DOCSLIB.ORG

University of Southampton Research Repository Eprints Soton

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON FACULTY OF HUMANITIES History Contesting Memory: New Perspectives on the Kindertransport by Jennifer Craig-Norton Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2014 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT FACULTY OF HUMANITIES History Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy CONTESTING MEMORY: NEW PERSPECTIVES ON THE KINDERTRANSPORT Jennifer Craig-Norton The Kindertransport – the government facilitated but privately funded movement that brought 10,000 unaccompanied mostly Jewish children from Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia and Poland to the UK by 1940 – has been celebrated as a humanitarian act of rescue by the British government and people. The existing literature on the movement has been dominated by a reductionist and redemptive narrative emphasising the children’s survival, minimising their less positive experiences and outcomes and erasing the parents from the story. The administrative details of the programme centred on the Refugee Children’s Movement have been well covered in existing academic studies that have utilised publicly available archival records, but the examination of Kindertransportees’ experiences in the UK has depended almost entirely upon the memoirs and testimonies of former child refugees, largely because of restrictions on their after-care records. Archival gaps and the extensive use of Kinder memory have resulted in a historiography that has not adequately addressed the complexity and range of the children’s experiences. This study challenges the dominant memory of the Kindertransport using newly discovered archival sources. The case files of more than 100 German-born children who were brought to England from Poland are the basis for an investigation of both the particularities of their lives and the universalities of their experiences to the Kindertransport as a whole. The perspectives of the major Kindertransport actors – the refugee organisations, the everyday carers, the children and their parents – inform this analysis, contributing new insights on their interactions, motivations, attitudes and actions. Particular attention is paid to issues of religion, agency, gender, identity and writing the parents back into the Kindertransport narrative. In addition to contesting the memory of the Kindertransport, the documentation facilitates a critical investigation of Kinder memory. Using both recorded testimony from this group of Kinder and interviews with many of the still-living Kinder and their families, Kinder memory and archival documentation are interrogated, resulting in a synthesis that challenges both sources and produces new understandings of the Kindertransport and its legacies. i ii Contents ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................... i Table of Contents ........................................................................................................... iii DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP .......................................................................... v Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................ vii Definitions and Abbreviations ....................................................................................... 1 Manuscript Notes and Photographic Information ....................................................... 3 Introduction: .................................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 1:The Organisations ...................................................................................... 31 I. Kindertransport Organisations: From Conception to Cooperation ................... 34 II. The Organisations and Religion .......................................................................... 56 III. The Kinder and the Organisations ..................................................................... 72 IV. The Organisations: New Perspectives ............................................................... 91 Chapter 2:The Carers ................................................................................................... 95 I. Voluntary Foster Carers ....................................................................................... 98 II. Fostering the Children of Relatives ................................................................... 136 III. Evacuation Foster Carers ................................................................................. 142 IV. Local Refugee Workers ..................................................................................... 151 V. Hostel Matrons and Managers .......................................................................... 157 VI. Teachers ............................................................................................................. 162 VII. Everyday Carers: New Perspectives .............................................................. 170 Chapter 3:The Children ............................................................................................. 173 I. Dependence and Agency ...................................................................................... 175 II. Identity ................................................................................................................. 209 III. The Children: New Perspectives..……………………………………………233 iii Chapter 4: The Parents ............................................................................................. 235 I. December 1938-August 1939 ............................................................................... 240 II. Wartime Letters .................................................................................................. 270 III. Refugees and Survivors .................................................................................... 290 IV. The Parents: New Perspectives ........................................................................ 297 Contesting Memory..................................................................................................... 299 Picture Credits............................................................................................................. 303 Bibliography ................................................................................................................ 307 iv DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP I, Jennifer Craig-Norton declare that this thesis and the work presented in it are my own and has been generated by me as the result of my own original research. Contesting Memory: New Perspectives on the Kindertransport I confirm that: 1. This work was done wholly or mainly while in candidature for a research degree at this University; 2. Where any part of this thesis has previously been submitted for a degree or any other qualification at this University or any other institution, this has been clearly stated; 3. Where I have consulted the published work of others, this is always clearly attributed; 4. Where I have quoted from the work of others, the source is always given. With the exception of such quotations, this thesis is entirely my own work; 5. I have acknowledged all main sources of help; 6. Where the thesis is based on work done by myself jointly with others, I have made clear exactly what was done by others and what I have contributed myself; 7. None of this work has been published before submission. Signed: ............................................................................................................................................. Date: ................................................................................................................................................. v vi Acknowledgements This project has brought me into contact with a very large number of people around the globe, all of whom deserve thanks and appreciation. Foremost, my profound gratitude to the many former Kinder and their families who have shared their personal and often painful stories, opened their homes and lent precious documents to me. In particular, I must express my deepest gratitude to Herbert Haberberg, who graciously and over many cups of tea answered all my questions, lent me his parents’ letters and allowed his life story to scaffold my narrative. My deepest gratitude to the former Kinder I met: Henry Alpern, DB, Gerald Lieder, Rebecka Krenzler Scherer and Grete Dukat Sole, and to those with whom I spoke or wrote: YH, Gerd Korman, Manfred Lindenbaum and Fannie Obst. All have been unfailingly generous in sharing their stories with me, and their contributions have been invaluable. Special thanks to Deborah Clements and Helen
Recommended publications
  • University of Cincinnati

    University of Cincinnati

    UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI Date: August 6th, 2007 I, __________________Julia K. Baker,__________ _____ hereby submit this work as part of the requirements for the degree of: Doctorate of Philosophy in: German Studies It is entitled: The Return of the Child Exile: Re-enactment of Childhood Trauma in Jewish Life-Writing and Documentary Film This work and its defense approved by: Chair: Dr. Katharina Gerstenberger Dr. Sara Friedrichsmeyer Dr. Todd Herzog The Return of the Child Exile: Re-enactment of Childhood Trauma in Jewish Life-Writing and Documentary Film A Dissertation submitted to the Division of Research and Advanced Studies University of Cincinnati In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of DOCTORATE OF PHILOSOPHY (Ph.D.) In the Department of German Studies Of the College of Arts and Sciences 2007 by Julia K. Baker M.A., Bowling Green State University, 2000 M.A., Karl Franzens University, Graz, Austria, 1998 Committee Chair: Katharina Gerstenberger ABSTRACT “The Return of the Child Exile: Re-enactment of Childhood Trauma in Jewish Life- Writing and Documentary Film” is a study of the literary responses of writers who were Jewish children in hiding and exile during World War II and of documentary films on the topic of refugee children and children in exile. The goal of this dissertation is to investigate the relationships between trauma, memory, fantasy and narrative in a close reading/viewing of different forms of Jewish life-writing and documentary film by means of a scientifically informed approach to childhood trauma. Chapter 1 discusses the reception of Binjamin Wilkomirski’s Fragments (1994), which was hailed as a paradigmatic traumatic narrative written by a child survivor before it was discovered to be a fictional text based on the author’s invented Jewish life-story.
  • Fear and Terror: the Expulsion of Polish Jews from Saxony/Germany in October 1938 Uta Larkey Goucher College, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Fear and Terror: the Expulsion of Polish Jews from Saxony/Germany in October 1938 Uta Larkey Goucher College, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Fear and Terror: The Expulsion of Polish Jews from Saxony/Germany in October 1938 Uta Larkey Goucher College, Baltimore, MD, USA ABSTRACT This article is a regional study that focuses on the expulsion of Jews with Polish citizenship from Saxony, mostly long-term legal residents of Germany, in the context of the so- called ‘Polenaktion’ (27–29 October 1938). The article gives a brief overview of the expulsion of Polish Jews from Germany and highlights the special circumstances in Saxony, specifically in Leipzig. The article examines the role of the local police forces in carrying out the arrests and transports to the German–Polish border. It further draws attention to the tumultuous situation near Beuthen (Bytom) where the distressed expellees were chased across the border into Polish territory. The article also traces the steps of individuals and families after their disorienting arrival in Poland. Finally it addresses the question of the ‘returnees’ – a limited number of expellees who were allowed to return to their hometowns in Germany for a short period in order to take care of their businesses, financial affairs and apartments. Highlighting Saxony as one example, this article shows that the brutal mass expulsion of Polish Jews from Germany was not only an unprecedented act of mass violence and viciousness against Jews in Germany, but also became a precursor, a ‘test case,’ for subsequent mass deportations. The Security Service of the Reichsführer-SS and the Main Office of the Security Police most likely did not have fully developed plans for mass deportations ready in October 1938. However, the Nazi authorities could draw on their experiences during the Polenaktion with regard to logistics, coordination of administrative steps and offices, panic control, intimidation, and brutality.
  • Information Issued by the Association of Jewish Refugees in Great Britain • Fairfax Mansions

    Information Issued by the Association of Jewish Refugees in Great Britain • Fairfax Mansions

    Vol. XVII No. 7 July, 1962 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN • FAIRFAX MANSIONS. FINCHLEY RD. (corner Fairfax Rd.). London. N.W.I Offset and ConMuUiitg Hours: Telephone: MAIda Vale 9096/7 (General OIkce and Welfare tor tha Aged) Moi\day to Thursday 10 a.in.—I p.m. 3—6 p.m MAIda Vale 4449 (Employment Agency, annually licensed bv the L.C.C,, and Social Services Dept.) Friday 10 ajn.—l p.m. Ernst Kahn Austrian baroque civilisation, tried to cope with their situation. Schnitzler, more fortunate than Weininger, if only through his exterior circum­ stances, knew much about the psychological struc­ THE YOUNG GENERATION CARRIES ON ture of Viennese middle-class s(Kiety and Jewry. The twilight, uncertainly and loneliness of the human soul attracted him, but his erotism is half- Sixth Year Book of the Leo Baeck Institute playful, half-sorrowful and does not deceive him about the truth that ". to write means to sit Those amongst us who remember our German- To some extent these achievements were due to in judgment over one's self". It enabled him to Jewish past are bound to wonder who will carry the Rabbi's charm which attracted Polish Jews objectivise the inner struggles of Jews who sought On with the elucidation of the relevant problems and German high-ranking officers and aristocrats the " Way into the Open ", i.e., into assimilation in once the older witnesses are no longer available. alike with whom he collaborated very closely. its different forms. The Year Book 1961* brings this home to us by This went so far that the German officials called Weininger.
  • The Kindertransport: History and Memory

    The Kindertransport: History and Memory

    THE KINDERTRANSPORT: HISTORY AND MEMORY Jennifer A. Norton B.A., Australian National University, 1976 THESIS Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in HISTORY at CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, SACRAMENTO FALL 2010 © 2010 Jennifer A. Norton ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii THE KINDERTRANSPORT: HISTORY AND MEMORY A Thesis by Jennifer A. Norton Approved by: __________________________________, Committee Chair Dr. Katerina Lagos __________________________________, Second Reader Dr. Mona Siegel ____________________________ Date iii Student: Jennifer A. Norton I certify that this student has met the requirements for format contained in the University format manual, and that this thesis is suitable for shelving in the Library and credit is to be awarded for the thesis. __________________________, Department Chair ___________________ Dr. Aaron Cohen Date Department of History iv Abstract of THE KINDERTRANSPORT: HISTORY AND MEMORY by Jennifer A. Norton The Kindertransport, a British scheme to bring unaccompanied mostly Jewish refugee children threatened by Nazism to Great Britain, occupies a unique place in modern British history. In the months leading up to the Second World War, it brought over 10,000 children under the age of seventeen into the United Kingdom without their parents, to be fostered by British families and re-emigrated when they turned eighteen. Mostly forgotten in the post-war period, the Kindertransport was rediscovered in the late 1980s when a fiftieth anniversary reunion was organized. Celebrated as an unprecedented act of benevolent rescue by a generous British Parliament and people, the Kindertransport has been subjected to little academic scrutiny. The salvation construct assumes that the Kinder, who were mostly silent for fifty years, experienced little hardship and that their survival more than compensated for any trauma they suffered.
  • March 19, 1981 30¢ Per C:O P)'

    March 19, 1981 30¢ Per C:O P)'

    --- R. I. Jewish Historical Association 11 1 30 Sessions Street Providence, RI 02906 Support Jewish Read By Agencies More Than With Your 40,000 Membershi p People THE ONLY ENGLISH-JEWISH WEEKLY IN R. I. AND SOUTHEAST MAS S. VOLUME LXVIII, NUMBER 17 THURSDAY MARCH 19, 1981 _30¢ PER C:O P)'. Israelis Form New Party, Urge "The Cults And Our Children," Withdrawal From West Bank Topic For Annual Interfaith Day J ERUSALEM -Plans to establish a · from the Civil Rights Party, will lead the can­ Rabbi M a urice Davis , nationall y political party to e ncourage Is ra e li didate list for the pa rty, followed by Be n­ recogni zed a uthority on the cult and family withdrawal from the occupied West Bank, venisti. "Continuation of the occupation is life, will be the keynote speake r during this were announced by a small number of unbearable," said Benvenisti , "in terms of y,,ar s Annual Interfaith Day sponsored by Israelis affi li a ted with the Peace Now move­ moral values, international isolation, distor­ the Siste rhood of Temple Beth-El. His topic ment. tion of allocation of resources for pressing in­ will be " The C ults and Our C hildren·· to be The part y, call ed the Peace and Civil ternal ~~eds and endange ring the peace presented on Sunday, March 29 at the Te m­ Liberties Move ment, wi ll run in the June 30 process. ple Beth-El meeting Hall, 70 Orchard Ave., parliamentary elections, according to Meron Benvenisti said that while Jordanian law is Providence.
  • November 1938 Die Katastrophe Vor Der Katastrophe

    November 1938 Die Katastrophe Vor Der Katastrophe

    Unverkäufliche Leseprobe Raphael Gross November 1938 Die Katastrophe vor der Katastrophe 128 Seiten, Paperback ISBN: 978-3-406-65470-1 Weitere Informationen finden Sie hier: http://www.chbeck.de/12369902 © Verlag C.H.Beck oHG, München Prolog Novemberpogrome 1938 Das ende der deutsch-jüdischen epoche Das Jahr 1938 war für die noch in Deutschland lebenden Juden katastrophal verlaufen. Der deutsch­jüdische Romanist Victor Klemperer notierte Silvester 1938: «Ich las gestern flüchtig das Tagebuch 1938 durch. Das Résumé von 37 behauptet, der Gip­ fel der Trostlosigkeit und des Unerträglichen sei erreicht. Und doch enthält das Jahr, mit dem heutigen Zustand verglichen, noch soviel Gutes, soviel (alles ist relativ!) Freiheit.» Denn bis Anfang Dezember 1937 hatte Klemperer noch Zugang zur Bibliothek. Im folgenden Jahr ging es dann immer deutlicher abwärts: «Erst der österreichische Triumph. […] Dann im Sep­ tember die gescheiterte Hoffnung auf den erlösenden Krieg. Und dann eben der entscheidende Schlag. Seit der Grünspanaf­ faire das Inferno.» Über viele Stufen hinab war Klemperer in die Hölle gelangt: vom «Anschluss» Österreichs an Nazideutsch­ land im März 1938 über das Münchner Abkommen vom 30. September bis zu den Novemberpogromen, der «Reichskris­ tallnacht», für die das Attentat von Herschel Grynszpan auf den deutschen Diplomaten Ernst vom Rath als Vorwand diente. Und doch befürchtete Klemperer noch Schlimmeres: «Die rela­ tive Ruhe der letzten Wochen darf nicht täuschen: in ein paar Monaten sind wir hier zuende – oder die andern. In der letzten Zeit habe ich nun wirklich alles Menschenmögliche versucht, um hier herauszukommen: das Verzeichnis meiner Schriften und meine SOS­Rufe sind überallhin gegangen: nach Lima, nach Jerusalem, nach Sidney, an die Quäker in Livingstone.» Klemperer sitzt Silvester 1938 in der Falle.
  • Art Deco : a Mode of Mobility

    Art Deco : a Mode of Mobility

    Épine 0,5788 po. – 320 p. – 140 M Prix 9 PHYLLIS-LAMBERT atrimoine urbain atrimoine urbain Prize 2011 his book argues that mobility is the central theme of the interwar mode of design known today as Art Deco. It is present on the very surfaces of Art Deco objects and architecture – in iconography and general formal qualities (whether the zigzag rectilinear forms WINDOVER MICHAEL popular in the 1920s or curvilinear streamlining of the 1930s). By focussing on mobility as a means of tying the seemingly disparate quali- ties of Art Deco together, Michael Windover shows how the surface-level expressions correspond as well with underpinning systems of mobility, including those associated with migration, transportation, commodity exchange, capital, and communication. Journeying across the globe – from a skyscraper in Vancouv er, B.C., to a department store in Los Angeles, and from super-cinemas in Bombay (Mumbai) to radio cabinets in Canadian living rooms – this richly illustrated book examines the reach of Art Deco as it affected public cultures. Windover’s innovative perspective exposes some of the socio- political consequences of this “mode of mobility” and offers some reasons as to how and why Art Deco was incorporated into everyday lifestyles around the world. MICHAEL WINDOVER, Ph.D., is an Assistant Professor in the School for Studies in Art & Culture at Carleton University in Ottawa where he teaches in the History and Theory of Architecture Program. His research interests focus on modern visual and material culture, especially designed Michael environments in the twentieth century. Windover Foreword by A MODE OF MOBILITY . Rhodri Windsor Liscombe ART DECO ART ISBN 978-2-7605-3512-1 Presses ,!7IC7G0-fdfbcb! de l’Université PUQ.CA du Québec 3512-Couvert.indd All Pages 12-08-21 10:55 atrimoine urbain Series edited by Lucie K.
  • Over 300 Survivors and Descendants of Survivors and Victims of the Nazi Genocide Condemn Israel’S Assault on Gaza

    Over 300 Survivors and Descendants of Survivors and Victims of the Nazi Genocide Condemn Israel’S Assault on Gaza

    Over 300 Survivors and Descendants of Survivors and Victims of the Nazi Genocide Condemn Israel’s Assault on Gaza Jewish survivors and descendants of survivors and victims of Nazi genocide unequivocally condemn the massacre of Palestinians in Gaza As Jewish survivors and descendants of survivors and victims of the Nazi genocide we unequivocally condemn the massacre of Palestinians in Gaza and the ongoing occupation and colonization of historic Palestine. We further condemn the United States for providing Israel with the funding to carry out the attack, and Western states more generally for using their diplomatic muscle to protect Israel from condemnation. Genocide begins with the silence of the world. We are alarmed by the extreme, racist dehumanization of Palestinians in Israeli society, which has reached a fever-pitch. In Israel, politicians and pundits in The Times of Israel and The Jerusalem Post have called openly for genocide of Palestinians and right-wing Israelis are adopting Neo-Nazi insignia. Furthermore, we are disgusted and outraged by Elie Wiesel’s abuse of our history in these pages to justify the unjustifiable: Israel’s wholesale effort to destroy Gaza and the murder of more than 2,000 Palestinians, including many hundreds of children. Nothing can justify bombing UN shelters, homes, hospitals and universities. Nothing can justify depriving people of electricity and water. We must raise our collective voices and use our collective power to bring about an end to all forms of racism, including the ongoing genocide of Palestinian people. We call for an immediate end to the siege against and blockade of Gaza.
  • The Salvation of the Kindertransport: a Ray of Hope for Nearly Ten

    The Salvation of the Kindertransport: a Ray of Hope for Nearly Ten

    Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC Honors Theses University Honors Program 5-2003 The alS vation of the Kindertransport: a Ray of Hope for Nearly Ten Thousand Jewish Children Cheryl Holder Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/uhp_theses Recommended Citation Holder, Cheryl, "The alvS ation of the Kindertransport: a Ray of Hope for Nearly Ten Thousand Jewish Children" (2003). Honors Theses. Paper 251. This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the University Honors Program at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Cheryl Holder Professor Thomas Thibeault UHON 499, Section 701 (Honors Thesis) 9 May 2003 The Salvation ofthe Kindertransport: A Ray ofHope for Nearly Ten Thousand Jewish Children INTRODUCTION From the beginning oftime, humanity has seen conflicts, uprisings and wars between cultures, religions and boundaries making the world a continual battlefield throughout its existence. At one time or another the entire world at some point has witnessed the brunt of these continual paths ofdestruction and horror. And over time, these conflicts have originated for different reasons: acquiring wealth and additional land mass, hatred or greed against a culture, taking control over the weak, political and religious beliefs, protection of an existing culture or lifestyle, fear, revenge or retaliation, and bad judgment. These wars are never initiated by the innocent ofthe world, especially the children, but are forced upon them in such brutal ways that it is hard to fathom that mankind at times can be so insanely cruel, unjust and incomprehensible to their very existence or plight.
  • Jews Step Forward

    Jews Step Forward

    The Link www.ameu.org Page 1 Published by Americans for The Link Middle East Understanding, Inc. Volume 52, Issue 1 Link Archives: www.ameu.org January-March 2019 Jews Step Forward By Documentary Filmmaker Marjorie Wright The Link www.ameu.org Page 2 AMEU Board of Directors Jane Adas, President About This Issue Elizabeth D. Barlow Earlier this year I was invited to a showing of the documentary film Edward Dillon Jews Step Forward. Henrietta Goelet John Goelet At the end, with the film credits running, I recall whispering to the Richard Hobson,Treasurer person next to me that it was the most powerful documentary I had Anne R. Joyce, Vice President seen on the subject of Jewish-American support for Palestinian rights. Janet McMahon This was not yet another “talking heads” shoot. Rather, it wove the John F. Mahoney, Ex. Director biographies of the individuals interviewed with historic footage of the Darrel D. Meyers events that shaped their lives: from the Holocaust to the Nakba, from Brian Mulligan Kristallnacht to Israel’s military occupation. Daniel Norton Thomas Suárez And not only had I not heard of the film, I didn’t recognize the name of the filmmaker. All the more surprising since, as Google President-Emeritus would later enlighten me, Marjorie Wright, in 2008, wrote and co- Robert L. Norberg produced “Voices from Inside, Israelis Speak,” which received the Arpa Foundation’s Armin T. Wegner award for its promotion of social AMEU justice and human rights. And, again, in 2013, Marjorie was executive National Council director of “Voices Across the Divide,” that chronicled the Palestinian Kathleen Christison narrative of loss, occupation, statelessness and immigration to the Henry Clifford Paul Findley United States.
  • A Rhetorical History of the British Constitution of Israel, 1917-1948

    A Rhetorical History of the British Constitution of Israel, 1917-1948

    A RHETORICAL HISTORY OF THE BRITISH CONSTITUTION OF ISRAEL, 1917-1948 by BENJAMIN ROSWELL BATES (Under the Direction of Celeste Condit) ABSTRACT The Arab-Israeli conflict has long been presented as eternal and irresolvable. A rhetorical history argues that the standard narrative can be challenged by considering it a series of rhetorical problems. These rhetorical problems can be reconstructed by drawing on primary sources as well as publicly presented texts. A methodology for doing rhetorical history that draws on Michael Calvin McGee's fragmentation thesis is offered. Four theoretical concepts (the archive, institutional intent, peripheral text, and center text) are articulated. British Colonial Office archives, London Times coverage, and British Parliamentary debates are used to interpret four publicly presented rhetorical acts. In 1915-7, Britain issued the Balfour Declaration and the McMahon-Hussein correspondence. Although these documents are treated as promises in the standard narrative, they are ambiguous declarations. As ambiguous documents, these texts offer opportunities for constitutive readings as well as limiting interpretations. In 1922, the Mandate for Palestine was issued to correct this vagueness. Rather than treating the Mandate as a response to the debate between realist foreign policy and self-determination, Winston Churchill used epideictic rhetoric to foreclose a policy discussion in favor of a vote on Britain's honour. As such, the Mandate did not account for Wilsonian drives in the post-War international sphere. After Arab riots and boycotts highlighted this problem, a commission was appointed to investigate new policy approaches. In the White Paper of 1939, a rhetoric of investigation limited Britain's consideration of possible policies.
  • THE GALITZIANER Volume 26, Number 4 December 2019

    THE GALITZIANER Volume 26, Number 4 December 2019

    The Quarterly Research Journal of Gesher Galicia THE GALITZIANER Volume 26, Number 4 December 2019 JODI G. BENJAMIN 3 From the Editor's Desk RESEARCH CORNER 4 Mark Jacobson ANDREW ZALEWSKI 6 The First Habsburg Census BÖRRIES KUZMANY 11 Jewish Deputies from Galicia REUVEN LIEBES 16 Looking for My Parents PETER BEIN 20 My Grandmother’s Kitchen JAY OSBORN 25 Map Corner BARBARA KRASNER 29 A Day with Murray SHELLEY K. POLLERO 34 Membership News September 2019 The Galitzianer 1 Gesher Galicia Gesher Galicia is a non-profit organization that promotes and conducts Jewish genealogical and historical research on Galicia, a province of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire, which is today part of south- eastern Poland and western Ukraine. BOARD OF DIRECTORS ACADEMIC ADVISORS ARCHIVAL ADVISORS Steven S. Turner, DDS Michał Galas Agnieszka Franczyk-Cegła President Department of Jewish Studies, Ossolineum, Wrocław Andrew Zalewski, MD Jagellonian University, Kraków Magdalena Marosz Vice President Sergey R. Kravtsov National Archives in Kraków Charlie Katz Center for Jewish Art, Hebrew Kateryna Mytsan CFO and Treasurer University, Jerusalem State Archive of Ivano-Frankivsk Milton Koch, MD Antony Polonsky Oblast (DAIFO), Ivano-Frankivsk Secretary Brandeis University, Waltham John Diener Fedir Polianskyi Mark Jacobson David Rechter State Archive of Ternopil Oblast Tony Kahane Oxford Centre for Hebrew and (DATO), Ternopil Shelley Kellerman Pollero Jewish Studies Sławomir Postek Michał Majewski Dariusz Stola Central Archives of Historical Renée Stern Steinig Collegium Civitas, Polish Academy Records (AGAD), Warsaw of Sciences, Warsaw THE GALITZIANER Igor Smolskyi Wacław Wierzbieniec Central State Historical Archives Jodi G. Benjamin, Editor Department of History and Jewish of Ukraine in Lviv (TsDIAL), Lviv KEY ASSOCIATES Culture, Rzeszów University CONTACT US GG Secretariat in Poland GESHER GALICIA Piotr Gumola, Warsaw Gesher Galicia, Inc.