C H A P T E R TWENTY-TWO

Technical with , 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman OBJECTIVES

After studying the material in this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Sketch examples of an isometric cube 2. Create an isometric drawing given a Multiview drawing. 3. Use the isometric axes to locate drawing points.

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 2 PICTORIAL It is often necessary to communicate to people who do not have the technical training to interpret Multi-view projections. Axonometric projections show all three principal dimensions using a single drawing view, approximately as they appear to an observer. These projections are often called pictorial drawings

(Courtesy of Dynojet Research, Inc.)

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 3 Projection Methods (from Chapter 3)

The four principal types of projections:

a Multiview b Isometric c Oblique d

All except the regular multi-view projection are pictorial types because they show several sides of the object in a single view.

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 4 AXONOMETRIC PROJECTIONS

The principle edges and surfaces of the object are inclined to the plane of projection therefore the length of the lines are foreshortened but proportionated

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 5 THREE AXONOMETRIC PROJECTIONS 1. has equal foreshortening along each of the three axis directions 2. Dimetric projection has equal foreshortening along two axis directions and a different amount of foreshortening along third axis 3. Trimetric projection has different foreshortening along all three axis directions

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 6 ISOMETRIC DRAWINGS Isometric Axes

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 7 ISOMETRIC DRAWINGS Each linear feature is parallel to its axis and can be drawn at any scale but must be proportional

PARALLEL AND PROPORTIONAL

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 8 ISOMETRIC DRAWINGS steps… Step 1 – Define an Isometric box (height , width, and depth of the object)

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 9 ISOMETRIC DRAWINGS steps… Step 2 – Sketch based lines along three axes as a reduced scale to 75%

2.25

Drawing point

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 10 ISOMETRIC DRAWINGS steps… Step 3 – Draw lines of the object that are parallel to the axes

.75 2.25

.45

1.80 1.05

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 11 ISOMETRIC DRAWINGS steps… Step 4 – Add lines of the object that are not parallel to the axes

.75 2.25

.45

1.80 1.05

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 12 ISOMETRIC DRAWINGS steps… Step 5 – Erase or remove the constructional lines

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 13 ISOMETRIC CIRCLE and RADII by steps…

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 14 ISOMETRIC CIRCLE and RADII by steps… Step 1 – Define and draw an Isometric box (height , width, and depth of the object) as previously shown. Reduce to 50%

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 15 ISOMETRIC CIRCLE and RADII by steps… Step 2 – Draw diagonals in boxes which represent the ellipses (former circles)

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 16 ISOMETRIC CIRCLE and RADII by steps… Step 3 – Draw each ellipse in the box whose major axis is aligned with the longer diagonal line. The same technique is used to a radii except the unwanted portion of the ellipse is trimmed

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 17 ISOMETRIC CIRCLE and RADII by steps… Step 4 – Erase or remove the constructional lines

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 18 ISOMETRIC CYLINDERS by steps… Step 1 – Draw a defining box The height is equal to the height of the cylinder, the width, and depth are equal to the diameter of the cylinder

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 19 ISOMETRIC CYLINDERS by steps… Step 2 – Draw a diagonals and ellipses in boxes that define the beginning and end of the cylinder

Major Axis

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 20 ISOMETRIC CYLINDERS by steps… Step 3 – Erase or remove the construction lines

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 21 ISOMETRIC ELLIPSE

Technical Drawing with Engineering Graphics, 15th edition Giesecke, Hill, Spencer, Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart, Goodman 22