DOCSLIB.ORG

Liwa Journal of the National Archives

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Liwa Journal of the National Archives Volume 7 • Number 14 • December 2015 ISSN 1729-9039 Liwa Journal of the National Archives Editor-In-Chief Dr. Abdulla El Reyes Director General of the National Archives Deputy Editor-In-Chief Advisory Board Majid Sultan Al Mehairi H.E. Zaki Anwar Nusseibeh Adviser in the Ministry of Presidential Affairs, Deputy Managing Editor Chairman of Abu Dhabi Authority for Culture and Dr. L. Usra Soffan Heritage (ADACH) and Board Member of National Archives Editorial Board Prof. Mustafa Aqil al- Khatib Dr. Jayanti Maitra Professor of Modern History-Qatar University Farhan Al Marzooqi Dr. John E. Peterson Saeed Al Suwaidi Historian and Political Analyst Gregory Keith Iverson, Ph.D. Dr. Muhammad Sa’ad al- Muqaddam Editorial Secretary Assistant Professor of Modern History Nouf Salem Al Junaibi Sultan Qaboos University Dr. Sa’ad Abdulla al- Kobaisi Design & Layout Assistant Professor of Anthropology Printing Unit UAE University National Archives, 2014 © Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates The Editor of theLiwa Journal (ISSN 1729-9039) invites the submission of original and unpublished scholarly articles in English and Arabic related to archaeology, history and heritage of the UAE and the Arabian Gulf region. Manuscripts and all other correspondences concerning ‘Liwa’ should be addressed to: [email protected] Books sent for review in the Journal cannot be returned. For more details about ‘Liwa’ and subscriptions, access www.na.ae The views expressed in this issue are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editorial Board or the National Archives. Printed in the National Archives Printing Press LiwaJournal of the National Archives Volume 7 • Number 14 • December 2015 Contents Reflections on the Social History of Al Muwaij’ei Oasis in the Mid-20th Century 3 Shamsa Mohamed Al-Dhahiri Researcher at Zayed Center for Studies & Research TARIF & MURBAN No.1, 1954 28 Peter Walmsley, MBE 2 3 Reflections on the Social History of Al Muwaij’ei Oasis in the Mid-20th Century Shamsa Mohamed Al-Dhahiri Muwaij’ei is a patch of productive land in the extreme west of the Al-Ain Oases and is thus part of Al-Ain City. It was virtually a farming estate owned by the Al-Nahyan Ruling Family and had later developed into their main sphere of influence in the eastern region of the Abu Dhabi Emirate. It was inhabited due to its plentiful water, its beautiful atmosphere, and its central location within the agricultural estates of Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed I (1855-1945), eldest son of the Ruler of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, Sheikh Zayed Bin Khalifa Al-Nahyan (1855-1909), which extended from Al-Mo’tarid Oasis to Al-Mas’oudi on the northern edge of Al-Ain. Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed made Muwaij’ei a summer resort for himself and his followers. In 1946 when late Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al-Nahyan launched his political debut as the Ruler’s Representative in the Eastern Region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, he made Muwaij’ei his official residence. Thereafter, Muwaij’ei became the focal point of several developmental projects. He established a court of justice (Shari'a court), a school, a hospital, and other facilities hitherto unknown in Abu Dhabi’s developmental drive. These advancements ensured a decent living for Muwaij’ei citizens and encouraged others to abandon the Bedouin style of life and settle in Muwaij’ei. Thus the population of the Oasis’ steadily increased, and its name began to feature in the contemporary records dealing with the history of the Emirate in that era. These sources describe the status of Muwaij’ei, numbers of houses and names of the dwellers thereof. However, the questions that may be posed at this juncture are: What did those sources say about Muwaij’ei? Is there any historical evidence that may help save features of the past? What about the population and names of the districts and the economic and social activities? More importantly, Muwaij’ei’s origin goes back to which era? 2 3 Shamsa Mohamed Al-Dhahiri Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan, Ruler’s Representative in Al Ain, 1946-66. Wilfred Thesiger/Copyright Pitt Rivers Museum, University of Oxford. 4 5 Reflections on the Social History of Al Muwaij’ei Oasis in the Mid-20th Century View of a crowd of people standing on a small dune in front of Al Muwai’jei fort in Al Ain. This image was taken between December 20, 1948, and January 27, 1949, when Wilfred Thesiger stayed with Sheikh Zayed in Al Ain. Wilfred Thesiger/Copyright Pitt Rivers Museum, University of Oxford. Muwai’jei Fort during Sheikh Zayed’s tenure as the Ruler’s Representative in Al Ain. Settlement and agricultural activity Archaeological excavations undertaken in the area of Qasr (“palace”) Al-Muwaij’ei, prove that the roots of the Muwaij’ei settlement go back to the 17th and 18th centuries. However, Islamic era potteries dating from the 16th to the 18th centuries provide limited evidence of agricultural activities1. Accredited sources indicate that until 4 5 Shamsa Mohamed Al-Dhahiri the second decade of the 20th century, Muwaij’ei was uninhabited2 and that the credit goes to Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed I for establishing a settlement there after he acquired possession of vast palm tree plantations there, and in the 1920s, built a palace which is now known as Muwaij’ei Fort or Palace. Thus, Muwaij’ei became a permanent residence, not just a summer resort for the Sheikh and his followers3. Palm tree plantations in Al Muwai’jei. Agriculture was the main occupation in the Muwaij’ei Oasis; it started long before settlers and owners of arable land began to practice farming and build houses there. Agriculture was simple and nature-oriented; i.e. as much as the climate and the soil permitted. It was divided into two main sections: The permanent farming of date palms; and the seasonal cultivation of certain crops. Historically, date palm cultivation and nurturing received the greatest attention as this activity constituted the core and crux of the local economy. The palm tree provided not only food, but also building materials. Dates are a rich source of energy. Date varieties, especially in Muwaij’ei, were among the best, thanks to the efforts of Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed I who fetched such varieties from Liwa on camelback and introduced them into Muwaij’ei. These varieties included debas, haiyri, barhi, lulu, khaskar and others4. It is estimated that more than 5,351 old palm trees still exist to this day5. A lady who had lived in Muwaij'ei recalls how land was assigned to the Al- Nahyan owners; she recounted that, “Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed I assigned the land south of Amid Falaj Al-Muwaij’ei to the sons of Sheikh Sultan Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan, and the land north of Amid Al-Falaj to the sons of Sheikh Mohamed Bin Khalifa Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan. Thus, the Falaj (underground water channel) was divided6. 6 7 Reflections on the Social History of Al Muwaij’ei Oasis in the Mid-20th Century Wheat spikelets and Falaj Al-Muwaij’ei The land of Muwaij’ei has also allowed the cultivation of other crops including fruits (such as grapes, figs, pomegranates, lemon and mango), as well as vegetables (such as okra, tomato, beans, onions, eggplants, and cucumber). Clover was next to palms both in importance and space, considering that both the climate and the soil favored its cultivation7. Additionally, grains, such as wheat, were grown in the spring and harvest time was accompanied with a feast. A resident of the area described how “vast areas were cultivated with wheat; as palm trees needed but little irrigation when the weather became mild, Falaj Al-Muwaij'ei canals used to be diverted from the west of the palace to irrigate the wheat-cultivated areas. Those areas extended from the west of the Muwaij’ei Palace southwards to the Muwaij’ei date palm plantations. Such farms were not the sole property of the Al-Nahyan family; they were mostly owned by citizens of Al-Ain’s different oases who used to come over to cultivate wheat in Muwaij’ei. We belong to Al-Mo’tarid Oasis, but our family had its share of land there equal to 15 square meters. For harvesting purposes, a huge platform used to be erected nearby, and when the day came, it was cleaned and prepared to receive the wheat spikelets. Thus the place became a hub and the men gathered around to ceremonially beat the spikelets while some sang and danced in circles to inspire and encourage the harvesters. Then the grains were separated from the straws. It is reported that it was Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed I who ordered the cultivation of wheat in large areas of Muwaij’ei and the distribution of plots to sons of Al-Ain”8. Muwaij’ei residents considered the aflaj as their life-line. 6 7 Shamsa Mohamed Al-Dhahiri Undoubtedly, Muwaij’ei residents considered the aflaj as their very life line; for without these water resources, they would have fallen apart and the green patch of land would have disappeared, rendering the region a barren desert. Opinions differ as to the time of building of the Muwaij’ei falaj. Some suggest that it was Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed I (1855-1909) who ordered the widening of that falaj, that took nearly two years to be accomplished. This indicates that the falaj was already in existence in the 19th century. Others say that it was Sheikh Sultan Bin Zayed I (1922-1926) who ordered its drilling in his reign, an endeavor that actually took two years9.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • QATAR V. BAHRAIN) REPLY of the STATE of QATAR ______TABLE of CONTENTS PART I - INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I - GENERAL 1 Section 1
    CASE CONCERNING MARITIME DELIMITATION AND TERRITORIAL QUESTIONS BETWEEN QATAR AND BAHRAIN (QATAR V. BAHRAIN) REPLY OF THE STATE OF QATAR _____________________________________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS PART I - INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I - GENERAL 1 Section 1. Qatar's Case and Structure of Qatar's Reply Section 2. Deficiencies in Bahrain's Written Pleadings Section 3. Bahrain's Continuing Violations of the Status Quo PART II - THE GEOGRAPHICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND CHAPTER II - THE TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY OF QATAR Section 1. The Overall Geographical Context Section 2. The Emergence of the Al-Thani as a Political Force in Qatar Section 3. Relations between the Al-Thani and Nasir bin Mubarak Section 4. The 1913 and 1914 Conventions Section 5. The 1916 Treaty Section 6. Al-Thani Authority throughout the Peninsula of Qatar was consolidated long before the 1930s Section 7. The Map Evidence CHAPTER III - THE EXTENT OF THE TERRITORY OF BAHRAIN Section 1. Bahrain from 1783 to 1868 Section 2. Bahrain after 1868 PART III - THE HAWAR ISLANDS AND OTHER TERRITORIAL QUESTIONS CHAPTER IV - THE HAWAR ISLANDS Section 1. Introduction: The Territorial Integrity of Qatar and Qatar's Sovereignty over the Hawar Islands Section 2. Proximity and Qatar's Title to the Hawar Islands Section 3. The Extensive Map Evidence supporting Qatar's Sovereignty over the Hawar Islands Section 4. The Lack of Evidence for Bahrain's Claim to have exercised Sovereignty over the Hawar Islands from the 18th Century to the Present Day Section 5. The Bahrain and Qatar Oil Concession Negotiations between 1925 and 1939 and the Events Leading to the Reversal of British Recognition of Hawar as part of Qatar Section 6.
    [Show full text]
  • The World's 500 Most Influential Muslims, 2021
    PERSONS • OF THE YEAR • The Muslim500 THE WORLD’S 500 MOST INFLUENTIAL MUSLIMS • 2021 • B The Muslim500 THE WORLD’S 500 MOST INFLUENTIAL MUSLIMS • 2021 • i The Muslim 500: The World’s 500 Most Influential Chief Editor: Prof S Abdallah Schleifer Muslims, 2021 Editor: Dr Tarek Elghawary ISBN: print: 978-9957-635-57-2 Managing Editor: Mr Aftab Ahmed e-book: 978-9957-635-56-5 Editorial Board: Dr Minwer Al-Meheid, Mr Moustafa Jordan National Library Elqabbany, and Ms Zeinab Asfour Deposit No: 2020/10/4503 Researchers: Lamya Al-Khraisha, Moustafa Elqabbany, © 2020 The Royal Islamic Strategic Studies Centre Zeinab Asfour, Noora Chahine, and M AbdulJaleal Nasreddin 20 Sa’ed Bino Road, Dabuq PO BOX 950361 Typeset by: Haji M AbdulJaleal Nasreddin Amman 11195, JORDAN www.rissc.jo All rights reserved. No part of this book may be repro- duced or utilised in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanic, including photocopying or recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Views expressed in The Muslim 500 do not necessarily reflect those of RISSC or its advisory board. Set in Garamond Premiere Pro Printed in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan Calligraphy used throughout the book provided courte- sy of www.FreeIslamicCalligraphy.com Title page Bismilla by Mothana Al-Obaydi MABDA • Contents • INTRODUCTION 1 Persons of the Year - 2021 5 A Selected Surveyof the Muslim World 7 COVID-19 Special Report: Covid-19 Comparing International Policy Effectiveness 25 THE HOUSE OF ISLAM 49 THE
    [Show full text]
  • The Cultural Sites of Al Ain (United Arab Emirates) No 1343
    Background This is a new nomination. The cultural sites of Al Ain (United Arab Emirates) Consultations ICOMOS consulted its International Scientific No 1343 Committees on Archaeological Heritage Management and on Cultural Landscapes, and several independent experts. Literature consulted (selection) Official name as proposed by the State Party The Cultural Sites of Al Ain (Hafit, Hili, Bidaa Bint Saud Al-Jabir Al-Sabah, S., Les Émirats du Golfe, histoire d'un and Oases Areas) peuple, Paris, 1980. Location Cleuziou, S., “French Archaeological Mission, 1st mission…”, Abu Dhabi Archaeology in the United Arab Émirates, vol I, 1977. Regions and districts of: Al Ain Central District, Al Jimi, Al Mutaredh, Al Mutawa’a, Al Muwaiji, Al Qattara, Bidaa Bint Cleuziou, S., et al., Essays on the late prehistory of the Arabian peninsula, Rome, 2002. Saud, Falaj Hazza, Hili, Jebel Hafit, Sanaiya and Shiab Al Ashkar Méry, S., Fine Wadi Suq Ware from Hili and Shimal Sites United Arab Emirates (United Arab Emirates): A Technological and Provenience Analysis, 1987. Brief description The various sites of Al Ain and its neighbouring region Said Al-Jahwari, N., “The agricultural basis of Umm an-Nar provide testimony to very ancient sedentary human society in the northern Oman peninsula (2500–2000 BC)”, occupation in a desert region. Occupied continuously Arabian Archaeology and Epigraphy, 20-2, 2009. since the Neolithic, the region presents vestiges of Technical Evaluation Mission numerous protohistoric cultures, notably from the Bronze An ICOMOS technical evaluation mission visited the Age and the Iron Age. Very diverse in nature, these property from 11 to 16 October 2010.
    [Show full text]
  • So Close, So Far. National Identity and Political Legitimacy in UAE-Oman Border Cities
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Open Research Exeter So Close, So Far. National Identity and Political Legitimacy in UAE-Oman Border Cities Marc VALERI University of Exeter This manuscript is the version revised after peer-review and accepted for publication. This manuscript has been published and is available in Geopolitics: Date of publication: 26 December 2017 DOI: 10.1080/14650045.2017.1410794 Webpage: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14650045.2017.1410794 1 Introduction Oman-United Arab Emirates border, Thursday 5 May 2016 early morning. As it has been the case for years on long weekends and holidays, endless queues of cars from Oman are waiting to cross the border in order to flock to Dubai for Isra’ and Miraj break 1 and enjoy attractions and entertainment that their country does not seem to offer. Major traffic congestions are taking place in the Omani city of al-Buraymi separated from the contiguous United Arab Emirates city of al-Ayn by the international border. Many border cities are contiguous urban areas which have been ‘dependent on the border for [their] existence’ or even ‘came into existence because of the border’. 2 Usually once military outposts (Eilat/Aqaba, on the Israel-Jordan border 3), they developed on either side of a long established border (Niagara Falls cities, on the Canada-USA border) after a border had been drawn (Tornio, on the Sweden-Finland border; 4 cities on the Mexico-USA and China- Russia 5 borders). Furthermore, split-up cities which were partitioned after World War II, including in Central Europe (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Suddensuccession
    SUDDEN SUCCESSION Examining the Impact of Abrupt Change in the Middle East SIMON HENDERSON KRISTIAN C. ULRICHSEN EDITORS MbZ and the Future Leadership of the United Arab Emirates IN PRACTICE, Sheikh Muhammad bin Zayed al-Nahyan, the crown prince of Abu Dhabi, is already the political leader of the United Arab Emirates, even though the federation’s president, and Abu Dhabi’s leader, is his elder half-brother Sheikh Khalifa. This study examines leadership in the UAE and what might happen if, for whatever reason, Sheikh Muham- mad, widely known as MbZ, does not become either the ruler of Abu Dhabi or president of the UAE. THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY ■ POLICY NOTE 65 ■ JULY 2019 SUDDEN SUCCESSION: UAE RAS AL-KHAIMAH UMM AL-QUWAIN AJMAN SHARJAH DUBAI FUJAIRAH ABU DHABI ©1995 Central Intelligence Agency. Used by permission of the University of Texas Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin. Formation of the UAE moniker that persisted until 1853, when Britain and regional sheikhs signed the Treaty of Maritime Peace The UAE was created in November 1971 as a fed- in Perpetuity and subsequent accords that handed eration of six emirates—Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, responsibility for conduct of the region’s foreign rela- Fujairah, Ajman, and Umm al-Quwain. A seventh— tions to Britain. When about a century later, in 1968, Ras al-Khaimah—joined in February 1972 (see table Britain withdrew its presence from areas east of the 1). The UAE’s two founding leaders were Sheikh Suez Canal, it initially proposed a confederation that Zayed bin Sultan al-Nahyan (1918–2004), the ruler would include today’s UAE as well as Qatar and of Abu Dhabi, and Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed al-Mak- Bahrain, but these latter two entities opted for com- toum (1912–90), the ruler of Dubai.
    [Show full text]
  • Representing Regions Sheikha Hoor Al- Qasimi in Conversation with Stephanie Bailey
    Platform 005 Interview Representing Regions Sheikha Hoor Al- Qasimi in conversation with Stephanie Bailey Sheikha Hoor Al-Qasimi grew up with the Sharjah Biennial. She was thirteen when it was conceived (in 1993) and remembers the first editions being held in the Expo Centre. When she graduated from the Slade School of Art in 2002, she travelled to Germany and chanced upon Okwui Enwezor’s 2002 Documenta 11. For her, it was a moment she realised what art could do, joining the Sharjah Biennial committee soon after. In 2003, Al-Qasimi co-curated Sharjah Biennial 6 alongside Peter Lewis – an event that saw the biennial move into its current location, the arts and heritage areas. Then, in Sara Ramo, The Garden From Free Zone, 2013, site- specific, installation, varied objects found inside the building and basement of the Culture Department located in the Free Zone of Sharjah, 333 m2. Courtesy of the artist and Galeria Fortes Vilaca, Sao Paulo. Commissioned by Sharjah Art Foundation. Image courtesy of Sharjah Art Foundation. http://www.ibraaz.org/interviews/77 2009, the Sharjah Art Foundation (of which Al-Qasimi is president), was established to manage the biennial and develop contemporary art in Sharjah and the region through endeavours including the annual March Meetings and an active exhibition and educational programme. This interview explores the issues surrounding the Sharjah Biennial, one of the region’s oldest and most progressive biennials. Stephanie Bailey: The cultural events produced by the Sharjah Art Foundation – namely, the Sharjah Biennial and annual March Meetings – have been embedded in the issues of developing and supporting contemporary art from in and around the Gulf and Arab regions and beyond.
    [Show full text]
  • Innovating Irrigation Technologies –
    Innovating irrigation technologies – Four communities in the Southeastern Arabian Iron Age II 1 Sources of pictures (clockwise): Picture 1: Al-Tikriti 2010, 231 Picture 2: Cordoba and Del Cerro 2018, 95 Picture 3 : Charbonnier et al. 2017, 18 Picture 4: Map created by Anna Lipp, © WAJAP (www.wajap.nl) Contact details: Anna Lipp Hoge Rijndijk 94L 2313 KL Leiden [email protected] 0049 172 762 9184 2 Innovating irrigation technologies - Four communities in the Southeastern Arabian Iron Age II Innovating irrigation technologies. Four communities in the Southeastern Arabian Iron Age II. Anna Lipp MA Thesis Course and course code: MA thesis Archaeology, 4ARX-0910ARCH Supervisor: Dr. Bleda S. Düring Archaeology of the Near East University of Leiden, Faculty of Archaeology Leiden, 12.6.2019 final version 3 Table of contents Acknowlegdements p.4 Glossary p.5 I. Introduction and research questions p.6 II. Region and cultural history p.9 II.1 Geology p.9 II.2 Paleoclimate on the Arabian Peninsula p.11 II.3 Early Arabian Archaeology p.12 II.4 Iron Age Chronologies p.12 II.5 Settlement boom p.15 II.6 Settlement outlines p.18 II.7 Houses p.19 II.8 Columned rooms p.20 II.9 Subsistence activities and trade p.22 II.10 Pottery p.24 III. Theory and examples of irrigation systems, debates in Arabian Archaeology and methodology p.28 III.1 Theoretical approaches to irrigation p.28 III.2 Groundwater irrigation: wells for irrigation purposes p.30 III.3 Qanat-type falaj systems p.34 III.4 Gharrag falaj p.35 III.5 Ground- or surface water irrigation: Runoff irrigation p.36 III.6 Transporting water: mills p.37 III.7 Collecting water: cisterns p.39 III.8 Debates in Arabian Archaeology p.40 III.9 Methodology p.44 IV.
    [Show full text]
  • Rentierism and Political Culture in the United Arab Emirates the Case of Uaeu Students
    RENTIERISM AND POLITICAL CULTURE IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES THE CASE OF UAEU STUDENTS Submitted by Marta Saldaña Martín, to the University of Exeter as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Middle East Politics, June 2014. (Under dual supervision with Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) Supervisors: Dr. Marc Valeri & Dr. Ana I. Planet Contreras This dissertation is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this dissertation which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. (Signature)………………………………………………. 1 Abstract This dissertation discusses United Arab Emirates (UAE) state-society relations in historical perspective; analyses qualitatively the Emirati political culture; examines how the latter affects governmental policies in the UAE; and evaluates both qualitatively and quantitatively the political orientations and values of the Emirati educated youth. Through a discussion of existing theoretical and conceptual approaches, and the observation of the UAE case study, it argues that an important and overlooked dimension among students of state-society relations in authoritarian rentier states is citizens’ political culture, which should nonetheless be examined within a more integrative framework of analysis. Accordingly, this study employs a refined version of the holistic ‘state-in-society’ approach (Kamrava, 2008), in combination with rentier state theory (RST) and the political culture perspective (Almond & Verba, 1963), to qualitatively discuss the general Emirati political culture (agency/input), and assess how the latter affects governmental performance/policies (output); and to evaluate, both qualitatively and quantitatively, the political culture of the educated Emirati youth as the main potential supporters or opponents (agency/input) of the ruling elite.
    [Show full text]
  • Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan
    2 SHEIKH SHAKHBUT AND THE GREAT DECLINE Inheriting a powerful and prosperous sheikhdom, hegemony over their neighbours, and a strong relationship with their British protec- tors, the children and grandchildren of Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa Al- Nahyan nonetheless dragged Abu Dhabi into a mire of internal discord, poverty, and isolation. Their capital, which began the twenti- eth century as the most populous settlement in the lower Gulf, soon descended into obscurity and what had once been a thriving economy became an increasingly marginalized backwater. Decades of successful expansionism were coming undone as the ruling family’s authority shrank so much that it commanded little authority beyond the most historic of its ancestral homes. By the mid-1960s, long after their more progressive and commercially-minded Bani Yas relatives in Dubai and the Qawasim of Sharjah had assumed leading roles in regional affairs, residents of Abu Dhabi found themselves on the side- lines of both important Gulf-wide political developments and a massive economic boom prompted by the discovery and exploitation of some of the world’s largest oil reserves. In some ways, the sheikh- dom’s economic downswing was inevitable given the precariousness of its pearling industry and the impact of international recession. But even with the arrival of oil wealth little improved, as the Al-Nahyan still lacked a forward-thinking leader capable of harnessing the new economic opportunities and overcoming the factionalism that threat- ened to tear the monarchy apart. 25 ABU DHABI The early successions The many wives of Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa Al-Nahyan—most of whom hailed from different Bani Yas sections or different tribes— underpinned the strength of his rule and the stability of Abu Dhabi during the nineteenth century.
    [Show full text]
  • Settlement Intensification in Late Prehistoric Southeastern Arabia Peter Magee Bryn Mawr College, [email protected]
    Bryn Mawr College Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology Faculty Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology Research and Scholarship 2007 Beyond the Desert and the Sown: Settlement Intensification in Late Prehistoric Southeastern Arabia Peter Magee Bryn Mawr College, [email protected] Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy . Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.brynmawr.edu/arch_pubs Part of the Classical Archaeology and Art History Commons, and the Other History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Custom Citation Magee, Peter. 2007. Beyond the Desert and the Sown: Settlement Intensification in Late Prehistoric Southeastern Arabia. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 347:83-105. This paper is posted at Scholarship, Research, and Creative Work at Bryn Mawr College. http://repository.brynmawr.edu/arch_pubs/146 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Beyond the Desert and the Sown: Settlement Intensification in Late Prehistoric Southeastern Arabia Peter Magee Department of Classical and Near Eastern Archaeology Bryn Mawr College Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 [email protected] Arabia lies outside the focus of most archaeologists working in western Asia and is considered to have been a periphery in the past and therefore peripheral to contem porary research interests. The reasons for this include generalized assumptions about a human-environmental dynamics and belief in the necessity of foreign intervention two as a spur for innovation and change in arid environments. In this paper, these a assumptions are examined, and case study from southeastern Arabia is presented which details evidence for indigenous adaptation and a concomitant emergence of B.c.
    [Show full text]
  • UAE-Oman 2020V2
    Dubai, Oman, Sharjah and Abu Dhabi March 14-24 2020 Depart US/Canada March 14 2020 Depart Dubai March 24 2020 Price $ 3999 Single: $695 Deposit: $600 of which $350 non refundable. Limited singles available. Welcome to some of the most fabulous scenery and architecture in the world. This is our second trip to the United Arab Emirates and Oman. From desert castles to ultra modern museums, this is a special departure for women who love new destinations. Flights from many cities are direct to Dubai. Weather is ideal. We combine Bedouins, souks, museums, camels, markets, gold, wadis to make the trip you will talk about forever. Canadians + US nationals visa available on arrival into the UAE and Oman. Suggested flights for Group Transfer: JFK-DXB Emirates Flight 2 Departing March 14 10:40AM Arriving Dubai 8:10AM March 15. If your flight arrives at night, book a pre tour night and a private transfer. Or overnight at JFK and take the Emirates flight above. DXB-JFK Emirates Flights 1 or 3 Leaving Dubai March 24 8:30AM/9:10AM. Arriving JFK at 1:55PM/7PM same day Notes: we include 2 meals daily except for one day; some are in our hotels because we are either in remote areas or we will have a day of traveling. March 15 (B, L, D) Arrival Dubai International Airport. Meet, greet and assist by our guide, outside the airport. Transfer to hotel. (Rooms will be booked from previous night for immediate check in) During the transfer, our guide will brief us about our trip.
    [Show full text]
  • Planning Abu Dhabi: from Arish Village to a Global, Sustainable, Arab Capital City by Alamira Reem Bani Hashim a Dissertation S
    Planning Abu Dhabi: From Arish Village to a Global, Sustainable, Arab Capital City By Alamira Reem Bani Hashim A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in City and Regional Planning in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Elizabeth S. Macdonald, Chair Professor Michael Southworth Professor Greig Crysler Summer 2015 © Alamira Reem Bani Hashim Abstract Planning Abu Dhabi: From Arish Village to a Global, Sustainable Arab Capital City by Alamira Reem Bani Hashim Doctor of Philosophy in City and Regional Planning University of California, Berkeley Professor Elizabeth S. Macdonald, Chair The overarching objective of this research project is to explore and document the urban history of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. It is organized as a comparative study of urban planning and design processes in Abu Dhabi during three major periods of the city’s development following the discovery of oil: (1) 1960-1966: Sheikh Shakhbut Bin Sultan Al Nahyan’s rule (2) 1966-2004: Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan’s rule; and (3) 2004-2013: Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan’s rule. The intention of this study is to go beyond a typical historical narrative of sleepy village-turned-metropolis, to compare and contrast the different visions of each ruler and his approach to development; to investigate the role and influence of a complex network of actors, including planning institutions, architects, developers, construction companies and various government agencies; to examine the emergence and use of comprehensive development plans and the policies and values underlying them; as well as to understand the decision-making processes and design philosophies informing urban planning, in relation to the political and economic context of each period.
    [Show full text]