VOL. XX No. 6 June, 1965 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE — ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGFFS IN GREAT BRITAIN

B FAIRFAX MANSIONS, FINCHLEY RO, (corner Fairfax Rd.), London. N.W,3 Office and Consulting Hours: Monday to Thursday lOa.m.—lp.m. 3—Sp.m. Telephone : MAIda Vale 90967 (General omce and Welfare for tha Aged), MAIda Vale 4449 (Employment Agency, annually licensed bv the L.C.C,, Friday lOa.m.—lp.m. and Social Services Dept,)

Use Blumenthal-Weiss tact with linen and woollen factories in Silesian Wiistegiersdorf, factories that very soon became the sole property of the Reichenheims. MEMOIRS OF GERMAN JEWS Actually the whole undertaking was again dis­ posed of by 1888, and the administration of the trust funds and charities in Berlin was A Unique Collection of the Leo Baeck Institute only continued until 1904, but even decades later the effects of the Reichenheim's social As readers will see from a report published in this issue, the Leo Baeck Institute activities were still proving adv.antageous to recently celebrated the tenth anniversary of its foundation. During this period it has Jewish and non-Jewish German citizens. And initiated and sponsored the publication of more than 30 books relating to the history it was only Hitler's terrorist regime that finally of German Jeivry. The following article deals with another important aspect of the Institute's achievements: the establishment of a Cultural Centre in New York, whose destroyed the creative work of three genera­ comprehensive library of books and periodicals pertinent to German Jewish history tions. If specialised monographs were to be includes a unique and steadily grotoing collection of memoirs. written about the Silesian linen industry, or about Jewish philanthropy and philanthropists, The Leo Baeck Institute, with working tionships which were formed here or there valuable material would be found in the centres in Jerusalem, London and New York, between heads of states and Jewish citizens volumes of memoirs held by the L.B.I, For was founded in 1955 with the object of and which, as was then thought, gave reason the Institute also holds interesting material undertaking research into and presenting the for optimistic hopes for the future. dealing with the celebrated drapery firm of history of the Jews in Germany and other Ger­ Let us begin with the account of Jacob F. V. Griinfeld and the " royal merchant" Max man-speaking countries, with special emphasis Kaulla, which was written up by a teacher by Pinkus, intimate friend of Gerhart Hauptmann, on the period from the beginning of the eman­ the name of Spatz from " the posthumous The author of the Reichenheim memoirs cipation to the year of catastrophe, 1933, In papers of Oberlehrer Alexander Elsasser" in gives some incidental information about the a sense the L,B,I. has become the posthumous order to " honour the memory of a fine man social institutions established by the family, representative of German Jewry and is carry­ who served the German Fatherland outstand­ and extracts from the list are reproduced here : ing out a great task, for it is helping to estab­ ingly through his selfless patriotism, and who Establishment of an infants' school, six-form lish the continuity of German-Jewish existence by word and deed attempted to advance the elementary school, and a trade school for all despite dispersal and flight. Furthermore, educational standards of his co-religionists who the children of the factory employees in through that section of the New York Institute still lay within the coils of prejudices of the Wiistegiersdorf; Reichenheim Fund for the which is concerned with the collection of Middle Ages ". support of necessitous widows of merchants memoirs, it resuscitates names and the sub­ Jacob Kaulla was born in 1750 in the Wurt­ domiciled in the area of the Greater Berlin stance of a community that had apparently temberg township of Buchau am Federnsee, Chamber of Commerce; Reichenheim Girls' dissolved into anonymity. Although his parents lived in very humble Home ; Reichenheim Bequest for widows and circumstances the child received a good educa­ orphans of elementary school teachers Several Hundred Manuscripts tion, which at that time really meant instruc­ employed in the municipal schools, without tion in Biblical and rabbinic literature. Hence differentiation as to creed ; Ernst Reichenheim Some 300 manuscript sets of memoirs were Fund: " the award of two scholarships annually counted when the collection was last checked, there was one great gap in the boy's education which immediately evinced itself : he was not . , , to young, qualified pupils , . . without hut in the meantime more have been received, differentiation as to religious adherence, at the whilst others are expected and have been completely at home in the German language. This difficulty was overcome with the help of College of Arts ", Jewish Community Orphan­ asked for. These memoirs refer to widely age ; Adolf Reichenheim Endowment for an differing periods and environments. They instruction from a Christian teacher, and so describe, either autobiographically or through the exceptionally gifted pupil very quickly (Continued on page 2, column 1) the pens of persons directly related, the lives managed to master both written and spoken and endeavours of well-known and unknown German, KauUa's later career amply fulfilled people, and within the framework of personal all expectations. In partnership with his recollection they reflect the rise or decline sister he established a wholesale firm dealing The Association of Jewish Refugees in ot famihes and undertakings. This personal in jewels and jewellery, and very rapidly Great Britain felationship between the writer and his sub­ acquired a first-class reputation in the highest herewith invites members to its ject makes these memoirs particularly attrac­ quarters ; he started supplying various mem­ tive, for the intimate private knowledge of bers ot the nobility and eventually, because of life-stories lends such accounts an authenticity his ability and integrity, was proposed as head GENERAL MEETING that is hardly attainable by scientific research. of the army commissariat. on Thursday, June 17, at 8 p.m. It is both fascinating and moving to trace Patriot and faithful subject, Kaulla also dis­ at Zion House, 57 Eton Ave., N.W.S the life of the Jews in Germany through the tinguished himself as a philanthropist, and ienerations as presented in these memoirs. despite his true attachment to Judaism made AGENDA Each one of them is witness to a particular no distinction of religion in the award of his kind of relationship between German and benevolence. Reports on AJR Activities German Jew, since differences either attracted The manuscript entitled " N. Reichenheim Treasurer's Report or repelled and common action opened up & Son, the History of a Firm and Family " is very promising perspectives. As every his­ not only enthraUing because it describes the Report on Restitution and Compen­ tory contains periods of light and shadow, so amazing rise of a family striving upwards from sation these memoirs contain many examples of very humble beginnings ; the actual achieve­ Election of Executive and Board happy relationships. For instance, there are ments of the Reichenheims are overshadowed descriptions in the collection of the really by the ethical inspiration of their lives and (The list of candidates submitted by the satisfying living conditions of Jewish families activities. Executive is published on page 15, with several children in rural areas, and of the further nominations should reach the undisturbed schooltime of these children, some Members of the Reichenheim family can AJR office by June 10.) already be found in the Anhalt district about of whom occupied important positions later No further notice will be given. on. In other records we learn of the success­ the year 1700, But the impressive rise of the house and firm of N, Reichenheim & Son Non-members are not entitled to vote, but ful careers of Jewish politicians or men of are welcome as guests at the meeting. learning, of social events and amicable rela­ only began in 1830. when a branch of the family settled in Berlin and established con­ Page 2 AJR INFORMATION June, 1965 "Memoirs of German Jews** DURCHFUEHRUNGS-V.O. ZUM (Continued from page 1) BUNDESRUECKERSTATTUNGS-GESETZ extension of the Jewish Community's old age institution in Berlin. Die lang erwartete Durchfuehrungs-Verord­ anzuwenden ist, sollten fuer beide Faelle Looking back at the development of nung zur Novelle des Bundesrueckerstattungs­ durch Rechtsverordnung bezeichnet werden. the German Jews in the post-assimilation gesetzes (l.D.V.-BRueG) ist nunmehr vom Dies ist durch die jetzt verabschiedete Rechts- period, which reached its zenith in the Bundesrat angenommen worden und wird veiordnung geschehen. 'twenties, we recall those agitated times when demnaechst im Bundesgesetzblatt veroeffent­ Ausserdem sollte fuer die bisher nicbt Jewish people eagerly tried to adopt and trans­ licht werden. Ihr Wortlaut steht bereits fest. angemeldeten und daher nur zum Haerteaus­ mit anything attainable in the way of spiritual Zum Verstaendnis wird auf die im Septem­ gleich anmeldbaren Ansprueche durch Rechts­ or cultural values. Various documents of this ber 1964 als Sonderbeilage zu " AJR Informa­ verordnung bestimmt werden, welche halcyon period of German Jewry are to be tion " veroeffentlichte Darstellung der BRueG- Behoerde fuer die Entgegennahme der found in the L.B,I,'s memoir collection, Novelle verwiesen und zwar auf deren Antraege und zur Entscheidung ueber den writings that on the one hand reflect that Abschnitt III (S. 4-6). Ferner wird auf die Haerteausgleich zustaendig ist. Auch dies ist climactic situation, and, on the other, the sad Bekanntmachung im Novemberheft 1964 S.2 durch die jetzt verabschiedete Rechtsverord­ confirmation of the fact that German Jews (Novelle zum BRueG) verwiesen und zwar auf nung geschehen. Dieser letzte Punkt sei hier invariably swaddled themselves in illusions. deren Ziffer 4. vorweggenommen. Nach § 7 der Rechtsver­ Wie in der Sonderbeilage unter III 1 und 2 ordnung ist fuer diese Haerteausgleichsfaelle The comprehensive study by Toni Cassirer, gesagt, sollten gewisse Einzelheiten durch die Sondervermoegens- und BauverwaltunQ " My Life With Ernst Cassirer," acts as a sort Rechtsverordnung der Bundesregierung beim Landesfinanzamt Berlin, 1 Berlin 12> of documentation of the highly promising yet geregelt werden. Die jetzt verabschiedete Fasanenstr. 87 zustaendig. Die Frist fuer sinister reality of life's fulfilment and depriva­ Verordnung beruht auf § 29 b Abs. 2 und auf derartige Antiaege ist in S 8 der Verordnung tion. This is a study in which we are once § 44 a Abs, 1 Satz 2 sowie Abs. 5 der jetzigen, derart geregelt, dass der Antrag binnen eines again confronted by those tendencies and ideals durch die letzte Novelle zustandegekommenen Jahres nach ihrem Inkrafttreten bei der which each in its own way presaged the rise Fassung des BRueG, (Der Wortlaut des § 29 b Bchoerde eingegangen sein muss. Dieses and fall of German Jewry, The central ist in der Sonderbeilage auf S, 5 links unten Datum wird sich erst nach Verkuendung der figure in the memoirs is that towering per­ und rechts oben abgedruckt, der Wortlaut des Verordnung im Bundesgesetzblatt ergeben. sonality Ernst Cassirer, the philosopher. We S 44 a auf S, 5 rechts unten und S, 6 links Die Verordnung wird naemlich gemaess § 1" learn of his human and scientific growth, his oben, Dass damals die Paragraphenbezeich- am Tage nach der Verkuendung in Kraft battles and successes, in short we learn about nungen 29 b und 44 a nicht mit abgedruckt treten. Das Datum der Verkuendung ist das a rich life " enhanced by an abundance of wurden, beruhte auf der Vermutung, dass die Datum der Nummer des Bundesgesetzblatts, love from parents, brothers, sisters, friends Paragraphen des BRueG in der Neufassung in der die Verordnung erscheinen wird. and teachers, that accompanied us on the road der Novelle bei deren Verkuendung neu that we embarked on together". But the durchnumeriert werden wuerden, einer Ver­ I. ENTZIEHUNG VON HAUSRAT IN DEN brutal measures of Hitlerite passions shattered mutung, die sich als unrichtig erwiesen hat.) the lives of these two people as well. " It is EHEMALS BESETZTEN WESTGEBIETEN difficult to describe the last two years in Ger­ In S 29 b und in § 44 a BRueG handelt es A. Entziehungsgebiete sich um Entziehungen von Hausrat in den many . . . Ernst, deeply enrooted in German Nach § 1 der Verordnung gelten als Entzie­ culture, philosophy and art, tried hard to ehemals besetzten Westgebieten und von recognise the true weight of the threat". But, Schmuck- und Edehnetallgegenstaenden in hungsgebiete nur die folgenden Bereiche : although forced emigration drove the long- den ehemals besetzten oder eingegliederten 1) des Militaerbefehlshabers in Frank­ established rector of the University of Ham­ Gebieten. Hierbei bezieht sich § 29 b auf reich, burg from country to country, from university Faelle, in deneu der Anspruch angemeldet, 2) des Kommandanten des Heeresgebiets to university, for instance to Oxford, Goteborg, aber mangels des sog. Verbringungsnach­ Suedfrankreich, Yale and Columbia ; and although the con­ weises (siehe die Sonderbeilage unter III) 3) des Militaerbefehlshabers in Belgien tinuous changes with their vast demands rechtskraeftig zurueckgewiesen oder zurueck­ und Nordfrankreich. rapidly exhausted his physical strength and genommen worden war, § 44 a auf Faelle, in 4) des Reichskommissars fuer die besetz­ led to his early death in April, 1945—his denen der Anspruch bisher nicht fristgemaess ten niederlaendischen Gebiete, spiritual and ethical powers, his inner har­ angemeldet worden war. Im ersten Falle 5) des Chefs der Zivilverwaltung ini mony, could not be shattered. For " human kann der Anspruch als Rueckerstattungsan­ Elsass, fate cannot be arbitrarily determined, nor spruch erneut geltend gemacht, im zweiten 6) des Chefs der Zivilverwaltung in regimented from without. One must take it Falle kann er zur Beruecksichtigung im Haer­ I^thringen. as it comes, and the best one can do is to teausgleich (siehe III 2 der Sonderbeilage) neu B. " Allgemeine IVIassnahmen " show oneself a match for it from within ", With angemeldet werden, Zu beiden Faellen siehe this quotation, which is typical of Ernst auch Zitfer 4 der Bekanntmachung im Novem­ 1, Fuer die zu 1) bis 4) genannten Entzie­ Cassirer's breadth of vision and wisdom, Toni berheft 1964, hungsgebiete sind allgemeine Massnahmen Cassirer ends her memoirs of the great scholar In beiden Faellen besagte die BRueG- fuer die ueberwiegende Verbringung entzo­ and her life-partner. Noveile, das der Anspruch dann neu geltend genen Hausrats in den " Bereich" (West­ gemacht oder zum Haerteausgleich angemeldet deutschland Oder Berlin) durch die Dienst­ The savagei-y of National-Socialist Germany werdeu kann, wenn solche Vermoegensgegen­ stelle Westen des Reichsministers fuer die is even now incomprehensible in its entirety staende auf grund allgemeiner Massnahmen besetzten Ostgebiete (sog. M, ((Moebel))' and it rnay well have brought about the end aus dem Entziehungsgebiet ganz oder ueber­ Aktion) getroffen worden, Als allgemeine of the history of German Jews, but what has wiegend in den " Bereich " (Westdeutschland Massnahmen im Sinne der Verordnung gelten been received by them, given by them, and oder Berlin) gelangt sind. Die Entziehungs­ fuer diese Gebiete aber auch Entziehungen what they have produced, can neither be for­ gebiete, die " allgemeinen Massnahmen " sowie durch andere Dienststellen des Reichs als die gotten nor denied. die Entziehungszeitraeume, auf die das Gesetz Dienststelle Westen, sofern des Hausrat im Rahmen der M-Aktion aus dem besetzten Gebiet in den " Bereich " verbracht worden ist- (§ 2 Abs. 1) 2. Fuer die zu 5) und 6) genannten Entzie­ Feuchtwanger (London) Ltd. hungsgebiete ist auf Grund allgemeiner Mass­ nahmen auch derjenige Hausrat in den " Bereich " gelangt, der durch den Chef der Bankers Zivilverwaltung entzogen und nachweislich an reichsdeutsche Erwerber (Privatpersonen BASILDON HOUSE 7-11, MOORGATE, E.C.2 Oder Dienststellen) abgegeben wurde- Telephone: METropolitan 8151 (§ 2 Abs. 2) Representing: C. Entziehungszeitraeume 1. Als Beginn des Entziehungszeitraums I L. FEUCHTWANGER BANK LTD, I FEUCHTWANGER CORPORA-HON kommt nach § 3 in Betracht TEL AVIV : JERUSALEM HAIFA | 60 EAST 42nd ST„ NEW YORK, 17, N,Y. a) bei den Faellen, die oben unter A zu D- (Continued on next page) AJR INFORMATION June, 1965 Page 3 Durchfuehrungs-V.O. zum Bundesrueckerstattungsgesetz GERMAN NEWS (Continued from page 2) Militaerbefehlshabers in Belgien und Nord­ frankreich, sowie des Reichskommissars BELSEN MEMORIAL MEETING 3) und 4) genannt sind, der 1. Januar 1942, fuer die besetzten niederlaendischen Gebiete About 10,000 people, including victims of b) bei den Faellen. die oben zu A unter 2) auch durch die Devisenschutzkommandos, Nazism from many parts of the world, attended genannt sind, der 11. November 1942, 3) fuer den Bereich des MiUtaerbefehls- a memorial gathering on the site of the c) bei dea Faellen. die oben zu A unter 5) habers in Frankreich auch durch dessen notorious Bergen-Belsen concentration camp genannt sind. der 13. Juh 1940, Dienststelle Niedermeyer (Verwalter des on the 20th anniversary of the camp's libera­ d) bei den Faellen. die oben zu A unter 6) dem Reich verfallenen Vermoegens im tion by British soldiers. genannt sind. der 6. November 1940. Bereich des Militaerbefehlshabers in Frank­ The West German President, Dr. Heinrich 2. Das Ende des Entziehungszeitraums ist reich), Luebke, stressed the need for reparation for l^^in alien Faellen der Tag, an welchem der 4) in den Konzentrationslagern Maut­ Nazi wrongs against the Jews and other victims Entziehungsort von der deutschen Besatzungs­ hausen und Natzweiler durch Dienststellen of Nazism, It was not time yet, he said, to macht geracumt wurde. der SS. close the book of German guilt. Nobody could Allgemeine Massnahmen im vorstehenden forget what had been done in the name of U. ENTZIEHUNG VON SCHMUCK UND Sinne liegen auch dann vor, wenn die Entzie­ the German people. Dr. Luebke vigorously EDELMETALLGEGENSTAENDEN IN argued the need to press on with the prosecu­ hung durch andere als die oben genannten tion of war criminals. He appealed to the DEN EHEMALS BESETZTEN ODER Dienststellen des Reichs erfolgt ist. die ent­ German people to help the victims of Nazism, EINGEGLIEDERTEN GEBIETEN zogenen Sehmuck- und Edelmetallgegen­ regardless of their nationality, particularly Zunaechst enthaelt die Verordnung hierzu staende aber durch eine der oben genannten their Jewish fellow-citizens, Jews living abroad in § 5 Abs. 1 eine sachliche Einschraenkung : Dienststellen in den " Bereich " (Westdeutsch­ and the community of Israel, The German land Oder Berlin) verbracht worden sind. people should set an example in removing die Verordnung bezieht sich nicht auf prejudice and envy and in contributing to a Gebrauchssilber. Wegnahme oder Ablieferung von Schmuck- durable peace based on the spirit of brother­ und Edelmetallgegenstaenden im Lager hood throughout the world, he said. A. Entziehungsgebiete Theresienstadt sind ausgenommen. Auf diese Leading German, Jewish and foreign repre­ Nach § 4 gelten als besetzte oder ein- Faelle findet die Verordnung keine sentatives attended the gathering, including gegliederte Gebiete nur die folgenden : Anwendung. the secretary-general of the Central Council 1) die oben unter I unter A 1) bis 6) auf- of Jews in (jermany. Dr. H. G, van Dam, and gezaehlten Westgebiete, sowie ferner, C. Entziehungszeitraeume the deputy head of the Israeli Mission, Mr. Leo Savir, 2) das Generalgouvernement nach dem Als Entziehungszeitraeum gelten nach § 6 Stande vom 1, August 1941 und die ein- die folgenden : WAR CRIMES geghederten Ostgebiete einschliesslich der 1. Bei Entziehungen in den Bereichen des freien Stadt Danzig, Militaerbefehlshabers in Frankreich, des Wiesbaden police arrested their own chief, 3) die Reichskommissariate Ostland und Kommandanten des Heeresgebiets Sued­ Oskar Christ, on charges that he was con­ Ukraine sowie der Bezirk Bialystok, frankreich, des Militaerbefehlshabers in cerned in the mass murder of Jews in Eastern Belgien und Nordfrankreich, des Reichskom­ Europe during the war. 4) das Protektorat Boehmen und Maehren, missars fuer die besetzten niederlaendischen It has been confirmed that the Federal Ger­ 5) der Bereich des Militaerbefehlshabers Gebiete. des Generalgouvernements und der man Minister for Scientific Research, Herr in Serbien. eingegliedeiten Ostgebiete einschliesslich Lenz, offered to put up bail of several thous­ Danzig, der Reichskommissariate Ostland and marks to secure the release from custody 6) das Koenigreich Italien, und Ukraine sowie des Bezirks Bialystok. of Gerhard Maywald, a former S.S, officer B. " Allgemeine Massnahmen " des Protektorats Boehmen und Maehren. suspected of complicity in the mass execution des Militaerbefehlshabers in Serbien und of Jews. Herr Lenz stated that Maywald was Allgemeine Massnahmen fuer die ueber­ des Koenigreichs Italien, in den Lagern a friend ot his family and was an upright wiegende Verbringung entzogener Schmuck- Mauthausen und Natzweiler die Zeit der and guiltless man. und Edelmetallgegenstaende ausser Gebrauchs­ Besetzung des betreffenden Entziehungsorts The future prosecution of Nazi war crimi­ silber in den " Bereich" sind nach § 5 durch die deutsche Besatzungsmacht. nals was discussed at a meeting in Bonn of getroffen worden bei Entziehungen in Italien aber erst ab Lander Ministers of Justice. It was agreed 8, September 1943. that the activities of the Central Agency for 1) fuer die Bereiche des Militaerbefehls­ 2. Bei Entziehungen durch die oben the Investigation of Nazi Crimes at Ludswigs- habers in Frankreich. des Kommandanten erwaehnte Dienststelle Niedermeyer ist die burg should be speeded up, A spokesman for im Heeresgebiet Suedfrankreich, des Mili­ Entziehungsperiode die Zeit vom 1, Juli 1943 the Central Office stated that no decision had taerbefehlshabers in Belgien und Nordfrank­ bis zum 17. August 1944. yet been taken about whether future prosecu­ reich und des Reichskommissars fuer die 3. Fuer Entziehungen in den Bereichen tions should be limited to so-called major war besetzten niederlaendischen Gebiete sowie der Chefs der Zivilverwaltungen im Elsass criminals, fuer die oben unter ll A Ziffer 2) bts 6) auf- und Lothringen gibt die Verordnung die gezachlten Bereiche : Entziehungszeitraeume nicht an. Auch hier DEATH OF EAST GERMAN RABBI durch Dienststellen der SS, der Sicherheits- duerfte die Zeit der Besetzung als Entzie- The Rabbi of East Berlin and East Germany, polizei und des SD, hungszeitraum gelten. Landesrabbiner Dr, h.c. Martin Riesenburger, 2) fuer die Bereiche des Militaerbefehls­ Fuer die Grunde dieser komplizierten recently died in his 69th year. Before the habers in Frankreich, des Kommandanten Regelung muss uer interessierte Leser auf die war, which he survived in Berlin, he was a des Heeresgebietes Suedfrankreich, und des amtliche Begruendung des Entwurfs der preacher at the Berlin Jewish Old Age Home. Verordnung verwiesen werden, Dort wird He held the first post-war service in the small u.a, auch ausgefuehrt, weshalb die Satelliten- hall of the Weissensee cemetery after the staaten, z,B, Ungarn Rumaenien, Bulgarien. liberation. When, in 1953, two separate Kroatien, die Slowakei und bis zur Kapitula- Jewish communities were established in West Your House for:~ and East Berhn, he became Rabbi for East tion (8. September 1943) auch Italien sowie Berlin and also served the eight other syna­ CURTAINS, CARPETS, LINO, Theresienstadt aus den besetzten bezw. ein­ gogues in East Germany on a rotation basis. UPHOLSTERY gegliederten Gebieten ausgenommen sind, In 1961 he was awarded an Honorary Doctorate Obgleich die Verordnung und die amtliche of Law by the East Berlin University. SPECIALITY Begruendung Oesterreich und das Sudetenland nicht erwaehnen, gehoeren beide Laender nach dem ganzen Zusammenhang nicht zu den von CONTINENTAL DOWN der Verordnung erfassten Gebieten, Oorta Radiovision QUILTS! Sobald die Verkuendung der Verordnung Service im Bundesgesetzblatt erfolgt ist, wird in "AJR (Member R.T.R.A.) ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS Information " darueber berichtet werden, Fuer die Anmeldung bisher nicht angemel­ 13 Frognal Parade. Finchley Road, N.W.S ESTIMATlS FKEE deter Ansprueche zum Haertefond bei der Sondervermoegens- und Bauverwaltung beim SALES REPAIRS DAWSON-LANE LIMITED Landesfinanzamt Berlin werden amtliche For­ mulare ausgegeben werden. die zur Zeit noch Agents for Bush, Pye, PhiUps, Ferranti, 17 BRIDGE ROAD. WEMBLEY PARK nicht vorliegen. Grun^g, etc. Television Rentals from 8/- Per Week Telephone : ARN, 6671 Wie bereits in " AJR Information" im November 1964 betont wurde, kann URO Lon­ Mr. Gort will always be pleased to Personal attention ot Mr, W, Shackman. don in Fragen des Bundesrueckerstattungs­ advise you. gesetzes U'.lefonisch keine Auskuenfte erteilen. (HAM. 8635) Page 4 AJR INFORMATION June, 1965

SOVIET UNION NEWS FROM ABROAD Yiddish Publications UNITED STATES FRANCE Sovietish Heimland, the Moscow Yiddish Antisemitic Dismissal? The Alliance Israehte Universelle intends to journal, for the first time since it began publi­ communicate with all major Jewish organi­ cation four years ago, has published a story Mr. Bernard Perlstein, a chemist employed sations in order to promote efforts for the containing a direct reference to Babi Yar, the by the American Navy Department for 23 parliaments of all nations to adopt the example ravine near Kiev in the Ukraine, where the years, has filed a suit in the U.S.A. Court of of the French National Assembly in approving Nazis massacred nearly 100,000 Jews during Claims in Washington. He charges that he a declaration placing crimes against humanity the war. The fact that Sovietish HeimUind was dismissed by his German supervisor, Dr, outside the scope of any statute of limitation. has published the story when it refused to Martin Zimmer, because of prejudice and The president of the Alliance Israelite stated publish Yevgeni Yevtushenko's famous poein antisemitism, Dr, Zimmer, a citizen of West that it was an absolute necessity to induce about the massacre some two years ago, is Germany brought to Washington in 1962 and all nations to proclaim the principle that crimes regarded as particularly significant. employed in a supervisory position by the against humanity cannot be erased by any U,S,A. Navy, is said to be the son of an officer statute of limitation. POLAND in Hitler's army. At a recent hearing con­ Maitre Andre Blumel, the former president ducted by a Navy Board, several chemists of the French Zionist Federation, who was Antisemitic Element testified on Mr. Perlstein's behalf, but the elected to the Paris city council, in letters to board sustained his dismissal. Dr. Zimmer different Jewish organisations gave an under­ A correspondent of the New York Times, in claimed he did not know that Mr. Perlstein taking to look nfter the legitimate interests a dispatch to his newspaper from Warsaw, says was a Jew but dismissed him because of of Jewish citizens. Although he would, of it is difficult to estabhsh the number of Jews inefficiency. course, receive citizens regardless of their in Poland today, but this is put at 30,OOU. origin or religion, he wrote, it was natural Since about 1,000 a year emigrate, in a few CANADA that any Jewish citizen would enjoy his special years only 15,000 may remain. The attitude Giving the Nazi salute and displaying attention. of the Government towards Jews, Jewish emi­ swastika armbands, three young Canadians in gration and Israel is described as scrupulously BELGIUM correct. But, the correspondent reports, a Toronto announced the formation of the highly nationalistic faction within the Com­ " Canadian Nazi Party" to a group of Compensation Declined reporters. A petition signed by 500 people munist Party, comprising generally younger living in the neighbourhood of the group's Despite repeated submissions by Jewish men, is trying to exploit antisemitism W headquarters was presented to the city council, representatives, the Belgian Government has increase its influence within the party. The demanding that the three be evicted. The decided that Belgian Jews who lived in hiding " partisans " are trying to replace older pari^ Canadian Jewish Congress issued a statement or who had to wear the yellow star during the officials, many of them Jews, with some oi describing the group as an " absurdly tiny war, will not be eligible to receive compensa­ their own people and have been known to say one" but stating that " these propagandists tion from the remainder of the 80 million that jobs should go to people " with Pohsn and agitators" must not be minimised. marks (about £73 million) received by the names ", Belgian Government from West Germany for LA,TIN AMERICA compensation payments to victims of Nazism, Partisan Register Wishing to make the acquaintance of Rabbi This decision has caused bitterness amongst According to preliminary figures just Dr, Pinkuss, a Liberal rabbi. Cardinal Rossi, Belgian Jewry, particularly since a Bill has released in Poland, no fewer than 1,000 Jewisn Archbishop of Sao Paulo, Brazil, visited him been introduced in Parliament providing for partisans operated during the war in the privately, accompanied by his general secre­ the payment of pensions and other money to Warsaw, Lodz, Lubhn and Bialystok areas. tary and a high dignitary of the Roman so-called " minor " Nazi collaborators. -Among them were women and boys of 13 ano Catholic Church, After a visit from a delega­ younger. The Jewish partisan associations in tion from the Christian-Jewish Fraternity Monument for Victims Poland are trying to register all Jews wlio Council consisting of members of the Jewish, The names of the 26,000 Jews deported fought the Nazis, One of the objects is to Catholic and Protestant religions, the Cardinal from Belgium and killed by the Nazis will be help widows and orphans in need, agreed to become an honorary president of the engraved on the National Memorial to the council. Jewish Martyrs of Belgium, the cornerstone PROTESTS AGAINST TREATMENT As a result of the recent general election of which has been laid at Anderlech, a Brussels when President Frei's Christian Democratic suburb, on a site given by the municipality. OF RUSSIAN JEWS Party won an overwhelming victory, Chile's Queen Elisabeth, the Queen Mother, is patron As a result of discussions between himself 33,000 Jews are looking forward to an era of the Memorial, funds for which will be col­ and Mr. Rex Mortimer, a major figure i\, of peace and political and economic recon­ lected from the Belgian community, Australian Communist Party, Mr. Isi Lebler. struction. President Frei promised a " revolu­ a member of the executive of the Victoria tion within liberty ", Three Jews who sought HOLLAND election to the Chamber of Deputies as Radical Jewish Board of Deputies, prepared a study Party candidates were defeated in Santiago. The chairman of the Society of East Euro­ on Soviet Jews, The study was intended fo* Seiior Volodia Teitelboim was elected a pean Jews in Amsterdam, Dr. R. Gerstenfeld, publication in " Arena," a Marxist quarterly, Communist Senator, but he is not attached to has put forward a plan for the transfer of Jews which dechned to pubhsh on the grounds ot the Jewish community. to Holland from Argentina, Mexico and other length. It has now appeared as a booK Latin American countries. He seeks first the entitled " Soviet Jewry and Human Rights, cmNA transfer of about 100 Yiddish-speaking families with a personal letter from Mr. Mortimer in the foreword to the book, . , Information sent to the World Jewish Con­ who have experienced antisemitic feeling in their countries but do not wish to settle in the Mr, Mortimer writes that the question oi gress in New York by Mr, P. I, Yudalevich, Soviet Jewry concerns him seriously. Dis­ the chairman of the Council of the Jewish United States "because of the mounting influence of Nazi organisations there " or in associating himself from individuals who have community in Shangai, states that there are 24 involved themselves in campaigns about Soviet Jews left in the People's Republic of China, Israel, The arrival of these settlers would give Dutch Jewry a new lease of life. The Jewry for the sole purpose of discrediting the Twenty years ago the Jewish community U,S,S,R„ Mr. Mortimer states his conviction numbered 25,000, Of the 24 only two are under Jewish community in Holland, stated Dr. Ger­ stenfeld, will dwindle within a short time from that the " massive documentation you have 20 years of age and the average of the rest is assembled poses a substantial and disturbing over 65. the present estimated total of 22,000 people to 10,000. problem for Marxists and people of the Leii HUNGARY everywhere," Material of the kind contained SURVIVORS' GRATITUDE in the study, says Mr, Mortimer, should he Rabbi Jeno Schuck. the president of the widely read and probed, particularly by friends Hungarian Orthodox Rabbinical Council came Mr, Staszek Jacknow, a Polish Roman of the Soviet Union, to New York to take up his appointment as Catholic who hid and kept aUve 32 Jews dur­ visiting lecturer at several institutes. The ing the Second World War, was invited to About 50 prominent scientists, writers and rabbi described religious conditions in Hun­ Buenos Aires and then to the United States academicians from Sweden, Denmark and gary as " satisfactory". The Hungarian by some of those he had saved. He was given Norway, took part in a conference in StocK- Government, he said. " makes it possible for a hero's welcome on his arrival in New York holm convened by a Scandinavian organising us to fulfil all our religious obligations." There for a visit. In June, 1942. when the Germans committee, to discuss the phght of Soviet were about 70,000 Jews left in Hungary today, started to liquidate the Stanislav Ghetto, he Jewry. A resolution was adopted calhng o? said Rabbi Schuck. hid 31 Jews and a baby in his cellar. They the Soviet authorities to repudiate anti­ were there until June, 1944, when the Russians semitism, to guarantee to Russian Jews the BULGARIA liberated the village.—(J.C) same rights as other nationalities and to contri­ An historical commission has been formed An Italian Catholic priest and a Catholic bute to the reunion of dispersed Jewish in Sofia. A treatise it is to pubhsh on cultural doctor in Modena each received a medal and families by allowing emigration. The resolu­ developments in Bulgaria will include the certificate for helping to save hundreds of tion was sent to U Thant, secretary-general oi Jewish contribution. A list of works and Jewish children from Nazi persecution during the United Nations; the president of the scientific publications by Bulgarian Jews will the war. The presentation was made in Commission on Human Rights; the Goverii- also be published. The commission has already Jerusalem by the Yad Vashem memorial ments of Sweden. Denmark and Norway; ana begun research into Jewish documents,—(J,C,") authority. the Israeli and Soviet Embassies in Stockholm- AJR INFORMATION June, 1965 Page 5 HOME NEWS ANGLO-JUDAICA Synagogue Fire CONFERENCE ON JEWS IN U.S.S.R. IN PARLIAMENT Fire extensively damaged the Greenbank Drive Synagogue in Liverpool, Liverpool Anglo-Jewish Organisations Urge Action Employers who Discriminate pohce are treating this as arson although it is not believed that the fire was directed On May 16 a special session on Soviet Jewry Mr, Reginald Freeson asked Mr, Ray Gunter, " against the Jewish faith ". was held by the Board of Deputies with the Minister of Labour, how many firms discrimi­ participation of representatives of the Anglo- nating against the employment of people on Death of Sir Leon Simon Jewish Association, the World Jewish Congress grounds of race, colour or creed, had been (British Section) and seven other major consulted by the managers and staffs of Sir Leon Simon who recently died in his Anglo-Jewish organisations, A resolution employment offices with a view to persuading 84th year was a distinguished civil servant, a which was adopted affirmed " the deeply held them to drop this practice. How many had great classical and Hebrew scholar and a concern of the whole of Anglo-Jewry in face been struck off employment offices' registers leading figure in the Zionist movement. He of the harsh discrimination to which the for failing to end such discrmination ? was a disciple of Achad Ha'am and translated Jewish population of the Soviet Union is being The Minister replied that such consultations from ancient Greek literature into Hebrew. subjected", The resolution urges that the had been going on for many years as the need For several years, he was chairman of the Jewish minority be accorded the same rights arose. No record of the number of firms con­ Board of Governors of the Hebrew University. and facihties as are enjoyed by other nationali­ cerned had been kept. There had so far been ties under the laws of the U,S.S,R. and also no cause to deny employment offices placing Praise for Community expresses the hope that on humanitarian services to any firm. The aim was to find grounds the Soviet Government will facilitate out the real root of the trouble. This approach Lord Longford, Lord Privy Seal and Leader the reunion of famihes with their relatives in was showing results but Mr. Gunter warned of the House of Lords, was guest of honour Israel and elsewhere. Referring to the reso­ that the Ministry would not help an employer at the annual dinner and ball of the London lution unanimously adopted on May 5 by the who turned out to be intransigent, Jewish Hospital Medical Society, The number General Assembly of the Council of Europe Mr, Freeson intimated that he would raise of Jewish MPs, said Lord Longford, was which calls on member-Governments to make the matter again. evidence of the active interest and close representations to the Soviet Union, the reso­ involvement Jews felt in the affairs of the lution urges Her Majesty's Government to general community and was an example other make appropriate representations. West German Ambassador communities should follow. He praised the Jewish welfare services apd looked forward Mrs. Renee Short questioned the Govern­ " PANORAMA " ON ISRAEL to a better understanding between the Catholic ment's decision to accept Herr von Blanken­ and Jewish communities, In a recent BBC television programme, horn as West Germany's Ambassador. After "Panorama", Mr, Ben-Gurion expressed the Sir Godfrey Nicolson described him as "« " J.C." Copy Buried view that Nasser would not break off relations good friend of European democracy", Mrs, with West Germany as a result of Bonn's Short shouted across the House of Commons: A copy of the 5,000th number of the Jewish estabhshing relations with Israel, The Israelis, " Why was he chucked out of Paris, then ? " Chronicle was buried in the foundations of said Mr. Ben-Gurion, must deal with present- (Herr von Blankenhorn was formerly West Gordon House, a block of flats for the elderly day Germany and must think of the future German Ambassador to France.) being built in Stonegrove, Edgware, by the and not of the past although the past could He was, Mrs, Short recalled, sufficiently B'nai B'rith Housing Society. The significance not be forgotten. The establishment of normal highly placed to be sent to inspect the Warsaw of the ceremony was that the J.C. and the B'nai relations between Israel and Germany was in Ghetto in 1941. He continued to serve Hitler B'rith are practically the same age and, as Israel's and in Germany's interest and in the in Switzerland in the German Embassy where, was pointed out. share mutual ideals of service she said, he eould have sought political to the community. interest of world peace. asylum if he had been as shocked as he said Mr. Joseph Sapir, a Liberal member of the he was about what he saw in Warsaw, " Disturbing Wind of Change " Knesset, and Mr. Nahum Levin (Herut), Mr. George Thomson, Minister of State, strongly attacked the decision to establish Foreign Office, said that Herr von Blankenhorn The Rev. Dr. Isaac Levy, in his farewell relations with Germany. Mr, Gideon Ben- later associated with the anti-Hitler resistance. Israel (Mapai) thought that Israel could not sermon at the Hampstead Synagogue, gave his afford to live on emotions. reasons for retiring from the ministry. He RACE BILL referred to " a wind of change" felt in the The BBC commentator remarked that the community which he found profoundly dis­ German reparations had greatly helped Israel During the first major debate on the Race turbing. Recent events had disrupted the and the State's increasing prosperity depended Relations Bill in the House, it was suggested even tenor of the community's religious life. more on trade with the West Germans than by a number of M.P,s that discrimination and He either had to stay within the active ministry with any other country. The Israelis, said incitement on grounds of religion should have and wage a negative battle or direct his the commentator, agreed that Germany had been written into the Bill, Both Sir Frank energies towards a more positive and con­ fulfilled her reparations agreement. Soskice, the Home Secretary, and Sir Dingle structive activity, and had decided on the latter Foot, the Solicitor-General, stated that the course after much heart-searching. phrase had been carefully considered to include the Jewish community. Sir Frank Leeds Record said: " It is certainly the intention of the Government that people of the Jewish faith The Lord Mayor of Leeds, Alderman Mrs. L, should be covered ", Naylor, inspected a guard of honour of Jewish Sir Dingle Foot pointed out that when there scouts, cubs and guides on a civic visit to the were attacks upon the Jews they were directed Judean Club's Open Week, She stated that agains Jews as a race and not merely against she had read there were only ten Jewish boys those who observed the Mosaic law. For those in approved schools. In Leeds alone there reasons it seemed to the Government both were 300 boys in approved schools and 1,200 unnecessary and undesirable to include refer­ in the care of local authorities, with not one ence to rehgion. The Bill sought to prevent Jewish child among them, arising in this country in relation to the coloured immigrants the kind of situation Yiddish Weekly Endangered which arose in relation to the Jews in Britain in 1935 and 1946. The Jewish Voice, the only Yiddish weekly in The introduction of a conciliation process this country, has now entered its 15th year into the Bill' may be considered, facing the danger of extinction. Unless finan­ cial help is soon forthcoming, Yiddish-speak­ ing people in this country may lose their sole LIFE PEERS link with events in the Jewish world. This is a non-party paper produced single-handed Professor Dennis Lloyd, of London Univer­ by its editor, the Yiddish writer Mr, I. A, Lisky. sity, and Alderman Lewis Coleman Cohen, chairman of the Alliance Building Society, are For the Handic^>ped among new hfe peers named by the Prime Minister. Alderman Cohen played a large part The Jewish Blind Society is to institute a in the formation of the Jewish refugee home " Jewish Bhnd Week" to be held this year established in Brighton in 1935. from June 20 to 27. With the grantind of a life peerage to .Alder­ The foundation-stone of the Residential man Cohen, there 'will be three Lord Cohens School for the Jewish Deaf Children's new in the House of Lords, which already includes centre at Talbot Road, Tottenham, has been Lord Cohen of Walmer and Lord Cohen of laid. It is hoped to open the new premises in Birkenhead. September. Page 6 AJR INFORMATION June, 1965

F. Friedlander (Melbourne) of his battle experiences, and particularly explained why he got the upper hand over Ludendorff. Both, born in the same year, were masters of strategic calculation and tac­ THE GENERAL WHO HATED WAR tical arrangement, but Ludendorff made the mistake of underrating the then modern and Centenary of Sir John Monash's Birth still controversial tank, while Monash's engin­ eering genius reahsed its importance and relied on it. There were also basic differences When a second university was founded in he established himself on his own and became between the two men: Ludendorff, after Melbourne in 1958, it was named after General a most successful consulting engineer and Germany's defeat, brooded upon the prospects Sir John Monash. This choice of name was patent attorney. of the next war and wrote a much discussed unanimously acclaimed, for he was a man of An activity considered only as a sideline by book about it, while Monash, having experi­ whom every Australian is justly proud. the young engineer turned out to be his path enced the horrors of war, expressed his hatred John Monash came from a family conscious to historical renown. From the engineering for it and deplored the loss of human lives. of its Jewishness. The grandfather, B. L. angle he was strongly interested in military Ludendorff was a hard man even with his own Monasch, was a printer and publisher in matters, joining the University Company of family, while Monash won the affection of all Krotoschin, in the former Prussian province the Victorian Rifles in 1884. His success in who met him, especially being drawn to of Posen. His eldest son emigrated to the the mihtia was no less outstanding than his children. Ludendorff had the limited vision of United States and his descendants settled in professional work. He became a colonel and, a purely military mind, while Monash, though Minneapolis, Another son, Louis Monash, in 1913, was given the command of the 13th also a military mastermind, could not do with­ went to Melbourne in 1853, where he married Infantry Brigade. out music, literature and art. He also filled and where his son John was born on June 23, After the outbreak of war in 1914, he was his hours of leisure with sketching, gardening, 1865, Louis Monash's sister Julia married first appointed Chief Censor. Then, with the carpentry and astronomy. Heinrich Graetz; thus the famous Jewish rank of Brigadier-General, he took over the historian became the uncle of John Monash. command of the 4th Infantry Brigade, which Appointed General Manager and later, m 1921, Chairman of the Victoria State Elec­ John was a pupil at Scotch College in Mel­ showed its mettle in the ill-fated battle of Gallipoli. There his gifts as a mihtary leader tricity Commission, Sir John directed the bourne. He was brilliant in all subjects, execution of one of Australia's biggest especially mathematics and modern languages. became evident: careful planning, firmness, power of decision and, last but not least, the development projects: the opening up and Today his fine portrait, painted by the Jewish use of the immense brown coal deposits of the artist, Percy J. White, hangs in the College talent to inspire his men with his own calm, courage and confidence. The splendidly State of Victoria for electric power supply Assembly Hall. and industrial purposes. He also took a lively Young John was a passionate reader. More­ organised evacuation of the troops from this theatre of war goes to his credit. interest in the problem of education and over, he was so talented in music that he was served with distinction as Honorary Vice- expected to become a noted concert pianist. In 1916 he trained the 3rd Australian Division in Britain. Promoted to the rank of Chancellor of Melbourne University from 1923 However, he chose engineering and, at the until his death. early age of 16, commenced his studies at the Major-General, he took this Division to France Melbourne University. To pay his way as a in the same year, leading them to victory in Jewish affairs always appealed to him, and, student he took a job at a big bridge-building the battle of Messines in 1917. With the last being the first Jew promoted to the rank of project in Melbourne. This was the start of German offensive launched by General Luden­ a general in the British Commonwealth, he his career as one of Australia's ablest and dorff in March, 1918, which pushed back the accepted the presidency of the Zionist Federa­ most respected engineers and constructors. As British army and threatened the vital railway tion on Australia in 1928, The Jewish com­ he often encountered legal questions he also junction of Amiens linking the British and the munity of Australia will always be grateful to studied law. He received the degree of Master French armies, came John Monash's real hour him for the lustre that he added to its status. of Civil Engineering in 1893, and the degrees of glory. In this crucial situation he was His death in Melbourne on October 8, 1931, of Bachelor of Arts and of Law two years ordered to stem the tide of the German was mourned all over Australia, and he was later. In 1891 he married Victoria Moss, who thrust and, while other Alhed High Com­ accorded a State funeral with military came from a respected Jewish family; their manders such as Petain lost their nerve, honours. In 1950 a most impressive eques­ marriage was blessed by the birth of a Monash brought the German attack to a stand­ trian statue of him was erected in his native daughter. still, thus turning the situation in favour of town, and, as recently as April of this year, the Allies, After this he was appointed Com­ the Austrahan Prime Minister, Sir Robert John Monash first worked for various firms Menzies, paid tribute to him as one of and for the Melbourne Harbour Trust; then mander of all the Australian forces, with the rank of Lieutenant-General. Under his leader­ Australia's greatest men. ship his troops had the lion's share in the ensuing victorious battles, and in particular in the breakthrough on the German front of Ackermans August 8, 1918, which, as Ludendorff admitted, was " the black day of the German army". King George V personally bestowed a knight­ hood on Monash in appreciation of his services. His reputation was such that he was Chocolates considered most suitable for the post of De Luxe Supreme Alhed Commander, He was the first British general who was entrusted with the IN BEAUTIFULLY command of American troops, DESIGNED A foremost British authority on military history, Lidell Hart, in his book " The PRESENTATION Extending War ", wrote : " By general recog­ BOXES nition. Sir John Monash, the Commander of the Australian Forces in 1918, was, perhaps, MARZIPAN the ablest commander we produced in the SPEOAUnES last war." In his book " The Australian Victories in DIABETIC France 1918" (1920) Monash gave an account CHOCOLATES • , , and I can tell you "NORWEST " is BEST 43, KENSINGTON CHURCH ST., FOR CHAUFFEUR-DRIVEN LONDON, W.8 CAR HIRE WES. 4359 and 'Phone : Day ond Nighf HAM. 4150 9, GOLDHURST TERRACE, & Day HAM. 4154 FINCHLEY ROAD, N.W.6 NORWEST CAR HIRE LTD, MAL 2742 331-5 FINCHLEY RD., N.W.3 Your advance tKiokings welcomed. APIOOB AJR INFORMATION June, 1965 Page 7 Robert WeUsch Old Acquaintances BENTWICH'S PALESTINE MEMORIES Week-end in Berlin: On the invitation Of the German TV Second Programme, your columnist paid a flying visit to Berlin to par­ Norman Bentwich, one of the most outstand­ profiles and, primarily, by the inclusion of a ticipate in a feature about the opening of ing contemporary British Jews and a good selection from letters written at the time by Europa Center. Completed in 18 months at friend of the Jewish refugees to this country Helen Bentwich to her relatives in London. a cost of 85 million DM, the Center is built of thirty years ago, at the age of 82 embodies These are printed in their original wording on the site of the old Romanische Cafe, oppo­ a whole period of modern Jewish history, though, regrettably, undated. They are site Kaiser Wilhelm-Gedaechtniskirche. It is, reflected in his autobiographical writings. Of unofficial spontaneous reactions of an open- indeed, a miracle when you consider that this the many good causes he has served, two, one minded sensitive personality of integrity and site was vacant only a short time ago. Now may guess, are particularly near to his heart : independent thought. Of course, they were not Europa Center is a town on its own, with the fight for just compensation for the victims originally written for publication. Their 100 shops, 20 restaurants, a night-club, cabaret, of Nazi persecution, and the support of the straightforward and, at times, even naive two cinemas, an open-air ice-rink and even a Hebrew University in Jerusalem. It is signifi­ tone, revives some of the flavour of post- Sauna bath, not to mention the 22-storey sky­ cant that recently on his retum from a Jeru­ World War I life in the primitive under­ scraper. Romy Schneider's stepfather, H. H, salem meeting of the Govemors of the developed Turkish province which Britain Blatzheim, runs the restaurants and cafes on University after a joumey to Persia, he took over in 1918, very different to the " Haus Vaterland " lines. In one night a hastened to Frankfurt in order to preside over country known today to thousands of tourists. bridge was built over Tauentzienstrasse lead­ a meeting of the United Restitution Offlce, Mrs, Bentwich was not only an important ing from Marburgerstrasse into the Center. hurrying from there to London to be present hostess in the technically backward but cos­ mopolitan and colourful city. From the begin­ It was my task to sit before the TV camera at the Friends of the Hebrew University in a comer of the new Romanische Cafe, with dinner in order to propose the toast to the ning she took the initiative for much-needed social work in order to raise the standard and a blown-up photo of the old cafe in the back­ guest of honour, the Prime Minister, Mr. ground, and talk about the old cafe. Only Harold Wilson, the hving conditions of the native population. Above all, she was a careful and understand­ the name is common to both cafes—in an The latest of Bentwich's books* is devoted ing observer of the political scene. We get affluent society where even Bohemians have to the period of the British Mandatory regime a firsf-hand impression of the curious and often money, who can imagine a Bohemian cafe in Palestine, an epoch almost forgotten nowa­ delicate position of a high Jewish (Govern­ without "Schnorrers"! days, when we are used to celebrate each year ment officer 45 years ago. Then the political In theory, one can live one's complete life Israel's Independence Day. Bentwich, as our issue was still controversial among the British, in the Center without ever having to go out readers may know, was personally involved in spite of the Balfour Declaration and the of it, and the man behind this venture is in the events of that time. He came to Pales­ appointment of Samuel, which the Jews had 55-year-old Karl Heinz Pepper, son of a Berhn tine already in 1918 as a member of General interpreted as recognition of the Jewish claim piano manufacturer. The entire city took AUenby's staff, and became Attorney-General to a dominant role in the country. For part in the opening of the Center, which was in the first civil administration under Herbert Norman and Helen Bentwich it came as a a major event in the history of a rebuilt Samuel (who. as he reminds us, was an uncle shock when they realised that many officials, Berlin, of Bentwich's wife). Many of the facts accustomed to routine colonial service, Crrninny: Bruno Arno, brother of Siegfried related in the book are familiar to students regarded the Jewish claim as unjust and— Arno, on his return from Argentina appeared of Palestinian history and to readers of Bent- as Mrs, Bentwich explains in one of her letters in " Barfuss im Park " in Hamburg,—Trade W'ich's earlier books. The present book, how­ —considered it a duty to side with the Arabs Kolmann successfully produced Resnik's ever, strikes a particularly attractive personal because, in their view, they were the weaker " Jeden Mittwoch" at Kleine Freiheit in note with its presentation of many intimate party. Bentwich's home was a centre where Munich,—Elisabeth Bergner has resigned * Norman and Helen Bentwich : Mandate Memories, 1918-1948. The Hogarth Press, London, 1965. 30s. British, Moslem and Jewish visitors met, and from the cast of Fritz Kortner's production where all important foreign visitors were of " Macbeth " at Berlin's Schiller-Theater.— entertained, such as Justice Brandeis, Ramsay Curt Bois played Brecht's " Puntilla " at the MacDonald, Einstein and many others. Schiller-Theater, Though neither Norman nor—in her letters Books nnd Authors: Friedrich Hollaender, —Helen Bentwich are uncritical of the Zionist who wrote Marlene Dietrich's hit songs in authorities, the main story of the book is the " Blue Angel", has had his autobiography, antagonism of the British against the Jews, " Von Kopf bis Fuss ", published by Kindler This came to a peak after the riots of 1929, in Munich,—Jack Bilbo-Baruch, who ran an art when Norman Bentwich was practically gallery off London's Haymarket during the squeezed out of the Government service war, has had his book, " Das geheimnisvoUe because the Labour Government of that day, Kabinett der wunderbaren und grauenvollen especially the Colonial Secretary, Sidney Geschiehten", published in Germany. He Webb (Lord Passfield), regarded it as unbear­ lives now in Berlin. able that in the tense atmosphere of Obituary: Richard Schweizer, 65-year-old nationalist rivalry a Jew—albeit a British Jew chairman of the " Schauspielhaus " and author —should hold high office. Bentwich had to of " Last Chance", has died in Ziirich.— resign. He was later appointed professor of Wolfgang Gurlitt, owner of the well-known art intemational relations at the Hebrew Univer­ gallery, died in Munich at the age of 77.— sity, only to be met by stink bombs at his The famous sculptress, Renee Sintenis, who first lecture, because the extremist created the " Berliner" bear, died in Berlin (revisionist) students disliked his moderate at the age of 77,—Otto Tressler, at 94 years humanitarian outlook and his subject—which the oldest member of Burgtheater, died in was peace, Bentwich has always been an Vienna,—Bruno Schoenlank, the Socialist advocate of Jewish-Arab understanding and writer, has died in Ziirich,—The once well- he candidly records the failure of this pursuit. known opera singer, Michael Bohnen, who The book concludes with a letter of 1963, starred on the screen in Joe May's " Herrin which serves as an epilogue. Standing on the der Welt", died in Berhn aged 77, He was roof of the old university building on Mount the first post-war director of the Opera House. Scopus, now a deserted enclave under U.N. control. Helen Bentwich nostalgically looks Home \<>ir«: Peter llling appeared in Wede­ back to the times of the undivided city with kind's " Spring Awakening" at the Royal its mixed population, " Despite my deep Court Theatre,—Otto Preminger is producing admiration for the achievements of Israel, I and directing his new film, " Bunny Lake is feel infinitely sad as I remember the Jeru­ Missing ", with Sir Laurence Olivier and Noel salem where I once hved, and the hopes I then Coward on location in Hampstead and Soho. had for a peaceful and united Palestine," —The P.E.N. Centre of German-Speaking These hopes, alas, were not fulfilled, and peace Writers Abroad re-elected Ossip Kalenter as still romains an end worthy of the best of president and Gabriele Tergit as secretary. human endeavour. PEM Page 8 AJR INFORMATION June, 1965 RABBINER DR. ARTHUR LOEWENSTAMM IN MEMORIAM Mit Dr. Arthur Loewenstamm ist einer der letzten der alten deutschen Rabbinergenera- tion dahingegangen, DR. FRITZ DEMUTH EIN WORT DES ABSCHIEDS Er war 1882 in Ratibor, Oberschlesien, als With the death of Dr. Fritz Demuth at the Ein Freund von Dr. F, DEMUTH schreibt: Sohn einfacher, frommer Eltern geboren, age of 89 we have lost another outstanding Fritz Demuth war mein Altersgenosse und besuchte das Juedisch-Theologische Seminar member of the old generation among the mein aeltester Freund, Fast 60 Jahre haben in Breslau, das ihm das Rabbinerdiplom former refugees from Germany, He was born wir uns gekannt und verstanden. Den Tagen verlieh, und studierte gleichzeitig hauptsaech­ in Berhn as the scion of a family which had froher und unbeschwerter Geselligkeit in der lich Philosophie an der Breslauer Universitaet; been Uving in that city for several generations. alten Heimat folgten die Jahre ernster und oft sein Doktorat erwarb er sich in Erlangen nut As one of the Executive Directors of the bitterer Einsamkeit in der neuen. Unsere einer Dissertation ueber das System des Berhn " Industrie- und Handelskammer " and Freundschaft aber blieb unerschuettert, auch bedeutenden Philosophen und Physiologen of the " Deutsche Industrie- und Handelstag ", wenn unsere Anschauungen ueber das Welt- Rudolf Hermann Lotze. Theologie, Philosophie, he held a leading position in German geschehen in der neuen Zeit nicht immer die auch Geschichte sind die geistige Welt economics. At the same time, as a prominent gleichen waren, Denn fuer uns Beide war die geblieben, in der er lebte und an der er mit member of the German Democratic Party and Grundlage unserer Freundschaft Menschlich­ unermuedhchem Fleisse arbeitete. as a member of the " Vorlaeufige Reichswirt­ keit in allem Denken, Fuehlen und Handeln. Von 1911 an wirkte er als Rabbiner zunaechst schaftsrat ", he took an active part in the So ist das bleibende Denkmal, das Fritz in der oberschlesischen Stadt Pless, von 1917 political life under the Weimar Repubhc. Yet Demuth hinteriaesst, die Erinnerung an seine durch 22 Jahre in Spandau bei Berlin, Als his interests also covered the promotion of tatkraeftige und unermuedliche Arbeit in der Prediger, Lehrer und Seelsorger hat er in professional training and of scholarship. He •' Notgemeinschaft ". Sie gab den Meisten, die dieser Mittelgemcinde mit groesster Pflicht- therefore found particular satisfaction in his aus dem geistigen und wissenschaftlichen treue und liebevollster Hingabe seines Amtes work for the " Berliner Handelshochschule ", Leben Deutschlands vertrieben waren, die gewaltet. Die Naehe der Reichshauptstadt whose Chancellor he was, and he was also an Moeglichkeit zu neuer und sinnvoller Betaeti- ermoeglichte es ihm, an dem allgemeinen Executive Member of the " Notgemeinschaft gung. kulturellen Leben der deutschen Judenheit der Deutschen Wissenschaft", Das ist Fritz Demuths " monumentum aere aktiv teilzunehmen. Er wurde Praesident der It was a " Notgemeinschaft" with a different perennius ". Berthold Auerbach-Loge, der groessten Loge object which, in 1933, was founded by him L.Z. im deutschen Distrikt des Ordens B'nai B'rith, and others in Zurich, and which, later on, was und hat dessen Soziologie in einer noch heute REGIELBOGEN lesenswerten Abhandlung einer wissenschaft­ transferred to London under the name of lichen Untersuchung unterzogen. " Emergency Society of German Scholars in • Exile". As head of the organisation, Dr, Erst jetzt erfaehrt man. dass Regi Elbogen, Seiner Taetigkeit als Rabbiner machte der Demuth was instrumental in placing university die Witwe des juedischen Historikers Professor .Judenpogrom vom November, 1938, ein Ende. teachers and research workers who, as victims Dr. Ismar Elbogen (1874-1943), am 3, April Nach dem Brande der Spandauer Synagoge of the Nazi regime, had lost their positions in im Haag (Holland) gestorben ist. In wenigen wurde Loewenstamm nach dem KZ Sachsen­ Germany. During the war years the Society Monaten haette sie ihr 82. Lebensjahr vollen­ hausen verbracht und konnte erst spaet iin put its experience and connections at the den koennen. Vor einer Reihe von Jahren Jahre 1939 mit seiner Familie nach England disposal of the British Government and, in war sie von New York in die Niederlande uebersiedeln. wohin ihm seine aeltere Tochter co-operation with experts among the refugees, uebergesiedelt, um in der Naehe ihres in mit ihrem Mann vorangegangen war. Aucn rendered valuable services, especially in the Wassenaar lebenden Sohnes Herman Elbin zu hicr fand er fuer lange Jahre sein Heim nicht field of economic warfare. sein; ihre Tochter Shoshana Rosenberg- in der Grosstadt selbst, sondern in ihrer Naehe. Yet the activities of Dr, Demuth's dynamic, Elbogen ist in Tel Aviv ansaessig, Aber er schloss sich alsbald der in London knowledgeable and widely experienced per­ Unwillkuerlich denkt man an die Etagen bestehenden Vereinigung von Rabbinern aus sonalitv were never restricted to the organisa­ zurueck, die die Familie in den 20er and 30er Deutschland an. In dem aus ihr hervorgegan­ tional 'sphere. He always enjoyed personal Jahren im Berliner Hansaviertel, nahe der genen Seminar, das jeden Montag einen Kreis contact and exchange of views with people Spree, bewohnte. Da gab es Zeiten, in denen fuer juedische Wisenschaft Interessierter zu of all shades of political opinions and interests, die Frau des Hauses Muehe hatte, den viel­ Vorlesungen, zumal von Leo Baeck. vereinigte, and he will certainly have considered it as seitig beanspruchten Professor, der sich in war Loewenstamm lange Zeit als Organisator particularly gratifying that many members of seinem Verstaendnis fuer menschhche Sorgen taetig und beteiligte sich als einer der the younger generation felt attached to him. niemandem so leicht entzog, vor einem Zuviel Kenntnisreichsten, auf einer eigenen Meinung His office at Gordon Square and. later on, in an Besuchern zu bewahren. Sie entledigte fest beharrend, an den anschliessenden George Street, was a kind of clearing centre sich dieser mitunter nicht leichten Aufgabe Debatten. Sein ausgebreitetes, gediegenes for refugees. Before the war he also arranged mit taktvoU-unauffaelliger Sicherheit. Aber sie Wissen fand auch sonst gebuehrend Anerken­ regular discussions on political subjects, and blieb im Hintergrund ; auch in der juedischen nung : er wurde Director of Studies in der he resumed such meetings after the end of Oeffenthchkeit ist sie nie hervorgetreten. Society for Jewish Study und Mitglied dcr hostilities, first in an informal way and later Elbogens geistiges Erbe hat sie treu und Pruefungskommission von Rabbinatskan- on under the auspices of the " Theodor Heuss verstaendnisvoll bewahrt, Wie sehr sie mit didaten, die er vorbereitete, Auch die Society", of which he was one of the con­ dem wissenschafthchen Schaffen ihres Mannes Sichtung und Ordnung der zahlreichen venors from its inception until it was wound vertraut und verbunden war, zeigt vor allem Buecher, die in der West London Synagogue up a few years ago. He always followed up die von ihr 1946 in Amerika herausgegebene gesammelt waren, wurde ihm anvertraut, the work of the AJR with keen interest. Bibliographie, die das grosse und vielseitige Obwohl seiner Natur nach zuraeckgezogen, Repeatedly he expressed his appreciation of Werk des Historikers so ausgezeichnet hat er die seelische Anteilnahme an Menschen its achievements, and on many occasions we repraesentiert, und ihren Schicksalen nicht verloren, Er war had the benefit of his co-operation and advice. Regi Elbogen, in Breslau geboren, war eine ein liebevoUer Gatte und guetiger Vater, Der He would certainly not have considered it der Schwestera von Otto Klemperer, mit dcm schwerste Schlag, der ihn treffen konnte. war as a breach of confidence if this tribute is sie eine gewisse Aehnlichkeit hatte. der ploetzliche Tod seiner vortrefflichen concluded on a personal note. Dr, Demuth EG.L. Lebensgefaehrtin, vor nunmehr 13 Jahren, had gone the full road of what is sometimes FRIEDA HANF-WEINREICH Seinen Trost fand er in seiner Religion—er superficially labelled as " assimilation ". Yet bewahrte sich eine konservativ-liberale he was very well aware of the specific position The well-known social worker, Frieda Hanf- Lebensfuehrung—in der Liebe seiner Toechter of his community of origin, particularly with Weinreich, died suddenly in Haifa at the age und deren Ehegatten und Kinder—er durfte regard to its relationship to Germany, In the of 67. From 1923 to 1934 she held leading noch ein Urenkelkind erleben—und in seinen last conversation we had only a few weeks positions with the " Zentralwohlfahrtsstelle der vielen und wertvollen Buechern. die er, ein before his death he warned against an under­ Deutschen Juden " in Berlin and directed its rechter Gelehrter, als unentbehrUchen Schatz rating of the tension still existent. Such a departments for health, economic help and huetete. solange er sein Heim erhalten konnte. precautionary note is nothing exceptional, yet homes. After her emigration to Palestine Die letzten Jahre waren getruebt durch he formulated it in a way which one cannot she put her services at the disposal of einen fortschreitenden geistigen Verfall, Der easily forget, " The German Jews ", he said. the organisation of the Jews from Germany, Tod den er im Morris Feinmann Home, dem " have never forgotten the ' Rabbi von the Hitachdut Olej Germania (now Hitachdut juedischen Altersheim in Manchester, fand, Bacharach' story which happened 500 years Olej Merkaz Europa) and took charge of the kam ihm als Erloeser, ago, but some of them are easily inclined to organisation's employment and careers advice Vor 2i Jahren, anlaesslich seines 80, forget Hitler," Whilst the reservation, bureau. When the State of Israel was estab­ Geburtstages, durfte er noch einmal die Treue reflected in these words, never prevented his lished she became an official of the Welfare seiner einstigen Gemeindemitglieder. die Dank­ working for an understanding with post-war Ministry. She retired a few years ago but barkeit seiner vielen, ueberallhin verstreuten Germany, it indicated at the same time the continued her welfare activities in Haifa in Schueler und die Zuneigung seiner Kollegen in attitude with which he approached this task. a voluntary capacity. reichstem Masse erfahren ; mit ihnen alien All those who knew Dr. Demuth and worked war er stets in persoenlicher oder schriftlicher with or under him for one of the many causes RABBI DR. KURT WILHELM Verbindung gebheben. Treue, Dankbarkeit which he had espoused in the course of a long, It is learned with deep regret that Dr. Kurt und Zuneigung sichern diesem vorbildlichen rich and successful life, will remember him Wilhelm, Chief Rabbi of Sweden, has died in Vertreter seines Standes ein unausloeschliches with respect, aflection and gratitude, Stockholm at thc age of 65. A full appreciation ehrendes Andenken, W. ROSENSTOCK. will be published in the next issue. DR. GEORG SALZBERGER, AJR INFORMATION June, 1966 Page 9 OBITVARY MARTYRS REMEMBERED "JEWS IN GERMANY TODAY" GUENTHER BENJAMIN London Gathering A One-Sided TV Broadcast Guenther Benjamin died in Sydney at the The annual Meeting in Memory of the A recent feature of the BBC-TV series, age of 72. Though he was only known to a Warsaw Ghetto Uprising and of the Six ' European Journal", was supposed to give comparatively restricted circle of people, his Million Jewish Martyrs was held on April 25 viewers some insight into the life of the Jews fate, which bears all the marks of an exile, and at the Shaftesbury Theatre, As in previous in Germany. We were shown a university his political idealism call for a tribute to him. years, the AJR was among the organisations lecturer of Frankfurt with her packed He came from a Berlin family and was which sponsored the function, suitcase, ready to leave Germany at shortest related to Stadthagen, the well-known Social Mr, F, Ashe Lincoln, speaking on behalf of notice in case of an emergency ; we saw the Democratic member of the Reichstag, and to both Ajex and the World Jewish Congress, survivor of a concentration camp, full of dis­ the Jandorfs, the owners of the Berlin depart­ said that the Federal German Government trust of the Germans in whose midst he has ment stores. A printing expert, he was tech­ had not yet done full justice in the question now been hving for many years ; we saw a nical director of the Arbeiter-Illustrierte of prosecuting war criminals, for whom there Jewish youth club and were told of the com­ Zeitung until 1933. At the same time he was must be no time limit, plete isolation in which the young Jewish active in politics and journalism. In 1927 he Mr, D. Kupferman, chairman of the Polish generation grows up. If this were a full pic­ was one of the German delegates to the first Jewish Ex-Servicemen's Association, recalled ture of Jewish " life " in Germany, one would anti-colonial congress in Brussels. During the the Jewish youths walled up by the Nazis in fail to understand why, apart from the very metal workers' strike in Berlin he organised the Warsaw Ghetto, Although there was no old ones, the Jews in Germany have not drawn soup kitchens to feed the strikers and to hope of survival they proved that Jews could the only possible conclusion from such a suffo­ bolster up their morale. fight and the Germans had to bring up heavy cating situation and left for Israel or other Arrested in March, 1933. he was one of guns and tanks to defeat them. countries. those who had to run the gauntlet to the S.A. Sir Elwyn Jones, Q.C., M.P., the Attorney- However, in the view of people who can barracks in Friedrichstrasse 252. Count Hell- General, who was a member of the prosecuting speak from inside knowledge, the film does dorf, S.A, Chief of Berlin, had picked him out; team in Nuremburg, was the main speaker. not convey a correct picture of the position. obviously, he felt happy to give vent to his With deep emotion he recalled the horrors Reviewing the broadcast, E.G.L, writes in the animal instincts when he noticed a Jewish which came to light during the proceedings. " Allgemeine Wochenzeitung der Juden jn face. He hit Benjamin on the head with the Speaking of the Race Relations Bill, Sir Elwyn Deutschland ":',.. maybe due to ignorance butt of his revolver, and Benjamin received a said we had to stop evil men from poisoning or to insufficient preparatory research, the brain concussion which, for some time, affected the minds of other people and of children chance of giving a balanced description of his speech. particularly and to protect the dignity of Jewish life in post-war Germany has been After his release he took the precaution of exposed minorities. missed, . , , The uninformed viewer cannot not returning to his flat. He knew that the Sir Barnett Janner, M.P,. and Mr. Reginald know that many Jewish children visit German S,A, would be waiting for him there to pro­ Freeson, M.P., also addressed the Meeting. schools without feehng isolated, that there are ceed to the second stage : KZ. Instead, he Jewish university teachers, industrialists, escaped to the Netherlands, pretending that judges, civil servants, doctors and lawyers. he was on a cattle-purchasing mission. From Ceremony at Cenotaph . . . The life of the Jews in Germany, burdened there he went to France, where, at this early bv the happenings of the past, may be stage, conditions for refugees were very hard, In memory of those who perished in the abnormal to a certain degree. Yet it should For some time he worked in a vineyard. Then, concentration camps, a brief non-denomina­ be below the standard of a responsible broad­ following the suggestion of his wife, who came tional service, followed by the laying of casting company to pass, lightheartedly, from Kaunas, he went to Lithuania and edited wreaths, was held at the Cenotaph on May 9, judgement on a whole community and to try an anti-Nazi organ Ostseebeobachter, in the 20th anniversary of the end of the war and prove a foregone conclusion by singling Memel. Reahsing that this outpost would be in Europe. The sponsors of the ceremony out a few brief interviews," lost very soon, he proceeded to Prague, where included the High Commissioner for Refugees In a reply to the German Press Agency, the he wrote articles for economic papers and for and several organisations of camp survivors General Secretary of the " Zentralrat der the dailies of the Melantrich group. and resistance fighters. Juden in Deutschland ", Dr. H. G. van Dam, When the Nazis occupied Prague in 1939 the described the broadcast as " scandalous ", It Lithuanian Minister brought him out of the was typical of the spirit of the film, he said, city in his CD. car. His wife had advised him New Yorkers' Tribute that, to show the contrast a carnival dance of to go first, hoping that, somehow, she would young Germans was blended with a snapshot manage to follow. Their daughter had already Several thousand people jammed Times of an urn containing concentration camp oeen sent to England. Benjamin crossed the Square, which had been renamed " Warsaw ashes, Dr, van Dam also criticised that only Polish frontier, but he was never to see his Ghetto Square " for the day, in commemora­ extracts from the extreme right-wing Deutsche wife and his son again ; they did not get their tion of the victims of the Holocaust and to Nationalzeitung und Soldatenzeitung were visas in time and perished. He never recovered mark the uprisings in the Ghetto. A reiteration read out in the film, whereas no views on the from this blow, whose details he only learnt of the pledge that New York City would create subject expressed by other German periodicals after 1945, a memorial to the Warsaw Ghetto heroes and were quoted. Via Katowice, where he met friends of his the six million martyrs was made by Mayor who had also fled from Prague, he reached Wagner. A message from Governor Rocke­ Great Britain just before the outbreak of war. feller proclaimed the day " Warsaw Ghetto RHEYDT HONOURS MEMORY OF JEWISH for some years he worked in a war factory Day ", CITIZEN and later on went back to journalism. In the Rabbi Dr, Max Nussbaum, president of the 30s, when his health was deteriorating, he Zionist Organisation of America, called upon A street between the railway station and the became restless. The climate did not agree the United States to ratify the U.N. Genocide Limitenstrasse in Rheydt has been renamed with him and he hoped for an improvement Convention which 67 nations have already • Moses-Stern-Strasse" in memory of the jn San Remo. But he could not stand the signed. He called the failure of the U.S.A, founder of the textiles factory Herz & Stern, 'oneUness and decided to join his daughter to do so " incomprehensible ". The Rheydter Stadtpost recalls that as far who had meanwhile married and lived in back as 1897 Moses Stern employed 260 ^ustraha. There his suffering ended, after a weavers. In 1906, he endowed a trust for the hfe in ten countries. French Ceremonies benefit of destitute citizens who were reluctant Despite all the upheavals he had to to ask for assistance. The Moses Stern ^counter, he was never bitter. Inspired by France honoured the war-time victims of Trust was dissolved in 1934, and the founder's '"artin Buber. he was a true humamst, kind Nazi deportation at ceremonies all over the sons, Julius and Arthur Stern, were forced to and helpful, dedicating himself to the task of country. In Paris, the French Prime Minister, emigrate. Moses Stem himself had died in serving mankind. HANS JAEGER. M. Georges Pompidou, attended a ceremony 1932. By commemorating Moses Stern, the organised at the Memorial to the Unknown municipality of Rheydt also wishes to pay Jewish Martyr by the Minister for Ex-Service­ tribute to the services rendered to the city DR. EGON ZEITLIN men, M. Jean Sainteny, and laid a wreath. by all its former Jewish fellow-citizens. Dr. Egon Zeithn died in Frankfurt/Main at The ceremony was attended by high digni­ the age of 65, Before 1933 he was assistant taries, both Jewish and non-Jewish, t« his uncle. Dr. Leon Zeithn (formerly Berlin. Rabbi Kaplan and the Chief Rabbi of Paris. FEDERAL CROSS OF MERIT "OW; London), at that time a well-known Rabbi Meyer Jais, conducted a memorial ser­ The Federal Cross of Merit, First Class, adviser to several trades organisations. He vice at the main synagogue, attended bv was awarded to Mr, Fritz Segall (London). ^migrated to Palestine, where he was soon representatives of President de Gaulle and of He is the Chairman of the Association of appointed to a high governmental position. the French Government. German Social Democrats in Great Britain, 'O the early '50s he returned to (Jermany and The Soviet Foreign Minister, Mr, Andrei and also the representative in this country settled in Frankfurt. He was one of the Gromyko, was among the 2.000 people who of the Executive of the German Social tounders of the re-estabhshed B'nai B'rith attended the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising meeting Democratic Party. On account of his political ^odge in Frankfurt and became its first presi­ held in Paris. M. Fred Menachem, chairman activities, Mr. Segall was imprisoned when the dent. He took a keen interest in the activities of the liaison committee of Jewish youth move­ Nazis came to power. Later on he worked Ol Jewish interaational organisations and also ments in France, took the opportunity to with the ' Juedische Kuenstlerhilfe ". Berlin, {Earned out research work on Jewish socio­ appeal for the ending of Soviet discrimination until he emigrated shortly before the outbreak logical subjects. against her two-and-a-half milhon Jews. of war. Page 10 AJR INFORMATION June, 1965 MENDELSSOHN ARCHIVES IN BERLIN EXHIBITION OF OLD MASTER PAINTINGS The Mendelssohn Collection has been trans­ Alfred Brod Gallery ferred from Basle to Berlin-Dahlem. It is now accommodated in a villa on the site of the State Archives and will form the nucleus of a It is a strange and somewhat bewildering Ravesteyn's striking still-life does the exact comprehensive Mendelssohn Archive designed experience to cross over from the Exhibition opposite. The objects have very clearly not only as a memorial but also as a research of Venetian Drawings of the eighteenth cen­ defined outlines which are, if anything, institute. enhanced by the hghting. Nothing is secret, About three-quarters of the collection refer tury to the comprehensive Show of Dutch to the composer, and one-quarter to Moses Paintings at the Brod Gallery. Needless to no enigmatic correspondences between the Mendelssohn. Its transfer was arranged by the say that the Dutch works mostly date from objects—we are left with admiration for the president of the Felix-Mendelssohn-Bartholdy- the seventeenth century. What a difference painter's craft. Gesellschaft (Basle), the banker Hugo von between the two centuries, what a difference Most reveahng to go from there to a French Mendelssohn, who handed it over to the Stii- between the two national temperaments and piece of the beginning of the nineteenth cen­ tung Preussischer Kulturbesitz. The collection the two countries. And yet there are also tury: just a basket of nuts and a nutcracker. had been built up by the former BerUn lawyer, some striking common features. The Vene­ Realism or materialism have taken over com­ Hermann Meyer. In 1933, it was removed to tians never overstep the decorum of conven­ Jersualem and from there, in 1959, to Switzer­ pletely. It was left to our own century to land. It consists of documents, letters, pic­ tional morahty ; with one exception there are restore to this genre the symbolic content and tures and a Ubrary. The most valuable part no drawings of nudes. The Venetians have the deeper meaning. is the Moses .Mendelssohn Library, com­ their still-lifes in their townscapes and Last but not least we see a portrait which prising 3,000 books, among them not only au capricci. It is true they produced any number is attributed to Tintoretto, We remember the the works written by the philosopher, but also of religious paintings and drawings which the great Venetian's self-portraits at the Victoria most of the publications about him. Dutch, of course, did not. But these Northern The Swiss musicologist Max F. Schneider Italians wear their rehgion so lightly and so and Albert Museum and at the Louvre. Here who was in charge of the Basle collection wi" the likeness of Palma Giovane shows the same also be the Director of the new Archives m joyfully that their handling of the subject qualities: directness, simplicity and unosten­ gives you almost the same feehng as the tatious humanity. A moving picture, who­ Berhn, _ ^ T friendly interiors in the Dutch manner— E.G.L. minus the exuberance. ever its composer. A. ROSENBERG. The Dutch exhibition is astonishingly large, SILESIAN REMINISCENCES most enjoyable and instractive, A galaxy of HOCH'SCHE KONSERVATORIUM Among the 21 authors who contributed to a famous names: Jacob van Ruisdael, Jan recently published Memorial Book "Meine Davidsz de Heem, Pieter Wouverman, to name Anniversary of Founder's Birth Schlesischen Jahre " (Editor, Herbert HupKa, only a few, Bartholomeus Breenbergh shows On the occasion of the 150th anniversary of Graefe & Unzer Verlag, Munich) are the laie how to treat a landscape, and an Italian at his birth, the founder of the Hoch'sche art historian Franz Landsberger and the autnoi that, as quietly as a still life. A brownish- Konservatorium fuer Musik (Frankfurt/Main), Dr. Max Tau. „ greenish colouring predominates, the stillness Dr. Joseph Hoch (1815-1874), was comme­ Professor Landsberger, who until 1.9^ is complete. morated in many public tributes. Among the taught at Breslau University and also editeu There are a great number of real still-lifes musicians who taught at the conservatory were the " Schlesische Monatshefte ", recalls artistit the composer Bernhard Sekles (Frankfurt events and personalities of his Breslau d^y»- on view. The greatest Dutch painter of this 1872-1934), the conductor, Dr, Lothar Waller­ He died last year in Cincinnati. Dr. Max 1 an. genre, Willem Kalf, is represented by an stein (died in New York in 1941) and the who now lives in Oslo, describes his youth m Interior. His chiaroscuro imparts to any paint­ composer Matthias Seiber (since 1935 in Beuthen where he was brought up, ing the quality of a mystery. Hubertus van London, died in 1960), E,G,L,

ALFRED BROD GALLERY

a/ did ModteK Stamtittg^ and

36 SACKVILLE STREET, PICCADILLY, LONDON, W.l REGENT 7883 AJR INFORMATION June, 1965 Page 11

Herbert Freeden (Jerusalem) clamours for an active foreign policy, has never abandoned its claims for a Jewish State on both sides of the Jordan river, calls for immediate retaUation against ingressions on THE END OF THE UBERAL PARTY the border, and uncompromisingly hates the Jews from Central Europe have always had not favourable to small groupings, and four Germans, as they hated the British against a leaning towards LiberaUsm. Notwithstand­ years ago, after much soul-searching, the Pro­ whom they conducted a terror campaign in the ing the fact that many had found their place gressives combined with the General Zionists closing years of the Mandate, In cultural in the Socialist camp, some even at its extreme in forming the Liberal Party, much heralded questions, probably bowing to their electorate Left, the bulk of German Jews, for instance, as " The Alternative "—intending to give the of small traders and Oriental Jews, they go faithfully adhered to the Democratic Party voters at last a choice to express their hand in hand with the religious parties. of the Weimar RepubUc. When they came disagreement with the Mapai-dominated Tired of being in opposition, the Herat to Israel they sought groupings " left of the Governments, without swinging to any leaders tempted the Liberals with the bait of centre" which would give expression to extreme. But the " Sammlung der bUrger­ once and for all breaking the Mapai domina­ their progressive and liberal ideas. The lichen Krafte " did not fulfil its expectations. tion in Israel's political and public life— majority found a political home in the move­ For four years the Liberal Party remained together they would constitute " The Alterna­ ment of "Aliyah Hadashah", which, critical of in opposition, where it was only too often tive ", They offered not only freedom of chauvinism, strove to advance humanistic overshadowed by its bigger and more voci­ action in such controversial questions as Ger­ ideals. ferous neighbour on the Right, Herut. Alto­ many and religion, but also safe seats on the gether, opposition parties in Israel have a list for the next Knesset elections in Novem­ With the founding of the State and a new very doubtful function and are condemned to ber. A majority of between 60 per cent and political reahty, " Aliyah Hadashah" dis­ steriUty and protestations. When the Social- 70 per cent of the Liberals decided to accept banded and a substantial part of its followers Democratic Government party, Mapai, sought the offer. founded the " Progressive Party ". Its chair­ an alignment with the leftist Ahduth Avodah. A spht was unavoidable, and the former man was Pinkas Rosen, and in the first ten contacts were established between members of Progressives formed what they now call the years of the State this small party, which had the Liberal and Herut parties, to counter this " Independent Liberal Party ", led by Pinkas never more than six representatives in the alignment on the Left with a unification of the Rosen, Benno Cohn and Gideon Hausner, who Knesset, nevertheless wielded a strong influ­ forces in the " bourgeois" camp. Although was State Attorney in the Eichmann Trial. ence on Government policy, mostly as a mem­ the two parties had certain principles of They believe that at a time when the Left-wing ber of the coalition. As the link between the economic policy in common, mainly the parties increasingly tend to implement their Socialist labour front and the Conservative interests of the private sector of the economy Sociahst policies and the Conservatives move right flank, its task was one of moderation vh-d-vis the co-operative and collective sector, more to the Right, there is a need for keeping and arbitration. there were strong differences on questions of the balance and preserving the idea of But developments in the poUtical field were foreign policy and cultural problems. Herut Liberalism.

Whatever your figure whatever the occasion ^t .the W&vUi

JOY

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have the foundation for you Page 12 AJR INFORMATION June, 1965

one asked the question "How could it LEO BAECK INSTITUTE happen ? ' it was to these years that one might well look for an answer. The conclusion suggested by the study was that there existed Tenth Anniversary Reception in Germany on the eve of Hitler's accession to To mark the tenth anniversary of the Leo reUgious and intellectual, social and cultural. power a genuine Jewish problem the magni­ Baeck Institute and to introduce the Institute's Furthermore, in the ten years of its existence tude of which was, however, frequently latest pubhcation, a reception was held, by the Institute had published more than thirty underrated, especially among non-Jews, I" courtesy of Mrs. L, Horovitz, at Phaidon House books, some of them of documentary character, retrospect, we now know that not only a form (London). Many outstanding Jewish and non- in EngUsh, German and Hebrew, He described of German-Jewish partnership was at stake Jewish scholars and well-known personalities the history of German Jewry from the period which, however problematical, had favoured associated with the efforts of the Institute of enlightenment to its bitter end as the story the creation of enormous positive values, but were present. of the entry of a minority which had been kept that, beyond this, the future of (Germany and The new book, " Entscheidungsjahr 1932— separated into the full compass of European indeed of Europe also hung in the balance. Zur Judenfrage in der Endphase der Weimarer civilisation. Today, Dr, Weltsch said, the world The problems which then existed in Germany Republik", is a s>Tn- might arise—albeit in a much attenuated for© posium on the situa­ —wherever an assimilated minority shared in tion of the Jews in the life of a non-Jewish majority. Germany immediately Mr. H. I. Miller, managing director of the before the Hitler East and West Library and of Phaidon Press, regime. It has been stated that East and West Library had been edited by Professor founded by the late Mr. Bela Horovitz to Wemer E, Mosse, continue the scholarship which had marked Professor of Euro­ the cuUural Ufe of German Jewry, When pean History at the the Leo Baeck Institute was founded ten years University of East ago. East and West Library was therefore Anglia and a Board pleased to assist in the continuation of this member of the Insti­ great cultural tradition by publishing the tute, with the assist- Year Books and some other books of the ance of Arnold Institute, The older Year Books were noW Paucker, The book is exceedingly rare and they were more ana the first of a number more in demand. It was fitting, Mr, MiUer of research projects said, that the celebration of the tenth anniver­ in which scholars, sary should be expressed by the publication mostly from British of a new book. and German univer­ sities, collaborate in analysing the more PERETZ REMEMBERED recent decades of [Photo : " Jewish Chronicle ' Jews all over Poland commemorated the 50tb German-Jewish his­ anniversary of the death of I, L. Peretz, tne tory. A full review Professor W. E. Mosse addressing the Gathering famous Yiddish writer and poet. Special meet­ will be published in ings to pay tribute to his Uterary achievements " AJR Information " shortly. increasingly recognises the phenomenon of were held in Warsaw, Cracow and other towns. Thousands visited his grave in the Warsaw At the reception Dr, Robert Weltsch, Direc­ German Jewry as one of general importance. Jewish cemetery, where S. An-Ski, author ot tor of the Leo Baeck Institute in Britain and In launching the new book. Professor Mosse "The Dybbuk", and Jacob Dinesohn, are editor of the Institute's Year Book, stated that stated that the situation of the Jews in also buried, Folks-Sztyme, the Warsaw Yid­ the nine volumes of the Year Book—the tenth Germany in the years immediately preceding dish journal, issued a supplement in Polisn is now in preparation—included more than a Hitler's " Machtergreifung" had not been with extracts of Peretz's works translated for hundred monographs on various aspects of treated systematically before. If, with refer­ the younger generation of Polish Jews and for German-Jewish history, political and economic. ence to the later tragedy of European Jewry, Poles interested in Jewish literature.

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BRANCHES IN MAIN TOWNS STANDARD SEWING MACHINE SERVICE Ltd II ELITE TYPEWRITER Co. Ltd. WEL. 2S28 All Makts Bought. Sold & EKChjtigml. R«palrt. Malntantnca. •Sl 18 CRAWFORD STREET. BAKER STREET. W.l AJR INFORMATION June, 1965 Page 13 H. W. Freyhan its components. The relevant observations are spread over many chapters—as much a dis­ advantage as the absence of a complete list of works in the appendix. The treatment meted NEW FACTS ABOUT FELIX MENDELSSOHN out to the individual works strikes me as some­ what partial: while there is no lack of valu­ Among the outstanding men of German- are aware that much of Mendelssohn's work able comment, especially on some lesser-known Jewish origin, Felix Mendelssohn presents a has weathered the storm and that his evalua­ compositions, other works get rather short case of particular historic significance. It fell tion, after recovering from the anti-Victorian shrift: their evaluation is often quite summary to him, the grandson of the initiator of cul­ reaction, continues in a state of fluctuation. and smacks of the award of " marks ", In my tural emancipation, not only to become (with But his general standing apart, his whole view, the author might have been more daring Meyerbeer) the first Jewish-born composer to artistic mentaUty, his stylistic affinities, and in trying to establish a link between the atmo­ reach world fame but, at the same time, to above all the deep absorption of some of his sphere of the music and the personal and achieve a degree of integration with German works in German musical Ufe before and after historical background, music and thus of successful assimilation the Nazi period, all this should secure him a A liberal selection of contemporary and later which has hardly been surpassed in the annals place among the German masters. criticism is provided, but here one would have of German-Jewish cultural history. welcomed more quotations from Schumann, Although the Mendelssohn literature is not which would have emphasised the enthusiasm Recognition came readily his way: he lacking in quantity, there has long been a felt by this typically German genius, and also enjoyed the paternal friendship of Goethe, the need for a modern biography at scholarly level, from the deeplj appreciative writings of enthusiastic admiration of Schumann and of and this gap has now largely been filled by EngUsh scholars like Tovey and Philip Rad­ other distinguished musicians; the King of Eric Werner's recent work.* The German- cUffe. Prussia, Friedrich Wilhelm IV, did his utmost Jewish author, now in the U.S.A., is a leading These reservations are not intended to to secure his services, while the young Queen authority on the history of Jewish music ; as belittle Werner's achievement, but they do Victoria and her husband gave him a most was to be expected, his assessment of Mendels­ imply the need for continued research if a cordial and informal welcome at Buckingham sohn's Jewish background, to which a whole truly appreciative, if not uncritical, view of Palace (even to the extent of displaying their chapter is given, derives from an intimate Mendelssohn's art and a fresh image of the own not inconsiderable musical talents before knowledge and understanding. But the composer is to emerge. him). His music met with spontaneous greatest merit of the book lies in the One of the most important results of response, especially in Germany and England, considerable amount of original research on Werner's biographical studies lies in his new and some of his songs penetrated German which it is based, notably the examination of assessment of Mendelssohn's attitude towards musical life down to the broad masses, hitherto unpublished material, including his Jewish origin. Felix's situation was rather acquiring almost the status of folk-songs. It numerous compositions as well as letters. Jt unique ; not only did he hail from the leading hardly occurred to the German choirs which is regrettable that not all the extant material stratum of German-Jewish society, but he was sang " o Taeler weit" or " Wer hat dich, du has been at his disposal; some of it is in the grandson of the most prominent German schoener Wald" to question the composer's East Germany, inviting further research. Jew of the eighteenth century, Moses Mendels­ German-ness, which Wagner did after Mendels­ As most monographs of this kind, the book sohn had played the decisive part in breaking sohn's death, followed by some lesser fry, but comprises a study of both life and works. This down the cultural Ghetto walls; he had hardly by any non-German scholars. is generally done in separate chapters which enjoyed the respect of Kant and the friendship The later reaction against Mendelssohn's are co-ordinated according to biographical of Lessing, for whose Nathan he was the music was not primarily caused by racial periods. Unfortunately, however, this method model. The family pride of the Mendelssohns prejudice; one can rather assume that racial is not always adhered to. One also misses a was extremely strong, even to a degree of reasons were superimposed on an aversion systematic survey of Mendelssohn's style and clannishness, and it naturally included, also which sprang from a fundamental change of • Eric Werner : Mendelssohn : A New Image of the Composer and his Age. Transl. Dika Newlin. Collier- musical taste and artistic outlook. Today we Macmillan Ltd,, London, 95s, {Continued on page 14, column 1)

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76, Wells Street, 117 Great Portland Street, W.l London, W.l London W.l TeL: LANgham 3264/0878 (P.B.X.) Grams.: FLEXATEX LONDON, TELEX. INT. TELEX 2-3540 Page 14 AJR INFORMATION June, 1965 Nor should there be a Christian Mendelssohn, New Facts About Felix Mendelssohn for my father himself did not want to be a Christian. 'Mendelssohn' does and always will stand for a Judaism in transition. . . ." (Continued from page 13) neither did it warp his pride in his Jewish Felix was apologetic but hardly complied origin. He showed a keen interest in the But it may well be that he harboured a grudge for the converts, this illustrious ancestor who progress of Jewish emancipation in Germany against his uncle Bartholdy who had also tried had been an Orthodox Jew. His memory was and in England. In 1833, on a visit to London, to dissuade Abraham from a musical career worshipped even by those whose attitude to he attended the relevant debate in the House for his son. In any case, the Jewish-sounding Judaism had become quite negative. of Commons and—in a hitherto unpublished family name did not worry him! We can letter—reported home : " This moming they hardly assume that a change of name would In Felix's harmonious, well-balanced nature, have emancipated the Jews ; that pleases me have prevented Wagner's antisemitic attacks, however, there was not a trace of that Jewish tremendously. After a number of Jew-baiters let alone the Nazi ban of Felix's music. self-hatred which poisoned so many in his . . . had twaddled unctuously, Mr. Robert Yet another incident illustrates FeUx's situation. His denominational status had at Grant, the sponsor of the Bill, concluded with unbiased approach. His younger sister had first been left in abeyance, but he was baptised the question, whether they beUeved they complained to him about a distant Jewish at an early age, and the sincerity of his existed in order to fulfil the prophecies of relative who had "intruded" in BerUn's high Protestantism is unquestionable, unUke that Scripture. . , , Thereupon followed ayes 187 society. " I am not hostile to Jews, but this is of other converts. and noes 52, This is quite noble and beautiful a bit thick." Felix's reply was: " What do Nevertheless he, too, was not spared some and makes me proud." you mean by saying that you are not hostile to adverse experiences resulting from his origin. When an Orthodox Polish-Jewish virtuoso Jews ? I hope this was just a joke ; otherwise In 1819, a year of anti-Jewish outbreaks all enraptured the BerUn pubUc Felix invited him I would take you to task most seriously. 1' over Germany, the ten-year-old boy was and his friends, all PoUsh Jews, to his home. is really sweet of you that you do not despise stopped in the street by a Prussian prince I cannot quite follow Werner when he des­ your entire family, isn't it? I expect from who spat out before him, calling out: " Hep, cribes Fanny's more detached reaction as a you a full explanation in your next letter." hep, Jew-boy! " Five years later, on a holi­ symptom of Jewish self-hatred. Lost to Judaism through no fault of his, a sin­ day at Dobberan, he and his sister Fanny were Quite significant is Felix's reluctance to give cere Protestant and deeply attached to German similarly insulted by street urchins. But the up his family name for that of " Bartholdy ", culture, he regarded his Jewish origin with most wounding experience was the appoint­ as his father demanded. This name had been equanimity and even with pride. Thus, "i" ment of a mediocre musician as successor of adopted by his mother's brother, an early con­ his case, the conflict between Germanism and Felix's teacher, Zelter, to the directorship of vert of the family, who had persuaded FeUx's Judaism came as close to a solution as the the Berlin Singakademie whose choir FeUx father to have his children baptised, adding German nation would permit" (Werner). had conducted in the historic revival of Bach's the suggestion that they should bear his new Although he had to undergo some ugly anti- " St. Matthew Passion" only three years surname, " da es die Art ist, auch mein Jewish experiences he did not Uve to witness earlier. His Protestant upbringing obviously Andenken bei ihnen zu erhalten "—a strange the antisemitic rejection of his art by his one­ did not sufiice to make him eligible. The remainder of Jewish family feeling ! time admirer, Wagner. Another detractor, minutes of the relevant meetings are still Since FeUx continued to use the old name H. J. Moser, has found it possible, after 1945. unpublished and were not available to Werner, on his concert programmes, his father to concede him some "oberste Leistungen_ but there is ample evidence that racial preju­ reproached him in a long letter, in which he and " kristallklare Sauberkeit der Gesinnung dice had played its part. reminded him that his own father had changed As the ghosts of the past gradually vanish his Thus Felix, always a most welcome guest in his original name, Moses ben Mendel Dessau, music begins to reclaim its rights in Germany- the house of the greatest German, was made into Mendelssohn, thus becoming " irrevocably the country where it undoubtedly has its painfully aware of the more sinister streaks in detached from an entire class, the best of strongest roots. German life. How did he react ? It certainly whom he raised to his own level.. .. That name The overrating of the national aspects ot did not detract from his genuine German Mendelssohn acquired a Messianic import and music has ceased to be fashionable, but m patriotism (which never degenerated into a significance which defies extinction. This, Mendelssohn's case, after aU that has hap­ chauvinism, as shown by his refusal to compose considering that you were reared a Christian, pened, some clarification of his national the anti-French Rhine song of 1840), and it did you can hardly understand, A Christian affinities is a necessity. This done, his worK not impede his decision to stay in Germany Mendelssohn is an impossibility, A Christian can be accorded its rightful place in the rather than use his opportunities abroad, but Mendelssohn the world would never recognise. heritage of European music.

FAMILY EVENTS Men Jewish family with Jewish family tionate and friendly, own nice MAN with 7-cwt, brand-new car in London for approximately six house, capital, business, has two Entries in this column are free of wants driver/salesman job. Box months from June. 1965, as pay­ sons, 19 and 15. wishes to meet charge. Texts should be sent in by 568. ing guest. Willing to give German widow 48 to 55. smart and con­ the 18th of the month. and,/or French lessons. Please genial, kind-hearted, preferably HEATING ENGINEER, retired, reply to Mrs, H, Ries, Gesegnet- business lady, view marriage- Deaths M.I.H.V.E., undertakes designs, mattstr, 1, CH 6000, Lucerne, Replies, with recent photo, wel­ C h o t z e n.—Mrs, Grete Chotzen takes off quantities, supervises all. Switzerland. come. Box 571. passed away in her 84th year on Moderate fee. Box 567. May 22, Remembered with SELF-CONTAINED, central-heated, MISSING PERSONS affection by her daughter, Mrs, BOOKKEEPER, experienced, up to 1-room flat wanted, N.W. London, Enquiries by AJR Suzanne Lackner, 53 Eton Hall, Trial Balance. P.A.Y.E., seeks part- preferably near Kiiburn, by single London, N,W,3, her granddaughter time post. Box 572. lady. Box 569, Heidenheimer. — Edith Heiden- Helene, relations and friends, heimer (possibly married by now), Women Miscellaneous born about 1920, formerly em­ Wertheim.—Mr, Max Wertheim NURSE REQUIRES POST, St. ployed by Frankfurt Jewish Com­ passed away in his 79th year on John's Wood, Hampstead, Baker SUPERFLUOUS HAIR removed munity, last known address: 1^* March 17. after a long illness. Street or West End areas. Day duty safely and permanently by experi­ Rathcoole Gardens, London, N.8. Remembered by his family and his or nights, non-residential. 'Phone enced Physiotherapist and Elec- Information is required aboU* widow, Mrs, Greta Wertheim, 82 Hirsch, MAIda Vale 4390. trologist, Mrs, Dutch, D.R.E,, Bertha Neumann (n6e KeUner). Brondesbury Road, London, N.W,6. INVOICE TYPIST/CLERK, middle- R,M.T., 239 Willesden Lane, N.W,2, born in Prague, divorced from aged, experienced, seeks full-time 'Phone WILlesden 1849, Miloslaw Steiner, last known work. Box 564. address: Zuideramstellan 48, An>- CLASSIFIED ALTERATIONS WANTED? sterdam, and Mr. Hans Joseph and 'Phone experienced dressmaker for Situations Vacant COOK, experienced, seeks part- Mrs. Charlotte Reinach (nee time work in private household. best work, HAMpstead 8775. Wallach) from Amsterdam, Women Box 565. Personal Orchudesch.—Mrs, Gertrude Hsf EXPERIENCED COOK required Accommodation Vacant Orchudesch, last known address • once weekly, N,W.8, Box 563, MY SISTER, middle-aged, serious, ELDERLY LADY offers rent-free intelligent and independent, seeks 66 George Street. Richmond, Sur­ Situations Wanted furnished room and amenities the acquaintance of educated, rey, wanted in connection with a (Golders Green) to middle-aged or elderly lonely gentleman; object restitution matter. HOMEWORK wanted by men and elderly lady. Good references, companionship. Box 561, Stein.—Engineer Karl Stein, iot- women, eg., figure work, address­ please. Box 570, merly associated with Elektro ing envelopes, unskilled labour. WIDOWER, 63, quaUfied accoun­ Cosmos Prague 2, about 68/1*' Details to Miss A, Levy, AJR, 8 Accommodation Wanted tant and company director, years, emigrated to England i" Fairfax Mansions, London, N,W,3, ACCOMMODATION WANTED for Viennese. British, young appear­ 1939. Sought by former colleague 'Phone MAIda Vale 4449 19-year-old daughter of Swiss ance and outlook, modern, affec­ from Prague. AJR INFORMATION June, 1965 Page 15 deftly dealt with: a railway ticket here, a coat there and sometimes just some cash. I AJR GENERAL MEETING The " Jiidischer Frauenbund '. however, iww inspired by the three far-seeing women, Bertha -^s readers will have seen from the front Mr, W. Jonas, Dr. A, Kaufmann, Mr, H, E. Pappenheim, Frau Prof. Freimann and page of this issue, the AJR General Meeting Kiewe, Dr. L. G. T. King, Mrs. F. Kochmann, Hanruih Karminski. The latter, young, beauti­ will be held on Thursday, June 17, at 8 p.m,, Rabbi Jakob J, Kokotek, Dr, H, W, Kugelmann, ful, intelligent and warmhearted, was a devoted at Zion House, 57 Eton Avenue, Swiss Cottage, Dr, H, H. Kuttner, Dr. H. Lawton, Dr, Julius disciple of Bertha Pappenheim, who had N,W,3, In view of the manifold achievements Loeb, Mr. Ludwig Loewenthal, Dr. E. G, brought about a revolution in Jewish welfare of the AJR during the past year and of various Lowenthal, Mr. JuUus Lowenthal, Dr. E. for the Jewi^ mother. This was all the more new plans at present under consideration the Magnus, Rabbi Dr. I. Maybaum, Mr. Perez astonishing' as, like Bertha Pappenheim, meeting will be of special interest to all our Mosbacher, Dr. H. Neufeld, Mrs, H, Philipp, Hannah Karminski remained unmarried all her members, A report on recent developments Mr, E. Plaut, Mrs, M, Pottlitzer, Dr, Eva life and was rather a mother to all in trouble. in the fields of restitution and compensation Reichmann. Mr. Z. M. Reid, Dr. E. Reifenberg These women recognised or brought into the will also be given. It is hoped that the meet­ (Gabriele Tergit), Mr. A. Reimann, Mr. J. open the problem of the unmarried Jewish ing will be attended by many of our members Sachs, Rabbi Dr. G. Salzberger, Mr. F. Samson, mother, a problem which until then had been and their friends. Mr. F. Schonbeck, Mrs. M. Schurmann, Dr, W, treated as rather hu.sh-hv.sh or as non-existent. The agenda includes the election of the SeUg, Mr, P. E. Shields, Mr. E. Speyer, Mr. hon. officers. The following proposals are Julius Strauss, Mr, G, Streat, Mr, G, L. Tietz, It was Bertha Pappenheim who, together submitted by the executive : Dr U. Tietz, Mr. 0. Weisz, Dr. Valerie Wills, with Hannah Karminski and other helpers, . Committee of Management (Executive): It Dr. Leon Zeitlin, Rabbi Dr. W. Van der Zyl. created and planned the " Heim d^s Jiidischen IS proposed to co-opt to the present Executive The Board also includes representatives from Frauenbundes" in Neu-Isenburg near Frank­ the following new members who have, so far, the provincial groups. furt, where unmarried mothers with their served on the AJR Board and who also take an It is proposed to elect the following new chilkren as well as girls morally in danger active part in the work for the Homes: Mr. members to the Board : Mrs, A. Berent. Mr, found a true home. At a time when homes of C, F, Flesch (Member of the Management Com­ O. E. FrankUvn, Mrs. Lore Meyer. Dr. Fanny this kind were usvxilly run as institutions, the mittee for the Homes), Mr. E. K. Heyman Spitzer and Dr. Charlotte Wittelshoefer. Isenburg Home was split up into family utiits, (Member of Leo Baeck House Committee) and giving the young women the kind of amenities Mr. H. C, Mayer (Member of Otto Hirsch House they would have had in their own homes under Committee). It is also proposed to elect Dr. Letter to the Editor normal circumstances. A. R, Horwell, an Executive Member, as a HANNAH KARMINSKI Under the leadership of these women 1 my­ trustee in succession to Mr, H. Bendhem who self learned that self-discipline, compassion passed away. The proposals for the next Sir,—The notice in your May issue that the and understanding for others were indis­ ^jXecutive are therefore as follows : Mr, A, S. AJR Club House is to be ruimed after Hanrmh pensable qualities of a welfare worker. The |Jresel (Chairman), Mr, W, M. Behr (Vice- Karminski brings back to my mind memories memory of these pioneers in Jewish welfare chairman), Dr. F. E. Falk (Treasurer), Dr. W. which I think are worthwhile to be related to tvork must be kept alive for ever. Kosenstock (General Secretary), Mr. S. Bisch- your readers in order to recall the advanced Yoitrs €tc. neim (Trustee), Mr. H. Blumenau, Mr, C, F. state of Jewish welfare work at a time when MRS. L. LIBROWICZ (nee Schwab). Jlesch, Mr, H, S, Garfield, Mr. E, K. Heyman, welfare work or " Wohlfahrtspflege," as it was 212 Bradford Road, fr. V. E. Hilton (Trustee), Dr. A. R. Horwell called then, was a purely voluntary occupation Shipley, Yorks. (Trustee), Dr. K. Krotos, Mr. H. C. Maver, Mr. and very far removed from the recognised V-; T. Marx, Mr. R, Schneider, Mr. F. W. Ury, profession of trained welfare workers of today. THE HYPHEN Mrs. L. Wechsler, It was shortly after the end of the First The June programme of the Hyphen Board: It is proposed to re-elect the members World War that I, a young school-leaver, joined includes " At Homes," theatre visits and Of the present Board. They are : Dr, P, Abel, the staff (if one could call it that) of the rambles. Details about the activities of the Mrs, R, Abels, Mr. R. Apt, Dr, S, Auerbach, " Jiidischer Frauenbund " in the Langestrasse Hyphen may be obtained from the Hon, Mrs. R. Berlak, Mrs. R. BerUn, Mr. S. Boehm, in Frankfurt/Main. It was accommodated in Secretary: Miss Beatrice Leigh, 5 Western "r. J. Bondi, Dr, W, Breslauer, Dr. R, Bright, a bleak building which also housed organisa­ Avenue, London, N,W,11. «abbi I, Broch, Dr. W. Dux, Dr. L. Engel, Mr. tions like the "Judische Tuberkulose- ^- Eschwege, Mr. J. Feig, Dr. H. Feld, Dr. H, fiirsorge," and last, but not least, an important MARCH ISSUE OF "AJR INFORMATION" *leischhacker, Mr, K, Friedlander, Mr, R. J. organisation which went under the terrible r^riedmann. Dr. R. Fuchs, Mr. F. Godfrev, Mrs. name of " Almosenkasten ". The people who Copies Wanted ^-hsabeth Goldschmidt, Dr. Erna Goldschmidt, worked there were well meaning, and they The supply of March, 1965, issues of " AJR "r- F. Goldschmidt, Dr. E. Gould, Dr. L. Gutt- passed the time of their retirement dispens­ Information " has run out. It would be greatly ^ann, C,B,E., Mr, S, F. Hallgarten, Mrs. G. ing charity with a golden heart, but in a very appreciated if readers who can spare their Hambourg, Mr. E, Haymann. Mr. Herbert M, archaic way. A small but most energetic copies kindly send them to the AJR, 8 Fairfax "irsch, Mrs, Susanne Horwell, Mrs, M, Jacoby, woman ruled over the office, and callers were Mansions, London, N,W,3, Catering with a difference HARROGATE foods of all rations for formal or informal occasions—in your own home 'THE HOUSE ON THE HILL' ROSEMOUNT Comfortably furnished bed-sitting­ or any venue. 17 Porsifal Rood, N.W.6 rooms for short or long periods. Free consultations—please 'phone Nursery and Kindergarten Central heating. Meals by HAMpsfeod 5856 & 8565 arrongement. 5 NETHERHALL GARDENS, N.W.3 THE BOARDING HOUSE WITH CULTURE Mrs. ILLY LIEBERMAN A Home for vou MRS. M. EGER, WEStern 2872 Prospectus from the Principal, HAM. 1662 Elderly people welcomed 3 SPRINGFIELD AVENUE, HARROGATE

SIMAR HOUSE The Exclusive "THE CONTINENTAL" AJR CHARITABLE The private Continentol Hotel Solon de Corseferie 9 Church Rood, 10-12 Herbert Rood Southbourne, Bournemouth TRUST (Bournemouth 48804) BOURNEMOUTH WEST Mme H. LIEBERG These ore the woys in which you As always, the House with the 871 FINCHLEY ROAD, N.W.II Focing sea; 2 comfortable lounges, can help : home-like atmosphere dining-room (seats 30). TV. ond its beautiful gardens. 'Phone : SPEedwell 8673 C0NTRiBUTI0h4S UNDER Central heating, car pork, large CENTRAUY HEATED COVENANT garden. Cin lieu of your membership subscription Open the whole yeor Ready-mode ond to measure. to tKe AJR) DIETS on request Open oil the yeor. A Covenant conr^mlts the covenanter Within e«sv reach ot Sea and Town Centre Newest shades in hosiery. for a period of seven vears or for his lifetime, vvhichever period is shorter. Mrs. MARGOT SMITH EXPERT & QUALIFIED FITTERS Brochure : 'Phone; Westbcurne 64176 Mr. & Mrs. H. Schreiber. GIFTS IN YOUR LIFETIME A BEQUEST IN YOUR WILL COMFORTABLE HOME Do you wont comfort and HOUSE ARLET" every convenience, Ask for partctulars from : »7 ST, GABRIEL'S ROAD. N.W.2 FOR OLD LADIES Thc Secretary. AIR Charitable Trust, ^tsttors to London and permanent guests First-Class Accommodation a Fairfax Mansions, London, N,W.3. •re welcomed in mv exclusively furnished room with own bath, excellent Continental and cultivated Private Hotel, food. TV. lot^nge, gardens ? f. Occasional meals provided. Moderote Terms ^ntral heating throughout. Garden, Mrs. A. WOLFF. Space donated bv •v, etc. Good residential district. 68 Shoot-up Hill, N.W.2 TRADE CUTTERS LIMITED. 'Phoae : CLA. 4029 3 Hemstal Road, N.W.6 Britannia Works, 2S St, Pancras War, MRS. LOTTE SCHWARZ 'Phane : GLA. 5838 (MAI. 8521) N,W,1. Page 16 AJR INFORMATION June, 1965

RABBI DR. FRITZ PINKUSS 60 Cultural News Rabbi Dr. Fritz Pinkuss (Sao Paulo) recently celebrated his 60th birthday. After the completion of his studies he was District Rabbi of Heidelberg from 1930 to 1936, An POPE'S HOMILY " LINKS OF BROTHERHOOD " appointment at Heidelberg University wa^ offered to him in 1932 but did not materialise Pope Paul VI, in a homily delivered at a In an Apostolic Brief, Pope Paul has warmly owing to the subsequent political changes. I" Rome parish church, spoke of ", , . the Jewish praised efforts towards " links of brother­ Sao Paulo, he was one of the founders of the people who, although predestined to await hood " by men of study and action from Congregacao Israelita Paulista, established by the coming of the Messiah at the right moment, different nations and different social religious immigrants from Central Europe in 1936. He not only did not recognise him but fought, backgrounds. He has established an Inter­ has been the Rabbi of that Congregation since, insulted and finally killed him ". national Pro Deo Union to work for these aims. and, in this capacity, played a decisive part m Announcement of the establishment of the the constant expansion of its membership (also The Chief Rabbi of Rome and the president Union came at ceremonies honouring an among young people) and activities. At the of the Union of Italian Jewish Communities American-Jewish philanthropist, the late same time, he has been Professor of Hebrew sent a telegram to the Vatican Secretary of Mr, Henry Kaufmann, in which senior church at the State University since 1945, His works State, saying that the Pope had, in his address, dignitaries headed by the Vatican Secretary include translations of the Liberal Prayer renewed the old charge of deicide levelled of State participated,—(J,C.) Books into Portuguese (jointly with Rabbi Dr^ against the Jews, An " unofficial note " from Lemle). He was also one of the founders the Vatican expressed surprise at the telegram, (1956) of "Centra", the Federation of Soutn describing it as being motivated " by reasons RELIGIOUS FREEDOM CONVENTION American congregations built up by Central which do not appear to have any justification ", European immigrants, and of the Rabbinical The Pope, the note stated, had been referring The 2Ist session of the United Nations Seminary in Buenos Aires (1961), where ne to " the traditional interpretation of historical also acts as a guest professor, fact". Human Rights Commission ended in Geneva after producing agreement on only the first GERMAN BROADCAST ON CRUCIFIXION The only Catholic journal in Italy to mention three of the convention's 15 Articles, Further the matter was the Turin newspaper. discussions were postponed until the session On Good Friday, the Sueddeutsche Ku"f' La Stampa, which published an interview next year in New York, The Commission funk (Stuttgart) broadcast a discussion on tne with Cardinal Bea, Reinforcing the paper's referred to the U.N. a resolution condemning subject "Schuld am Kreuz", The speakers comment that Pope Paul had had no anti­ Nazi war criminals. were : Dr, Paul Winter (London), Rechtsan­ semitic intentions. Cardinal Bea said that a The session had made little progress in walt Otto Kuester (Stuttgart) and Professor distinction had to be made iq interpreting the adopting an international convention on Walter Zimmerli (Goettingen), Pope's words correctly. His remarks had been religious freedom which, in draft form, was DUTCH ARTISTS' RESISTANCE PRIZE couched " in the terms used by the Gospels the major item on the agenda. Whereas the The Netherlands Foundation of Artists in the way it is customary to preach, not in Western nations wanted agreement on the the technical language of a decree . . . inclusion of specific rights to write and publish Resistance, 1942-45, has awarded one of its two addressed to the entire world and to all kinds religious books and texts and to teach and 1965 literary prizes to Mr. Leo Vroman, wno of people ", Pope Paul recognised the Jews disseminate all religions, Russia and the Com­ writes mainly poetry. Together with his wife, as already partially redeemed, said the munist block were against this. Israel made he escaped from Holland to New York during Cardinal as evidenced by the changes ordered strong charges that the U.S.S.R, is systemati­ the German occupation, where he has liveo by him in the Good Friday " Prayer for the cally withdrawing the right to practise their ever since though continuing to write i" Jews",—(J,C.) faith from Russian Jews.—(J.C) Dutch.—(J.C)

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