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The Future of Australia's Aid Programme [PDF,6.51MB] The future f Australia's d progra111111e ill The Network tttt The Australian Development Studies Network seeks to provide a forum for discussion and debate of development issues, and to keep people in the field up-to-date with developments and events, publications, etc. The Network does this through its publications program and by conducting or co-sponsoring seminars, symposia and conferences. The Network produces three publications: Development Bulletin is the Network's quarterly Newsletter. It includes short articles (normally I ,000 to 2,000 words); reports on conferences and seminars; announcements of forthcoming events; details of courses, research and work related to development or development studies; articles on the centres pursuing these activities; and information about development education materials, recent publications and other news. Briefing Papers address a wide variety of development-related issues. They are concise (normally 2,000 to 5,000 words) and accessible to the non-technical reader, and may include implications for Australia's foreign development assistance policy. The Register of Developmellt Research & Expertise (2nd Edition, 1988) contains the names, institutions, research, project experience and publications of people in Australia who are working in development-related research or who have first-hand experience of Third World development issues. Their expertise covers a broad range of disciplines and geographical areas. The Register is indexed by name, institution, discipline, country of expertise and keywords. To obtain the Register, please send a cheque for A$25.00, made out to Bibliotech, to Bibliotech, ANU, Canberra, ACT0200. Correspondence You may have information you wish to share with others in the development field: conference announcements or reports, notices of new publications, information about the work of your centre or courses you offer, or you may wish to respond to articles or Briefing Papers. If so, please write to the Editor. If you wish to obtain Network publications or enquire about membership, subscriptions, seminar sponsorship, etc., please write to the Network Director. The address is: Development Bulletin Australian Development Studies Network Australian National University Canberra ACT0200 Tel: (06) 249 2466 Fax: (06) 257 2886 Deadlines Closing dates for submissions to Development Bulletin are mid-November, -February, -May and- August for the January, April, July and October issues respectively. ISSN 1035-1132 The future of Australia's id progratntne -------' j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j Discussion Series The 1996-97 Aid Budget: A sharper humanitarian focus Andrew Thomson 5 The future of Australia's aid programme Gordon Bitney 8 A new paradigm for aid John Langmore 12 Commercial objectives of the Australian aid programme Bob Warner and Sandy Cuthbertson 16 In search of an Australian overseas aid policy John Browett and Susanne Schech 19 Australian aid to Africa: Can donor interest and recipient needs be reconciled? Christine McMurray 22 A new agenda for Australian aid Russell Rollason 26 Overseas aid: The scalpel and the suture Dean Forbes 29 A poverty focused aid programme Beris Gwynne 31 Balancing humanitarian needs and Australian interests: The need for a poverty focused philosophy for aid and development Cherry Gertzel 34 Increasing the poverty focus of Australian ODA Joe Remenyi 36 Globalisation, poverty eradication and aid Patrick Kilby 38 Aid: The way ahead Janet Hunt 41 Non government organisations and aid Denis Griffin 43 The future of aid: Contextual challenges and opportunities Greg Thompson 46 The role of civil society in development John Scott Murphy 49 A sharper humanitarian focus: The case of Australia's aid to Papua New Guinea, 1970-71 to 1993-94 Rukmani Gounder 52 Results of an opinion poll on overseas aid 56 Recommendations of the Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs, Defence and Trade 57 Terms of reference for the review of Australia's aid programme 58 October 1996 Viewpoint Black access to electronic research services in South Africa: Problems and prospects for real change Peter Limb 59 Updates Food security, population and development Joint statement by the Asian Forum of Parliamentarians on Population and Development 62 Privatisation Colin Kirkpatrick 65 New Zealand-African relations: The end of an era ~~~~~ ~ From the field Engendering eco-timber production in the Solomon Islands Regina Scheyvens 69 Pre-departure briefing for aid workers: Benefits for NGOs Gordon Knowles 73 Training as a component of community economic development in rural Vietnam Kathryn Cow 75 From the press 77 Conferences 79 Publications 86 Courses 100 Resources 103 Briefing papers Charity or rights? A human rights framework for complex emergencies Bernard Broughton The role of education in post doi moi Vietnam Ary Laufer List of acronyms ACFOA Australian Council for Overseas Aid APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation DAC Development Assistance Committee DIFF Development Import Finance Facility FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GNP Gross National Product ILO International Labour Organisation IMF International Monetary Fund NGO Non Government Organisation ODA Overseas Development Assistance OECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNESCO United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organisation WHO World Health Organisation 2 Development Bulletin 39 In concert with the review of the aid programme, this issue of the Development Bulletin focuses on the future directions of Australia's overseas aid. We have included the views of individuals from government, non government and academic organisations and institutions, and they address the important issues of poverty, globalisation, the geography of Australian aid, how the commercialisation of the aid programme can be balanced with humanitarian. interests, and so on. Briefing papers Ary Laufer discusses the role of education in the transformation of post doi moi Vietnam, and Bernard Broughton argues that humanitarian NGOs should adopt a human rights focus based on international charters and covenants. Viewpoint Peter Limb discusses the access and availability of electronic research services in South Africa, suggesting that this could be used as a measure of real change in the country. Updates We have reprinted the Joint Statement by the Asian Forum of Parliamentarians on Population and Development, Colin Kirkpatrick provides an update on privatisation and David Dorward gives his interpretation of the closing of the African Information Centre in Wellington, New Zealand. From the field Regina Scheyvens provides an interesting account of SWIFT, an eco-timber organisation in Solomon Islands, as well as suggesting ways in which women might become more involved in eco-timber production. Gordon Knowles outlines the benefits of pre-departure briefing for NGO aid workers as well as ways to improve this process, and Kathryn Gow discusses the need for sustainable training in the rural areas of Vietnam. AusAID The Australian Development Studies Network gratefully acknowledges the ongoing assistance of AusAID in publishing the Development Bulletin. The back half The back half of the Bulletin includes the latest information on new books and new courses, a conference calendar, conference reports and an up-to-date listing of development studies resources. Next issue The next issue of the Bulletin will focus on the progress made in the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. If you have any queries or would like to contribute please call, fax or e-mail us. Pamela Thomas, Lisa Law and Rafat Hussain October 1996 3 The future of Australia's aid programme In a global situation of increased conflict, increased need for emergency relief, dramatic increases in the gaps between rich and poor, and increases in the absolute numbers of those living in poverty, the level of development assistance is declining. At the end of the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty, development assistance has become increasingly privatised and poverty more deeply entrenched. At a time of globalisation of economies, markets and information, funding to organisations which have the capacity to operate at a global level is being cut. Clearly, development assistance globally is in a state of transition. What is less clear is what it is in transition to. In Australia the transition is obvious. While the Coalition Government has reaffirmed the 'humanitarian' focus of the aid programme, it cut the aid budget and then commissioned an independent review. The aim of the review is to find ways in which the aid programme can achieve the objectives of 'assisting developing countries reduce poverty and improve the standard of living of their people through sustainable development and to assist in achieving a more secure and equitable international order.' It has been ten years since the last major review and it is time for a reappraisal of the rationale and objectives of the aid programme, its size, effectiveness and management. This issue of the Development Bulletin considers the future of Australia's aid programme and provides a variety of perspectives on how a humanitarian focus might best be achieved in an increasingly interconnected world. Andrew Thomson outlines the Government's position on aid to Papua New Guinea, the South Pacific, East Asia and Africa, and discusses the delivery of humanitarian relief. John Langmore reviews the way in which globalisation impacts on the processes and delivery of development assistance and puts forward a new concept of aid in the form of global public goods. Russell Rollason also considers the impact of globalisation and the increasing urgency of eradicating poverty. Both he and Gordon Bilney stress that the Australian public believe that Australian development assistance goes to poor countries and to relieve poverty. A large majority believe that the motives for aid should put altruism before self-interest.
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