DOCSLIB.ORG

A Field Guide to Insects and Diseases of California Oaks

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Field Guide to Insects and Diseases of California Oaks United States Department of Agriculture A Field Guide Forest Service to Insects and Pacific Southwest Research Station Diseases of General Technical Report PSW-GTR-197 California Oaks July 2006 Tedmund J. Swiecki Elizabeth A. Bernhardt cm 18 17 The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis 16 of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental 15 status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an 14 individual’s income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) 13 Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, 12 audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint 11 of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, 10 D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider 9 and employer. 8 7 6 Citation: Swiecki, Tedmund J. and Bernhardt, Elizabeth A. 2006. A field guide to insects and diseases of 5 California oaks. Gen. Tech Rep. PSW-GTR-197. Albany, CA: Pacific Southwest Research Station, Forest Service, 4 U.S. Department of Agriculture, 151 p. 3 Author information: Tedmund J. Swiecki and Elizabeth A. Bernhardt are plant pathologists and principals of 2 Phytosphere Research, 1027 Davis Street, Vacaville, CA 95687 (Email address: [email protected]) 1 0 mm A Field Guide to Insects and Diseases of California Oaks Tedmund J. Swiecki Elizabeth A. Bernhardt Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank the following persons for their review of material included in the manuscript: David Adams, California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, retired; L.E. Ehler, Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis; Deborah Ellis, Consulting Arborist and Horticulturist; Susan J. Frankel, USDA-Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station; James D. MacDonald, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis; Don Owen, California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection; Katie Palmieri, California Oak Mortality Task Force; David Rizzo, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis; Steve Seybold, USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station; and Sheri Smith, USDA-Forest Service, Forest Health Protection. The authors thank John Muir Laws (California Academy of Sciences) for the use of his original illustrations. His work is supported by the Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund. We also thank the following persons and organizations for providing photographs: Larry G. Bezark, California Department of Food and Agriculture; Robert Campbell, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, retired; Jack Kelly Clark, University of California Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program; Larry Costello, University of California Cooperative Extension (UCCE); Bruce Hagen, California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CDF); Robert S. Kelley, Vermont Department of Forests, Parks and Recreation; T.W. Davis and California Academy of Sciences; Edward E. Gripp, Landscape Architect; Steve Koike, UCCE; Don Owen, CDF; Steve Tjosvold, UCCE; John A. Weidhass, Virginia Tech; Allison Wickland, Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis; and www.forestryimages.org. Photographs without a specific photo credit and the photo-based illustrations are by the authors. The photographs and illustrations reproduced in this publication are under copyright by the photographers or illustrators and may not be reproduced in any form without obtaining permission in writing from them. Layout and design by Janice Alexander, University of California Cooperative Extension and the California Oak Mortality Task Force. Support for this publication was provided by the US Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection. Contents 5 Introduction Insects and Mites Acorn feeders 10 Filbert weevils (Curculio aurivestis, C. occidentis, C. pardus) 12 Filbertworm (Cydia latiferreana) General foliar feeders 14 California oakworm, California oakmoth (Phryganidia californica) 16 Fruit tree leafroller (Archips argyrospila) 18 Oak ribbed casemaker (Bucculatrix albertiella) 20 Tent caterpillars: Western tent caterpillar (Malacosoma californicum); Pacific tent caterpillar (M. constictum); Forest tent caterpillar (M. disstria) 24 Western tussock moth (Orgyia vetusta) Gall formers 26 Erineum mite (Eriophyes mackiei) 28 Gall wasps (family Cynipidae) Sap feeders 32 Kuwana oak scale (Kuwania quercus) 34 Oak leaf phylloxera (Phylloxera spp.) 36 Oak lecanium scale (Parthenolecanium quercifex) 38 Obscure scale (Melanaspis obscura) 40 Pit scales: Oak pit scale (Asterolecanium minus, A. quercicola); Golden oak scale (A. variolosum) 42 Treehoppers (Platycotis vittata, P. vittata quadrivittata) Contents 1 44 Whiteflies: Crown whitefly (Aleuroplatus coronatus); Gelatinous whitefly (A. gelatinosus); Stanford’s whitefly Tetraleurodes( stanfordi) 46 Woolly oak aphids (Stegophylla querci, S. quercifoliae; S. essigi) Twig borers 48 Oak twig borer (Styloxus fulleri californicus) 49 Other twig borers (Aneflomorpha lineare, Scobicia suturalis) 50 Oak twig girdler (Agrilus angelicus) Bark and wood boring insects 52 Ambrosia beetles (Monarthrum dentiger, M. scutellare) 56 Bark beetles: Western oak bark beetle (Pseudopityophthorus pubipennis); Oak bark beetles (P. agrifoliae, P. pruinosus) 60 Carpenterworm (Prionoxystus robiniae) 62 Flatheaded borers/Metallic wood boring beetles: Flatheaded appletree borer (Chrysobothris femorata); Pacific flatheaded borerChrysobothris ( mali) 64 Lead cable borer (Scobicia declivis) 65 Pigeon tremex (Tremex columba) 66 Roundheaded borers/Long-horned beetles: California prionus (Prionus californicus); Banded alder borer, California laurel borer (Rosalia funebris); Nautical borer (Xylotrechus nauticus); Neoclytus conjunctus 70 Western sycamore borer (Synanthedon resplendens) 2 A Field Guide to Insects and Diseases of California Oaks Diseases Acorn diseases 72 Drippy nut (Brenneria quercina) Diseases affecting leaves and twigs 74 Early defoliation/leaf browning/drought stress 76 Oak anthracnose, twig blight, and leaf spots: Apiognomonia errabunda (= Discula umbrinella), Cryptocline cinerescens, Septoria quercicola, and other fungi 80 Oak leaf blister (Taphrina caerulescens) 82 Powdery mildews: Brasiliomyces trina, Cystotheca lanestris, Microsphaera extensa curta, Microsphaera penicillata (wide sense), Phyllactinia angulata Branch diseases 88 Branch canker (Diplodia quercina) 90 Orange hobnail canker (Cryphonectria gyrosa=Endothia gyrosa) 92 Oak mistletoe (Phoradendron villosum) Diseases affecting branches and trunks 96 Canker rots (Inonotus andersonii, I. dryophilus) 100 Hedgehog fungus (Hericium erinaceus f. erinaceus) 102 Hypoxylon thouarsianum 106 Sulfur fungus (Laetiporus gilbertsonii=L. sulphureus) 110 Other wood decay fungi affecting branches and trunk (Phellinus gilvus, Phellinus robustus=Fomitiporia robusta) 112 Sudden oak death, Phytophthora ramorum canker; Phytophthora stem canker (P. nemorosa, P. pseudosyringae) 118 Sunscald 120 Wetwood and alcoholic flux Contents 3 Root diseases 124 Armillaria root rot, oak root fungus (Armillaria mellea) 128 Ganoderma root rot (Ganoderma applanatum, G. brownii, G. lucidum) 132 Phytophthora root rot (Phytophthora cinnamomi and other Phytophthora species) 136 Weeping conk (Inonotus dryadeus) 137 Western jack o’lantern fungus (Omphalotus olivascens) 138 Glossary 143 List of plants 146 References 149 Index 4 A Field Guide to Insects and Diseases of California Oaks Introduction California has more than twenty-five native species, natural hybrids, and varieties of oaks (Quercus species). The form of these oaks ranges from large trees, up to about 25 m tall, to shrubs no taller than about 1.5 m. California’s native oaks include representatives of three oak subgroups or subgenera (Table 1). Hybridization only occurs between oaks in the same subgroup. In addition, some insects, pathogens, and other agents may selectively colonize or damage oaks in certain subgroups. Table 1—Scientific and common names of California native oaks by subgroup. Subgroup Species Common name Common (subgenus) form1 White oaks Q. douglasii blue oak tree (Quercus or Q. engelmannii Engelmann oak tree Lepidobalanus) Q. garryana Oregon white oak tree Q. lobata valley oak tree Q. berberidifolia scrub oak shrub Q. cornelius-mulleri Muller oak shrub Q. dumosa Nuttall’s scrub oak shrub Q. durata leather oak shrub Q. john-tuckeri Tucker’s oak shrub Q. sadleriana deer oak shrub Q. turbinella desert scrub oak shrub Red/black oaks Q. agrifolia coast live oak tree (Lobatae or Q. kelloggii California black oak tree Erythrobalanus) Q. parvula var. shrevei Shreve oak tree Q. wislizeni2 interior live oak tree Intermediate oaks Q. chrysolepis canyon live oak tree (Protobalanus) Q. tomentella island oak tree Q. vacciniifolia huckleberry oak shrub 1 Some of the species have both tree and shrub forms. 2 This species was formerly spelled Q. wislizenii. Introduction 5 As of the early 1990’s, oak woodlands and forest types dominated by oak trees covered about 3.6 million hectares in California, or roughly 8.9 percent of the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Assessment of Forest Pests and Diseases in Protected Areas of Georgia Final Report
    Assessment of Forest Pests and Diseases in Protected Areas of Georgia Final report Dr. Iryna Matsiakh Tbilisi 2014 This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union. The content, findings, interpretations, and conclusions of this publication are the sole responsibility of the FLEG II (ENPI East) Programme Team (www.enpi-fleg.org) and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. The views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of the Implementing Organizations. CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES ............................................................................................................................. 3 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................................... 6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................................. 7 Background information ...................................................................................................................................... 7 Literature review ...................................................................................................................................................... 7 Methodology ................................................................................................................................................................. 8 Results and Discussion ..........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Structure of Cynipid Oak Galls: Patterns in the Evolution of an Extended Phenotype
    The structure of cynipid oak galls: patterns in the evolution of an extended phenotype Graham N. Stone1* and James M. Cook2 1Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK ([email protected]) 2Department of Biology, Imperial College, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, UK Galls are highly specialized plant tissues whose development is induced by another organism. The most complex and diverse galls are those induced on oak trees by gallwasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cyni- pini), each species inducing a characteristic gall structure. Debate continues over the possible adaptive signi¢cance of gall structural traits; some protect the gall inducer from attack by natural enemies, although the adaptive signi¢cance of others remains undemonstrated. Several gall traits are shared by groups of oak gallwasp species. It remains unknown whether shared traits represent (i) limited divergence from a shared ancestral gall form, or (ii) multiple cases of independent evolution. Here we map gall character states onto a molecular phylogeny of the oak cynipid genus Andricus, and demonstrate three features of the evolution of gall structure: (i) closely related species generally induce galls of similar structure; (ii) despite this general pattern, closely related species can induce markedly di¡erent galls; and (iii) several gall traits (the presence of many larval chambers in a single gall structure, surface resins, surface spines and internal air spaces) of demonstrated or suggested adaptive value to the gallwasp have evolved repeatedly. We discuss these results in the light of existing hypotheses on the adaptive signi¢cance of gall structure. Keywords: galls; Cynipidae; enemy-free space; extended phenotype; Andricus layers of woody or spongy tissue, complex air spaces within 1.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Pupillarial Scale Insect (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) from Angophora in Coastal New South Wales, Australia
    Zootaxa 4117 (1): 085–100 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4117.1.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5C240849-6842-44B0-AD9F-DFB25038B675 A new pupillarial scale insect (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Eriococcidae) from Angophora in coastal New South Wales, Australia PENNY J. GULLAN1,3 & DOUGLAS J. WILLIAMS2 1Division of Evolution, Ecology & Genetics, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia 2The Natural History Museum, Department of Life Sciences (Entomology), London SW7 5BD, UK 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new scale insect, Aolacoccus angophorae gen. nov. and sp. nov. (Eriococcidae), is described from the bark of Ango- phora (Myrtaceae) growing in the Sydney area of New South Wales, Australia. These insects do not produce honeydew, are not ant-tended and probably feed on cortical parenchyma. The adult female is pupillarial as it is retained within the cuticle of the penultimate (second) instar. The crawlers (mobile first-instar nymphs) emerge via a flap or operculum at the posterior end of the abdomen of the second-instar exuviae. The adult and second-instar females, second-instar male and first-instar nymph, as well as salient features of the apterous adult male, are described and illustrated. The adult female of this new taxon has some morphological similarities to females of the non-pupillarial palm scale Phoenicococcus marlatti Cockerell (Phoenicococcidae), the pupillarial palm scales (Halimococcidae) and some pupillarial genera of armoured scales (Diaspididae), but is related to other Australian Myrtaceae-feeding eriococcids.
    [Show full text]
  • Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016
    Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve Management Plan 2011-2016 April 1981 Revised, May 1982 2nd revision, April 1983 3rd revision, December 1999 4th revision, May 2011 Prepared for U.S. Department of Commerce Ohio Department of Natural Resources National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Division of Wildlife Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management 2045 Morse Road, Bldg. G Estuarine Reserves Division Columbus, Ohio 1305 East West Highway 43229-6693 Silver Spring, MD 20910 This management plan has been developed in accordance with NOAA regulations, including all provisions for public involvement. It is consistent with the congressional intent of Section 315 of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, and the provisions of the Ohio Coastal Management Program. OWC NERR Management Plan, 2011 - 2016 Acknowledgements This management plan was prepared by the staff and Advisory Council of the Old Woman Creek National Estuarine Research Reserve (OWC NERR), in collaboration with the Ohio Department of Natural Resources-Division of Wildlife. Participants in the planning process included: Manager, Frank Lopez; Research Coordinator, Dr. David Klarer; Coastal Training Program Coordinator, Heather Elmer; Education Coordinator, Ann Keefe; Education Specialist Phoebe Van Zoest; and Office Assistant, Gloria Pasterak. Other Reserve staff including Dick Boyer and Marje Bernhardt contributed their expertise to numerous planning meetings. The Reserve is grateful for the input and recommendations provided by members of the Old Woman Creek NERR Advisory Council. The Reserve is appreciative of the review, guidance, and council of Division of Wildlife Executive Administrator Dave Scott and the mapping expertise of Keith Lott and the late Steve Barry.
    [Show full text]
  • National Oak Gall Wasp Survey
    ational Oak Gall Wasp Survey – mapping with parabiologists in Finland Bess Hardwick Table of Contents 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 2 1.1. Parabiologists in data collecting ............................................................................. 2 1.2. Oak cynipid gall wasps .......................................................................................... 3 1.3. Motivations and objectives .................................................................................... 4 2. Material and methods ................................................................................................ 5 2.1. The volunteers ........................................................................................................ 5 2.2. Sampling ................................................................................................................. 6 2.3. Processing of samples ............................................................................................ 7 2.4. Data selection ........................................................................................................ 7 2.5. Statistical analyses ................................................................................................. 9 3. Results ....................................................................................................................... 10 3.1. Sampling success .................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Producing Sea Buckthorn of High Quality
    Natural resources and bioeconomy studies 31/2015 Producing Sea Buckthorn of High Quality Proceedings of the 3rd European Workshop on Sea Buckthorn EuroWorkS2014 Naantali, Finland, October 14-16, 2014 Kauppinen Sanna, Petruneva Ekaterina (Eds.) Natural resources and bioeconomy studies 31/2015 Producing Sea Buckthorn of High Quality Proceedings of the 3rd European Workshop on Sea Buckthorn EuroWorkS2014 Naantali, Finland October 14-16, 2014 Kauppinen Sanna, Petruneva Ekaterina (Eds.) Natural Resources Institute Finland, Helsinki 2015 ISBN: 978-952-326-035-1 (Online) ISSN 2342-7647 (Online) URN: http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-326-035-1 Copyright: Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) Authors: Kauppinen Sanna, Petruneva Ekaterina (Eds.) Publisher: Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Helsinki 2015 Year of publication: 2015 Cover photo: Sanna Kauppinen Natural resources and bioeconomy studies 31/2015 Preface Producing sea buckthorn of high quality asks skills and knowledge in every step of the food chain from the field to the consumer. The 3rd European Workshop on Sea Buckthorn (EuroWorkS2014) was held in Naantali, Finland on 14th to 16th of October 2014 under the theme “Producing Sea Buckthorn of High Quality”. Conference concentrated on three topics that were recognized to be current under the theme: sea buckthorn fly, cultivation technology and standardization of sea buckthorn. A special attention was paid to sea buckthorn fly because of its rapid and destructive invasion to Europe. Protective measurements need to be studied fast to get this new pest under control. Also long-term strategies are needed in order to continue efficient berry production, also without pesti- cides. Dr. Ljubov Shamanskaja has a long research experience with sea buckthorn fly in Barnaul, Rus- sia, where the fly has been a problem over 20 years.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Systematics of the Marine Dothideomycetes
    available online at www.studiesinmycology.org StudieS in Mycology 64: 155–173. 2009. doi:10.3114/sim.2009.64.09 Molecular systematics of the marine Dothideomycetes S. Suetrong1, 2, C.L. Schoch3, J.W. Spatafora4, J. Kohlmeyer5, B. Volkmann-Kohlmeyer5, J. Sakayaroj2, S. Phongpaichit1, K. Tanaka6, K. Hirayama6 and E.B.G. Jones2* 1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand; 2Bioresources Technology Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Paholyothin Road, Khlong 1, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand; 3National Center for Biothechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, 45 Center Drive, MSC 6510, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-6510, U.S.A.; 4Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 97331, U.S.A.; 5Institute of Marine Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Morehead City, North Carolina 28557, U.S.A.; 6Faculty of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Hirosaki University, Bunkyo-cho 3, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan *Correspondence: E.B. Gareth Jones, [email protected] Abstract: Phylogenetic analyses of four nuclear genes, namely the large and small subunits of the nuclear ribosomal RNA, transcription elongation factor 1-alpha and the second largest RNA polymerase II subunit, established that the ecological group of marine bitunicate ascomycetes has representatives in the orders Capnodiales, Hysteriales, Jahnulales, Mytilinidiales, Patellariales and Pleosporales. Most of the fungi sequenced were intertidal mangrove taxa and belong to members of 12 families in the Pleosporales: Aigialaceae, Didymellaceae, Leptosphaeriaceae, Lenthitheciaceae, Lophiostomataceae, Massarinaceae, Montagnulaceae, Morosphaeriaceae, Phaeosphaeriaceae, Pleosporaceae, Testudinaceae and Trematosphaeriaceae. Two new families are described: Aigialaceae and Morosphaeriaceae, and three new genera proposed: Halomassarina, Morosphaeria and Rimora.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Species of Woody Tuberous Oak Galls from Mexico
    Dugesiana 19(2): 79-85 Fecha de publicación: 21 de diciembre 2012 © Universidad de Guadalajara A new species of woody tuberous oak galls from Mexico (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) and notes with related species Una nueva especie de agalla leñosa tuberosa en encinos de México (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) y anotaciones sobre las especies relacionadas Juli Pujade-Villar & Jordi Paretas-Martínez Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Departament de Biologia Animal, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028-Barcelona (Spain). E-mail: [email protected] (corresponding author). ABSTRACT A new species of cynipid gallwasp, Andricus tumefaciens n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini), is described from Mexico. This species induces galls on twigs of Quercus chihuahuensis Trelease, white oaks (Quercus, section Quercus s.s.). Diagnosis, full description, biology and distribution data of Andricus tumefaciens n. sp. are given. Some morphological characters are discussed and illustrated, and compared to related species (A. durangensis Beutenmüller from Mexico and A. wheeleri Beutenmüller from USA). Andricus cameroni Ashmead is considered as ‘nomen nudum’. Key words: Cynipidae, tuberous gall, Andricus, taxonomy, morphology, distribution, biology. RESUMEN Se describe de México una nueva especie de cinípido gallícola de encinos: Andricus tumefaciens n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Esta especie induce agallas en ramas de una especie de roble blanco: Quercus chihuahuensis Trelease (Quercus, sección Quercus s.s.). Se aporta una diagnosis, la descripción completa, biología y distribución de dicha nueva especie. Se ilustran y discuten los caracteres morfológicos, y se comparan con las especies relacionadas (A. durangensis Beutenmüller de México y A. wheeleri Beutenmüller de EE.UU.). Andricus cameroni Ashmead es considerada como “nomen nudum”. Palabras clave: Cynipidae, agalla tuberosa, Andricus, taxonomía, morfología, distribución, biología.
    [Show full text]
  • HOST PLANTS of SOME STERNORRHYNCHA (Phytophthires) in NETHERLANDS NEW GUINEA (Homoptera)
    Pacific Insects 4 (1) : 119-120 January 31, 1962 HOST PLANTS OF SOME STERNORRHYNCHA (Phytophthires) IN NETHERLANDS NEW GUINEA (Homoptera) By R. T. Simon Thomas DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMIC AFFAIRS, HOLLANDIA In this paper, I list 15 hostplants of some Phytophthires of Netherlands New Guinea. Families, genera within the families and species within the genera are mentioned in alpha­ betical order. The genera and the specific names of the insects are printed in bold-face type, those of the plants are in italics. The locality, where the insects were found, is printed after the host plants. Then follows the date of collection and finally the name of the collector1 in parentheses. I want to acknowledge my great appreciation for the identification of the Aphididae to Mr. D. Hille Ris Lambers and of the Coccoidea to Dr. A. Reyne. Aphididae Cerataphis variabilis Hrl. Cocos nucifera Linn.: Koor, near Sorong, 26-VII-1961 (S. Th.). Longiunguis sacchari Zehntner. Andropogon sorghum Brot.: Kota Nica2 13-V-1959 (S. Th.). Toxoptera aurantii Fonsc. Citrus sp.: Kota Nica, 16-VI-1961 (S. Th.). Theobroma cacao Linn.: Kota Nica, 19-VIII-1959 (S. Th.), Amban-South, near Manokwari, 1-XII- 1960 (J. Schreurs). Toxoptera citricida Kirkaldy. Citrus sp.: Kota Nica, 16-VI-1961 (S. Th.). Schizaphis cyperi v. d. Goot, subsp, hollandiae Hille Ris Lambers (in litt.). Polytrias amaura O. K.: Hollandia, 22-V-1958 (van Leeuwen). COCCOIDEA Aleurodidae Aleurocanthus sp. Citrus sp.: Kota Nica, 16-VI-1961 (S. Th.). Asterolecaniidae Asterolecanium pustulans (Cockerell). Leucaena glauca Bth.: Kota Nica, 8-X-1960 (S. Th.). 1. My name, as collector, is mentioned thus: "S.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnoentomological and Distributional Notes on Cerambycidae and Other Coleoptera of Guerrero and Puebla,Mexico
    The Coleopterists Bulletin, 71(2): 301–314. 2017. ETHNOENTOMOLOGICAL AND DISTRIBUTIONAL NOTES ON CERAMBYCIDAE AND OTHER COLEOPTERA OF GUERRERO AND PUEBLA,MEXICO JONATHAN D. AMITH Research Affiliate, Department of Anthropology, Gettysburg College, Campus Box 2895, Gettysburg, PA 17325, U.S.A. and Research Associate, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, U.S.A. AND STEVEN W. LINGAFELTER Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution,Washington, DC 20013-7012, U.S.A. Current address: 8920 South Bryerly Ct., Hereford, AZ 85615, U.S.A. ABSTRACT This article presents both ethnoentomological notes on Nahuatl and Mixtec language terms as they are applied to Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) and distributional records for species collected during three projects carried out in the states of Guerrero and Puebla, Mexico. Some comparative data from other Mesoamerican and Native American languages are discussed. Indigenous common names are mapped onto current taxonomic nomenclature, and an analysis is offered of the logical basis for Indigenous classification: the exclusion of some cerambycids and the inclusion of other beetles in the nominal native “cerambycid” category. New state distributional records for the Cerambycidae collected in this study are offered for Guerrero: Bebelis picta Pascoe, Callipogon senex Dupont, Neocompsa macrotricha Martins, Olenosus ser- rimanus Bates, Ornithia mexicana zapotensis Tippmann, Stenygra histrio Audinet-Serville, Strongylaspis championi Bates, Lissonotus flavocinctus puncticollis Bates, and Nothopleurus lobigenis Bates; and Puebla: Juiaparus mexicanus (Thomson), Ptychodes guttulatus Dillon and Dillon, and Steirastoma senex White. Key Words: linguistics, etymology, Nahuatl, Mixtec, longhorned beetle, wood-borer DOI.org/10.1649/0010-065X-71.2.301 The present article emerges from two language shapes.
    [Show full text]
  • Diseases of Trees in the Great Plains
    United States Department of Agriculture Diseases of Trees in the Great Plains Forest Rocky Mountain General Technical Service Research Station Report RMRS-GTR-335 November 2016 Bergdahl, Aaron D.; Hill, Alison, tech. coords. 2016. Diseases of trees in the Great Plains. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-335. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. 229 p. Abstract Hosts, distribution, symptoms and signs, disease cycle, and management strategies are described for 84 hardwood and 32 conifer diseases in 56 chapters. Color illustrations are provided to aid in accurate diagnosis. A glossary of technical terms and indexes to hosts and pathogens also are included. Keywords: Tree diseases, forest pathology, Great Plains, forest and tree health, windbreaks. Cover photos by: James A. Walla (top left), Laurie J. Stepanek (top right), David Leatherman (middle left), Aaron D. Bergdahl (middle right), James T. Blodgett (bottom left) and Laurie J. Stepanek (bottom right). To learn more about RMRS publications or search our online titles: www.fs.fed.us/rm/publications www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/ Background This technical report provides a guide to assist arborists, landowners, woody plant pest management specialists, foresters, and plant pathologists in the diagnosis and control of tree diseases encountered in the Great Plains. It contains 56 chapters on tree diseases prepared by 27 authors, and emphasizes disease situations as observed in the 10 states of the Great Plains: Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. The need for an updated tree disease guide for the Great Plains has been recog- nized for some time and an account of the history of this publication is provided here.
    [Show full text]
  • Survey of the Insect Pests from Some Orchards in the Middle of Iraq
    1 Plant Archives Vol. 20, Supplement 2, 2020 pp. 4119-4125 e-ISSN:2581-6063 (online), ISSN:0972-5210 SURVEY OF THE INSECT PESTS FROM SOME ORCHARDS IN THE MIDDLE OF IRAQ Hanaa H. Al-Saffar and Razzaq Shalan Augul Iraq Natural History Research Center & Museum, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. E-mails : [email protected], [email protected] Abstract This study designed at identifying insect pests that attack some trees and shrubs grown in the orchards in different regions, middle of Iraq. The investigation included date palm, citrus, pomegranate trees and grape shrubs. During the survey, 10 species were recorded on date palms (the most infested was Ommatissus lybicus de Bergevin, 1930, followed by Oryctes elegans Prell, 1914), four species on citrus (the most infested was Aonidiella orientalis (Newstead, 1894) followed by whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood, 1856), one species only on pomegranate ( Aphis punicae Passerini, 1863), and one species Arboridia hussaini (Ghauri, 1963) on Grapes. Given the importance of date palm trees in Iraq, the most important insect pests present and recorded in previous studies have been summarized. Also, the synonyms of the species and their geographical distribution are provided. Keywords : Iraq, Orchards, Pests, Shrubs, Survey, Trees. Introduction pomegranates, figs and grapes randomly during the period from 1 st .March to 1 st .November.2019. There are many tools The orchards in the middle of Iraq are one of the most important by farmers due to the important crops they offer in used to collect the specimens that including: nets, aspirators, the local market, such as dates, citrus fruits, pomegranate, light traps, and also by direct method using the forceps.
    [Show full text]