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COI Newsletter 04 31 Liga za ľudské práva IČO: 31807968 / DIČ: 2022095471 tel: +421-2-544 35 437 Hurbanovo nám. 5, fax: +421-2-546 42 439 811 03 Bratislava e-mail: [email protected] web: www.hrl.sk COI Newsletter 04 31. júla 2012 Financované Európskou úniou z Európskeho fondu pre návrat Solidarita pri riadení migračných tokov Vážené kolegyne a kolegovia, zasielame Vám štvrté číslo informačného COI Newslettra (COI - Country of Origin Information). Chronologicky pokrýva správy týkajúce sa bezpečnosti a stavu dodržiavania ľudských práv vo vybraných ôsmich krajinách pôvodu za obdobie od 12. júna do 23. júla 2012 . Všetky predchádzajúce čísla je možné nájsť na našej webovej stránke v časti Informácie o krajinách pôvodu > COI správy > COI Newsletter. Informácie uvedené v tomto newslettri nevyjadrujú osobné ani politické názory Ligy za ľudské práva . V prípade akýchkoľvek ďalších otázok týkajúcich sa newslettra alebo výskumu informácií o krajinách pôvodu, prípadne želaní ohľadom monitorovaných krajín alebo žiadosti o podrobnejšie rozpracovanie konkrétnych správ obsiahnutých v newslettri sa na nás neváhajte obrátiť na nižšie uvedenej e-mailovej adrese. V prípade, ak si neželáte, aby Vám bol COI Newsletter v budúcnosti zasielaný, informujte nás o tom, prosím, zaslaním správy na adresu [email protected] . S prianím príjemného prežitia dovolenkového obdobia, Katarína Dubcová (COI oddelenie Ligy za ľudské práva) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Obsah Afganistan _______________________________________________________________________ 2 Irán _____________________________________________________________________________ 4 Irak _____________________________________________________________________________ 5 Konžská demokratická republika ______________________________________________________ 7 Nigéria __________________________________________________________________________ 8 Pakistan ________________________________________________________________________ 11 Somálsko _______________________________________________________________________ 16 Sýria ___________________________________________________________________________ 17 Použité zdroje ___________________________________________________________________ 18 COI Newsletter 0 4 31. júla 2012 Strana 1 Liga za ľudské práva IČO: 31807968 / DIČ: 2022095471 tel: +421-2-544 35 437 Hurbanovo nám. 5, fax: +421-2-546 42 439 811 03 Bratislava e-mail: [email protected] web: www.hrl.sk Afganistan 1 V okrese Tagab v provincii Kapisa na východe Afganistanu prišlo pri výbuchu bomby ma miestnom bazáre o život 5 ľudí – 1 policajný veliteľ so synom, dvaja ochrankári a 1 civilista. Ďalších 17 ľudí bolo pri výbuchu zranených. 2 O tom istom útoku informuje aj správa BBC News, pričom dodáva, že v júni boli v tej istej provincii (Kapisa ) pri útoku na konvoj NATO zabití štyria francúzski vojaci a piati boli zranení. K zodpovednosti za útok na konvoj sa prihlásil Taliban , zatiaľ čo k vyššie spomínanému útoku v okrese Tagab sa zatiaľ žiadna skupina neprihlásila. 3 Pri útoku militantov prezlečených v policajných uniformách na kontrolnom stanovišti v meste Kandahár prišli o život najmenej 3 policajti a ďalších 6 bolo zranených. K útoku sa prihlásil Taliban. Militanti často útočia na vládne a vojenské ciele z južne provincie Kandahár, ktorú považujú za svoju duchovnú vlasť. Afganská vláda taktiež už zverejnila podrobnosti zabitia ôsmich civilistov, vrátane žien a detí, ku ktorému došlo 18. júna v susednej provincii Helmand . Ich malé nákladné auto narazilo na cestnú mínu. 5 ďalších osôb bolo zranených. Cestné míny alebo improvizované výbušniny sú vo veľkej miere používané Talibanom a sú zodpovedné za väčšinu úmrtí za 10 rokov konfliktu v Afganistane. 4 Vo východoafganskom meste Khost zabil samovražedný útočník 21 ľudí, vrátane troch amerických vojakov a miestneho tlmočníka. Z toho najmenej 15-imi obeťami boli civilisti. Ďalších 35 ľudí bolo zranených. Útočník riadil motorku naloženú výbušninami. Útok bol zjavne namierený na spoločné kontrolné stanovište vojsk NATO a afganských jednotiek, zriadené na ľudnatom bazári. Americká ambasáda sa vyjadrila, že útok preukázal silu Talibanu a iných povstalcov, ktorí naďalej pokračujú v ich neselektívnom vražednom ťažení proti všetkým, vrátane žien a detí. V južnej provincii Logar zabila cestná mína najmenej 6 civilistov. Juhovýchodné afganské hraničné provincie sú základňou skupiny Haqqani spriaznenej s Al-Kájdou , ktorá často útočí na americké a afganské jednotky prostredníctvo samovražedných útočníkov. Skupina stojí aj za sériou útokov v hlavnom meste Kábul . Korešpondent BBC sa vyjadril, že militanti zoskupenia Haqqani sú veľmi pravdepodobne zodpovední aj za nedávne útoky v meste Khost . 5 V meste Džalalabád sa zranili 4 ľudia pri výbuchu bomby na trhu s hudbou. Dvaja z nich následkom zranení v nemocnici podľahli. K útoku došlo deň po tom, čo militanti Talibanu zaútočili na letovisko pri jazere v blízkosti Kábulu a zabili najmenej 18 ľudí. Za nekompromisnej vlády Talibanu, ktorý bol zvrhnutý pri invázii vojsk pod vedením USA v roku 2001, bola hudba považovaná za neislamskú a zakázaná. Majitelia obchodov s hudbou v Afganistane sa obzvlášť v Džalalabáde v poslednom čase sťažovali na ohrozovanie extrémistami. Spomínaný výbuch a 12-hodinové obliehanie rodinami 1 Huffington Post: Afghanistan Bomb Kills 5, Including Police Commander, In Tagab District , 18. júna 2012 [online], http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/18/afghanistan-bomb-tagab_n_1605729.html (cit. 18.6.2012). 2 BBC News Asia: Six killed in Afghanistan Kapisa remote-controlled bomb , 18. júna 2012 [online], http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-18491007 (cit. 25.6.2012). 3 BBC News Asia: Militants kill Afghan policemen at Kandahar checkpoint , 19. júna 2012 [online], http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-18501961 (cit. 25.6.2012). 4 BBC News Asia: Afghan bombing: Three US troops among 21 dead in Khost , 20. júna 2012 [online], http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-18519284 (cit. 24.5.2012). 5 Agence France-Presse: Blast at Afghan music market, two dead: officials , 23. júna 2012 [online], navštívené cez Reliefweb: http://reliefweb.int/report/afghanistan/blast-afghan-music-market-two-dead-officials (cit. 25.6.2012). COI Newsletter 0 4 31. júla 2012 Strana 2 Liga za ľudské práva IČO: 31807968 / DIČ: 2022095471 tel: +421-2-544 35 437 Hurbanovo nám. 5, fax: +421-2-546 42 439 811 03 Bratislava e-mail: [email protected] web: www.hrl.sk obľúbeného hotela prispejú k obavám, že Taliban sa s blížiacim sa odchodom zahraničných síl z krajiny snaží o znovu zavedenie extrémneho morálneho kódexu. 130-tisícové jednotky NATO majú opustiť Afganistan do konca roka 2014 a objavujú sa obavy, že ich odchod bude znamenať oslabenie práv a slobôd vo vojnou zmietanej krajine. 6 Najmenej 35 ľudí prišlo o život pri výbuchoch cestných bômb a útokoch povstalcov v krajine v priebehu dňa, ktorý bol označený za jeden z najnásilnejších dní v krajine za posledné mesiace. Zo spomínaných 35 obetí boli 6 vojaci NATO na východe krajiny, jeden zahraničný vojak na juhu a 28 policajtov a policajt boli zabití v južných provinciách Kandahár a Helmand . 7 Traja samovražední atentátnici zabili 2 deti a ďalších 6 zranili po tom, čo ich vesty naložené výbušninami predčasne vybuchli pri pokuse zaútočiť na políciu v južnom meste Kandahár . Krátko na to zaútočila skupina militantov na policajné riaditeľstvo v Kandaháre. Traja atentátnici, ktorí zabili deti, sa pravdepodobne mali pridať k tomuto útoku, pri ktorom boli zranení šiesti ľudia. K útoku sa prihlásil Taliban . Takisto v pondelok sa samovražedný útočník na bicykli pokúsil zaútočiť na policajné vozidlo v hlavnom meste Šibirghan provincie Džouzjan na severe Afganistanu. Výbušninami naložený bicykel vybuchol pred dosiahnutím svojho cieľa. Zranil pri tom 24 civilistov a dvoch policajtov. 8 Desiatky žien demonštrovali v Kábule, aby odsúdili násilie páchané na ženách. Protest z 11. júla nasledoval po verejnej poprave mladej 22-ročnej vydatej afganskej ženy v provincii Parwan , ktorá bola obvinená z cudzoložstva . Táto poprava vyvolala celosvetové pobúrenie. Videozáznam ukazuje, ako je žena zastrelená za jasania zástupu mužov. Afganské úrady pripísali popravu povstalcom Talibanu. Taliban tvrdí, že nebol na poprave účastný a súd so ženou nebol v súlade s právom šaríje. 9 Vedúca úradu OSN, ktorého úlohou je zvyšovanie rodovej rovnosti, odsúdila nedávne násilie páchané na ženách v Afganistane a zdôraznila potrebu chrániť ich práva. Vo svojom vyhlásení uviedla, že v posledných týždňoch došlo k prípadom „extrémneho zneužívania a hrozného násilia voči ženám“, ktoré zahŕňajú mučenie a znásilnenie mladej ženy miestnou afganskou políciou a popravu mladej ženy. Poukázala zároveň na potrebu vytvoriť kultúru nulovej tolerancie násilia a diskriminácie voči ženám a dievčatám, taktiež potrebu rovnosti, vyvodzovania zodpovednosti a ukončenia beztrestnosti za násilie páchané na ženách a dievčatách. 10 V Kábule muž oblečený v uniforme afganských bezpečnostných zložiek zabil 3 civilných dodávateľov vojenskej koalície pod vedením USA. Útočník bol pri útoku zabitý. Pri iných incidentoch – výbuchoch cestných bômb – bolo zabitých 5 vojakov NATO. Útoky príslušníkov bezpečnostných síl - alebo militantov oblečených v ich uniformách - na koaličných vojakov sú v krajine časté, menej časté bývali doteraz cielené útoky na dodávateľov koalície . Hovorca 6 Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty: At Least 35 Killed In Afghan Violence , 8. júla 2012 [online], http://www.rferl.org/content/afghanistan-violence/24638947.html
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