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A Study About Related British Orientalism and Islamic Heritage www.gsjpublications.com Journal of Journal of Global Scientific Research (ISSN: 2523-9376) Global Scientific 6 (2) 2021/ 1138-1150 Research www.gsjpublications.com/jgsr A Study about Related British Orientalism and Islamic Heritage Qasim Al-Ayibi Musa College of Engineering, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq. Email Address: [email protected] Received: 6 Dec 2020, Revised: 21 Dec 2020, Accepted: 5 Jan 2021, Online: 30 Jan 2021 Abstract The study of the writings of the British Orientalists in history, and Islamic heritage is one of important issues, because of the contents of these writings, especially written some of the objectives, including prejudice to Islam and Muslims and their heritage. The British Orientalists were among the oldest specialists in Islamic studies, history and Arabic language. Keywords: British Orientalism, Islamic Heritage, Islam 1. Introduction My choice of this topic specifically about Western civilization. The main goal of British orientalists is due to what I found these orientalists is to deny the message of during my research in preparing master's Islam and deny the Messenger, and that the and doctorate degrees in Cairo libraries, Noble Qur’an was created by humans, and whether university or public, where I they know that the Noble Qur’an and those found many manuscripts that were copied who believe in it pose a danger to Western or achieved by British orientalists and had interests, and they must stand against the many notes starting from collecting copies Qur’an and the Messenger. until Posted it. Especially the Quranic manuscripts and some of them are ignorant I tried to divide this study into an of the Arabic language and the Quranic introduction, three topics, and a script. This is what motivated me to write conclusion, which: about British Orientalism and related it to the Islamic heritage because they are the The First Topic: Definition of the most Orientalists who tried to distort the Concept of Orientalism, Language and image of Islam and took their theories Terminology invading Arab and Islamic minds, and put forward Western opinions that praise First: The Concept of Orientalism. Musa, Q. A. Journal of Global Scientific Research (ISSN: 2523-9376) 2021/ 6 (2) 1139 Second: Orientalism as a Language. works in teaching, writing, or conducting Third: Orientalism as a Convention. research on subjects related to the East (3). But Adel Al-Alousi says: there are two The Second Topic: The Nature of types of Orientalism: British Orientalism A. Ancient Orientalism: First: The Development of British Orientalism. It is another ancient type that differs Second: Arab Studies in Britain. mainly from its counterpart, although it is Third: The Characteristics of British a continuation of it. Orientalism. Fourth: The Motivations of British B. New Orientalism: Orientalism. The old relies on studying the civilization The Third Topic: British Orientalism of nations and peoples, its literature, arts, and Islamic Heritage languages, and traditions ... while modern Orientalism relies on gathering First: The Position of the British information on all aspects of Arab life, Orientalism of the Spread of Islam. including political situations and its Second: The Position of the British analysis (4). Orientalism of the Nobel Quran. While Dr. Salah Al-Jabri has another 2. Definition of the Concept of point of view in Orientalism, where he Orientalism, Language and says: It is the idea of the West about the Terminology East, that idea that was embodied in reality and through historical stages in a way that First: The Concept of Orientalism: the circumstances draw and sanction, so he adopted the image of religious preaching at It seems that the word "Orientalism" was one time and the image of the conceptual not used in the ancient Arabic lexicon, but representation (depiction of the East) knowing its meaning can be compared to again, And the form of direct colonialism others by the rules of derivation. is third. In all of these incarnations and Orientalism is an expression that indicates investigations, the dominant culture and an orientation towards the East, where the domination is an imperial culture, a English orientalist (Arthur John) indicates representation, not a reflex, that is, it does that the new Oxford dictionary identifies not aim to leave a depiction of an objective the Orientalist as "who sails in the (1) reality but rather seeks to depict an internal languages and literature of the East" . It feeling raised with an external subject (the is a description that refers to everyone who East) (5). discusses the affairs of the East, their culture and their history. The countries of But the Orientalist movement preceded the the East here refer to Arab countries, launch of the term, and was not at its Turks, Persians, India, East Indies and the beginning a deliberate organized process, Far East; thus, "Orientalism includes the but rather individual efforts, and then the languages and literatures and their culture, collective organized movement was which belong to more than half of the launched during several centuries, and the human race and several great term appeared to denote this movement (2) civilizations" . observed by the West towards the East, and the latter were not able to agree on Edward Said says: Orientalism is an determining the beginning Orientalism, as academic subject, for every Orientalist it is not exactly who is the first Moroccan Musa, Q. A. Journal of Global Scientific Research (ISSN: 2523-9376) 2021/ 6 (2) 1140 from me about oriental studies or at any concerned with the study of Islam and time that was, but it is certain that some Muslims and includes all studies issued by western monks went to Andalusia during Westerners dealing with everything related its greatness and glory and educated in its to Islam and Muslims in belief, Sunnah, schools, and they translated the Holy Sharia, history and other fields of Islamic Qur’an and Arabic books into their studies (13). languages, and apprentices to Muslim scholars in various Science scolded A As for what was mentioned in the philosophy and medicine and mathematics International Arab Encyclopedia: (6). Some of them belonged to the French monk, Gerodi Aureliac, who went to the Orientalism is academic studies carried out Islamic country of Andalusia. But Abri by foreign researchers - among the People says that the beginning of the Orientalism of the Book in particular - on Islam and movement in the scientific sense that was Muslims in all aspects of history, doctrine, coined at the end of the seventeenth jurisprudence, cultural and civilization, and about the civilization of the East in century AD, and the emergence of an (14) oriental term for the first time, as it affirms general . in the year 1683AD, when it was meant by a member of the Eastern or Greek Church 3. The Nature of British Orientalism (7). As the Orientalism movement began to First: the development of British benefit from the sciences and civilization Orientalism: of the East, it ended to benefit the East and help it to recover an important part of this The British Orientalism movement is civilization. considered one of the major movements in Europe and the English Orientalists, as Second: Orientalism as a Language: Naguib Al-Aqiki said (These are the The word Orientalism is derived from the English men and women who made the substance (East). It is said: (The sun rose languages of the East and their literature (8) their specialized study or their beloved east and east if it rose) .But the word that (15) we are looking for the linguistic concept is hobbies) . not contained in the various Arabic The first thing that English orientalists got dictionaries (9), and the researcher here to know about the civilization of the East does not prevent reaching its true meaning is the Arabic language and its literature, based on the rules of exchange and and this came through their contact with derivation. And the East: Controversy with the state of Andalusia since the twelfth the West, and the sunrise like rising, and century AD. However, Arab studies the East rising with sunrise, and everything remained related to the circumstances of is said to have risen by the East (10). And Europe and its political, social and cultural the sun shone: It rose and shone on the interests, and these conditions are what ground. determined the trends of Arab and Islamic The Almighty said: (And the earth shone studies therein or what was called with the light of her Lord) (11), and the Orientalism. Religious motives are evident luminaries: sunset and bright, most likely in many aspects of orientalist activity, as (12). interest in the Arabic language was the Third: Orientalism as a convention language of the Holy Qur’an, which is a Idiomatic concept of Orientalism. competitor to Christianity, the religion of Europe, as well as translation of the The concept of Orientalism was defined as Qur’an to refute his claim, and attention to a term that is the intellectual trend that is the conditions of Christians in the Islamic Musa, Q. A. Journal of Global Scientific Research (ISSN: 2523-9376) 2021/ 6 (2) 1141 East. In the Middle Ages, education and students who want to know the Arabic most of the students of Eastern studies sciences (19), but before this period he was were clergy in Europe. not in the two universities Any interest in teaching Arabic within their curricula, as The English scholars also began to visit they established a university press to Arab universities and institutes in Spain to publish Arabic books. This century was an (16) search for sciences and knowledge , and era of evolution in the history of the study they confused these scholars to translating of Arabic science in England.
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