Editorial Universidad Del Rosario
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ADVANCES IN SCIENCE From the . 1 – YEAR – ISSN 2017 2590 – 924X O Universidad del Rosario BOGOTÁ, COLOMBIA N O. 1 – YEAR 2017 – ISSN 2590 – 924X ADVANCES INADVANCES SCIENCE / UNIVERSIDAD DEL ROSARIO / BOGOTÁ, COLOMBIA - N Founded in 1653 … WE SHOULD KNOW ALL ABOUT OUR LANDS, CALCULATE THEIR AREA, THEIR ARABLE LAND, THEIR FORESTS, THEIR PASTURES AND THEIR ROCKY HEIGHTS. LET US DESCRIBE THEIR PLANTS AND MINERALS; DISTINGUISH THEIR USEFUL PRODUCTS FROM THOSE THAT ARE NOT YET USEFUL; COMPARE WHAT WE HAVE WITH WHAT WE LACK; … STUDY THE PHYSICAL CONSTITUTION, CHARACTER, VIRTUES, VICES, AND OCCUPATIONS OF THOSE PEOPLE WHO LIVE IN SUCH DIFFERENT AND EVEN OPPOSITE CLIMATES; STUDY PHYSICAL AND MORAL EDUCATION AS IT EXISTS TODAY, AND THE MOST BENEFICIAL FORM OF EDUCATION AT EVERY JUNCTURE; EXAMINE THE MOST COMMON ILLNESSES, EPIDEMICS, NECROLOGICAL TABLES, AND ALL THAT MAY IMPROVE THE WELL-BEING AND HAPPINESS OF MAN Francisco José de Caldas. Prospectus for the year 1809 of the weekly scientific bulletin, the Semanario del Nuevo Reino de Granada ADVANCES IN SCIENCE Universidad del Rosario EDITORIAL STAFF July 2017 Editorial Director President Juan Felipe Córdoba Restrepo José Manuel Restrepo Abondano Editorial Coordinators Vice President and Provost Mara Brugés Polo Stéphanie Lavaux Carlos Roberto Reyes Romero Vice President for Financial Reporters and Administration Marlyn Ahumada Yanet Miguel Francisco Diago Arbeláez Mara Brugés Polo Jaime Dueñas General Secretary Alejandro González Catalina Lleras Figueroa Ángela Constanza Jerez Inés Elvira Ospina University Council Carlos Roberto Reyes Romero Andrés Cadena Venegas Ninfa Esperanza Sandoval Alberto Fergusson Bermúdez Víctor Solano Franco Andrés López Valderrama Mauricio Veloza Víctor Hugo Malagón Basto Ann Mason Infographics Jerez & Sandoval Director of Research and Innovation Diana Carolina Velasco Malaver Special Collaboration Amparo Peláez Editorial Committee Ingrith Torres Torres Mara Brugés Polo Juan Felipe Córdoba Restrepo Photography Stéphanie Lavaux Mara Brugés Polo Amparo Peláez Nicolás Jacob Carlos Roberto Reyes Romero Leonardo Parra Juan Carlos Ramírez Carlos Roberto Reyes Romero Gloria Amparo Rodríguez Rafael Serrano Esguerra Alberto Sierra Luis Enrique Sierra Viviana Vargas Cema HarvestPlus LAC Presidencia República de Colombia Reuters 123RF Design Juan Carlos Ramírez Translations by Andy Klatt Peter Wix ConEmpathy Cover Image Adapted from the photography of Emilio Constantino in Un frágil tesoro: las mariposas colombianas (A Fragi- le Treasure: the Butterflies of Colombia), page 120. Printing Panamericana Formas e Impresos S.A. Universidad del Rosario Advances in Science from the Universidad del Rosario Calle 12C No. 6-25 ISSN: 2590-924X Telephone (57-1) 2970200 DOI: https://doi.org/10.12804/rd2590924X www.urosario.edu.co 2 Detail from a 1921 oil portrait of Liborio Zerda (1833-1919), fellow and professor at the Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario for 60 years. Painting by Eugenio Zerda from the Collection of the Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Señora del Rosario. TABLE OF CONTENTS Editorial 1 Transforming Research 10 El Rosario Champions the Training of Colombia’s Future Researchers 14 Research at El Rosario is More Active than Ever 18 URosario Research in Figures 20 All Out for Research 24 Transformative Research 30 UR is among the Best Colombian Universities in SCImago Inclusive Research 34 Women at Risk of Extreme Violence 38 Uncovering the Hidden History of the Arhuacos 2 42 Schizophrenia on the Couch 46 A GPS that Gives Alzheimer’s Patients Autonomy 50 Cigarette Taxes: Good Health! 54 An Inclusive Chair Brings El Rosario its First Shared Patent 58 Colombia Should Rethink its Migration Policies 62 From the Incubator to Kangaroo Mother Care 66 Older Adults: An Asset or a Liability on the Social Balance Sheet? 70 El Rosario in Open Access Journals Towards an Ecologically Sustainable Environment 74 From the British Moth to the Amazonian Butterfly 3 78 Plants Hold the Secret To Mitigating Climate Change 82 The World Wants Cacao 86 Energy Efficiency for a Better Environment 89 Research Networks Beyond Peace Accords 92 Boys and Girls of Steel 96 The Contribution of Peace to the Economy 4 100 The Tentacles of Evil 104 Youth Inclusion: A Challenge for Colombia in the Post-conflict Period 108 The Human Mind: Crucial in the Post-conflict Period 112 Land in the Hands of a Few 116 Colombia is Living aTurbulent Peace 120 JANUS: Initiative for a New Research Model 123 EL Rosario’s Contributions to Peace in Colombia Adding Disciplines to Improve Quality of Life 126 Highly Personalized Medicine 5 130 Universidad del Rosario, A Pioneer in Researching Autoimmune Diseases 134 Molecules Give Universidad del Rosario Researchers Clues on Tackling Disease 138 Yes, Physical Activity is Important 142 The Research Ecosystem at UR Considering issues on the National Agenda 146 How Do We Regulate the Universe? 150 Foreign Influence on the Colombian Police 6 Our To-and-Fro Relationship with Venezuela 154 158 Citizen Participation as a New Lever of Power 162 The Sustainability of an Organization Depends on Development of the Community 166 Agricultural Subsidies are Inefficient 170 Training Researchers Leadership and Social Innovation 174 Emilio Quevedo, Historian of Colombian Medicine 178 What is the Recipe for Business Success? 7 182 Indigenous Women Leaders Raise their Voices against Violence 186 Workers: Dare to be Innovative 190 Innovation, A Part of Academic Life EDITORIAL esearch is today part of the natural ways and means of the Universidad del Rosario, but it has been one of our firm assets for a very long time. This institution has par- ticipated assiduously in many research projects, among which the Botanical Expe- dition is perhaps the most vivid in the memory of Colombians. Scientific research is manifested by its outcomes, and making sure these are visible is an ongoing chal- lenge in today’s society. The strategies developed to achieve such outreach include, among others, seminars, forums, debates, and symposia, but we also rely on televi- R sion, radio, print media, and social networks, all of which have become great allies. Other channels open to us include getting across information through the publication of books and articles in specialized journals and widely-circulated magazines. Just recently, some colleagues and I were discussing the importance of publicizing, dissem- inating, and sharing the fruits of research carried out at universities. We led off from Professor Savo Heleta’s challenging proposals, in particular the importance of academics entering into dialogue with the world, thus breaking with the tradition of exchanging ideas exclusively among peers. Universities are far more than spaces cloistered from society; they are a dynam- ic and active part of it, so dialogue must take place. Our task is to lay down bridges between knowledge and human beings. It is the explicit goal of this publication is to get research carried out by the Universidad del Rosario in Bogotá, Colombia to a large number of readers, showing them, through sci- ence journalism, the daily investigative work carried out at this institution. And we want the world to see it in the spirit of the ultimate meaning of the practice of research, just as it was expressed two centuries ago by one of our most illustrious sons, Francisco José de Caldas, who underlined that it is “all for the well-being of humankind.” Juan Felipe Córdoba Restrepo Editorial Director 6 CLOISTER CAMPUS QUINTA DE MUTIS CAMPUS CENTER FOR ENTERPRISE AND INNOVATION MÉDERI HOSPITAL NETWORK 7 1 Transforming research Transforming research Transforming research ADVANCES IN SCIENCE 10 By Carlos Roberto Reyes / Photos by Leonardo Parra El Rosario CHAMPIONS THE TRAINING OF COLOMBIA’S FUTURE RESEARCHERS The University set up a research training program that starts at undergraduate level, and offers young people the chance to build and develop careers as scholars. hroughout its history, the Universi- We have been finding out that a key element is to take on dad del Rosario has unquestionably full-time lecturing staff with exclusive dedication to academia, been a vehicle for scientific progress and that we needed to attract outstanding people from the in Colombia, and the legacy of the greater world of science while simultaneously training up our intellectual, José Celestino Mutis, own talents. This led El Rosario, for the first time in its history, to points to this institution’s commit- establish scholarships at Master’s degree and ment to fomenting knowledge. doctorate levels. T University President, José Manuel This means that as young people make Restrepo, explains that over the years the insti- their life plans they need just one overriding SOME tution focused on becoming a university of ex- priority: research. As a result, we developed a UNIVERSITIES cellence in teaching, yet around twenty years research training program starting at the un- ago it made the decision to return to its origins MAY NOT VALUE dergraduate level, one offering students the by strengthening its research agenda. EFFORTS TO GET chance to work with full-time professors in A specialist in Finance with a master’s de- THEIR RESEARCH conducting research. gree in senior management and a Ph.D. in ACROSS AND Higher Education Administration, Restrepo MAKE IT VISIBLE. What was the role of research incubators in says that El Rosario “is an example of a uni- HERE WE DO, the orientation of this strategy? versity that has managed to rapidly boost its BECAUSE THAT IS (JMR) There were different models of research research capacity, and it has done so through PART OF OUR incubators, since each school or faculty within a distinctive and successful management mod- PHILOSOPHY the University enjoyed autonomy and inde- el.” He fleshes out his point of view in the fol- pendent administration. We generate a cul- lowing interview: ture of research so that young people studying at undergraduate or even postgraduate level How does the University del Rosario inte- José Manuel Restrepo will fall in love with the idea of creating new grate research activities into its academic President knowledge and feel keen to build their own ac- program? ademic projects.