(KPPS) During 2019 Elections in Pekanbaru
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Submission to Journal of Election and Leadership (JOELS) ISSN 2477-8060 (print), ISSN 2503-4456 (online) ©LPPM, Universitas Lancang Kuning Anomaly of the Death of Polling Station Committee Members (KPPS) during 2019 Elections in Pekanbaru Husni Setiawan 1, Afridelma Dwi Putri 2, Suriati Suriati 3, Novita Novita 4, Ridho Mardhianto 5 1STISIP Imam Bonjol Padang 2,3,4,5,6Universitas Lancang Kuning, Pekanbaru [email protected] Abstract This study discusses the death of 15 KPPS members in Riau Province in election 2019. The death of KPPS members massively raised questions for the public. This study aims to describe and analyze the cause of death of 15 KPPS officers. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach by analyzing the data ethically and emically. This study used institutional analysis with the key informant being the General Election Commission (KPU) Riau. The findings of this study are first, the recruitment process of KPPS members has been conducted under the technical guidelines for recruitment but does not have regular standards. Second, the deaths of 15 KPPS members were due to exhaustion and medical history of internal disease. Third, the victims are given compensation by the government by established regulations. Keywords: 2019 elections; the death of KPPS members; recruitment 1. Introduction Table 1 The death of Polling Station The Number of Death Victims in Riau Committee (KPPS) members in the process Province of holding the 2019 elections became a No Region Victims public question to General Election 1 Rokan Hulu 2 people Commission (KPU). This question had a 2 Rokan Hilir 1 people pretty solid basis because the victim 3 Kuantan Singingi 2 people reached 527 people. The victims are 4 Kampar 1 people considered a "catastrophic" democracy in 5 Siak 2 people the history of elections in Indonesia. The results of the doctor's examination 6 Bengkalis 3 people in East Java provinces, West Java and 7 Pekanbaru 3 people Central Java, there were several causes of 8 Indragiri Hilir 1 people the death of KPPS officers. Among them, Source: Processed Researchers Based on there were heart failure, stroke, Riau KPU Data hypertension, kidney disease, tuberculosis, multiorgan failure, and so on (Kompas.com. Based on the data and news, the May, 16th 2019). The death toll is spread in election which held on April 17th, 2019 12 provinces namely, West Java, East Java, took place caused griefs from the organizers Central Java, West Sumatra, Bengkulu, and was not as expected, due to many Riau Islands, Lampung, South Sumatera, KPPS officers worked beyond the physical Jambi, Riau Banten, and DKI Jakarta. capacity contributing to the number of In Riau province, 15 KPPS officers deaths. Basically, for a job, there is a time died. It consists of 8 (eight) districts/cities, limit laid down in law No.13/2003, which is Rokan Hulu, Rokan Hilir, Kuantan 8 hours. KPPS officers, however, operate Singingi, Kampar, Siak, Bengkalis, beyond the working hours stipulated by Pekanbaru, and Indragiri Hilir. law. According to Gorantokan (2017), KPPS working hours were not explicitly Received (29 January 2020); Accepted (31 January 2020); Published (31 January 2020). 23 regulated, which causes problems. Now the ethical and emic analysis with the stages of issue has proven that hours of unregulated collection, classification, matching the work led to the death of hundreds of KPPS patterns and results. officers in the 2019 elections. Clear regulations on working hours of KPPS are 2.2 Literature Review needed. KPPS officers are not allowed to General election or abbreviated as work beyond the limits of human physical Pemilu, which is the right of its citizens skills. based on Pancasila and the 1945 In general, the death factor of KPPS Constitution (Hidayatulloh, 2019). The officers was caused by fatigue. KPU Riau election itself has been held 12 times in conveyed the same thing. The causes of the 1955, 1971, 1977, 1982, 1987, 1992, 1997, majority of KPPS officials who died in 1999, 2004, 2009, 2014, and 2019. General Riau were exhaustion and had internal Election Commission (KPU) is an medicine history. institution of national election invasion On the basis of the above phenomenon, (Djuyandi, 2014). the researcher assumes that the recruitment From these institutions, it has formed process of KPPS officers does not go well others whose scope is even smaller, whose so that the electoral organiser can not task is to conduct the election. The appropriately identify the medical history of institution's name is KPPS or Voting officers. Supposedly, the mentally capacity, Group. KPPS is a coordinating organization morally and without drug abuse is based on for the electoral process of all polling one of the requirements for KPPS officers stations with a broader scope than the (PKPU, Article 36 point G of 2018). A voting committee (PPS) (Surbakti & health certificate proves this physical ability Nugroho, 2015). According to Article 46 of of applicants who will become KPPS Law No. 15 of 2011, there are only seven officers. KPPS officers from local Polling Station Based on the assumptions that the (TPS) who comply with the requirements researchers built, the research question is under the Law. how the recruitment process of KPPS With tight working hours and lack of officers in Riau Province is. The purpose of rest time, the officers got ill, and some even this study is to describe and analyze the died. Several mentioned many possibilities KPPS recruitment process and identify the that occurred during the 2019 election to cause of death of KPPS officers in the 2019 the death of a number of the officers of the elections in Riau Province. Polling Station Committee (KPPS), there were, fatigue, not having enough rest, and 2. Theoretical Perspectives the victims are having a history of previous 2.1 Research Method illnesses. This study used a qualitative method The fact is the fall victims of the KPPS with a case study approach. The selection of officers mentioned that there was a low informants is made by using purposive standard of health examination during the sampling technique with institutional registration process this year. The medical analysis. The primary data obtained by in- tests are only for administrative depth interview techniques with the requirements. As we know from the informants and the secondary data was from interview, the obligation to become a journal sources and mass media coverage. member of the KPPS is only a certificate Data were collected at the Riau Provincial from the public health centre (puskesmas) KPU by interviewing the division of public or certificate health from a doctor relations and human resources. (Simbolon, 2019). Furthermore, the data is processed by Submission to Journal of Election and Leadership 24 3. Results and Discussion of technical guidance (bimtek). The KPS is 3.1 Recruitment of KPPS Officers in Riau open to voting. The process carried out by General Election is the main task of the the district/city up to the voting results is General Election Commission (KPU) as announced to the public through a website stipulated in Law number 15 of 2011 or news which processed by the regency/ concerning the holding of elections (Sidik, city KPU. The recruitment of KPPS 2016). The function of the KPU is to members conducted by the PPS is fulfilled organize general sorting to select directly in aspects namely the announcement of from the people, members of DPR, DPD, registration (the way of its report, the media DPRD, President and Vice Presidents, as used for announcing registration), well as to elect governors, regents and administrative examination (completeness mayors democratically (Sukriono, 2009). of requirements), determination of KPPS a. Indonesian citizens (evaluation criteria). Still qualify as a PPS b. The lowest age is 17 years member as referred to in article 36. c. Faithful to Pancasila as the basis of the The public can provide input and state, the Constitution of the Republic response to the selection of PPS members of Indonesia in 1945, the unitary state of since the announcement of administration Republic Indonesia, Bhineka Tunggal results until no later than the end of the Ika and the ideals of the proclamation written selection announcement period on August 17th, 1945 further strengthened by the recruitment d. Have integrity, strong personality, procedure (Results of the interview with honest and fair Nugroho Noto Susanto, December 17th, e. Not being a member of a political party 2019). started by a valid statement or at least The low level of health examination to five years no longer being a member of become a KPPS member is based only on a the political party required by a report healthcare centre or doctor certificate and is from the management of the political in healthy condition according to the party concerned medical team that completed the f. Domiciled in the PPK, PPS and KPPS administration formally. Several working areas regencies/cities must alert medical staff at g. Capable of being physically, spiritually the recapitulation site as a whole and then and drug-free to areas in which medical officers already h. The lowest educated senior high school expect to see the health condition checked equivalent by the organizing committee. It is essential i. Never been sentenced to prison based to know the exact situation. If they feel on a court decision that has acquired uncomfortable, just relax at home. permanent legal force due to a criminal The health aspects selection process in offence threatened with imprisonment the holding of the Voting (PPS) in the of 5 years or more future needs to be more tightened. j. There was never a sanction of Loosening of health conditions and permanent termination by the KPU/ KIP excessive workload in the simultaneous regency/city or the Election Council election this time is a trigger factor for the k.