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Synchronicity Phenomena by CG Jung

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Synchronicity Phenomena by CG Jung NeuroQuantology | September 2010 | Vol 8 | Issue 3 | Page 354‐358 354 Limar IN., Synchronicity phenomena by C. G. Jung Opinion and Perspectives Synchronicity Phenomena by C.G. Jung: Perspectives of Study and Possible Psychophysiological Substantiation Igor V. Limar Abstract Directions of researches, considering in any event the complex of phenomena specified in terminology of analytical psychology author, Carl G. Jung, as “synchronicity phenomena”, were considered. On the basis of available data the original concept was proposed, which could make it possible to provide a theoretical basis, interpreting observations of famous researchers, including from the psychophysiology position. Interdisciplinary approach is applied in this material taking into consideration state‐of‐the‐art progress of the modern science. Key Words: entanglement, synchronicity, psychophysiology, consciousness, scattering processes, electrostatic interaction NeuroQuantology 2010; 3: 354‐358 Formulation of the problem1 such trend of depth psychology as “analytical At present, the practitioners of psychological psychology” is not exception, which creator services widely apply various was Swiss psychologist, philosopher and psychotherapeutic methods proposed within psychiatrist Carl Gustav Jung as is generally the one or other branches of psychology. In known. The complex of phenomena defined, particular, the matter concerns “personality as “synchronicity phenomena” in Jung’s approaches”, such as classical terminology is the most mysterious as well as psychoanalysis, humanistic psychology, as key within “Jungian psychology” in opinion well as at once so “exotic” and thriving trend of the creator of such approach. Special as so-called “transpersonal psychology”. At discussing of such trend of researches is the same time, one should state that determined by the fact that possibility of practical application of considerable part of interpretation of such class phenomena runs diagnostics methods and subsequent counter to ordinary notion of physical psychological correction passes ahead of reality. However, more detailed study of their theoretical justification. In this respect, some foremost results, obtained by the modern science, affords ground for less skeptical consideration of “synchronicity” Corresponding author: Igor V. Limar Address: Institute of Innovative and Postgraduate Education (IIPE). problem. Although description of so-called Department of computer science and informational technologies, “semantic” coincidences (also called as Dvoryanskaya str., 2, Odesa, 65026, Ukraine “synchronicity phenomenon”) had been Phone: +38 048 725 3687 conducted a long time ago (Jung, 1969), Fax: +38 048 711 6533 e‐mail: [email protected] their research became topical just for the last Received: April 5, 2010. Revised: April 25, 2010. decades. Such researchers as Mindell Accepted: June 25, 2010. ISSN 1303 5150 www.neuroquantology.com NeuroQuantology | September 2010 | Vol 8 | Issue 3 | Page 354‐358 355 Limar IN., Synchronicity phenomena by C. G. Jung (2000), Grof (1992) and some others work in then the causality principle rather relatively such trend. “Breaking of the memory fits for explanation of some natural adaptation” theory is one of the most processes and therefore assumes existence of detailed researches (Tarlaci, 2006). one or some factors necessary for Therewith other hypotheses were also explanation. One may say that connection proposed. For example, some theories are between the events under certain based on comparison of synchronicity circumstances is of other than causal nature phenomenon with quantum entanglement and requires other principle of explanation. (Carminati and Martin, 2008; Duch, 2002; Jung classifies the synchronicity Martin et al., 2009). Value of other manifestation in the following way: 1) researcher’s investigation – S. Grof – lies in coincidence of observer’s mental state with attempt to provide a theoretical basis, which objective external event, taking place at the probably will illuminate quite specific moment of such state and corresponding to manifestations of mental life, based on mental state or its contents, where causal hypotheses of Karl Pribram and David connection between the mental state and Bohm. As is generally known these external event is not traced, and where such assumptions postulate holographic analogy connection can not exist taking into in attempt to describe psychophysiological consideration the mental relativity of time mechanisms underlying nature of and space; 2) coincidence of psychic state consciousness. with corresponding (occurring at the same At the same time, proposed schemes time more or less) external event, taking allow to supplement them and, probably, place beyond the observer’s perception, i.e. modify them to some extent from the at a distance, whereof one may ascertain only psychophysiology positions. later on; 3) coincidence of psychic state with All above-stated creates prerequisites corresponding but not existing yet future for subsequent researches in stated area. event, which considerably distant by the time and which reality may be also determined but later on. Purpose and formulation of task, research hypothesis Obviously, that foregoing is Being the consequence of trends stated in associated quite poorly with ordinary notions previous section the purpose of this article about determination of events by laws and formulation of task is to find out known to science. However, the possibility of possible mechanisms of “synchronicity” consideration of similar “synchronicity” phenomena realization subject to displays is demonstrated below from the psychophysiological constituent. positions of natural-science approach. It is necessary to go into detail on For many years Jung was collecting definition and interpretation of corresponding material but he did not “synchronicity” notion. publish the results of his observations and their analysis relating to so-called “acasual Synchronicity (by Jung) is the chances”. Sometimes Jung made casual phenomenon, when event in outside world mention of such problem in his papers, meaningfully (i.e. semantically) coincides however it and phenomena related to it were with psychological condition of one or so “extraordinary”, that only in 1951 the another person. In general the Jung’s notion scientist made a report “On synchronicity”, of “synchronicity” comes to the fact that it is where he stated in general terms his “acausal connecting principle” or “class of investigations in such area describing events connected not by the reason, but by “inconceivable coincidence”. It should be sense (i.e. dispersed in time and space”)”. noted that Jung’s papers, representing quite Causality is the philosophic principle extensive material for general understanding underlying the concept of the law of nature. of synchronicity phenomenon, does not seem Such is the methodology of the science. to be rich in concrete examples. Being However if the connection between the cause considered as “classical” incident, when the and consequence becomes apparent only Jung’s patient, having stated the meaning of statistically, and is only relatively true per se, her dream, which key character was “scarab ISSN 1303 5150 www.neuroquantology.com NeuroQuantology | September 2010 | Vol 8 | Issue 3 | Page 354‐358 356 Limar IN., Synchronicity phenomena by C. G. Jung beetle”, “initiated” appearance of such insect such figure, that they were obviously sense on sill of opened window in Jung’s room, from the viewpoint of probability theory. As cannot be regarded as the most interesting it was mentioned above, in Jung’s opinion example. Really, incidents with correlation of the “semantic coincidences”, which should people behavior are far more informative be distinguished from senseless “chance and demonstrative. groups”, are reposed on archetype basis. At The case deserving attention is that least all cases in Jung’s practice (and there Sigmund Freud described such examples were many of them) possessed such (though in some other terms) more minutely distinguishing characteristic. than Jung. Although the creator of Not only Jung appealed to the matter psychoanalysis was materialist and strictly about possible correlation of mental adhered to points of his modern science. processes stipulated by connection with Also it is known that rupture between Jung some external substance. Laureate of Nobel and Freud occurred also in connection with Prize on physiology, John Eccles (Eccles and such researchers’ divergence of opinion Popper, 1977), and Canadian top-ranking about so-called “occult phenomena”. neurosurgeon, Penfield (1978) jointly put Specifically Freud described the “occult” forward similar hypothesis in their time. phenomena in his paper “Introduction into In addition, famous Italian psychoanalysis: Lectures” (Freud, 1966). As psychiatrist, Assagioli, appealed to is generally known the lectures from 1 to 28 synchronicity phenomenon in his papers were published by the author before 1917. (Assagioli, 1975). Subsequent sections, including lecture 30, which in fact stated synchronicity However without providing phenomena, were published by Freud only in corresponding theoretical basis and, surely, the thirties. Creator of theory of the subsequent experimental verification, the unconscious stated the fact when contents of synchronicity hypothesis risks remaining dream became the event correlating with only bold assumption, being of less interest external incident beyond the direct in the course
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