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PART I • Omora Park Long-Term Ornithological Research Program THE OMORA PARK LONG-TERM ORNITHOLOGICAL RESEARCH PROGRAM: 1 STUDY SITES AND METHODS RICARDO ROZZI, JAIME E. JIMÉNEZ, FRANCISCA MASSARDO, JUAN CARLOS TORRES-MURA, AND RAJAN RIJAL In January 2000, we initiated a Long-term Ornithological Research Program at Omora Ethnobotanical Park in the world's southernmost forests: the sub-Antarctic forests of the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve. In this chapter, we first present some key climatic, geographical, and ecological attributes of the Magellanic sub-Antarctic ecoregion compared to subpolar regions of the Northern Hemisphere. We then describe the study sites at Omora Park and other locations on Navarino Island and in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve. Finally, we describe the methods, including censuses, and present data for each of the bird species caught in mist nets during the first eleven years (January 2000 to December 2010) of the Omora Park Long-Term Ornithological Research Program. THE MAGELLANIC SUB-ANTARCTIC ECOREGION The contrast between the southwestern end of South America and the subpolar zone of the Northern Hemisphere allows us to more clearly distinguish and appreciate the peculiarities of an ecoregion that until recently remained invisible to the world of science and also for the political administration of Chile. So much so, that this austral region lacked a proper name, and it was generally subsumed under the generic name of Patagonia. For this reason, to distinguish it from Patagonia and from sub-Arctic regions, in the early 2000s we coined the name “Magellanic sub-Antarctic ecoregion” (Rozzi 2002). The Magellanic sub-Antarctic ecoregion extends along the southwestern margin of South America between the Gulf of Penas (47ºS) and Horn Island (56ºS) (Figure 1). -
Bioclimatic and Phytosociological Diagnosis of the Species of the Nothofagus Genus (Nothofagaceae) in South America
International Journal of Geobotanical Research, Vol. nº 1, December 2011, pp. 1-20 Bioclimatic and phytosociological diagnosis of the species of the Nothofagus genus (Nothofagaceae) in South America Javier AMIGO(1) & Manuel A. RODRÍGUEZ-GUITIÁN(2) (1) Laboratorio de Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC). E-15782 Santiago de Com- postela (Galicia, España). Phone: 34-881 814977. E-mail: [email protected] (2) Departamento de Producción Vexetal. Escola Politécnica Superior de Lugo-USC. 27002-Lugo (Galicia, España). E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The Nothofagus genus comprises 10 species recorded in the South American subcontinent. All are important tree species in the ex- tratropical, Mediterranean, temperate and boreal forests of Chile and Argentina. This paper presents a summary of data on the phyto- coenotical behaviour of these species and relates the plant communities to the measurable or inferable thermoclimatic and ombrocli- matic conditions which affect them. Our aim is to update the phytosociological knowledge of the South American temperate forests and to assess their suitability as climatic bioindicators by analysing the behaviour of those species belonging to their most represen- tative genus. Keywords: Argentina, boreal forests, Chile, mediterranean forests, temperate forests. Introduction tually give rise to a temperate territory with rainfall rates as high as those of regions with a Tropical pluvial bio- The South American subcontinent is usually associa- climate; iii. finally, towards the apex of the American ted with a tropical environment because this is in fact the Southern Cone, this temperate territory progressively dominant bioclimatic profile from Panamá to the north of gives way to a strip of land with a Boreal bioclimate. -
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Research Article ISSN 2641-4295 Food Science & Nutrition Research Leguminous Flour from the Native Argentinian Forest, Their Contribution to Antioxidant Defense Generoso S*, Costa K, Rosas D, Lescano N and Macias S *Correspondence: Generoso S, Institute of Food Science and Technology (ICyTA), Institute of Food Science and Technology (ICyTA), Faculty of Faculty of Agronomy and Agroindustries, National University of Agronomy and Agroindustries, National University of Santiago del Santiago del Estero, Santiago del Estero, Argentina. Estero, Santiago del Estero, Argentina. Received: 20 January 2018; Accepted: 12 February 2019 Citation: Generoso S, Costa K, Rosas D, et al. Leguminous Flour from the Native Argentinian Forest, Their Contribution to Antioxidant Defense. Food Sci Nutr Res. 2019; 2(1): 1-5. ABSTRACT The oxygen-reactive species may generate oxidative stress, which could result in degenerative diseases. Antioxidant mechanisms usually act in a coordinated way, and they are grouped in two defense systems: enzymatic and non- enzymatic system. The metallo-dependent enzymes of the organism and the natural substances present in legumes have the capacity to delay, decrease or inhibit the oxidative processes. This work aimed to evaluate the bioaccessibility of zinc and bioactive compounds of flour obtained from Argentinian native forest fruits corresponding to the family of leguminous plants: white carob (Prosopis alba) and Chañar (Geoffroea decorticans), in order to use them in human food. The study was done on carob flour (CF) and chañar flour (CHF). The minerals were quantified by atomic absorption spectrometry. Bioaccessibility (D%) was estimated by dialysate percentage after in vitro digestion. The potential contribution (PC) was calculated. Their phenolic concentrations were obtained using the Folin Ciocalteu method and their antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro using the radical DPPH (1,1-diphenil-2-pichrihydracil) and expressed as the percentage of the trapping capacity against DPPH. -
Cryptocarya of Thedirectorategeneral for Cryptocarya Development Cooperation , a Large, Pantropical Genus of Genus Pantropical Large, a , Cryptocarya Species
Taxonomy of Cryptocarya species of Brazil Taxonomy of Cryptocarya This revision of Brazilian species of Cryptocarya, a large, pantropical genus of species of Brazil Lauraceae, comes highly recommended. Lauraceae is an extensive family of trees that has remained poorly studied because large trees with small fl owers are often ignored by fi eld workers. In a time when so much botanical research is focused on relationships between taxa, it is refreshing to see such a detailed work on species delimitation in a previously inaccessible group. Everything one could want to know about neotropical Cryptocarya species is included: keys, descriptions, illustrations, use, etc. In short, this is a monograph in the classical sense. Pedro L.R. de Moraes The author has studied the species extensively in the fi eld and this fi eld knowledge adds much to the value of this taxonomic review and sets it apart from most revisions that often are largely based on studies of dried specimens. Here, detailed discussions of fi eld characters and photographs of fresh specimens are aptly integrated. In conclusion, this is an excellent contribution to our knowledge of Lauraceae and the author is to be congratulated. One could only wish for more publications on the same high level! December 2007 Dr H. Van der Werff Curator & Assistant Director of Research Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, USA – Volume 3 (2007) – Volume Produced with the fi nancial support of the Directorate General for Development Cooperation Volume 3 (2007) 0885-07_ABC-TAXA3_Cover.indd 1 28-02-2008 14:40:08 -
Nutraceutical Properties and Safety Evaluation of Fruits and Arrope Of
ition & F tr oo u d N f S o c l i e a n n c r e u s o J Journal of Nutrition & Food Sciences Reynoso et al., J Nutr Food Sci 2016, 6:2 ISSN: 2155-9600 DOI: 10.4172/2155-9600.1000485 Research Article Open Access Nutraceutical Properties and Safety Evaluation of Fruits and Arrope of Geoffroea decorticans (Chañar) Reynoso MA1*, Sánchez Riera A1 and Vera NR2 1Cátedra de Farmacodinamia. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina 2Cátedera de Farmacoquímica. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina *Corresponding author: Reynoso MA, Cátedra de Farmacodinamia. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, 4000, Tucumán, Argentina, Tel: 54 381 424-7752; Fax: 54 0381 4293071; E-mail: [email protected] Received date: Mar 01, 2016; Accepted date: Mar 25, 2016; Published date: Mar 31, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Reynoso MA, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Abstract Context: Geoffroea decorticans (chañar) fruits and its derivate product (arrope) have been traditionally used as food and in folk medicine for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases including bronchopulmonary disorder. Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the antitussive, expectorant and anti-inflammatory effects and safety of aqueous extract (AE) and arrope (Ar) of chañar. -
The Vegetation of Robinson Crusoe Island (Isla Masatierra), Juan
The Vegetation ofRobinson Crusoe Island (Isla Masatierra), Juan Fernandez Archipelago, Chile1 Josef Greimler,2,3 Patricio Lopez 5., 4 Tod F. Stuessy, 2and Thomas Dirnbiick5 Abstract: Robinson Crusoe Island of the Juan Fernandez Archipelago, as is the case with many oceanic islands, has experienced strong human disturbances through exploitation ofresources and introduction of alien biota. To understand these impacts and for purposes of diversity and resource management, an accu rate assessment of the composition and structure of plant communities was made. We analyzed the vegetation with 106 releves (vegetation records) and subsequent Twinspan ordination and produced a detailed colored map at 1: 30,000. The resultant map units are (1) endemic upper montane forest, (2) endemic lower montane forest, (3) Ugni molinae shrubland, (4) Rubus ulmifolius Aristotelia chilensis shrubland, (5) fern assemblages, (6) Libertia chilensis assem blage, (7) Acaena argentea assemblage, (8) native grassland, (9) weed assemblages, (10) tall ruderals, and (11) cultivated Eucalyptus, Cupressus, and Pinus. Mosaic patterns consisting of several communities are recognized as mixed units: (12) combined upper and lower montane endemic forest with aliens, (13) scattered native vegetation among rocks at higher elevations, (14) scattered grassland and weeds among rocks at lower elevations, and (15) grassland with Acaena argentea. Two categories are included that are not vegetation units: (16) rocks and eroded areas, and (17) settlement and airfield. Endemic forests at lower elevations and in drier zones of the island are under strong pressure from three woody species, Aristotelia chilensis, Rubus ulmifolius, and Ugni molinae. The latter invades native forests by ascending dry slopes and ridges. -
Organización De Las Naciones Unidas Para La Agricultura Alimentación
Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación PRODUCTOS FORESTALES NO MADEREROS EN CHILE Preparado por: Jorge Campos Roasio Corporación de Investigación Tecnológica, INTEC - CHILE Santiago, Chile Con la colaboración de: Elizabeth Barrera, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural Daniel Barros Ramírez, Proplant Limitada Magalis Bittner, Universidad de Concepción Ignacio Cerda, Instituto Forestal María Paulina Fernández, Universidad Católica Rodolfo Gajardo, Universidad de Chile Sara Gnecco Donoso, Universidad de Concepción Adriana Hoffman, Defensores del Bosque Nativo Verónica Loewe, Instituto Forestal Mélica Muñoz Schick, Museo Nacional de Historia Natural DlRECCION DE PRODUCTOS FORESTALES, FAO, ROMA OFICINA REGIONAL DE LA FAO PARA AMERICA LATINA y EL CARIBE Santiago, Chile 1998 Para mayor información dirigirse a: Sr. Torsten Frisk Oficial Principal Forestal Oficina Regional de la FAO para América Latina y el Caribe Casilla 10095 Santiago, Chile Teléfono: (56-2) 3372213 Fax: (56-2) 3372101/2/3 Correo Electrónico: [email protected] Foto portada: Clasificación de varillas de mimbre, Salix viminalis, para su uso en talleres artesanales de Chimbarongo, en la VI Región de Chile. Las denominaciones empleadas en esta publicación y la forma en que aparecen presentados los datos que contiene no implican, de parte de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación, juicio alguno sobre la condición jurídica de países, territorios, ciudades o zonas, o de" sus autoridades, ni respecto de la delimitación de sus fronteras o límites. PROLOGO Así como los productos agrícolas y los productos forestales tienen áreas bien delimitadas y atendidas por diferentes instancias y organizaciones nacionales e internacionales, hay un área "de nadie", que ha ido apareciendo a la luz, revelando su vital importancia. -
Chemical and Morphological Study of a Putative Hybrid Between Luzuriaga Radicans and L. Polyphylla (Monocotyledoneae: Luzuriagaceae)
TeillierNew Zealand et al.—Putative Journal of hybrid Botany, between 2008, Vol.Luzuriaga 46: 321–326 radicans and L. polyphylla 321 0028–825X/08/4603–0321 © The Royal Society of New Zealand 2008 Chemical and morphological study of a putative hybrid between Luzuriaga radicans and L. polyphylla (Monocotyledoneae: Luzuriagaceae) SEBASTIÁN TEILLIER is endemic to New Zealand; L. polyphylla (Hook.) Escuela de Arquitectura del Paisaje J.F.Macbr., which is endemic to Chile; and L. radi- Universidad Central de Chile cans Ruiz et Pav., which grows in southern Chile Santa Isabel 1186, Santiago, Chile and Argentina (Rodríguez & Marticorena 1987). Thus, this genus is a clear example of the floristic ALEJANDRO URZÚA links between distant landmasses of the Southern Facultad de Química y Biología Hemisphere. Luzuriaga polyphylla grows between Universidad de Santiago de Chile c. 37 and 45°S and L. radicans between 35 and 45°S Casilla 40, Santiago-33, Chile (Rodríguez & Marticorena 1987). Preliminary obser- HERMANN M. NIEMEYER* vations of these two species occurring sympatrically Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas at the Valdivian temperate rainforests of Puyehue Facultad de Ciencias National Park revealed individuals that possessed Universidad de Chile some characters of one of the accepted species and Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile other characters of the other species; those individu- *Author for correspondence: niemeyer@abulafia. als also presented flowers with a scent similar to one ciencias.uchile.cl of the species (the scent of the other species is unap- parent) and anthers coloured as one of the species but not as the other. These observations suggested Abstract Patterns of headspace volatiles and the occurrence of a putative hybrid between the two flavonoids extracts from flowers of sympatric described species. -
Invasive Plant Species Thresholds in the Forests of Robinson Crusoe Island, Chile
Plant Ecology & Diversity ISSN: 1755-0874 (Print) 1755-1668 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tped20 Invasive plant species thresholds in the forests of Robinson Crusoe Island, Chile Rodrigo Vargas-Gaete, Christian Salas-Eljatib, Stefanie M. Gärtner, Osvaldo J. Vidal, Jan R. Bannister & Aníbal Pauchard To cite this article: Rodrigo Vargas-Gaete, Christian Salas-Eljatib, Stefanie M. Gärtner, Osvaldo J. Vidal, Jan R. Bannister & Aníbal Pauchard (2018) Invasive plant species thresholds in the forests of Robinson Crusoe Island, Chile, Plant Ecology & Diversity, 11:2, 205-215, DOI: 10.1080/17550874.2018.1444109 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/17550874.2018.1444109 Accepted author version posted online: 08 Mar 2018. Published online: 09 Mar 2018. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 96 View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tped20 PLANT ECOLOGY & DIVERSITY 2018, VOL. 11, NO. 2, 205–215 https://doi.org/10.1080/17550874.2018.1444109 Invasive plant species thresholds in the forests of Robinson Crusoe Island, Chile Rodrigo Vargas-Gaete a, Christian Salas-Eljatiba, Stefanie M. Gärtnerb, Osvaldo J. Vidalc, Jan R. Bannisterd and Aníbal Paucharde,f aDepartamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; bBlack Forest National Park, Seebach, Germany; cInstituto de la Patagonia, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile; dInstituto Forestal, Valdivia, Chile; eFacultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; fInstituto de Ecologia y Biodiversidad, Santiago, Chile ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY Background: Invasion by exotic plants worldwide can lead to the loss of native species, (Received 17 February 2017; particularly on islands with a high proportion of endemic plants, such as Robinson Crusoe Accepted 20 February 2018) Island (RCI). -
Chile: a Journey to the End of the World in Search of Temperate Rainforest Giants
Eliot Barden Kew Diploma Course 53 July 2017 Chile: A Journey to the end of the world in search of Temperate Rainforest Giants Valdivian Rainforest at Alerce Andino Author May 2017 1 Eliot Barden Kew Diploma Course 53 July 2017 Table of Contents 1. Title Page 2. Contents 3. Table of Figures/Introduction 4. Introduction Continued 5. Introduction Continued 6. Aims 7. Aims Continued / Itinerary 8. Itinerary Continued / Objective / the Santiago Metropolitan Park 9. The Santiago Metropolitan Park Continued 10. The Santiago Metropolitan Park Continued 11. Jardín Botánico Chagual / Jardin Botanico Nacional, Viña del Mar 12. Jardin Botanico Nacional Viña del Mar Continued 13. Jardin Botanico Nacional Viña del Mar Continued 14. Jardin Botanico Nacional Viña del Mar Continued / La Campana National Park 15. La Campana National Park Continued / Huilo Huilo Biological Reserve Valdivian Temperate Rainforest 16. Huilo Huilo Biological Reserve Valdivian Temperate Rainforest Continued 17. Huilo Huilo Biological Reserve Valdivian Temperate Rainforest Continued 18. Huilo Huilo Biological Reserve Valdivian Temperate Rainforest Continued / Volcano Osorno 19. Volcano Osorno Continued / Vicente Perez Rosales National Park 20. Vicente Perez Rosales National Park Continued / Alerce Andino National Park 21. Alerce Andino National Park Continued 22. Francisco Coloane Marine Park 23. Francisco Coloane Marine Park Continued 24. Francisco Coloane Marine Park Continued / Outcomes 25. Expenditure / Thank you 2 Eliot Barden Kew Diploma Course 53 July 2017 Table of Figures Figure 1.) Valdivian Temperate Rainforest Alerce Andino [Photograph; Author] May (2017) Figure 2. Map of National parks of Chile Figure 3. Map of Chile Figure 4. Santiago Metropolitan Park [Photograph; Author] May (2017) Figure 5. -
The Rust Fungi of Luzuriaga (Luzuriagaceae) with Description of a New Species, Puccinia Luzuriagae-Polyphyllae
Research Collection Journal Article The rust fungi of Luzuriaga (Luzuriagaceae) with description of a new species, Puccinia luzuriagae-polyphyllae Author(s): Berndt, Reinhard Publication Date: 2010 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000017585 Originally published in: Mycological Progress 9(1), http://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-009-0629-x Rights / License: In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library Mycol Progress (2010) 9:125–130 DOI 10.1007/s11557-009-0629-x ORIGINAL ARTICLE The rust fungi of Luzuriaga (Luzuriagaceae) with description of a new species, Puccinia luzuriagae-polyphyllae Reinhard Berndt Received: 22 June 2009 /Revised: 4 September 2009 /Accepted: 7 October 2009 /Published online: 24 November 2009 # German Mycological Society and Springer 2009 Abstract Three species of rust fungi (Uredinales), Puccinia of Alstroemeriaceae which is restricted to the New World perforans, P. fuegiana (= Uromyces skottsbergii), and with its two genera Alstroemeria and Bomarea (Fay et al. Aecidium callixenis have been described on members of 2006, http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/Apweb/ Luzuriaga (Luzuriagaceae). Puccinia luzuriagae-polyphyllae orders/lilialesweb.htm; retrieved 16 March 2009). is added as a new species on Luzuriaga polyphylla from Three rust fungi are known on members of Luzuriaga: Chile. The rust had been confused hitherto with P. perforans Puccinia perforans Mont., P. fuegiana Lindq. (= Uromyces occurring on L. radicans. Both species differ from P. skottsbergii Jørst.) and Aecidium callixenis Berk. ex Syd. & fuegiana on L. marginata by the absence of a uredinial state P. -
Bosque Pehuén Park's Flora: a Contribution to the Knowledge of the Andean Montane Forests in the Araucanía Region, Chile Author(S): Daniela Mellado-Mansilla, Iván A
Bosque Pehuén Park's Flora: A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Andean Montane Forests in the Araucanía Region, Chile Author(s): Daniela Mellado-Mansilla, Iván A. Díaz, Javier Godoy-Güinao, Gabriel Ortega-Solís and Ricardo Moreno-Gonzalez Source: Natural Areas Journal, 38(4):298-311. Published By: Natural Areas Association https://doi.org/10.3375/043.038.0410 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3375/043.038.0410 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E ABSTRACT: In Chile, most protected areas are located in the southern Andes, in mountainous land- scapes at mid or high altitudes. Despite the increasing proportion of protected areas, few have detailed inventories of their biodiversity. This information is essential to define threats and develop long-term • integrated conservation programs to face the effects of global change.