a site visit by the dramatically and beautifully American Psychoanalytic describes the journey of New They also all agree “on the importance of fantasy in Association, the committee Orleans therapists during the city’s psychological process–that internal members said they were “very crisis. The 18-minute documentary, reality trumps external reality every impressed” with the quality of “Shared Trauma- Psychotherapy in time,” she said. membership and the Center’s New Orleans After Hurricane collegiality. “They said they Katrina,” directed by Neil Alford and New Orleans–Birmingham thought that this model produced in conjunction with FAR Psychoanalytic Center represented what would be Fund Project of New York, can be considered ‘best practices’ as a viewed at Drs. Weyand, Newman, Burstein model of organization and http://www.neilalford.com/portfolio/ and Harper are members of the governance,” Harper noted. New Orleans-Birmingham Perspectives Psychoanalytic Center, a regional Dr. Harper himself has an organization for training, education, unusual honor. He was the first Dr. Alvin Burstein, clinical and community outreach. non-physician applicant accepted psychologist, psychoanalyst, to the New Orleans Institute professor, author and poet, serves The NOBPC is the oldest following the 1980s lawsuits that as Board Member at Large, on psychoanalytic training center in opened training to psychologists. Outreach and Continuing Education the southeastern United States, Committee, Clinical Assistance originating as a study group in Outreach and education is Committee, and Ethics Committee 1947. Acknowledged by the inherent in many of the Center’s at NOBPC. American Psychoanalytic programs. Their popular “Film Association in 1949, it became a and Discussion Series” is enjoyed He has been responsible for fully accredited institute in 1961. by mental health professionals university training programs for and local film buffs. The series clinical psychologists at University Dr. Harper, past president and has included reviews of films of the Michigan at Ann Arbor, the faculty instructor, explained that the Grey Gardens (1976), Harold and University of Illinois Center’s purpose is education but Maude (1971), and Pan’s Neuropsychiatric Institute in also to apply its principles to the Labyrinth (2006). The Chicago, the University of Texas human condition. From the bylaws, psychological and cultural Health Science Center at San he noted one of their goals, “…to significant of characters and story Antonio and the University of develop a community of analysts, lines are explored using Tennessee, Knoxville. He has analytically informed clinicians, psychoanalytic themes. served as Chair of Psychology at scholars, artists and lay people who Southeastern Louisiana University share an interest in psychoanalysis Another community outreach in Hammond. and the application of a project is the FAR Fund Project, headed up by psychologist, “I got my doctoral training in the psychoanalytic point of view to the psychoanalyst, and Board years before full time fee for service human condition.” Member at Large, Dr. Kathryn careers for clinical psychologists Harper explained, “…We created Nathan. The project offers were common,” he told the Times. only one class of membership, not education, support and help to “Indeed, my psychoanalytic different classes of membership if local mental health professional practice has always been combined one is an analyst or a clinician, following the challenges of with an academic career”. scholar or lay person who is not an Katrina and other disasters. Con’t next pg
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Psychoanalytic…
Burstein served on the APA Committee on Accreditation for many years, and also as member and chair of the APA Board of Education and Training. “So,” he explained, “I am very sensitized to the connections between the university and the professions, as well as to interrelations among the professions.”
“Under financial pressures at the state and national levels,” he said, “universities are becoming much more pressed to justify their activities on the basis of subsequent employment and there has been a simultaneous skepticism about the importance of a general education, one not focused on a particular career Neil Alford directing the 18-minute documentary, “Shared Trauma- path.” Psychotherapy in New Orleans After Hurricane Katrina,” at the Center,
In the 60s and 70s, clinical and produced in conjunction with FAR Fund Project and the NOBPC. It can counseling psychology flourished, be viewed at http://www.neilalford.com/portfolio/ (Photo courtesy of NOBPC.) he explained, because the National Institute of Mental Health and the Veteran’s Administration Psychoanalysis as a general theory of a hopefully unquenchable began to provide support. “Those of the mind and a way of interest in human nature.” same years were the salad days understanding human nature and for psychoanalysis,” he said, as professional practice depends “That includes the question, Dr. Burstein said, of ‘Who and what “when department of Psychiatry upon it being seen as relevant by chairs were likely to be the intelligentsia, the educated am I?’ There is no more psychoanalysts and psychiatric classes.” important question beyond that careers focused on of brute survival.” psychotherapy.” “… we need analysts and analysands,” he explained. Interviews by Leda Neale “Much has changed since that “Analysts will only emerge from the and J. Nelson time,” he said. “External support educated classes, and analysands for clinical and counseling will only emerge in a society in psychology has dried up. which depth psychology is seen as Psychiatric practice, and valuable.” Bd Suggests Psychologists research, has become much Monitor Internet Info more biochemically oriented. “The humanities– literature, history, Psychoanalysis, or more art, etc.– are important and are so The LSBEP posted an alert generally, depth psychology, is named because their study on 6/30/11 suggesting not, as it was in the post-WW II generates an understanding of licensees know what is years, an engrossing topic in the human nature. The reason that posted about them on the eyes of the intelligentsia.” Introductory Psychology attracts Internet. The alert says great quantities of students is not licensees need to make a “From my perspective,” he said, because of a general aspiration to “good faith effort to correct” “this last poses the most become practitioners, but because any errors about themselves. significant challenge.
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Contemporary Psychoanalytic developmental etiology, i.e. symptoms result from a disruption
Theory and Practice in the developmental sequence, and that earlier breaks in the developmental sequence are associated with more severe by Dr. Eric Cerwonka pathology. Nonetheless, these disruptions are not necessarily
the result of the horrible trauma of common lore. While abuse Contemporary psychoanalytic theory and neglect are certainly pathogenic, more often these breaks and practice, referred to as Object in the developmental sequence are found to be the result of Relations, is an evolution of classical much more banal events (e.g. a second colicky baby results in psychoanalytic theory. The term the caregiver being unavailable to the other child). “object” was coined by Freud, and is synonymous with the word person or Developmental Sequencing people. Hence the term “Object Relations” refers to psychoanalytic Within the confines of our mind we all carry an “internal map” or theory based on the relationship schema of the outside world. But this is not so for the newborn. between objects (people). Where In the immediate postnatal period a child has no memory traces classical psychoanalysis is sometimes nor can they focus their eyes. Thus, they have no “internal referred to as a psychology of one, map” as we know it. Nonetheless, during this time the child object relations theory is a psychology does have a crude understanding of self and mother, which of more than one, with the actual exist internally as one ephemeral unit. As such, both the developmental relationship serving as internal world and the external world are represented in the the basis of personality and future unconscious by one object. As development progresses, relationships (This is what Freud meant however, visual acuity improves and memory traces when he said that there is no such accumulate. Soon an infant begins to differentiate between the thing as a new relationship, that all external world and the internal world (i.e. there is someone out relationships are superimposed over there and I am in here). This then becomes the building blocks old relationships). More specifically, of what will eventually become "the mind:” two individual both the outside object and the objects, one representing mother and one representing self. relationship with that object are Disruption of this stage can later lead to a state in which the introjected by the developing mind. In patient is unable to differentiate between the outside world and this way Object Relations theory stands Con’t pg 17 congruent with other exciting and cutting edge developmental theories such as Bowlby's Attachment Theory. Due to these origins, however, Object Relations theory is based on the same assumptions of classical psychoanalytic theory.
Of course, a central assumption of Object Relations theory is the recognition of an “unconscious mind,” that influences behavior and that produces the symptoms of psychopathology. In addition, Object Relations theory is based on the assumption (like all psychoanalytic theory) that symptoms have symbolic meaning. As such, the role of the therapist is the accurate reading of that symbolism as fodder for treatment.
Also central to Object Relations theory is the assumption that personality and Dr. Michael Schwartz from New York (L) and Dr. Eric Cerwonka, who psychopathology have a received his training in New York, discuss issues at the LPA convention. Dr. Schwartz was a guest presenter and will Chair a program at APA.
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Close-up Dr. Gary Jones
Dept Chair Louisiana State University Shreveport
Dr. Gary Jones has built a prestigious and fruitful career from his talent for working with people, his enjoyment of psychophysiology, and his love of mentoring students in psychology.
He is Chair of the Department of Psychology at Louisiana State University Shreveport and Tenured
Professor, coming to LSUS eight years ago after a full Dr. Gary Jones and varied career at the University of Southern Mississippi (USM), including Director of Clinical impact of awareness on a person's understanding Psychology Training, Director of USM’s Psychology of their health or sickness became my Clinic, and Professor at a university that many in programmatic research for the next 35 years, and Louisiana affectionately regard as home. virtually all of my research, and that of my students, has been in that area. I'm still fascinated by it.” Dr. Jones is a member of the Counsel of Graduate Departments of Psychology (COGDOP) and a member of Association of Heads of Departments of Along the way he has produced works such as Psychology (AHDP). He has been a member of the “An investigation of the role of physiological Council of University Directors of Clinical Psychology arousal in test anxiety,” in Educational and (CUDCP) and the Association of Directors of Psychological Research, “Physiological Psychology Training Clinics. responding during self generated imagery of contextually complete stimuli,” in He is Team Chair, APA Accreditation Site Visit Psychophysiology, and “Perception of arousal and awareness of physiological responding prior to Teams, Clinical Psychology, a position he has held for over ten years. He also serves as Site Visitor, Clinical and after running 20 kilometers,” in Journal of Specialty Member, and Site Visitor, Health Sport Psychology. Psychology Specialty Member, among many other duties. “I did a series of studies on an American Heart Association grant to understand how patients with His research in cardiac awareness and visceral serious cardiac diseases such as arrhythmias or perception has spanned decades and led to over 80 premature ventricular contractions interpreted publications, 67 national and international visceral feedback and how it impacted their use of medical services or their understanding of their presentations, 44 invited addresses and presentations at state/regional meetings, and four book chapters own health,” he told the Times. “In short, most including “Constitutional and physiological factors in cardiac patients are not particularly aware of heartbeat perception,” in From the heart to the brain: cardiac activity, have lots of misinformation about The psychophysiology of circulation-brain interaction, what their heart is doing, and make lots of bad and “Perception of visceral sensations: A review of behavioral choices based on misinformation about recent findings, methodologies, and future directions,” their physiological functioning.” in Advances in Psychophysiology. His extensive publishing record in psychophysiology is paralleled by his service as “My dissertation was an analysis of the imagination process involved in systematic desensitization,” Gary editor for numerous journals. He has served as told the Times. He found that “what made people the Associate Editor for the International Journal react physiologically was not the valence of the of Psychophysiology, as Consulting Editor for the imagined scene, but the activity involved in the journals of Psychophysiology, Journal of imagery.” Psychophysiology, Biological Psychology, Psychobiology, Journal of Applied
“The issue of visceral awareness,” he said, “its Con’t next pg accurate measurement, individual differences, and the
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He has worked as a clinician in private practice, and as Clinical Psychology Consultant and Clinical Supervisor, to P.A.C.E. – Head Start, as a Clinical Psychologist Consultant to Pine Grove Recovery Center, and consultant to Department of Youth Services.
Gary earned his B.A. in psychology from Penn State, and his masters and doctorate in Clinical Psychology from Bowling Green State University. But he chose psychology only after some turns.
“I started as a marine biology major at Penn State primarily bec ause I had watched Lloyd Bridges on the television The $50,000 minicomputer and steamer trunk-sized hard drives are on the right. The now Dr. Michael Scott above is collecting dissertation data, while Drs. Ken program, Sea Hunt, and that Jones and John Caldwell program the computer. (Photo courtesy Dr. Gary seemed really interesting,” he Jones.) explained. However, he soon changed to biology, then Dr. Jones… education, and finally Society, Society for Psychophysiology, and Psychophysiological Research, psychology.
Psychosomatic Medicine. and Society for Behavioral Nothing quite felt right until one He has also served as Consulting Medicine. day, while walking past an
Editor for Science, Journal of office in the basement of the He has served on the Scientific Behavioral Assessment, Biofeedback Program Committee for the World psychology building at Penn and Self-Regulation, Journal of Congress of Psychophysiology, State, Gary spotted a “very Personal & Social Psychology on the Convention Committee, large piece of electronic Consulting, and Journal of Membership, and Bylaws equipment…” It was a Personality and Social Psychology. Committee for the Society of Beckman Dynograph, a device He has served as Special Series Psychophysiological Research. for recording physiological, Editor for Biological Psychology. He serves in multiple roles for the autonomic, or cerebral
Southeastern Psychological electrical signals. Gary is a Licensed Clinical Psychologist in Louisiana, in Association. He has served as Gary was hooked. The Mississippi, and holds the Certificate President of the Biofeedback combination of psychology, of Professional Qualifications in Society of Mississippi, and in sophisticated electronic many roles for the Mississippi Psychology (CPQ). He has served on equipment, and research, was Psychological Association, the Mississippi Board of Examiners exactly what he had been and he is a past member the including Chair of the Scientific looking for. “What a Affairs, and Legislative American Association of State and combination! It pushed all my Provincial Psychology Boards. Committee. He has served on buttons simultaneously,” he numerous university committees said. He is a member of the American including the College of Business, Psychological Association, Education, and Human Sciences “I decided quickly that I would Southeastern Psychological Technology Committee, the LSUS like to be a psycho- Association, and Fellow of the Technology Fund Committee, the physiologist,” and he asked to International Organization of University Research Council, work in the lab, proceeding next Psychophysiology. He is a past Graduate Council, and the to graduate training with member of American Psychological Statistical Review Committee. Con’t next pg
Page 13 Dr. Jones… “Seeing all of those kids turn into professionals and Bowling Green’s Dr. Harold Johnson, a licensed make careers and names for themselves is amazing, clinical psychologist and psychophysiologist. and to have a little to do with furthering that process,
“To me, psychophysiology was a natural is, by far, the best part of my career in psychology.” combination for a clinician,” Gary told the Times. “I What does Dr. Gary Jones see ahead for psychology? was most fascinated with the role of a person's “I think that this is an exciting time for psychology. I perception of visceral sensations as being critical to think that psychology is growing into a real science.” the emotional experience.” He explained that the field has advanced more in the
He still loves gadgetry. “I am definitely an old last 15 years than in the previous 100. “We have a lot more to learn, but psychology is riding technological technology geek (long before there was such a term) and have been one since my introduction to advances into advanced understanding of human amateur radio at about 12 years of age.” He began behavior.” collecting physiological data on $50,000 His advice to younger psychologists? “Truly master minicomputer in 1971 that had only 64K of memory, the knowledge and skills available in your disciplines.” with hard drives that were “the size of a large And, “… graduate school is just not getting a degree steamer trunk,” explained Gary. but is the acquisition of knowledge that you are going
to build on the rest of your career. Don't be in a In recent years Gary has attended an NIMH and APA sponsored Advanced Training Institute at rush...”
Massachusetts General Hospital in Functional Dr. Gary Jones is married to Dee (Dolores) Jones. Magnetic Resonance Imagery (fMRI) at Martinos Dee is a professional librarian now at the LSU Health Center for Biomedical Imaging, a collaboration of Science Center Medical Library in Shreveport. In her the Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard, and career she has served as the Curator of the MIT. DeGrummond Children's Literature Research
Collection, the second largest collection of original What has been most rewarding? “I am, at my core, mostly an academic, researcher, and mentor,” he children’s literature manuscripts and original said. “Clearly, the most rewarding part of all of this illustrations in the U.S. Also, Dee has served on the activity was my role as a mentor for doctoral Board that confers the premier national award for students.” Children's Literature, the Andrew Caldecott Medal.
During his almost 30 years at USM, Gary mentored approximately 65 doctoral candidates. “There is nothing like having a research group of 4 to 9 PhD candidates all working in the same area as I was working. These people were bright, enthusiastic, eager, motivated and excited about learning psychology, and it was an amazing environment for me.”
Gary’s very first graduate student was Dr. Glenn Ally, Louisiana medical psychologist. “I taught the intellectual testing courses,” Gary said, “for our program and students were required to do lots of practice testing, and Glenn would bring his son [Brandon] in to be tested by his colleagues. Brandon was a fixture of the testing classes,” Gary said.
“About 25 years later, a young man named Brandon Ally applied to our doctoral program…” and “…became ‘my’ last doctoral student. The ‘Ally psychologists’ bookended my mentorship career. Brandon is one of ‘my’ most distinguished students, now on the faculty at Vanderbilt Medical School (after leaving Boston University and Harvard This was a newspaper picture taken sometime during Medical), and has a research track record that puts Dr. Gary Jones’ first year (1975-1976 ) as a faculty almost all of us to shame.” member at USM. (Photo courtesy Dr. Gary Jones.)
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Who’s Writing
What?
Sports Hypnosis In Practice Scripts, Strategies and Case Examples by Joseph Tramontana, PhD Crown House Publishing, July 2011
“Do just once what others say you can’t do and you will never pay attention to their limitations again.”—James R. Cook
-from Sports Hypnosis, Appendix “Affirmations”
Sports Hypnosis In Practice, by Dr. Joseph Tramontana, is a delightful, candid and enormously useful book for clinicians working with athletes. Licensed clinical psychologist, and one time runner, sprinter and coach, Dr. Tramontana applies his clinical skills and imagination to the mental side of sports. He In Sports Hypnosis Dr. Tramontana provides weaves together hypnotherapy techniques, elements from specific directions and scripts, showing the the culture of competitive athletics, and specific directions for reader how to modify techniques and uncovering meaningful personal imagery, to help athletes suggestions for particular sports or particular improve their performance. athletes.
Dr. Tramontana accomplishes this within a solid base of For instance, he explains the difference in the classical hypnotherapy technique and multi-level mental approach of a tennis player, who keeps communications for unlocking potential. He writes in a direct, moving, to that of a competitive golfer who has genuine, and first person style that lends itself to an more than enough time to dwell on a mistake. appreciation to this interesting sub-specialty. He includes a The golfer “has more time to think between variety of ideas in story-telling, interviews, affirmations, shots. If the previous shot was a bad one, this quotes, books, and movies that help with the process and thinking can involve grappling with self-doubt, enlivens the text for the reader. anxiety, fear of failure, and tension.”
“What I especially enjoy about working with athletes, young In another example, Joe presents a case with or older,” Joe explained to the Times, “is their extremely high a young gymnast who had fallen and who motivation to improve.” Joe’s enjoyment of sports culture and finds it impossible to perform the same move his concern for the athletes emerge clearly in the text. unless her coach is near the bar. “Hypno- projection was then utilized to review “… I find it to be a fun and exciting sub-area of my general performing the skills perfectly in the past (age psychological practice,” he writes in the Introduction. regression),” Joe writes. “…and then seeing “Typically athletes are not coming to see me because of herself doing them perfectly in the future psychological disturbance; rather they are seeking self- (future projection).” Next, he used scripts improvement in their sport.” involving an approach for “rehearsing future
“…The progress, gains, and successes are often quick, performance.” And finally, “…the client was dramatic, and measurable,” he notes, a situation that makes told to ask the coach to move a little further this work a satisfying, upbeat area of clinical practice. away each day and to practice these Con’t next pg
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T he design of the book begins with a c risp but complete “Introduction,” prov iding background and scientific c ontext for applications. In Chapter 1, “Overview of Hypnotic Approaches with At hletes,” Joe outlines the techniques he uses for trace induction and dee pening, imagery, and techniques f or specific suggestions for athletes.
F or instance, he describes “The elev ator,” “The practice effect and generalization effect,” and “Efficiency and effectiveness.” Also included is “Ale rt and open eye hypnosis,” a t echnique essential for athletes. In later c hapters he describes techniques such as “World Class Visualizer,” and “Sp ace Travel Meditation.”
He clarifies how self-hypnosis is used f or homework and explains the use of s tory-telling and “Inspirational stories.” H e reviews how issues with low self- Dr. Joseph Tramontana catches up with Dr. Karen Slaton of Covington, Louisiana, at the LPA convention this last April. esteem, self-sabotage, or other emotional issues may need to be Bookshelf… discovered in sections on “Uncovering” and “Reframing.” techniques at home.” In a short time the gymnast was back performing comfortably. Chapters 2 through 9 address specific sports, beginning Chapter 2, “Golfers” The directions and scripts are enhanced by a set of interviews followed by Chapter 3, “Track and Field with coaches and athletes, including Brian Kinchen, former LSU Athletes: Sprinters, Distance Runners, football star and NFL tight end and long snapper. Also included is and High Jumpers,” and Chapter 4, LSU women’s tennis coach Tony Minnis, LSU’s women’s softball “Gymnastics and Cheerleaders.” coach, Yvette Girouard, and LSU’s equestrian club team coach, In Chapter 5, “Equestrians: Show Leaf Boswell. Jumping,” Joe reviews his work with a Sports Hypnosis is complete with scientific links and references, female equestrian who reported successfully blending with the work of other sports psychology feedback of a “slow motion” effect experts, information from researchers in human performance, following hypnotherapy, allowing her to and important techniques from other hypnotherapists. feel as though she had extra time to mentally prepare. “ As a former competitive runner and sprinter, and also a coach for marathoners, Joe demonstrates his insightful knowledge about In “The US Big Three: Football, the challenges and demands that athletes encounter. He brings Baseball, and Basketball,” Chapter 6, together his knowledge of normal personality, clinical insight, and Joe interviews Brian Kinchen, tight end his awareness of the emotional demands that arise in a variety of for LSU, the Miami Dolphins, Cleveland competitive endeavors, to show how the clinician can uncover Browns, Baltimore Raves, and Carolina the cognitive psychology of the athletes’ beliefs. Panthers. Kinchen became the deep snapper for the New England Patriots Sports Hypnosis will be directly and immediately useful for and snapped the winning field goal in psychologists trained in clinical hypnosis who want to assist the team’s Super Bowl victory. athletes, but it will also be valuable to those who want to better understand the specifics of indirect methods and how Chapter 7, “Softball (Fast Pitch), hypnotherapists engage the subconscious to help clients Chapter 8 on “Tennis,” and Chapter 9 overcome personal obstacles. Con’t next pg
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Bookshelf… covering “Volleyball, Soccer, Olympic Continuing Professional Development Guidelines Taking Shape Shooting, Cycling, and Rugby,” completes the review of specific sports. The LSBEP is considering revising requirements for Dr. Tramontana shifts gears in Chapter 10 to Continuing Education requirements, and conducted a give a review of “Recovering from Injury and survey of licensed psychologists in June and July to Returning to Training and Competition,” discover their views on number and kind of training which includes hypnotic techniques to activities for verifying continued competence. enhance recovery after surgery or injury. Dr. Tony Young, Chair of LSBEP noted to the Times that, “My work with pain patients–I currently work “ASPPB has published a draft of guidelines regarding CE one day per week in a pain management or Maintenance of Competency that we are mulling over. clinic and am referred to as their ‘pain They are incorporating suggestions now from state psychologist’– dovetails nicely with working boards and revising their document, as I understand it.” with athletes who have overuse or injury- He indicated that the document is available on the related pain,” Joe noted. ASPPB website at http://www.asppb.net/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageID=3572 Chapter 11, “Substance Abuse and Other Addictive Behaviors,” builds on his clinical Changes in Continuing Education may follow the expertise of working with additive behaviors. ASPPB’s recommendations, after input from state boards and individuals are included. Sections on “Affirmations” and on “Books and Movies,” are given in the Appendix, and complete this engaging, upbeat and very usable book.
Dr. Joseph Tramontana is in private practice in Baton Rouge, and is also a Psychological Consultant to DDS. Additionally, he serves as the “Pain Psychologist” at Southern Pain & Anesthesia, in Metairie. He also sees clients monthly in Pass Christian, MS. He has served as Director of the North Mississippi Mental Health and Retardation Center. He belongs to the Southern Pain Society and the Mississippi Pain Society, the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis (for whom he has served as a faculty member), and the Association of Applied Sports Psychologists. He is a member of APA, the Louisiana and Mississippi Psychological Associations. Dr. Tramontana was recently elected to the Louisiana Psychological
Association Executive Council and is Chairperson of the Public Affairs Committee and of the Elections Committee.
He is presenting a workshop in September (2011) at the annual meeting of the Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, an international organization, held this year in New Orleans. Dr. Joseph Tramontana at a competition run with trophy. Sports Hypnosis is his second book. His first (Photo courtesy of Dr. Tramontana.) is Hypnotically Enhanced Treatment for Addictions, also published by Crown.
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Contemporary Psychoanalysis… themselves) as whole objects, with both pathology is caused by good and bad qualities. Accompanying early problematic the internal world. Problems this is also a merger of the relationships, the curative related to this early emotions/instincts that are associated aspects of treatment also developmental stage can later with each object. Hence, the aggressive rest on the relationship. result in a state in which the instinct is now tempered by libido, and Although the exact patient is unable to differentiate the pure rage that is a product of pre- mechanics are still between internal "voices" and merged (split) objects is no longer pondered, the external "voices." Hence, produced. Problems related to this stage psychoanalytic relationship Object Relation theory provides produce a condition in which splitting is is what is therapeutic i.e. a psychological explanation for the major defense and rage is still that it is introjected by the auditory hallucinations (my experienced (i.e., a borderline condition). patient, to replace or apologies to the chemical mitigate early malignant imbalance industry). As you can see, Object Relations theory, relationships. As time moves on, however, similar to classical psychoanalytic theory, these single objects are unable can account for the clinical conditions Dr. Cerwonka is in private to represent the infant's ever that many face daily in their practice. practice in Lafayette. He expanding world. This is Although space limitations limit further completed his doctoral especially true for emotions. discussion, I feel I would be remiss if I training at Long Island Angry, blue-in-the-face baby did not at least mention the curative University, C.W. Post Campus, cannot be represented with the (rather than palliative) aspects of and his post-doctoral training same object as happy, loving psychoanalytic treatment. Just as at Columbia University. baby at the breast. Similarly, “mother the-caretaker-and- provider” cannot be represented with the same object as Nutrition and Health “neglectful-make-me-wait-she's- trying-to-kill-me mother.” As Organic solvents are ubiquitous worldwide. Sources include paints, such, baby now uses a very paint thinners, gasoline, varnishes, degreasing agents, adhesives, primitive defense mechanism to printing inks, pesticides, cosmetics and cleaners. Studies have rectify the situation: a splitting suggested that chronic, high-level solvent exposure might be defense. In this regard the associated with a syndrome of personality change, memory infant now develops dual impairment, and neurological deficits that is termed solvent objects for both self and neurotoxicity.1 Fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, mother, and the emotion that psychomotor deficits, and depression are other symptoms seen as accompanies those objects. a result of chronic solvent exposure. Occupations with increased Now the infant has two solvent exposure include painting, floor laying, printing, and dry separate objects for self (good cleaning.2 baby/bad baby) and for mother
(good mother/bad mother), and 1. Dick FD. Solvent neurotoxicity. Occup Environ Med. Mar 2006;63(3):221-226, the emotions (actually instincts) 179. 2.Bockelmann I, Pfister EA, Peters B, Duchstein S. Psychological effects of that accompany these objects: occupational exposure to organic solvent mixtures on printers. Disabil Rehabil. Jul libido and aggression, 8 2004;26(13):798-807. respectively. As time moves on, however, baby begins to understand that good mother Sharing Paths to Health and bad mother are actually the same person, as is good baby with Functional Testing and bad baby, and a merging of http://www.metametrixinstitute.org/ the objects occurs. With this merger baby can now experience people (and
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IN THE NEWS Fourth of July during an orgasm. Instead, it is surprisingly silent. Why might this be so?” Dr. Kelly Ray Her article can be found at Presents at http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=the-
APA, August 4 neurobiology-of-bliss-sacred-and-profane
Dr. Kelly Ray, outgoing LPA President will present “Developing a part-time practice,” as a member of UNO Dr. Scaramella the panel for “Nuts and Bolts of Practice: Find Parents Upset Successful Early Career Perspective.” The Their Babies’ Sleep program is sponsored by Division 42, Independent UNO Professor Dr. Laura Scaramella was one of a Practice and will be held August 4 at the APA Convention Center. team that researched the impact marital problems have on babies’ sleep. The study’s findings were The Chair for the panel is Dr. Michael Schwartz, reviewed in an UNO news release and also on the who recently presented a workshop at LPA. Huffington Post.
Dr. Michael Chafetz The UNO news release noted, “The conventional Publishes Research wisdom is that infants are hard on a marriage On Disability Validity because parents’ sleeping habits are disrupted by babies. But a new study that appears in the journal
Michael Chafetz, Erica Prentkowski, ad Aparna Child Development finds that marital instability when a Rao have authored a study, “To Work or Not To child is nine months old can affect child sleep Work: Motivation (Not Low IQ) Determines problems at 18 months. ‘This study suggests that Symptom Validity Test Findings,” published in the regardless of the cause of marital instability, marital Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology. instability affects the babies and interferes with babies’ sleep,’ said Laura Scaramella, a University of The authors looked at Social Security Disability New Orleans psychology professor and one of the Determinations Service (DDS) claimants and study’s investigators.” compared them to claimants for the Rehabilitation Service on measures symptom validity. They The Huffington Post reviewed the study and wrote, found that, “… intrinsic motivation explains effort in “These new findings suggest babies are able to this particular study of low-functioning claimants: internalize parental discord before they are able to those seeking to work or to look good to reunify cognitively understand its implications.” with their children pass SVTs [Symptom Validity Tests] at high rates.” See http://news.uno.edu/UNOintheNews/articleType/Articl Dr. Nadia Webb eView/articleId/71/Study-Finds-That-Marital- Problems-Are-Related-To-Infants-Sleep Authors Article For Scientific Am
Dr. Nadia Webb authored a feature article for The Psychology Times Scientific American and it’s “Mind Matters,” on the The Psychology Times is provided as a community web, “The Neurobiology of Bliss--Sacred and service for those in the practice, science, and teaching Profane,” Sex in the brain, and what it reveals of psychology in Louisiana and related individuals and about the neuroscience of deep pleasure. “ groups. The Times offers information, entertainment, She writes, “The left hemisphere is even and networking for the Louisiana psychological preferentially more active among people free of community. depression and less active among the unhappy. If the brain were a simpler and more cooperative None of the content is intended as organ, the left hemisphere would be lit up like the advice for anyone.