Marc A. Mitscher Personal Papers Identifier/Call Number: SDASM.SC.10099 Physical Description: 1.6 Cubic Feetthis Is a Four Box Collection
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Pilot Stories
PILOT STORIES DEDICATED to the Memory Of those from the GREATEST GENERATION December 16, 2014 R.I.P. Norm Deans 1921–2008 Frank Hearne 1924-2013 Ken Morrissey 1923-2014 Dick Herman 1923-2014 "Oh, I have slipped the surly bonds of earth, And danced the skies on Wings of Gold; I've climbed and joined the tumbling mirth of sun-split clouds - and done a hundred things You have not dreamed of - wheeled and soared and swung high in the sunlit silence. Hovering there I've chased the shouting wind along and flung my eager craft through footless halls of air. "Up, up the long delirious burning blue I've topped the wind-swept heights with easy grace, where never lark, or even eagle, flew; and, while with silent, lifting mind I've trod the high untrespassed sanctity of space, put out my hand and touched the face of God." NOTE: Portions Of This Poem Appear On The Headstones Of Many Interred In Arlington National Cemetery. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 – Dick Herman Bermuda Triangle 4 Worst Nightmare 5 2 – Frank Hearne Coming Home 6 3 – Lee Almquist Going the Wrong Way 7 4 – Mike Arrowsmith Humanitarian Aid Near the Grand Canyon 8 5 – Dale Berven Reason for Becoming a Pilot 11 Dilbert Dunker 12 Pride of a Pilot 12 Moral Question? 13 Letter Sent Home 13 Sense of Humor 1 – 2 – 3 14 Sense of Humor 4 – 5 15 “Poopy Suit” 16 A War That Could Have Started… 17 Missions Over North Korea 18 Landing On the Wrong Carrier 19 How Casual Can One Person Be? 20 6 – Gardner Bride Total Revulsion, Fear, and Helplessness 21 7 – Allan Cartwright A Very Wet Landing 23 Alpha Strike -
The Battle of Midway
OVERVIEW ESSAY: The Battle of Midway (Naval History and Heritage Command, NH 73065.) One of Japan’s main goals during World War II was to THE BATTLE remove the United States as a Pacific power in order Early on the morning of June 4, aircraft from four to gain territory in east Asia and the southwest Pacific Japanese aircraft carriers attacked and severely islands. Japan hoped to defeat the US Pacific Fleet and damaged the US base on Midway. Unbeknownst to the use Midway as a base to attack Pearl Harbor, securing Japanese, the US carrier forces were just to the east of dominance in the region and then forcing a negotiated the island and ready for battle. After their initial attacks, peace. the Japanese aircraft headed back to their carriers to BREAKING THE CODE rearm and refuel. While the aircraft were returning, the Japanese navy became aware of the presence of US The United States was aware that the Japanese naval forces in the area. were planning an attack in the Pacific (on a TBD Devastator torpedo-bombers and SBD Dauntless location the Japanese code-named “AF”) because dive-bombers from the USS Enterprise, USS Hornet, Navy cryptanalysts had begun breaking Japanese and USS Yorktown attacked the Japanese fleet. The communication codes in early 1942. The attack location Japanese carriers Akagi, Kaga, and Soryu were hit, and time were confirmed when the American base at set ablaze, and abandoned. Hiryu, the only surviving Midway sent out a false message that it was short of Japanese carrier, responded with two waves of fresh water. -
Index to the Reminiscences of Vice Admiral Truman
Index to The Reminiscences of Vice Admiral Truman J. Hedding, United States Navy (Retired) Aircraft Carriers Development of tactical doctrine in 1943 for the fast carrier task force, 37-40 See also Carrier Division Three, Task Force 58 Air Force, U.S. Air Force members of the Joint Staff were well organized during the 1949-51 period in terms of the service's party line on various issues, 167-168; some of its responsibilities moved under the Pacific Command when that command became truly joint in the early 1950s, 169-172 Alcohol Cheap whiskey was available at the naval officers' club on Guam in the summer of 1945, 128-129 Ancon, USS (AGC-4) Amphibious command ship that served as a floating hotel in Tokyo for the staff of the U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey in late 1945, 131-132; Japanese Navy wartime action reports that had been stored in caves were taken aboard the ship in late 1945 to be microfilmed, 139-140. site of 1945 interview of Prince Konoye, former Japanese Prime Minister, 141-142; returned to the United States at the end of 1945, 152-153 Anderson, Major General Orvil A., USA Army Air Forces officer who made inflated claims concerning the effectiveness of his service's bombing campaigns in World War II, 145; role in interrogating Japanese as part of the U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey in 1945, 146-147 Antiair Warfare Effective U.S. antiaircraft fire during a carrier strike against the Marianas Islands in February 1944, 53 Army, U.S. Some of its responsibilities moved under the Pacific Command when that command became truly joint in the early 1950s, 169-172 Army Air Forces, U.S. -
Additional Historic Information the Doolittle Raid (Hornet CV-8) Compiled and Written by Museum Historian Bob Fish
USS Hornet Sea, Air & Space Museum Additional Historic Information The Doolittle Raid (Hornet CV-8) Compiled and Written by Museum Historian Bob Fish AMERICA STRIKES BACK The Doolittle Raid of April 18, 1942 was the first U.S. air raid to strike the Japanese home islands during WWII. The mission is notable in that it was the only operation in which U.S. Army Air Forces bombers were launched from an aircraft carrier into combat. The raid demonstrated how vulnerable the Japanese home islands were to air attack just four months after their surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. While the damage inflicted was slight, the raid significantly boosted American morale while setting in motion a chain of Japanese military events that were disastrous for their long-term war effort. Planning & Preparation Immediately after the Pearl Harbor attack, President Roosevelt tasked senior U.S. military commanders with finding a suitable response to assuage the public outrage. Unfortunately, it turned out to be a difficult assignment. The Army Air Forces had no bases in Asia close enough to allow their bombers to attack Japan. At the same time, the Navy had no airplanes with the range and munitions capacity to do meaningful damage without risking the few ships left in the Pacific Fleet. In early January of 1942, Captain Francis Low1, a submariner on CNO Admiral Ernest King’s staff, visited Norfolk, VA to review the Navy’s newest aircraft carrier, USS Hornet CV-8. During this visit, he realized that Army medium-range bombers might be successfully launched from an aircraft carrier. -
Turkey Shoot and How Adm
US Navy photo By John T. Correll Battle of the Philippine Sea, Leyte Gulf. It was also overshadowed 1944, the Japanese had scaled back their June 19-20, 1944, marked the by the other war news that month from plans but still hoped to hold a shorter end of Japanese naval airpower halfway around the world: The Allied inner perimeter, anchored on the east by as a signifi cant factor in World War II. landings in Normandy on D-Day, June 6, the Mariana Islands. It was the single biggest aircraft carrier to begin the invasion of occupied Europe. Japan’s greatest hero, Adm. Isoroku battle in history. However, naval history buffs still argue Yamamoto, who had planned the Pearl The fi rst day is remembered as “the about the Turkey Shoot and how Adm. Harbor attack, was dead, his airplane shot Great Marianas Turkey Shoot,” in which Raymond A. Spruance—the non-aviator down over the jungles of New Guinea in US Navy pilots and anti-aircraft gun- in command of the US Fifth Fleet—might 1943 by AAF P-38s. There was no one ners shot down more than 300 Japanese have conducted the battle, but didn’t. of comparable stature to take his place. airplanes. Before the two-day battle was Meanwhile, the US armed forces were over, the Japanese had lost fi ve ships, REVERSAL OF FORTUNES engaged in an intramural argument about including three fl eet carriers, and a total The heyday of the Japanese navy in the strategy. Gen. Douglas MacArthur called of 476 airplanes and 450 aviators. -
The Amazing Combat Career of the Aircraft Carrier USS
only American fleet carrier in the be laid down in accordance with the plans The amazing combat Southwest Pacific for over a month during for that class. career of the aircraft the desperate days in the Solomons in the The first dissent to laying down an autumn of 1942; and participated in the identical Yorktown came on 13 January carrier USS Hornet(CV-8) Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands, in which 1939, in a memorandum from the gruff, she was lost after taking a heavy pounding cantankerous Chief of the Bureau of — one of America’s true from foe and friend alike. Engineering, R/Adm. Harold G. Bowen. At the time of Hornet’s inception, After “careful study and consideration of heroes from the early days farsighted men in the Navy Department the matter,” the admiral recommended perceived gathering war clouds on two that significant improvements to the of the Second World War horizons — in Europe and the Far East. Yorktown design be incorporated into With the design aspect settled, the quantity and quality, and, at 1050, the With Japan’s abrogation of the naval Hornet’s plans, with the proviso that such contract to build Hornet went to the ship received aboard “for use in the BY ROBERT J. limitation treaties of 1922 and 1930, on 31 changes would not delay the execution of Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock general mess” 50-gallons of brick-cut ice December 1936, the United States Navy the contract to build the ship. Co., Newport News, Virginia, the firm that cream. In between, at 0900, there was a CRESSMAN had already constructed Yorktown (CV-5) small fire at the forward battle lookout and Enterprise (CV-6). -
Saturn V Data and Launch History Resized
Saturn V 50th Anniversary Commemorative Evening, November 8, 1967. AS-501 / Apollo 4, Pad 39A, KSC, FL. The Saturn V Launch Vehicle With a capacity to boost a payload of 260,000 lb. into low Earth orbit, or a 100,000 lb. payload into a lunar trajectory, the Saturn V remains the most powerful launch vehicle yet to leave the Earth's atmosphere. It was capable of placing in orbit a payload more than four times heavier than the future Space Shuttle could lift, and was six times more powerful than the next largest expendable rocket of its day. The Saturn V was designed by NASA engineers at the Marshall Space Flight Center, (MSFC), in Huntsville, AL, under the direction of Dr. Wernher von Braun. Development began in January, 1962. A total of fifteen vehicles were produced. Thirteen flew missions. Characteristics Overall length: 281 ft. (booster), 363 ft. (with spacecraft). Maximum diameter: 33.0 ft. Weight at liftoff: 6,423,000 lbs. Trans-lunar payload capability approximately 107,350 lbs. Earth orbit payload capability, (two stage configuration); 212,000 lbs. Stages First Stage, (S-IC); Contractor: Boeing Assembled: New Orleans, LA . Length: 138 ft. Diameter: 33 ft. Weight: 5,022,674 lbs. fueled / 288,750 lbs. dry. Engines: F-1 (x5) Designed and manufactured by Rocketdyne, Canoga Park, CA. Propellants: LOX (Liquid Oxygen) / RP-1 (Kerosene.) Thrust: 7,610,000 lbs. During the production run, the F-1 was redesigned and up-rated in preparation for the later "J Series" of extended lunar missions. These missions carried heavier payloads. With up-rated engines, the S-IC produced 7,724,000 lbs. -
The Eagle's Webbed Feet
The Eagle’s Webbed Feet The Eagle’s Webbed Feet •A Maritime History of the United States A Maritime History of the United States A Maritime History of the Uniteds The Second World War “Scratch one flattop!” “Damn it Captain, they’re getting away!” Pearl Harbor • China is the real bone of contention between the US and Japan • May 1941, Roosevelt orders the fleet to remain in Pearl Harbor • July 1941 – Oil imports to Japan halted • Japanese decision to go southeast for resources • The Soviet-Japanese Border Wars (1932-1939) o Battles of Khalkhin Gol (Nomonhan) (May-Sept 1939) o Neutrality Pact (April 1941) • The Philippines is the real target of the Pearl Harbor attack • Mahan’s influence on the IJN. “If you attack us, we will break your empire; before we are through with you …. we will crush you.” Admiral Stark (CNO) to Ambassador Nomura (Nov 1941) • What were the Japanese thinking? (Compromise Peace) Pearl Harbor (2) • Destroyed or severely damaged 8 battleships, 10 cruisers/destroyers, 230 aircraft, & killed 2400 men. Cost was 29 planes, 5 midget subs. • A “short war” meant they could ignore fuel depots, repair facilities and the submarine base. • Their air superiority meant they could ignore the US carriers • War declared on Japan the next day • On December 11th Germany declared war on the US (???) • One of the two stupidest decisions of World War Two USS Arizona USS Shaw War in the Atlantic • The US Navy’s role in the Atlantic War was: • The U-Boat War (Priority #1) • Safely convoying troops, equipment, and supplies • Destroy the U-Boat fleet • Conduct amphibious operations of Army forces • Because of Pearl Harbor, the Navy reluctantly supported the “Germany First” policy envisioned in Rainbow Five but it did not really believe in it. -
Members of the National USS Hornet Association, Representing
Dear ______________________________________, Members of the national USS Hornet Association, representing thousands of proud veterans of the Aircraft Carriers USS Hornet, CV-8, CV, CVA, and CVS-12, are writing to urge their representatives to support our effort to see the name “Hornet” once again on an active Naval ship. We need your help in understanding how to reach that goal. For nearly two hundred years, from 1775 to 1970, the United States Navy and our country were protected by no less than eight Hornet ships. Performing gallantly from the Revolutionary War to the Civil War and on through much of the 20th century, they and their proud crews and air groups served our country with honor and distinction. In the opening years of WWII, the aircraft carrier USS Hornet CV-8, the seventh Hornet, was the launch platform for Colonel Jimmy Doolittle’s famous Tokyo Raiders. She later fought at the Battle of Midway, and in 1942 at the Battle of Santa Cruz, where on 27 October, she was finally lost. Just ten months later in August 1943, the eighth Hornet CV-12 was christened. The keel, originally designated as the Kearsarge, was renamed Hornet. It was felt by both the President and the Navy, that “the name Hornet should live again as a symbol of the strength and determination of the American people in their cause”. During WWII she went on to win the Presidential Unit Citation and seven battle stars. In her later years, she served in many campaigns including several tours of duty in the Viet Nam conflict. -
The Battle of Midway
The Battle of Midway Location: Midway Atoll 1,300 miles northwest of Oahu Date: June 4th-7th, 1942 Background: One of Japan’s main goals during WWII was to remove the United States as a Pacific power in order to gain territory in East Asia. Japan hoped to defeat the US Pacific Fleet and use Midway as a base to attack Pearl Harbor, securing dominance in the region. Breaking the Code: The United States was aware that the Japanese were planning an attack in the Pacific (somewhere they code-named “AF”) because Navy cryptanalysts had begun breaking Japanese communication codes in early 1942. The attack location and time were confirmed when the base at Midway sent out a false message that they were short of fresh water. Japan then sent a message that “AF” was short of fresh water, confirming that the location for the Midway Atoll attack was the base at Midway. Station Hypo (where the cryptanalysts were th th based in Hawaii) was able to also give the date (June 4 or 5 ) and the order of battle of the Imperial Japanese Navy. The Battle: Early morning on June 4th, aircraft from four Japanese aircraft carriers attacked and severely damaged the US base on Midway. Unbeknownst to the Japanese, the US carrier forces were just to the east of the island and ready for battle. After their initial attacks, the Japanese aircraft headed back to their carriers to rearm and refuel. While the aircraft were returning, the Japanese navy became aware of the presence of US naval forces in the area. -
Military Leadership and Organizational Innovation: a Case Study of the Pacific Theater in Ww Ii
DISSERTATION APPROVED BY June 16, 2020 James R. Martin Jr. Date James R. Martin, Jr., Ph.D., Chair Elizabeth Elliot-Meisel, Ph.D., Committee Member Jennifer Moss Breen, Ph.D., Director _______________________________________ Gail M. Jensen, Ph.D., Dean MILITARY LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION: A CASE STUDY OF THE PACIFIC THEATER IN WW II ___________________________________ By Anthony C. Zinni ___________________________________ A DISSERTATION IN PRACTICE Submitted to the faculty of the Graduate School of Creighton University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Education in Interdisciplinary Leadership _________________________________ Omaha, NE (May 15, 2020) Copyright (2020), Anthony C. Zinni This document is copyrighted material. Under copyright law, no part of this document may be reproduced without the expressed permission of the author. iii Abstract The US military, faced with unprecedented challenges, has sought to transform its services and other commands into more innovative organizations and has struggled in trying to understand the process to accomplish this. Studies that have been conducted to determine how best to make this transformation have not offered a comprehensive methodology or model that has proven useful. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the practices of military leadership teams and organizational innovation in historic and highly successful military commands, specifically in the World War II Pacific theater of operations, to gain insights into how current and future leadership may influence innovation. The research examined historical documents, leader accounts, and scholarly literature on innovation. Through this case study, insights were gained into how current and future leadership may influence the transformation into innovative organizations through their practices. -
Island Building Abridged from a Project Created by Alissa Doyle, 2018 USS Hornet Sea, Air & Space Museum
Island Building Abridged from a project created by Alissa Doyle, 2018 USS Hornet Sea, Air & Space Museum Overview The Island structure of an aircraft carrier houses many essential areas key to the ship’s overall functionality, all the while towering multiple decks above the Flight Deck. It serves as the ship’s control tower, the Captain’s Bridge, Navigation, Primary Flight Control, boiler and engine uptakes, and more! An aircraft carrier’s Island is built strong and sturdy. It can stay up in windy storms, when the ship is tilting (“listing,” in nautical terms), and when it gets damaged. Can you build a carrier-strong Island? This project invites participants to test their engineering skills, work collaboratively, and explore the elements required to control and stabilize a vital technological section of an aircraft carrier. Goals • Work collaboratively to build a structurally-sound tower • Engage in the engineering process as they come up with an idea, execute it, and test its viability Supplies • Paper • Pens, pencils, or other writing implement • Index cards or other thicker paper (if available) • Tape or glue • Yard stick or other measuring device for measuring final towers • A fan Steps 1. Alone or in a group, first design your tower on paper. Think about how you can get as high as possible using the strongest shapes! Keep in mind that you can’t glue or tape pieces of paper to each other, but you can tape a piece of paper to itself to make it into a shape. 2. Build your tower using the thicker paper (or use normal paper if that’s all you have!).