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Multi-View Drawing Review MMuullttii--VViieeww DDrraawwiinngg RReevviieeww Sacramento City College EDT 300/ENGR 306 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 1 OObbjjeeccttiivveess Identify and select the various views of an object. Determine the number of views needed to describe fully the shape and size of an object. Define the term orthographic projection Describe the difference between first and third-angle projection. 2 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 OObbjjeeccttiivveess Visualize the glass box concept and apply it to the process of selecting and locating views on a drawing. 3 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 OObbjjeeccttiivveess Develop a multi-view drawing, following a prescribed step-by-step process, from the initial idea to a finished drawing. 4 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 VVooccaabbuullaarryy First angle Profile plane projection Quadrant Front View Right-side View Horizontal Plane Solid Model Implementation Spherical Multi-view Third-angle Drawing Projection Negative Cylinder Top View Normal Views Vertical Plane Orthographic Visualization Projection Pictorial Drawing 5 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 CCoommmmuunniiccaattiioonn People communicate by verbal and written language and graphic (pictorial) means. Technical drawings are a graphical means to communicate. When accurate visual understanding is necessary, technical drawing is the most exact method that can be used. 6 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 VViissuuaalliizzaattiioonn aanndd IImmpplleemmeennttaattiioonn Technical drawing involves: Visualization The ability to see clearly in the mind s eye what a machine, device or object looks like. Implementation The process of drawing the object that has been visualized. 7 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 VViissuuaalliizzaattiioonn aanndd IImmpplleemmeennttaattiioonn A technical drawing, properly made, gives a clearer, more accurate description of an object than a photograph or written explanation. 8 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 VViissuuaalliizzaattiioonn aanndd IImmpplleemmeennttaattiioonn Technical drawings made according to standard rules result in views that give an exact visual description of an object. The multi-view drawing is the major type of drawing used in the industry. 9 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 MMuullttii--VViieeww DDrraawwiinngg A photograph can show three views Front. Top. Right Side. Nearly all objects have six sides, not three. 10 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 MMuullttii--VViieeww DDrraawwiinngg 11 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 MMuullttii--VViieeww DDrraawwiinngg If an object could be shown in a single photograph, it would also include A left-side view. A rear view. A bottom view. 12 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 PPiiccttoorriiaall DDrraawwiinngg An object cannot be photographed if it has not been built (!) This limits the usefulness of photographs to show what an object looks like (!) 13 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 PPiiccttoorriiaall DDrraawwiinngg A pictorial drawing Is a drawing. Shows an object as it would appear in a photograph. Shows the way an object looks, in general. It does not show, the exact forms and relationships of the parts that make up the object. 14 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 PPiiccttoorriiaall DDrraawwiinngg A pictorial drawing Shows the object as it appears, not as it really is. Holes in the base appear as ellipses, not as true circles. 15 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 PPiiccttoorriiaall DDrraawwiinngg PPhhoottooggrraapphh PPiiccttoorriiaall DDrraawwiinngg 16 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 MMuullttii--VViieeww DDrraawwiinngg The goal, is to represent an object on a sheet of paper in a way that described its exact shape and proportions. To do this: Draw views of the object as it is seen from different positions. 17 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 MMuullttii--VViieeww DDrraawwiinngg These views are then arranged in a standard order. Anyone familiar with drafting practices can understand them immediately. 18 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 MMuullttii--VViieeww DDrraawwiinngg To describe accurately the shape of each view imagine a position Directly in front of the object. Directly above the object. On the right side of the object. 19 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 MMuullttii--VViieeww DDrraawwiinngg The front, top and right side views are the ones most often used to describe an object in technical drawing. They are called the Normal views. 20 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 TThhee RReellaattiioonnsshhiipp ooff VViieewwss Views must be placed in proper relationship to each other. The Top View is directly above the Front View The Right-side View is directly to the right of the Front View. 21 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 TThhee RReellaattiioonnsshhiipp ooff VViieewwss When the views are placed in proper relationship to one another, the result is a multi-view drawing. Multi-view drawing is the exact representation of an object on one plane. 22 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 TThhee RReellaattiioonnsshhiipp ooff VViieewwss Other views may also be required. The proper relationship of the six views is shown below Normal Top View views Rear Left-side Front View Right-side View View View Bottom View 23 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 VV--BBlloocckk 24 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 OOrrtthhooggrraapphhiicc PPrroojjeeccttiioonn These views are developed through the principles of orthographic projection Ortho - straight or at right angles . Graphic - written or drawn . Projection - from two Latin words: Pro, meaning forward Jacere, meaning to throw The literal meaning is thrown forward, drawn at right angles . 25 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 OOrrtthhooggrraapphhiicc PPrroojjeeccttiioonn Definition: Orthographic projection is: the method of representing the exact form of an object in two or more views on planes usually at right angles to each other, by lines drawn perpendicular from the object to the planes. 26 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 OOrrtthhooggrraapphhiicc PPrroojjeeccttiioonn An orthographic projection drawing is a representation of the separate views of an object on a two-dimensional surface. It reveals the width, depth and height of an object. 27 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 OOrrtthhooggrraapphhiicc PPrroojjeeccttiioonn 28 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 AAnngglleess ooff PPrroojjeeccttiioonn EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 29 AAnngglleess ooff PPrroojjeeccttiioonn On a technical drawing, a plane is an imaginary flat surface that has no thickness. Orthographic projection involves the use of three planes. Vertical plane. Horizontal plane. Profile plane. A view of an object is projected and drawn on each plane. 30 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 AAnngglleess ooff PPrroojjeeccttiioonn The vertical and horizontal planes divide space into four quadrants (quarters of a circle). In orthographic projection, quadrants are usually called angles. Thus we get the name, first-angle projection and third angle projection 31 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 AAnngglleess ooff PPrroojjeeccttiioonn First angle projection is used in European countries. Third angle projection is used in the US and Canada. Second and fourth angle projection is not used. 32 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 FFiirrsstt AAnnggllee PPrroojjeeccttiioonn First angle projection Front view = vertical plane. Top view = horizontal plane. Left side view = profile plane. 33 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 FFiirrsstt AAnnggllee PPrroojjeeccttiioonn In first angle projection, the Front View is located above the Top View. The Left-side View is to the right of the Front View. Refer to Figure 5-12. 34 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 FFiirrsstt AAnnggllee PPrroojjeeccttiioonn In first-angle projection, the projection plane is on the far side of the object from the viewer. The view of the object are projected to the rear and onto the projection plane instead of being projected forward. 35 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 TThhiirrdd AAnnggllee PPrroojjeeccttiioonn Third angle projection Front view = vertical plane. Top view = horizontal plane. Right side view = profile plane. 36 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 TThhiirrdd AAnnggllee PPrroojjeeccttiioonn In third angle projection, the Top View is located above the Front View. The Right-Side View is to the right of the Front View. Refer to Figure 5-14. 37 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 TThhiirrdd AAnnggllee PPrroojjeeccttiioonn In third-angle projection, the projection plane is considered to be between the view and the object, and the views are projected forward to that plane. 38 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 TThhiirrdd AAnnggllee PPrroojjeeccttiioonn The views appear in their natural positions when the views are revolved into the same plane as the frontal plane The top view appears above the front view. The right-side view is to the right of the front view. The left view to the left of the front view. 39 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 TThhee GGllaassss BBooxx EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 40 TThhee GGllaassss BBooxx In each case the three views have been developed by using imaginary transparent planes. The views are projected onto these planes. 41 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 TThhee GGllaassss BBooxx Visualize a glass box around the object Project the view of the object onto a side of the box. Unfold the box to one plane. The views will be in their relative positions. 42 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 TThhee GGllaassss BBooxx 43 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 TThhee GGllaassss BBooxx 44 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 PPrroojjeeccttiioonn ooff LLiinneess EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 45 PPrroojjeeccttiioonn ooff LLiinneess There are four kinds of straight lines found on objects in drawings Horizontal. Vertical. Inclined. Oblique. Each line is projected by locating its endpoint. 46 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 HHoorriizzoonnttaall LLiinneess Horizontal lines Are parallel to the horizontal plane of projection. Are parallel to one of the planes. Are perpendicular to the third plane. Appear as true length in two of the planes. Appear as a point in the third. 47 EDT 300 / ENGR 306 - Chapter 5 VVeerrttiiccaall LLiinneess Vertical Lines Are parallel to the frontal plane. Are parallel to the profile plane. Are perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Appear true length in the frontal and profile planes.
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