Edition 78. Nº 3 November 2019 E dition 78. Nº 3

INC PAVILION ANUGA 2019 The Epicenter of the Nut and Dried Fruit Industry

p. 54 N ovember 2019

www.nutfruit.org

4 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 5 Edition 78. Nº 3 November 2019

The INC is the international umbrella organization for the nut and dried fruit industry and the source for information on health, nutrition, statistics, food safety, and international standards and regulations regarding nuts and dried fruits.

BOARD OF TRUSTEES Michael Waring - Chairman Business News 9 INC News 54 MWT Foods, Australia Ashok Krishen - 1st Vice Chairman 9 Nestlé inaugurates Packaging Research 54 The INC Pavilion, the epicenter of the nut Olam International Limited, Singapore Institute, first-of-its-kind in the food and dried fruit industry, present again at Pino Calcagni - 2nd Vice Chairman industry Anuga Besana Group, Italy Riccardo Calcagni 10 Spanish almonds certified with 58 INC Academia: Where industry leaders Besana Group, Italy environmental product declaration are shaped Bill Carriere Carriere Family Farms, USA 11 Blue Diamond launches new Almond Breeze 60 Gulfood INC Pavilion: Three years of Karsten Dankert flavor, inspired by traditional Latin American continued success Max Kiene GmbH, Germany holiday beverage Roby Danon 62 Nutfruit Power: The revolution of Voicevale Ltd, UK 12 Olam International expands almond energetic mornings! Cao Derong ingredients capacity with acquisition of China Chamber of Commerce, China leading Californian almond processor and 64 INC Executive Committee meeting Joan Fortuny ingredient manfacturer Hughson Nut Borges Agricultural & Industrial Nuts (BAIN), Spain 65 Nuts and dried fruits at the Asian Giles Hacking Congress of Nutrition CG Hacking & Sons Limited, UK Cheng Hung Kay Gourmet 14 CHK Trading Co. Ltd., China, Hong Kong Mark Jansen Lionel Rigolet, Head Chef at Blue Diamond Growers, USA 14 Global Jack Mariani Comme Chez Soi (Brussels, Belgium) Mariani Nut Company, USA Statistical Review 67 Mark Mariani Mariani Packing Company, USA Legal Update 17 Stephen Meltzer Balcorp Ltd., Canada Russell Mooney Industry News 84 Intersnack Procurement B.V., Netherlands Feature Articles 23 Pratap Nair 84 Almond Board of California “Own Your Vijayalaxmi Cashew Company, India 23 Social compliance in the nut and dried Everyday, Every Day” campaign features Osman Oz fruit industry World Cup athlete, Julie Ertz Aegean Exporters Associations, Turkey 26 Improving the autonomy of the electric Antonio Pont - Honorary President vehicle through the use of almond shells 86 Walnuts and wellness: A winning Borges Agricultural & Industrial Nuts (BAIN), Spain combination Antonio Pont Jr. 29 The potential for nanotechnology in the Crisol de Frutos Secos SAT, Spain food and agriculture industry 88 Study finds American grown pistachios Chen Qi contain melatonin Qiaqia Food Co. Ltd., China 32 Portugal: Almond production on the rise Jan Vincent Rieckmann 89 Pistachios draw attention from diabetes August Töpfer and Co. (ATCO Group), Germany 34 Australian wild origins of macadamia educators Michael Rund Bösch Boden Spies GmbH and Co. Kg, Germany domestication in Hawaii New California Prunes brand gains Hasan Sabir 91 Sabirlar Findik Ihracat Ltd. Sti., Turkey 37 Taking the “labor” out of selecting a immediate momentum Harry Sinclair third-party “labor”atory Flagstone Foods, USA 92 News from the INC Nutrition Research & Berton Steir Education Foundation The Wonderful Company, USA Health News 40 Dick Walden 94 Trials prove macadamias’ potential for The Green Valley Pecan, USA 40 Research update on nuts and cardiovascular surging dairy alternatives market disease incidence and mortality Nuts for Life industry update EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 96 Michael Waring Chairman A Chat 99 Nucis 2019-2020 campaign: Focus on the Ashok Krishen 1st Vice Chairman food system Pino Calcagni 2nd Vice Chairman with the Industry 46 Giles Hacking Board Member 100 Spreading the health benefits of nuts Jack Mariani Board Member 46 Joachim Mann, Head of Marketing & Mark Mariani Board Member Christian Liebsch, Head of Purchasing Antonio Pont Board Member Dept., Seeberger Berton Steir Board Member Goretti Guasch Secretary General and Advertisers List 102 Executive Director INC Congress 48 For all editorial and advertising enquiries: Marc Centelles 50 Dubai: Must be seen to be believed [email protected] 51 Madinat Jumeirah Resort, the “city” where tradition meets modern luxury 52 Preliminary program

INC HEADQUARTERS The Nutfruit magazine is published three times a year by the International Nut and Dried Fruit Council - INC (Fundació Privada International Nut Carrer de la Fruita Seca, 4 and Dried Fruit CIF G-43738475). This magazine, including all articles and illustrations, is copyright protected. Any utilization beyond the light Polígon Tecnoparc, 43204 Reus, Spain limits set by the Copyright Act is subject to publisher’s approval. All the trademarks, brand identities and graphic images shown in this publication are the property of their respective owners. Tel: +34 977 331 416 While the publishers believe that all information contained in this publication was correct at the time of going to press, they can accept no Email: [email protected] liability for any inaccuracies that may appear or loss suffered directly or indirectly by any reader as a result of any advertisement, editorial, www.nutfruit.org photographs or other materials published in the Nutfruit magazine.

4 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 5 6 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 7 INC Foreword

We Look Forward to Seeing you in Dubai

MICHAEL WARING INC CHAIRMAN

The INC keeps advocating against any increase in tariffs as Last month, the INC was present in Germany at Anuga, a result of the escalation of trade disputes among the US, Cologne where the INC Pavilion became the epicenter of the the EU, China, India and Turkey. In September and October, nut and dried fruit industry and once again proved to be a huge our Executive Committee held a series of meetings with the success. Mark on your calendars that next February, we will be European Commission in Brussels to raise concern about once again at Gulfood in Dubai, so come over and say hello. the possible consequences for the industry and discuss We also want to make a special note on our latest cooperation frameworks. dissemination plan: Nutfruit Power. Since its launch, the video This was also one of the hot topics of discussion during campaign has gained 500,000+ views and 14 international the China International Tree Nuts Conference in Zhengzhou influencers have joined the #NutfruitPowerChallenge. last August. This year the INC was represented by Mr. Ashok Besides, our healthy breakfast recipes, which are related to Krishen, First Vice Chairman and Chairman of the Global the Nutfruit Power campaign, have reached 1.9+ million views Cashew Council; Mr. Pino Calcagni, Second Vice Chairman and on YouTube. Chairman of the Scientific and Government Affairs Committee Led by Mr. Ashok Krishen, the Organizing Committee and the Statistics Committee; Mrs. Goretti Guasch, INC is planning a memorable XXXIX World Nut and Dried Fruit Executive Director, and myself. This event, organized by the Congress from May 28-30, 2020, at the majestic Madinat China Chamber of Commerce, is an annual meeting of some Jumeirah in Dubai –all designed to make it the perfect 500 participants from the Chinese nut industry and abroad, platform for nut and dried fruit industry leaders to connect and representing all tree nuts and some dried fruits, and a great explore the trends at the forefront of the industry. opportunity to present the activities of the INC and a global New this year we have opened the registration much overview of the state of affairs. earlier, on October 15, and we are pleased to be able to offer a The INC was also present at the 13th Asian Congress of significant early-bird registration discount. For those who are Nutrition in Bali, Indonesia, on August 4-7. We co-sponsored, used to the early bird in mid February, you will find that it has along with the California Prune Board, the symposium “Nut changed to December 15 this year. Do not miss it! and Dried Fruit Consumption and the Prevention of Prevalent Diseases/Conditions”. A panel of world-renowned experts in We anticipate another great Congress! nutrition research presented the latest findings in the health benefits of nut and dried fruit consumption on diabetes, cardiovascular disease, brain function and bone health, in front of hundreds of nutrition and health professionals from Asia and beyond.

6 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 7 8 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 9 Business News

Nestlé Inaugurates Packaging Research Institute, First-of-its-Kind in the Food Industry This September, Nestlé officially inaugurated in Switzerland the Institute of Packaging Sciences.

The new Institute enables Nestlé to accelerate its efforts to bring functional, safe and environmentally friendly packaging solutions to the market and to address the global challenge of plastic packaging waste. Speaking at the inauguration, Mark Schneider, Nestlé CEO, said, "Our vision is a world in which none of our packaging ends up in landfill or as litter. To achieve this we introduce reusable packaging solutions and pioneer environmentally friendly packaging materials”. The Nestlé Institute of Packaging Sciences focuses on a number of science and technology areas, such as refillable or reusable packaging, simplified packaging materials, recycled packaging materials, high-performance barrier papers as well as bio-based, compostable and biodegradable materials.

Unilever Achieves 100% Renewable Electricity across Five Continents

Unilever announced last September that its factories, offices, R&D facilities, data centers, warehouses and distribution centers across five continents are now powered by 100% renewable grid electricity.

Unilever has worked with partners around the world to generate renewable electricity at its own sites, with solar power in use at Unilever facilities in 18 countries. As far as possible, Unilever’s transition to renewable electricity has been delivered through supporting the development of local renewable energy markets, with 38% of its grid electricity supplied through corporate Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs) and green electricity tariffs. Where it has not been feasible to do this, Unilever has purchased Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) –openly-traded certificates linked to renewable electricity generation. Unilever’s achievement is a significant step towards its target to become a carbon neutral company before 2030.

Tesco Launches Phase Two of Remove, Reduce, Reuse & Recycle Plan to Suppliers

Since announcing its ambition in 2018 to remove hard-to-recycle materials, Tesco will have eliminated the hardest to recycle materials from own brand products by the end of 2019, by removing over 4,000 tons of materials from 800 lines.

Tesco launched the second phase of its Remove, Reduce, Reuse & Recycle plan, which sets out four steps that will govern packaging design across all product categories:

• Remove all non-recyclable and hard to recycle material • Where we can’t remove, reduce it to an absolute minimum, including excess packaging • Explore new opportunities to reuse it, and if we can’t • Ensure it is all recycled as part of a closed loop.

Since announcing its ambition in 2018 to remove hard-to-recycle materials, Tesco will have eliminated the hardest to recycle materials from own brand products by the end of 2019, by removing over 4,000 tons of materials from 8,000 lines. The company is now working with branded suppliers to do the same. Tesco also briefed suppliers that from next year, the size and suitability of packaging will be assessed as part of category reviews and ranging decisions.

8 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 9 Business News

Spanish Almonds Certified with Environmental Product Declaration

AENOR, the Spanish standardization body responsible for the publication of the National Standards UNE, has certified an environmental product declaration on Spanish almond kernels, according to Standard UNE-EN-ISO 14025. The results of the study "Analysis of the Life Cycle of Almond Kernels", a joint collaboration between the Spanish association of nut and carob producers (AEOFRUSE) and the Technology Center Foundation Miranda de Ebro (CTME), were presented in Madrid, on July 23, 2019, within the framework of AENOR's GlobalEPD Program. AEOFRUSE, in close collaboration with two of its members Antonio Pont Jr., President of AEOFRUSE, on the right, recieves a symbolic –Crisolar and Mañán Soc. Coop.– and CTME measured the plaque from Aitor Aragón, responsible of AENOR's GlobalEPD Program. environmental impact of all the stages of the Spanish almond tree, from its origin until the end of its life, excluding the impact of the usage stage in the food industry. With this milestone, The presentation of the declaration is available online (in AEOFRUSE is betting on Spanish) at www.aenor.com. Additionally, a technical report environmental sustainability about the project will be published in the AENOR magazine, as a tool to support the October issue. Spanish almond.

Brexit: New Agreement Almaverde Bio’s Detox Mix, Avoids a Hard Border on Selected for Anuga Taste Northern Ireland Innovation Show

On October 17, 2019, the EU and the UK reached During the recent Cologne fair, a jury of international a new agreement at negotiator level on a revised specialized journalists and market analysts selected Protocol on Ireland/Northern Ireland and a a total of 64 of the most innovative, sustainable and revised Political Declaration on the future EU-UK creative products. relationship.

Northern Ireland would remain aligned to a limited set of EU Single Market rules to avoid a hard border, such as legislation on goods, sanitary controls, rules on agricultural production/ marketing, VAT and excise in respect of goods, and state aid rules. The Protocol would avoid customs border on the island of Ireland, and also Northern Ireland would remain in the UK’s customs territory. The revised Political Declaration states that the future bilateral economic relationship would be based on a Free Trade Agreement with zero tariffs and quotas between the two parties. Among the products selected for the Anuga Taste Innovation Both agreements need to be approved by the EU and the UK Show, Besana proposed Almaverde Bio’s Detox Mix, an almond- Parliament before their entry into force. cranberry-cashew based snack in a practical 30 gram pack. In addition, on October 28, 2019, the EU agreed to a Brexit "Our company perceives the pulse of innovation since its extension until January 31, 2020. This is a flexible extension, beginning”, said Riccardo Calcagni, CEO of Besana. “We have a which means that the UK would be able to leave the EU before highly qualified research and development department, which the renewed withdrawal date. However, the necessary legislation for over thirty years has been collaborating constantly with to implement the renewed Revised Protocol on Northern Ireland numerous universities. The fact that today nuts and dried fruit is paralyzed in the UK Parliament due to the disagreement are regular ingredients of the Mediterranean diet, is also due with the UK Government on the timetable to discuss and vote to the great “educational” activity that the company has been the bills. There will be an early general election in the UK on carrying out for many years, in Italy and abroad". December 12, 2019. The outcome of the election is uncertain The product is part of the snack line of the brand ‘Almaverde and its consequences in the Brexit process are undetermined. Bio’, of which Besana is one of the founding companies.

10 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 11 Business News

Blue Diamond Launches M&M'S® Launches New New Almond Breeze Flavor, Hazelnut Spread-Filled Inspired by Traditional Latin Chocolate Candies American Holiday Beverage M&M’S® Hazelnut Spread Chocolate Candies is the newest M&M’S® variety. Almond Breeze Almondmilk Mexican Hot Chocolate hits refrigerator shelves October 2019, for a limited time only.

Blue Diamond expands their selection of Almond Breeze products with yet another take on a favorite Latin American beverage, Almond Breeze Almondmilk Mexican Hot Chocolate. Like all Almond Breeze Almondmilk products, this latest ® flavor begins with high quality California-grown almonds for The new M&M’S Hazelnut Spread Chocolate Candies© a delicious and creamy texture. Rich and subtly spicy, each Mars, Incorporated 2019. carton features traditional ingredients like cinnamon, red pepper and allspice for a satisfying taste that hits close to The newest launch of M&M’S® features a creamy hazelnut home, just in time for the holidays. Free from dairy, lactose, center, covered by delicious milk chocolate and wrapped soy and gluten, everyone can enjoy a warm or chilled mug of in the brand’s signature colorful candy shell. You can break Almond Breeze’s newest beverage. out hazelnut spread fun for candy dishes, candy buffets and “Following the momentum of our recently launched dressing up desserts any time. Almondmilk Horchata, we’ve continued to draw inspiration M&M’S® Hazelnut Spread Chocolate Candies is on US and from the Latin American community and further our Canada’s stores and will be available nationwide in Singles commitment to our customers” said Suzanne Hagener, (1.35 oz.), Share Size (2.53 oz.) and Sharing Size Stand Up Director of Brand Marketing. Pouch (8.3 oz.).

Atlas Holdings Completes Mars Wrigley Names Acquisition of Flagstone New President of Business Foods, the Snacks Division Development of TreeHouse Foods, Inc. Marketing industry veteran Cathryn Sleight joins Atlas Holdings has completed its acquisition of global business. the Snacks Division of TreeHouse Foods, Inc., establishing Flagstone Foods as a new, standalone Mars Wrigley announced that Cathryn Sleight is appointed company and category leader. President of Business Development, effective August 5, 2019. In this role, Sleight will lead the segment’s Business Development team to pursue new global treating and Flagstone is one of the largest manufacturers and distributors snacking growth opportunities. She will report to Mars of private label healthy snacks in North America. The Wrigley Global President Andrew Clarke. Sleight replaces company’s over 800 associates are located in plants in Keith Levy who departed the business in May. Robersonville, North Carolina, El Paso, Texas, and Dothan, Sleight joins Mars Wrigley from Unilever in the UK, where Alabama. These facilities source, process, package and she spent the last nine years in the global Food Category distribute nuts, trail mixes and other wholesome snacks to business and successfully developed and executed a global premier retail customers across the country. Flagstone will be brand renovation and innovation agenda. She led strategies headquartered in Minneapolis, Minnesota. to identify M&A and new growth opportunities, and was part Atlas also announced that Robert Scalia has been of the team which acquired Mae Terra, a Brazilian organic named the company’s Chief Executive Officer. Scalia has food brand; Sir Kensington’s, a US condiments company; and spent several decades in executive-level roles in food The Vegetarian Butcher, a Dutch-based chilled soy-meat manufacturing, most recently serving as Senior Vice President replacement producer. of Business Development and Strategy of Hearthside Food Solutions. He previously spent 25 years in leadership roles at General Mills, Nabisco, Kraft Foods and Hershey.

10 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 11 Business News

Olam International Expands Almond Ingredients Capacity with Acquisition of Leading Californian Almond Processor and Ingredient Manufacturer Hughson Nut

Global food and agri-business Olam International Limited (Olam), recently The acquisition of HNI is announced that it has signed a purchase agreement to acquire a 100% interest in consistent with Olam’s Strategic leading Californian almond processor and ingredient manufacturer Hughson Nut Plan to offer differentiated Inc (HNI) and associated real estate assets from APB Partners, LLC (APB) at a total solutions, such as ingredients enterprise value of US$54.0 million. The price consideration was arrived at on a and product innovation, and to willing-buyer, willing-seller basis. target new customer segments Olam is one of the world’s largest growers of almonds with orchards in both hemispheres –in California and Australia– delivering year-round fresh almonds to in co-manufacturing, food customers. The extensive processing capabilities of HNI will enable Olam to offer service and e-commerce. a fully integrated solution across the almond value chain from the US, including processed whole nuts and value added ingredients, complementing similar capabilities in Australia and Vietnam. The acquisition of HNI is consistent with Olam’s Strategic Plan to offer differentiated solutions, such as ingredients and product innovation, and to target new customer segments in co-manufacturing, food service and e-commerce. Olam’s Managing Director and CEO of Edible Nuts, Ashok Krishen explained: “Our ambition is to grow Olam’s almond business into a vertically integrated player with a strong upstream presence in Australia and the US and direct participation in the primary and ingredient processing space that can add value to our customers. We see growing demand from consumers for healthy snacks and healthy plant protein –this is driving growth in new product applications and therefore the demand for almond ingredients, particularly in the US.

12 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 13 12 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 13 Gourmet

Nuts and Dried Fruits: “Crunch and Originality”

Lionel Rigolet, Head Chef of Comme Chez Soi.

COMME CHEZ SOI What are the daily challenges that you face in haute cuisine? Comme Chez Soi is a two Michelin star family-run restaurant A restaurant is like a company, or even a small society where founded in the early 20th century by Georges Cuvelier. In you have to face day-to-day challenges. What we also really the 1930s, the Maison moved to its present location, an Art pay attention to is, of course, the quality of the ingredients, the Noveau house at Place Rouppe in Brussels, where it obtained dishes, the service, etc. Our goal: that our clients experience its first Michelin star in 1953. In 1994, the elder daughter of something special, timeless, unique. the 4th generation, Laurence, marries Lionel Rigolet, who is also trained in famous restaurants in Belgium and abroad. Let’s talk about your cuisine. What does it mean Lionel completes his full training in the restaurant of his that your dishes are made with “a touch of father-in-law, and later takes over the restaurant with his exoticism and creativity”? Where do you find wife. Today, the restaurant is brilliantly run by the couple inspiration to create? who love to turn every meal into a real gourmet experience. Exoticism comes from the fact that I mix a lot of spices myself to create my dishes. It’s a long process with inspiration mainly coming from traveling, it really opens my mind and boosts my creativity.

In your opinion, what are the best qualities nuts Comme Chez Soi is a family-run restaurant and dried fruits can add to your cuisine? that started back in the early 20th century. Is I would say crunch and originality. the essence that brought Mr. Georges Cuvelier into the restaurant trade still strong? And what is the nut or dried fruit that is never Yes, of course! And every generation has added something; missing in your kitchen? Georges created Comme Chez Soi, Louis developed it and We have a wide range of nuts to be honest. They’re rarely gave it a style. Pierre drove it to the summit of gastronomy, missing. and our intention is to offer today a subtle blend of innovation and know-how. Among other accolades, Comme Chez Soi has received two prestigious Michelin Stars. What Your restaurant is located in the heart of did that represent for you? Brussels and decorated in the Art Nouveau Recognition for the hard work of all the Comme Chez Soi team. style. Do you feel that, for guests, the décor of a restaurant is as important as the quality of What can people expect when they come to the dishes? Comme Chez Soi? It definitely has a big influence as it is the first experience Laurence and I are proud to highlight a cuisine rich in an almost you have of the restaurant. It reflects the style and the 100-year-old tradition. At Comme Chez Soi, you can experience atmosphere of the Maison and gives you a hint at what you real and tasty cuisine surrounded by beautiful art nouveau décor might expect in your dishes. For example, at Comme Chez in the heart of Brussels. It’s not only history that you will taste, Soi, you can perfectly see the mixture between tradition and but also modernity, and that is the real plus of our Maison, it is the innovation. subtle blend of innovation and know-how I talked about earlier.

14 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 15 Gourmet Gourmet

Our goal: that our clients experience something special, timeless, unique.

Sautéed Scallops, Broad Beans with Smoked Bacon, Espelette Pepper and Caramelized Hazelnuts

Ingredients (for 4 guests) Method: 600 g scallops, shucked and cleaned by your fishmonger Broad bean purée: Fry the onions and garlic together in the butter a little olive oil in a covered pot until translucent. Add the broad beans and turkey stock, then bring to a simmer. Cook on medium heat until fully cooked. BROAD BEAN PURÉE CARAMELIZED HAZELNUT Pour into a blender, add the spinach and season. Blend as smooth as 10 g butter POWDER possible. Strain using a fine chinois strainer, adjust seasoning and set 50 g white onions, minced 5 g butter aside to cool. 3 g garlic, minced 25 g hazelnuts, blanched Beurre blanc: Put the following into a large saucepan: shallots, white 150 g broad beans, shelled and 70 g caster sugar wine, turkey stock, sherry vinegar, crème fraîche, savory and bacon cooked a little water trimmings. Bring to a boil. Reduce to 2/3. Strain into another saucepan 20 g spinach, cooked and 30 g caramelized hazelnuts using a chinois strainer and put aside. well-drained 5 g Espelette pepper, ground 1 dl turkey stock 0.5 g peppercorn blend, ground Caramelized hazelnut powder: Lightly brown hazelnuts in butter. Add sugar and caramelize, but do not let the sugar get too dark. Add water, BEURRE BLANC BROAD BEAN MIX stir well and pour onto parchment paper. Let cool. Once cool, break 50 g shallots, minced 200 g broad beans, shelled and into pieces, chop finely in a mixer, and strain together with the ground 50 g dry white wine cooked Espelette pepper and peppercorn blend using a fine mesh strainer. 1 dl turkey stock a small amount of crispy smoked Scallops: Score one side of the scallops using a small knife, then 15 g sherry vinegar bacon trimmings, minced season. Sear on scored side first in a lightly-oiled pan over high heat. 50 g crème fraiche a pinch of savory, finely chopped Next, sear the other side, then remove from heat. a small spoonful of beurre blanc 1 g fresh savory Beurre blanc: Bring the reduction to a boil, whisk together with butter. 25 g streaky smoked bacon Then season with salt, pepper and lemon juice. trimmings GARNISH 160 g butter pearl onions, halved, blanched Broad bean mix: Heat the beans with a little beurre blanc. Season, and layers separated then add a little savory and some bacon trimmings. Blend well. tahoon cress Assembly: Draw a straight line of caramelized hazelnut powder down lemon juice the plate. Create a small rectangle with the broad beans over the line. Place one scallop on each side. Create a small dome of broad bean salt and pepper, ground purée at each end of the line. Place ½ pearl onion layers on top of each dome, then create another broad bean purée dome on top and garnish with tahoon cress. Sauce.

14 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 15 16 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 17 Legal Update Pesticides

AUSTRALIA and NEW ZEALAND: MRLs Update The Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority issued the variations to Schedule 20 of the revised Food Standards Code on August 13, 2019. The following maximum residue limits (MRLs) were established.

Pesticide Product MRL (ppm) Mefentrifluconazole dried grapes (currants, raisins and sultanas) 3 Acetamiprid macadamia nuts *0.01 Fluxapyroxad tree nuts 0.07 Pyripoxyfenin macadamia nuts *0.01 * Indicates that the maximum residue limit is set at the limit of determination.

CANADA: MRLs Update Canada’s Pest Management Regulatory Agency recently proposed the following MRLs in nuts and dried fruits.

Pesticide Product MRL (ppm) Date Flutolanil peanuts 0.5 Deadline for comments: 29-10-2019 grapes 0.6 Cyclaniliprole tree nuts (crop group 14-11) 0.02 Deadline for comments: 12-11-2019 low growing berries, except lowbush blueberries (crop subgroup 13-07G) 0.4 Malathion crop subgroup 13-07G, except lowbush blueberries and strawberries 8.0 Deadline for comments: 14-12-2019

EU: MRLs Update The European Commission issued the following regulations amending the MRLs of pesticides in nuts and fruits.

Pesticide Product MRL (ppm) Adoption date Regulation Bispyribac tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* Denatonium benzoate tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* tree nuts (except pecans), apricots, cranberries, dates, figs, 0.01* peanuts Fenoxycarb pecans 0.05 plums 0.6 grapes 0.5 Flurochloridone tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* tree nuts, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* Commission Quizalofop-P-ethyl Regulation (EU) apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries 0.02* 04-07-2019 2019/973 of 13 tree nuts, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* June 2019 Quizalofop-P-tefuryl apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries 0.02* tree nuts, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* Propaquizafop apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries 0.02* tree nuts (except almonds and walnuts), apricots, plums, dates, 0.01* figs, peanuts Tebufenozide almonds, walnuts 0.05 grapes 4 cranberries 0.5 Aclonifen tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* tree nuts, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* Fenpyrazamine apricots 5 plums, grapes 3 Commission Regulation (EU) tree nuts, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* 04-07-2019 2019/977 of 13 apricots 0.08 June 2019 Penconazole plums 0.09 grapes 0.5 Mefentrifluconazole tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01*

apricots 6 Commission Captan Regulation (EU) plums 10 10-07-2019 2019/1015 of 20 cranberries 30 June 2019 Pyraclostrobin grapes 1

16 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 17 Legal Update

Commission tree nuts, apricots, plums, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* Regulation (EU) Flutianil 10-07-2019 2019/1015 of 20 grapes 0.15 June 2019 Profoxydim tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* Commission Regulation (EU) 31-07-2019 2,5-dichlorobenzoic acid 2019/1176 of 10 tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* methylester July 2019 tree nuts, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* Cyflufenamid plums 0.07 grapes 0.2 tree nuts, dates, figs 0.01* Commission Regulation (EU) apricots, plums 0.6 07-10-2019 2019/1559 of 16 Fenbuconazole grapes 1.5 September 2019 cranberries 1 peanuts 0.1 Fluquinconazole tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* Commission Regulation (EU) Imazalil tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* 16-10-2019 2019/1582 of 25 September 2019 * Indicates lower limit of determination.

In addition, the following draft MRLs were notified to the World Trade Organization on September 17, 2019. Pesticide Product MRL (ppm) Date tree nuts, cranberries, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* Myclobutanil apricots 3 grapes 1.5 tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, dates, figs, peanuts 0.01* Napropamide cranberries 0.02 Deadline for comments: 16-11-2019 Sintofen tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, figs, dates, peanuts 0.01* Chromafenozide grapes 0.01* Pencycuron tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, figs, dates, peanuts 0.02* Sedaxane tree nuts, apricots, plums, grapes, cranberries, figs, dates, peanuts 0.01* Tau-fluvalinate plums, cranberries, peanuts 0.01* * Indicates lower limit of determination.

EU: Pesticide Withdrawals The European Commission did not approve the renewal of the following active substances.

Active substance Regulation Adoption date Withdrawal date Chlorpropham Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/989 of 17 June 2019 08-07-2019 08-01-2020 Dimethoate Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1090 of 26 June 2019 30-06-2019 17-01-2019 Desmedipham Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1100 of 27 June 2019 01-07-2019 01-01-2020

JAPAN: MRLs Update The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan notified the World Trade Organization of the “Revision of the Standards and Specifications for Foods and Food Additives under the Food Sanitation Act (revision of agricultural chemical residue standards)”, which includes the following MRLs in nuts and fruits.

Pesticide Product MRL (ppm) Date peanuts, apricot, cranberry, date, pecan, almond, walnut, other nuts 0.01 Cyanophos Deadline for comments: grape 0.1 16-08-2019 Tetradifon apricot, cranberry, grape, date, pecan, almond, walnut, other nuts 0.01 Isopyrazam peanuts 0.01 No comments are applicable

NEW ZEALAND: MRLs Update On August 30, 2019, the Ministry of Primary Industries of New Zealand published the ‘Food Notice: Maximum Residue Levels for Agricultural Compounds (2019)’. This document revokes and replaces the former ‘Food Notice: Maximum Residue Levels for Agricultural Compounds, issued 5 December 2018’.

18 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 19 Legal Update Legal Update

The following MRLs of pesticides in nuts and fruits are established: Pesticide Product MRL (ppm) Date Clethodim grapes 0.02(*) Coumatetralyl any food 0.001(*) Difenoconazole grapes 0.05 Difethialone any food 0.001(*) 30-08-2019 Diphacinone any food 0.001(*) Flumioxazin grapes, stone fruits 0.02(*) Flusilazole grapes 0.01(*) Metrafenone grapes 0.15

USA: MRLs Update The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency established the following MRLs in nuts and fruits.

Pesticide Product MRL (ppm) Adoption Date fruit, stone, group 12-12 4.0 Penthiopyrad 06-06-2019 nut, tree, group 14-12 0.05 grape, raisin 4 nut, tree, group 14-12 0.06 Mefentrifluconazole 28-06-2019 peanut 0.01 plum prune, dried 4 Fluopyram cranberry 2 01-07-2019 fruit, stone, group 12-12 3 Sulfoxaflor 24-07-2019 nut, tree, group 14-12 0.015 nut, tree, group 14-12 0.07 Pydiflumetofen 12-08-2019 plum, prune, dried 1 Emamectin nut, tree, group 14-12 0.02 27-08-2019 fruit, stone, group 12-12 (except nectarine and peach); grape, raisins 2 Buprofezin 29-08-2019 nut, tree, group 14-12 0.05 Pyraflufen-ethyl fruit, stone, group 12-12: nut, tree, group 14-12 0.01 12-09-2019 Contaminants CANADA: Cyanide in Apricot Kernels On July 25, 2019, Health Canada notified the addition of a new ML of 20 ppm total extractable cyanide in apricot kernels sold for human consumption, which is also applicable to apricot kernels used as an ingredient in other foods. It will be effective from January 25, 2020.

EFSA: Consultation on Aflatoxins On October 4, 2019, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) launched a public consultation on its draft Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of aflatoxins in food. This draft document presents estimations of human dietary exposure to aflatoxins and an assessment of human health risks related to dietary exposure to aflatoxins. The deadline for comments is November 15, 2019. EFSA states that aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most genotoxic compound compared with the other aflatoxins (B2, G1, G2 and M1), however fewer studies are available regarding the genotoxicity of the other aflatoxins. EFSA considers that liver carcinogenicity of aflatoxins remains the pivotal effect for the risk assessment. In view of the genotoxic properties of aflatoxins, EFSA considers that it is not appropriate to establish a tolerable daily intake. Regarding chronic dietary exposure, the highest AFB1 and total aflatoxins (AFT) mean concentrations were obtained for the food category ‘legumes, nuts and oilseeds’, in particular for pistachios, peanuts and ‘other seeds’. EFSA highlights the need for more technical and scientific data, and recommends continuous monitoring of the presence of aflatoxins in light of potential increases due to climate change.

EU: Changes to Border Controls On July 23, 2019, the European Union published the Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2019/1249 of 22 July 2019 amending Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 669/2009 implementing Regulation (EC) No 882/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the increased level of official controls on imports of certain feed and food of non-animal origin. Apricot kernels from Turkey (50% of control frequency for cyanide) and peanuts and peanut butter from the United States (10% of control frequency for aflatoxins) are added to the list. In addition, the control frequency of sulphites in dried apricots from Turkey decreased from 20% to 10%. The Regulation entered into force on July 26, 2019. After the modification, the control frequency for nuts and dried fruits is the following (amendments and additions are in bold):

18 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 19 Legal Update

Frequency of physical Feed and food Country of origin Hazard and identity checks (%) Groundnuts (peanuts), in shell, shelled, otherwise prepared or Bolivia Aflatoxins 50 preserved, or peanut butter Hazelnuts, in shell or shelled Georgia Aflatoxins 50 Groundnuts (peanuts) in shell, shelled, otherwise prepared or Madagascar Aflatoxins 50 preserved, or peanut butter Groundnuts (peanuts) in shell, shelled, otherwise prepared or Senegal Aflatoxins 50 preserved, or peanut butter Dried grapes Turkey Ochratoxin A 5 Dried apricots and apricots otherwise prepared or preserved Turkey Sulphites 10 Unprocessed whole, ground, milled, cracked, chopped apricot Turkey Cyanide 50 kernels intended to be placed on the market for the final consumer Groundnuts (peanuts) in shell, shelled, otherwise prepared or United States Aflatoxins 10 preserved, or peanut butter Pistachios in shell, shelled or roasted United States Aflatoxins 10 Dried apricots and apricots otherwise prepared or preserved Uzbekistan Sulphites 50 Trade CHINA: Additional Tariffs China imposed additional tariffs on certain US products in response to the imposition of higher tariffs on selected Chinese goods from September 1, 2019, and from December 15, 2019. Among other US commodities, the following products are listed:

Tariffs imposed on Sept. 1, 2019 Tariffs that will be imposed from Dec. 15, 2019 Additional Additional HS Code Article description HS Code Article description duty duty 0801 2100 Brazil nuts, in-shell 10% 1202 4100 Peanuts, in-shell 5% 0801 2200 Brazil nuts, shelled 10% 2008 1190 Peanuts, other 10% 0801 3100 Cashew nuts, in-shell 10% 2008 1920 Other canned nuts 5% 0801 3200 Cashew nuts, shelled 10% 2008 1999 Other nuts 10% 0802 1100 Almonds, in-shell 10% 0802 1200 Almonds, shelled 10% EU-USA: Decision in Airbus Subsidy Dispute 0802 2200 Hazelnuts, shelled 10% 0802 3100 Walnuts, in-shell 10% On October 2, 2019, the World Trade Organization (WTO) 0802 3200 Walnuts, shelled 10% issued its decision on the level of countermeasures the United 0802 5100 Pistachios, in-shell 10% States may request to the European Union in regard to the 0802 5200 Pistachios, shelled 10% Airbus dispute. 0802 6190 Macadamia nuts, in-shell 10% The WTO has authorized the United States to impose 0802 6200 Macadamia nuts, shelled 10% additional duties against EU products at a level of $7.5 billion 0802 9030 Pine nuts, shelled 10% 0804 1000 Dates, fresh or dried 10% annually. The tariffs will be applied to a range of imports from 0804 2000 Figs, fresh or dried 10% EU Member States, with the bulk of the tariffs being applied 0806 2000 Grapes, dried 10% to imports from France, Germany, Spain and the United 0813 1000 Apricots, dried 10% Kingdom. The additional duties are effectives since October 0813 2000 Prunes 10% 18, 2019. 1202 4200 Peanuts, shelled 10% The tariff increases will be limited to 25% on agricultural 2008 1110 Groundnuts, in airtight containers 5% 2008 1120 Peanuts, roasted 10% and other products. However, the US has the authority 2008 1130 Peanut butter 10% to increase the tariffs at any time or change the products Cranberries, prepared or preserved affected. Nuts and dried fruits are not included in the final 2008 9300 10% not from vinegar product list. TRADE AGREEMENTS Date Trade agreement The EU and Mercosur (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay) reached a political agreement for an ambitious and comprehensive June 28, 2019 trade deal. This Agreement would consolidate a strategic political and economic partnership and create significant opportunities for sustainable growth. The EU and Vietnam signed a Free Trade Agreement and an Investment Protection Agreement. The Agreement will eliminate nearly all June 30, 2019 customs duties on goods traded between the two parties in a progressive way. It also contains specific provisions to remove technical obstacles to trade. The UK and South Korea signed a Trade Continuity Agreement aimed at safeguarding exporters from the impacts of the UK’s withdrawal August 22, 2019 from the EU.

The US and Japan signed a Trade Agreement that will eliminate tariffs on US agricultural products such as almonds, walnuts, prunes and September 25, 2019 cranberries, among others.

20 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 21 20 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 21 TOMRA 3C - A REVOLUTIONARY NEW PRODUCT FOR THE NUT & SEED INDUSTRY THAT WILL DRAMATICALLY IMPROVE EFFICIENCIES OF YOUR HULLING, SHELLING AND INSHELL OPERATIONS. For more than 40 years, TOMRA Food designs and manufactures sensor-based sorting machines and integrated post-harvest solutions for the food industry, using the world’s most advanced grading, sorting, peeling and analytical technology.

www.tomra.com/food 22 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT [email protected] November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 23 Feature Articles

Social Compliance in the Nut and Dried Fruit Industry

The XXI century is The concept of social compliance auditing certifies ethical practices. is moving into a wider scope and More and more companies establish defined, among other companies focus attention on their on their DNA core values and internal things, for society making relationships with employees and their programs and certifications, like Ferrero an effort to try to leave a perspective on social responsibility. It Hazelnut –the biggest buyer of Turkish is believed that another way of doing hazelnuts. The company increased better planet for the next business is possible. The nut and dried over the last decade quality and generations. It’s not only fruit industry has taken major steps to productivity of the hazelnut production about recycling, reducing eliminate unfair, dangerous and unethical with Ferrero Farming Values practices, labor practices in its supply chain, as a long-term project created with the and re-using. It’s much well as to guarantee safe and hygienic aim of using 100% traceable hazelnuts. more. It’s also about working conditions. Brand reputation Furthermore, since 2013, Ferrero changing the paradigm and stakeholder expectations might has been participating in a Public- hang by a thread. Private Partnership with the European and believing that Association of Chocolate, Biscuit & another type of business Certifying Ethical Practices Confectionery Industries (CAOBISCO) can be done. Corporations are willing to and the ILO on a project to eliminate demonstrate that they are compliant the worst forms of child labor (WFCL) with internationally recognized labor in seasonal agriculture in hazelnut standards in their business practices. harvesting in Turkey. The Ethical Trade Initiative Base Code In this regard, since 2013, Balsu, (ETI), based on the ILO (International one of the leading hazelnut processing Labour Organization Norms), is a non- companies in the world, has been profit organization launched in 2004 running a social compliance program for that defines best practices in worldwide Responsible Recruitment of Seasonal ethical trade. Companies in the supply Agricultural Workers in Turkey. The chain are expected to share their program was created to improve working information in the ETI audit using the and living conditions with a focus on SEDEX (Supplier Ethical Data Exchange) responsible recruitment practices of platform. Companies like Balsu Gida, seasonal migrant agricultural workers Barry Callebaut Sourcing, Besana who travel to hazelnut producing cities TOMRA 3C - A REVOLUTIONARY NEW PRODUCT Group, Borges, Ferrero, Importaco from the southeast and east of Turkey. SA, Intersnack Procurement, Kellogg This goes in parallel with the certification Company, Lidl, Mars INC., METRO AG, program in hazelnut farming, developed FOR THE NUT & SEED INDUSTRY THAT WILL Mondelez, MWT Foods, Nestlé, The to increase productivity and quality. Hershey Company, Tesco or Whitworths Moreover, Nestlé, Olam and DRAMATICALLY IMPROVE EFFICIENCIES OF YOUR Limited, to mention a few, are members Balsu pilot-tested the United States of SEDEX. Department of Agriculture Guidelines HULLING, SHELLING AND INSHELL OPERATIONS. Another example is the UTZ for Eliminating Child Labor and Forced Certified label and program for Labor in Agricultural Supply Chains. sustainable farming practices, better The result? The numbers speak for For more than 40 years, TOMRA Food designs and manufactures sensor-based sorting working conditions and care for nature, themselves: 2,470 harvest workers machines and integrated post-harvest solutions for the food industry, using the world’s which shows consumers that products reached, 509 children provided safe most advanced grading, sorting, peeling and analytical technology. have been sourced, from farm to shop spaces, 287 farmers received training, shelf, in a sustainable manner. and 256 community members attended Following this, not only third-party trainings, among others. www.tomra.com/food 22 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT [email protected] November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 23 Feature Articles

287 2,470 Farmers received Harvest workers training reached

Labor contractors 509 219 received training Children provided supply chains are complex, the Group’s safe spaces Community members aim is to ensure that human rights attended trainings 256 issues are understood, respected and upheld. ‘We expect business partners Government officials to adhere to our ethical business 89 received training Labor contractors 139 conduct consistent with our own, and registered are committed to working with them to fulfil this common goal, and proactively Company personnel address human rights’, as reflected on trained 34 their Statements. In relation to the issue with child 24 labor in the Turkish hazelnut sector, Housing renovations Teachers trained completed 123 according to the European Federation of the Trade in Dried Fruits and Edible Nuts (FRUCOM), at the recent EU-Turkey Source: Harvesting the Future, Fair Labour Association, June 2018. Hazelnuts Consultations meeting held in Istanbul, on October 18, Mr. Abdullah Conducting business in an ethical, particularly in developing countries, Ayaz, Director General of Migration socially responsible and environmentally however, a number of solutions Management, Ministry of Interior, stated sustainable manner should be a must designed to improve traceability that Turkey does not tolerate child in every aspect of a business. As Olam have arisen in recent years, like the labor and is serious about combatting exposes, upholding high standards of Blockchain technology. Cooperation, it, having concluded an agreement with behavior is fundamental to their values dialogue and understanding are the the ILO. and culture. In this regard, Olam’s Ethical key features to face the traceability Business Programme (EBP) looks to challenges and to ensure the quality and Safe & Hygienic Working strengthen their ethical and compliance safety of the products, and in this same Conditions standards, and earn and maintain the sense, to detect child labor and modern Nothing new to say that new technology trust of investors, customers, suppliers, slavery. and advanced machinery has irrupted in employees, communities and other Tesco’s Responsible Sourcing all industries and the nut and dried fruit stakeholders. The program sets out Programme is about buying and selling sector is no exception. standards and behaviors, which are products responsibly, so that customers The cashew industry embarked on detailed in the Olam Code of Conduct, can know that everything they buy is mechanization years ago, not only to as well as in their Fair Employment produced under decent conditions provide better working conditions to Policy, Anti-bribery and Corruption, and and everyone involved is treated workers and to reduce costs, but also Supplier Code, among others. fairly. Monitoring the whole process due to the non-availability of workers. is the key element to get the truth of India and Vietnam are a proof of it. The Responsible & Ethical what’s behind the product and with use of manual cracking has been almost Sourcing that, assessments of possible risks, completely eliminated. Besides, the Over the past decade, the retail industry understanding workers and identifying cashew seeds are cooked, either in oil has set very high and demanding trends help ensure transparency across or by steaming, and then cracked by standards of ethical sourcing, with a the supply chain. machines. much stronger emphasis on supply What is more, companies like the In mechanized shelling, less than 2% chain transparency and sustainability, Australian Woolworths Group reflect of raw cashew nuts have to be shelled and standards that are being audited in their Responsible Sourcing Program manually –those cashews that machines and assessed on a regular basis. that their expectations are not only on are not able to shell– and, in most cases, Traceability of agricultural produce is their suppliers, but also their suppliers’ this small number of manual workers are still a challenge to the supply chains, suppliers. While their operations and provided with safety gloves.

24 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 25 24 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 25 Feature Articles

Improving the Autonomy of the Electric Vehicle through the Use of Almond Shells

DR. ALVARO CABALLERO Professor of Inorganic Chemistry at the Universidad de Córdoba (Spain). He is corresponding author of the article Benítez, A., González-Tejero, M., Caballero, A., Morales, J. (2018). Almond Shell as a Microporous Carbon Source for Sustainable Cathodes in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries. Materials, 11(8), 1428.

The rise of the electric car is being held back due to the lack of batteries with a high level of autonomy and low environmental impact. Spanish investigators demonstrate the potential of almond shells as a sustainable solution to the problem.

The continuing increase in CO2 emissions is real and concerning. The efficient use of sources of renewable energy We propose the use of and the replacement of internal combustion engines with electric motors in the development of more sustainable agri-food industry by- vehicles, such as hybrids (HEV), plug-in hybrids (PHEV) and, products as a source of ultimately, completely electric vehicles (EV), is a key objective for our society. All of these require an on-board source these carbons, avoiding the of energy to power the electric motor. From the available use of products which can options, the most suitable are rechargeable batteries, that is, portable devices capable of delivering stored chemical otherwise be used as food energy as electrical energy with high conversion efficiency (soya, rice, corn, etc.). and without producing emissions. Lithium-ion batteries are particularly attractive for this purpose given their high energy-density value, which is why they are currently used in all electric vehicles. However, there are several reasons to suspect that this battery’s future may be uncertain, especially if all petrol and diesel vehicles on the road are to be replaced by their electric counterparts. Among the challenges faced are autonomy, rapid charging, the economic and environmental cost of their production, the availability of their constituent materials and the safety of the vehicle when in use. In terms of performance, lithium-ion batteries cannot compete with

26 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 27 Feature Articles

the autonomy of conventional vehicles drawbacks of Li-ion. For one, the carbon directly by calcining at high running on fossil fuels. What is more, battery’s main component is sulfur, an temperature does not produce the the current configuration of these abundant naturally occurring material desired type of carbon, which would be batteries does not allow for charging in which is considered environmentally a material with a large active surface and as little time as it takes to fill the tank safe in comparison with the materials high internal porosity, with the smallest on a conventional vehicle. Although used in Li-ion technology. Sulfur can be possible pores to be able to trap sulfur the manufacturing costs of batteries obtained directly from the ground by inside and which can react correctly with decreases with the introduction of mining, although it is mostly produced lithium during the use and recharging enormous factories (gigafactories), as a byproduct in petrochemical plants. of the battery in the vehicle. To achieve the environmental impact of Therefore, it eliminates the need this, an activation stage is employed, manufacturing is considerable, with for critical materials such as cobalt, during which it is impregnated with several international studies suggesting nickel and copper. The main challenge phosphoric acid, an inexpensive and that it would be incorrect to define EVs posed by sulfur is the need for a matrix widely available compound with no as ‘zero-emission’. The cost is directly to provide electrical conductivity and environmental impact. Thanks to this linked to the need for critical metals space to react with the lithium. At activation it is possible to produce a to make the battery, such as cobalt, present, the most widely used material microporous type of carbon which lithium and copper, whose availability for for this purpose is carbon. Most of the has the ideal characteristics for use as mass-production is questionable. Lastly, carbons studied as a sulfur matrix are a matrix for the sulfur in the battery. there is room for improvement in the derivatives of petrochemical products The energy results of button batteries safety of the technology, although fire or synthetic organic compounds with containing this type of material are very and explosions will pose a threat as long complicated production processes and positive in terms of autonomy, stability as volatile flammable electrolytes are costly raw materials. In order to reduce and the possibility of rapid charging. required for them to function. the expense, our investigation team Studies of simulations of use in electric develops sustainable carbon materials vehicles have shown a more than 50% In terms of performance, designed to be used as a sulfur matrix increase in vehicle autonomy when using lithium-ion batteries cannot in Li-S batteries. For this purpose, we this battery. compete with the autonomy of propose the use of agri-food industry Studies of simulations of use conventional vehicles running by-products as a source of these in electric vehicles have shown on fossil fuels. carbons, avoiding the use of products which can otherwise be used as food a more than 50% increase in One very promising technological (soya, rice, corn, etc.). For a by-product vehicle autonomy when using alternative is lithium-sulfur (Li-S) of this type to be suitable in this study, this battery. batteries, a system which works by way it must contain a high percentage of of an electrical process which delivers a carbon and it is for this reason that As a result, this study proves the theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh/ almond shells have been proposed as feasibility of using batteries based on kg, an order of magnitude greater than the ideal candidate. carbon derived from almond shells conventional Li-ion batteries. The starting point for this study was and opens the way for studies into In addition to this enormous energy ground and washed almond shells. The the possibility of using other nut by- advantage, due to which it would be process by which they are turned into products, such as walnut, hazelnut possible to increase autonomy by carbon consists of a simple pyrolysis, and pistachio shells, whose chemical almost 10 times, Li-S batteries offer avoiding the presence of air during characteristics would suggest their several benefits with respect to the heating. Converting the shells into suitability.

26 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 27 28 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 29 Feature Articles

The Potential for Nanotechnology in the Food and Agriculture Industry

Nanotechnology is the understanding and manipulation of material at the nanoscale (typically 1-100 nm) to provide new products with special properties. Nanotechnology can benefit the food industry mainly in the areas of agriculture, packaging and health supplements.

A nanometre (nm) is one millionth of a Nutrients and Supplements millimetre and nanomaterials are made The benefits in using nanotechnology from structures in the scale 1-100 nm in medicine and health food in any direction. When particles are this supplements mainly are that the small, they have fundamentally different drugs or supplements in nanoform are properties, and nanotechnology uses absorbed faster or delivered to the these properties to manufacture new targeted area much more efficiently. materials or products. In the non-food This means that their effects are more arena nanotechnology products include immediate, and a lower concentration improved transparent sunscreens, can be used, minimising any unwanted stay-clean coatings for windows and side effects. The same benefits can buildings, carbon fibre products for cars, be used for animal or plant welfare. PROF. KATHY GROVES sports goods and wheelchairs and there Examples include nano-encapsulated Kathy has worked with the food industry are many applications of nano-sensors fertilisers or insecticides. One pesticide for over 40 years relating food structure in the electronics, energy and materials under development is designed to to product quality including publishing on industry. Examples of nanomaterials can release its toxin only when inside the nanotechnology for food. Kathy is an IFST be found in the pharmaceutical industry, target insect, removing the risk of (Institute of Food Science & Technology) especially around encapsulation harm to beneficial insects that can science committee member and visiting and targeted drug delivery, making come with a conventional application. professor at the University of Chester in drugs more effective at lower doses. Using nano-nutrients in animal feed the UK, and is currently a consultant and Examples of environmental applications can deliver benefits faster and for less director of Foodview Ltd. include nano-thin sheets of aluminium cost overall. oxide to filter heavy metals from contaminated water and nano-catalysts to accelerate the breakdown of other contaminants. In the food arena the main applications of nanotechnology are in the following areas:

• Food packaging • Health food supplements • Agriculture • Manufacturing/processing • Food safety

28 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 29 Feature Articles

Packaging and Coatings Concerns and Regulations The development of smart food packaging has seen the Whilst there are obvious benefits to the applications of application of nanotechnology probably more than in any nanotechnology, there are also some concerns on the other food area. Smart packaging includes both active and potential toxicity of nano particles to human and animal intelligent packaging. Active packaging is used to control the health and to the environment. Some of the concerns are deterioration of the food product due either to oxidation or linked to a mistrust of science and to the GMO debate. spoilage. An example is the inclusion of clay nanoparticles However, most of the concerns centre around the use of in plastic bottles or packaging to provide a barrier to oxygen persistent engineered nanomaterials (pENM) which include or carbon dioxide, extending the shelf life of the products. nano-silver coatings, nano-titanium dioxide and nano-silica. Another example of active packaging is the use of nano- Concerns that nano-silver might leach from products into the coatings, such as nano-silver, which can be used to prevent environment and pose a threat to natural bacteria have been microbial growth, and have been applied both to packaging raised. Additionally, the potential for titanium dioxide and and to the insides of fridges or other food storage containers. silica, both approved food additives, to contain nanoparticles These coatings could be applied to surfaces of animal housing that could be absorbed in the intestine and be harmful, has both to reduce microbial growth and also to make cleaning been raised. Research to date has shown no migration of less frequent and easier. In a different application, edible silver or other nanomaterials from packaging or coatings coatings containing nano-emulsions made from plant-based and no toxicity effects have been demonstrated for titanium ingredients have been developed to protect fruit during dioxide. Further research and caution is advised for these storage and transport. materials not usually ingested. Intelligent packaging monitors the condition of packaged Regulations exist for the inclusion of nanomaterials foods. Examples include inks or patches that act by changing in packaging, and the use of other forms of nanoparticles colour, alerting the consumer or retailer when the contents in food products is generally considered under the novel are no longer safe or useable. foods regulations. In most cases the use of nanomaterials is considered on a case by case basis. Sensors Nano sensors are increasing in a wide range of applications, Summary such as producing rapid and sensitive tests for pathogens, or Maintaining food security and production is hugely important for certain medical tests, for example blood glucose. These in the context of global population growth and a changing sensors can be developed for use in the agriculture industry, environment, and the use of science and especially such as detecting changes in soil conditions or growth of nanotechnology provides essential platforms for maintaining pathogens in soil or crops. QR codes containing nano-sensors these. There are already several beneficial uses for the can also provide information delivered to mobile phones. As agriculture industry in terms of improved crop production well as being used in marketing products to the consumer, and animal health and nutrition, and without doubt these these codes are used to ensure authenticity against will continue to be developed further. In terms of consumer counterfeit products and deliver information to farmers on acceptability of nanotechnology, research has shown that animal health history or crop details such as planting date, if benefits to the consumer can be demonstrated then the application of fertiliser, etc. applications are more easily accepted.

More detailed information on nanotechnology applications in food can be obtained from the IFST information statement https://www.ifst.org/resources/information-statements/nanotechnology and reviews on applications for agriculture specifically in the following links: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6680665/ https://www.jfda-online.com/article/S1021-9498(18)30173-X/fulltext

30 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 31 Feature Articles ARE YOU CHOOSING BETWEEN QUALITY AND YIELD?

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Nut Fruit Ad 181023.indd 1 1/17/2019 1:59:36 PM Feature Articles

Portugal: Almond Production on the Rise

PhD STUDENTS ANA SANTOS AND SANDRA TEIXEIRA

Ana Lobo Santos is a PhD student at the University of León working on the study of Dryocosmus kuriphilus control. She is the technical coordinator of CNCFS, Centro Nacional de Competências dos Frutos Secos [National Center for Tree Nuts] and participates in several projects to promote the development of the tree nut sector in Portugal. Sandra M. Teixeira is a PhD student in Management at the University of Beira Interior. She works at CNCFS and has contributed to several publications.

The almond is a highly versatile nut Portugal Almond Production Area (ha) and appreciated for its flavor and nutritional Production (in-shell and kernel basis, MT) properties, with such characteristics Production Area (hectares) Production (kernel basis, metric tons) boosting the sector in Portugal and Production (in-shell basis, metric tons) Yield (metric tons/ha) around the world and prompting the Yield surge in its economic value. (MT/ha) 40,000 0,70

35,000 0,60 30,000 In 2017, Portugal’s almond tree plantations covered some 0,50 25,000 34,002 hectares and its production reached 20,139 metric 0,40 tons (in-shell basis), corresponding to 21% of the total tree 20,000 0,30 nut production in Portugal and 38% of the area used for 15,000 such purposes (INE, 2019) [Portuguese National Statistics 10,000 0,20 Institute]. 5,000 0,10

As mentioned, Portugal has witnessed an expansion in 0 0,00 the area used for almond production, with an increase of 27% registered for the period of 2009 to 2017. The national almond 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 production (unshelled and shelled) also grew by around 65% Year from 2010 to 2017. The almond yield in terms of metric tons Figure 1. Evolution of Portugal’s almond production area, almond production (in-shell and per hectare, for its part, increased by 56% from 2010 to kernel basis) and yield in metric tons (from 2005 to 2017). Source: Developed by 2017 (Figure 1), with such a surge in the trees’ productivity the author based on INE data (2019). directly linked to new cultivation techniques, the use of more productive varieties and new training techniques (Figure 2). An analysis of the sector according to NUTS II (EU 5,037 hectares, which is lower than that for the production Nomenclature of Statistical Territorial Units) allows us to area in the Algarve (Figure 3). According to data provided confirm that the almond production area expanded the by the Empresa de Desenvolvimento e Infraestruturas most from 2013 to 2017 in the North and Alentejo regions, do Alqueva, S.A. (EDIA) [Alqueva Development and registering an increase of 6.75% and 80.76%, respectively. Infrastructures Company], 7,462 hectares of irrigated almond The Alentejo witnessed a significant expansion in the almond tree plantations were registered in 2018, with 6,500 hectares production area due to access to terrain irrigated by Alqueva to have already been registered by February this year (2019) Dam. In 2017, the production area in the North expanded to and a further 2,000 hectares expected to be registered by the cover 20,125 hectares, while this figure for the Alentejo was end of the year.

32 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 33 Feature Articles

Portugal: Almond Production This data demonstrates that the past 10 years have seen Production Areas (ha) the Alentejo come to represent the region with the second 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 largest area of almond plantations, with forecasts suggesting on the Rise that within two or three years it will almost come to match the production recorded for Trás-os-Montes, where the trees are 20,000 mostly watered and planted in intensive or super-intensive 18,000 systems. The Trás-os-Montes region has recently registered 16,000 the installation of irrigated almond plantations. The drive for 14,000 greater yields per hectare has spurred the development of new 12,000 pruning techniques, more efficient training techniques and a 10,000 subsequent rise in the number of trees planted per hectare. 8,000 This growth has also been reflected in the number of 6,000 almond trees sold in nurseries, to have almost doubled from 4,000 2012 to 2017, rising from 57,874 trees to 115,184 (Figure 4). 2,000 Almond plantations have been revealed to be a profitable 0 and economically sustainable crop. Thanks to the growth in North Algarve Alentejo Centre Lisbon cultivation in the Alentejo region, new investments on both Metropolitan Figure 3. Aea a national and international level have also emerged in the Production areas according to NUTS II (2013-2017). Source: Developed by the processing area. author based on INE data (2019).

No. of Trees Bought in Nurseries Season: 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17

120,000 110,000 100,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Total no. North Centre Alentejo Algarve of trees Figure 2. Figure 4. a) Super-intensive almond plantation; b) Intensive almond plantation; Number of almond trees bought in nurseries in Portugal (2012-2017). c) Traditional almond plantation Source: Developed by the author based on INE data (2019).

Bibliography: GPP (2019). Gabinete de Planeamento, Políticas e Administração Geral. Amêndoa. Available from www.gpp.pt/images/gam/1/de/Amendoa.xlsx (Consulted in March 2019). INE (2017). Instituto Nacional de Estatística. Estatísticas Agrícolas 2017. Available from https://ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_ publicacoes&PUBLICACOESpub_boui=320461359&PUBLICACOEStema=55505&PUBLICACOESmodo=2 (Consulted in March 2019). Your Distributor for Germany Import · Customs Clearance · VAT · Logistics · Storage · Sales · Retail · Distribution

Walnuts · Almonds · Macadamias · Brazil Nuts · Prunes · Raisins · Apricots · Dates · Figs · Peaches · Mangoes · Pineapple · Tomatoes www.palm-nutsandmore.de · [email protected]

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32 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 33 Feature Articles

Australian Wild Origins of Macadamia Domestication in Hawaii

Macadamia orchard in northern NSW, Australia. © Cathy Macas Clunes

DR. CATHERINE Macadamia is native to Australia but most of the NOCK world’s cultivated macadamia trees were bred in Dr. Catherine Nock is a Research Fellow Hawaii from seed collected in Australia in the late 19th at Southern Cross University, Australia. century. Recent genetic research suggests that the Her research focusses on the genomics, global macadamia industry originated from a site near population genetics and evolutionary history of Australian subtropical species. Gympie in Queensland and possibly a single tree. Dr. Craig Hardner, as collaborator, is a Senior Research Fellow in horticulture, quantitative genetics and tree breeding Macadamia has an interesting history. According to historical records, at the University of Queensland. They Within the last century it journeyed macadamia was taken to Hawaii by W.H. co-authored the article Nock, CJ, from Australian rainforests through Purvis between 1881 and 1885 with Hardner, CM, Montenegro, JD, Ahmad Hawaii to become a global nut crop. trees planted near Kukuihaele on the Big Termizi, AA, Hayashi, S, Playford, J, While many crops such as rice, wheat, Island. This was followed by a second Edwards, D, Batley, J (2019) Wild origins apples and almonds were domesticated introduction by R.A. Jordan in 1892 that of macadamia domestication identified thousands of years ago, the earliest was grown in Honolulu on Oahu. There through intraspecific chloroplast genome macadamia orchards were established is limited information on the source of sequencing. Frontiers in Plant Science just over 100 years ago. The preferred the Purvis introduction although three 10:334. species for commercial production, trees growing in Kapulena are thought Macadamia integrifolia, was first to be from the original plantings. The introduced to Hawaii in the late 19th Jordan introduction was reportedly century. Its expansion as a commercial M. integrifolia seed from Queensland, crop occurred in Hawaii from the 1920s. Australia, and is represented by an old Seedling orchards, grafting and breeding tree still growing in Honolulu. in Hawaii produced cultivars that now Macadamia is endemic to the represent the majority of the trees lowland rainforests of subtropical grown in orchards worldwide. eastern Australia and commercial

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varieties are only a few generations removed from their wild over the past 10 years, according to INC data. Macadamias are ancestors. Genetic research was undertaken to try to find out valued at US$1.1 billion representing about 2% of the global where the seed taken to Hawaii was collected. Dr. Catherine trade in tree nuts in 2018/19 (kernel basis). Australia, South Nock from Southern Cross University, and Dr. Craig Hardner Africa, Kenya, and the United States are the major producers and colleagues from University of Queensland sequenced and the crop is also cultivated in China, South East Asia, the chloroplast genome of Hawaiian macadamia varieties South America, Malawi, and New Zealand. Future growth in and trees from the early introductions as well as wild trees in global production is predicted following recent extensions in Australia. The chloroplast genome is maternally inherited and planting, particularly in China and South Africa. traces the seedline, and has provided valuable insight into the origins of apple and citrus. Most of the Hawaiian varieties were traced back to a site at Mooloo in southeast Queensland that is now thought to be the original source of the seed taken to Hawaii. The research, which was published in Frontiers in Plant Science, shows that the Hawaiian varieties were sourced from a narrow gene pool, and represent a small portion of the genetic diversity available in remnant wild populations. The brief domestication history and persistence of many natural populations was helpful in pinpointing the wild origins of macadamia. A single chloroplast haplotype was shared by 24 of the 26 Hawaiian varieties and old trees in the study suggesting that they may Dr. Catherine Nock collecting leaf have originated from seed collected from a single tree. These material for genetic analysis from the Australian National Macadamia include some of the most widely grown cultivars and founders Germplasm Collection. of current breeding programs: HAES 246, 294, 333, 344, 425, 508, 660, 741 and Honokaa Special. Only HAES 791 was Despite the growing success of cultivated macadamia, different and it was most closely related to wild trees from the all four species in the genus Macadamia are listed as northernmost population at Mt Bauple. threatened. While high levels of natural genetic variation The wild relatives of food crops are an irreplaceable were found, there was evidence that some has been lost resource for improved food security and production. through land clearing from the 19th century. The world’s first Identifying the origins of domestication is important for the cultivated macadamia tree may be one planted in 1858 by conservation of wild ancestors and can guide the introduction Walter Hill in the Brisbane Botanical Gardens that is still alive of untapped diversity through selective breeding. The today. His records were sadly destroyed in a flood so there is introduction of novel diversity in wild plants to cultivated no information on its origin. The ‘Walter Hill’ tree, another at varieties has led to improvements in many crops including University of California Berkeley and an old Brisbane backyard rice, barley, tomato, potato, banana and apple. There is tree were closely related to each other but not to any of the great potential to improve productivity, pest and disease wild populations included in the study. Brisbane was settled resistance and adaptation to climate variability in macadamia. by Europeans in 1824 and much of the native vegetation was Yield is impacted by a wide range of insects and microbial subsequently cleared for urban development. Dr. Nock and Dr. pathogens. We now know that genetic variation in Macadamia Hardner are working with the Macadamia Conservation Trust integrifolia is geographically structured and that most and a citizen science project, The Wild Macadamia Hunt, to commercial varieties are from the northernmost part of the find more old trees that may preserve the genetics of extinct distribution. This information will be useful in the search for wild populations. naturally resistant trees and the future development of new, Future research will extend to a larger diversity set improved varieties. including the other commercially important species M. Since the establishment of commercial seedling tetraphylla to identify the origins of varieties developed orchards in Hawaii in the 1920s and development of reliable in Australia and other parts of the world. An improved grafting techniques in the 1930s, the macadamia industry understanding of the distribution of macadamia diversity will has undergone rapid global expansion. World macadamia help to prioritise wild populations and trees for conservation production increased faster than that of any other tree nut and inclusion in ex situ and breeding collections.

34 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 35 36 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 37 Feature Articles

Taking the 'Labor' out of Selecting a Third-Party 'Labor'atory

JOSEPH NICHOLL Making the Right Choice When choosing a laboratory there are many factors to Joseph is a Technical Services Manager with more than ten consider. years of laboratory experience. With Safe Food Alliance, Joseph 1. Accreditation: ISO 17025 or A2LA is an accreditation that provides technical customer service, drives customer relation establishes that a laboratory has established procedures. Ask efforts, and provides solutions to the Sacramento Valley area. for the ISO certification and their approved scope of methods. Joseph is a graduate of Colorado State University with a Master’s Often, not all tests needed are covered under the scope. Labs of Science in Agricultural Sciences, Plant Pathology. will short cut on specific test because of costs, equipment or another reason, so it is important to check. 2. Ability and Experience: When it comes to ability and experience, the lab you choose should do a few things: - Use official and recommended methods with analyses that are repeatable and reproducible. - Have experience testing your product. - Can support you through technological advances and regulatory changes. The need for a third-party laboratory is 3. Customer Service: You should lay out what you expect from the lab upfront. Question the laboratories rush policies, how almost a must in today’s marketplace. If long it takes from a sample being submitted to a report being you are a food processor, you know that generated. many customers buying food products, 4. Drop In: You want to make sure “big customers” are being serviced the same way as “small customers.” Show up in regulations, and most Global Food Safety person and evaluate how you are treated. During the visit you Initiative (GFSI) benchmarks require can meet the technicians you’re working with, evaluate the testing. You want to have the confidence facility, and ask any questions or concerns you have. If they don’t want you to visit you don’t want to be doing business that your testing is getting done quickly, with them. and done right the first time. But finding 5. You Get What You Pay For: It is good to shop around and the right fit for your company is easier see the cost of the testing you need, but cost should be one of the last things you should think about. Quality analysis, great said than done. customer service, and timeliness should be your first priorities. 6. Other Considerations: - Do they value confidentiality? If a testing laboratory What Qualities Should you Look for When tells you who they are working with they are most likely Selecting a Lab? releasing your information too. 1. Company Needs - Does the company offer other services? Working with a What type of testing do you need? If you need multiple types company that also has auditing, training, consulting, and of testing, do you want to work with one lab who can do both? research services can give you a broader picture of food Most labs specialize in multiple areas. safety. 2. Customer Demands At the end of the day, you need to create a product that you Choosing a laboratory can be a daunting task. Take your can sell. Ask your customers if they have a preference. Many time and remember they will be representing your brand, while customers will have a list of approved laboratories that will help preserving your reputation and integrity. with overcoming any questions that may arise in the future. Committing to one lab can reduce administration costs, For more information: improve efficiencies, and decrease stress. But, always www.safefoodalliance.com reassess if the lab is meeting your company’s needs. [email protected]

36 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 37 Why does the world come to REASON NO. 2 California Reliability It’s about meeting expectations, certainly. It’s about the peace of mind that comes with sourcing from generations for prunes? of experts, absolutely. It’s about consistency in quality, size, and taste — no question. Because “sometimes” is no way to grow a business.

But that’s just one reason. Choose California Prunes for yours.

CaliforniaPrunes.org | @ CAprunes Why does the world come to REASON NO. 2 California Reliability It’s about meeting expectations, certainly. It’s about the peace of mind that comes with sourcing from generations for prunes? of experts, absolutely. It’s about consistency in quality, size, and taste — no question. Because “sometimes” is no way to grow a business.

But that’s just one reason. Choose California Prunes for yours.

CaliforniaPrunes.org | @ CAprunes Health News

Research Update on Nuts and Cardiovascular Disease Incidence and Mortality

According to the World Health Organization, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, affecting more than 17 million people in 20151. Fortunately, CVDs could be prevented and delayed through lifestyle modifications.

In this sense, a healthy diet2, such as the Mediterranean diet PROF. JORDI SALAS-SALVADÓ (MedDiet), has been associated with a lower risk of CVD3. Nuts PhD STUDENT INDIRA PAZ GRANIEL are a key food component of this dietary pattern, therefore AND PROF. JORDI SALAS-SALVADÓ in recent years interest in studying the effect of this group of foods on health has been increasing. Human Nutrition Unit from the Department of Biochemistry In order to update and summarize the available scientific and Biotechnology, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan evidence on the relationship between nut consumption and de Reus, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, IISPV, the incidence or mortality due to CVD and its different causes, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat a research group4 recently conducted a systematic review and Rovira i Virgili, Reus (Spain). CIBER, Centro de Investigación meta-analysis (complex statistical analysis that attempts to Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, summarize the results of different studies and provides the Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid (Spain). highest level of scientific evidence). After evaluating 2,992 potential studies for inclusion in the meta-analysis (all the studies published until now), 19 were selected for quantitative analysis. The included studies were The latest systematic conducted in different parts of the world such as in Europe, America, Asia and Oceania. For this study, we analyzed not only review and meta-analysis the total nut consumption, but also the association between of all published studies the different types of nut (almonds, walnuts, hazelnuts, peanuts, etc.) and various types of cardiovascular events such concludes that the as coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, heart failure and atrial consumption of nuts may fibrillation (the most common heart rhythm disorder). We observed that subjects with the highest total nut help reduce the risk of consumption versus those with the lowest consumption incidence of cardiovascular presented a 15%, 23%, 18%, 24% and 15% reduced risk of CVD incidence, CVD mortality, CHD incidence, CHD mortality, disease and mortality. and atrial fibrillation, respectively. However, no association was observed between total nut consumption and the incidence of mortality due to stroke (neither hemorrhagic nor ischemic stroke) or heart failure incidence.

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In addition, we analyzed whether there was a possible dose- These results are in line with previous studies11 showing an response relationship between nut consumption and various inverse association between nut consumption and different CVD outcomes. We observed a reduction in the risk of CVD CVD outcomes. There is strong scientific evidence to suggest incidence, CVD and CHD mortality up to a consumption of 10 that the inclusion of nuts in the diet of the general population g/day and 15-20 g/day, respectively, with no further reduction could promote cardiovascular health. In addition, these results with higher consumption. Furthermore, the reduction in the risk will be useful in order to update the clinical practice guidelines of of stroke mortality was observed up to consumption of 5 g/day, the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and with no significant reductions above this amount. other worldwide recommendations. Regarding specific types of nuts, tree nut consumption (nuts, almonds, hazelnuts, pistachios) was associated with a lower risk of incidence and mortality from CVD and CHD. The consumption of peanuts was associated with a lower incidence and mortality of CVD, stroke and CHD, and walnut consumption was associated with a lower incidence of CVD, stroke and CHD. In addition, an association was found between the frequency of peanut consumption and a lower incidence and mortality due to stroke. Regarding peanut butter consumption, no association References 1. World Health Organization. WHO | Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). with CVD outcomes was observed. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs317/en/. Published 2017. The exact mechanisms by which the consumption of nuts Accessed March 27, 2018. 2. Yu E, Malik VS, Hu FB. Cardiovascular Disease Prevention by Diet Modification.J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72(8):914-926. reduces the risk of suffering some type of CVD is unclear. It doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.02.085 3. Willett WC, Sacks F, Trichopoulou A, et al. seems that their high content of healthy fats (monounsaturated Mediterranean diet pyramid: a cultural model for healthy eating. Am J Clin Nutr. 1995;61(6):1402S-1406S. doi:10.1093/ajcn/61.6.1402S 4. Becerra-Tomas N, Paz- and polyunsaturated)5, and their content of protein, minerals Graniel I, W C Kendall C, et al. Nut consumption and incidence of cardiovascular (such as potassium and magnesium), vitamins (including diseases and cardiovascular disease mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Nutr Rev. 2019 Jul 30. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz042 5. Ros E, Mataix vitamins C and E) and phenolic compounds6 could act J. Fatty acid composition of nuts--implications for cardiovascular health. Br J synergistically, modulating different factors of cardiovascular Nutr. 2006;96 Suppl 2:S29-35. 6. Segura R, Javierre C, Lizarraga MA, Ros E. Other relevant components of nuts: phytosterols, folate and minerals. Br J Nutr. 2006;96 risk such as the lipid profile, blood pressure, glucose levels Suppl 2:S36-44. 7. Sabaté J, Oda K, Ros E. Nut consumption and blood lipid levels: and body weight. In fact, the ability to lower levels of total a pooled analysis of 25 intervention trials. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(9):821- 827. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2010.79 8. Del Gobbo LC, Falk MC, Feldman cholesterol and LDL cholesterol is probably one of their best R, Lewis K, Mozaffarian D. Effects of tree nuts on blood lipids, apolipoproteins, known properties, as has been demonstrated in various clinical and blood pressure: systematic review, meta-analysis, and dose-response of 61 controlled intervention trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2015;102(6):1347-1356. doi:10.3945/ trial analyses7,8. Other proposed possible mechanisms include ajcn.115.110965 9. Coates A, Hill A, Tan S. Nuts and Cardiovascular Disease the reduction in circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines Prevention. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2018;20(10):48. doi:10.1007/s11883-018- 0749-3 10. Bitok E, Sabaté J. Nuts and Cardiovascular Disease. Prog Cardiovasc (especially C-reactive protein), the modulation of nitric oxide Dis. 2018;61(1):33-37. doi:10.1016/J.PCAD.2018.05.003 11. Mayhew AJ, de levels, inducing an improvement in endothelial function, and Souza RJ, Meyre D, Anand SS, Mente A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of nut consumption and incident risk of CVD and all-cause mortality. Br J Nutr. reducing the oxidative stress9, 10. 2016;115(02):212-225. doi:10.1017/S0007114515004316

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New Scientific Studies

Becerra-Tomás, N., CONTEXT: Previous meta-analyses evaluating the association between nut consumption and Paz-Graniel, I., Kendall, C., the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) had substantial methodological limitations and lacked Kahleova, H., Rahelić, D., recently published large prospective studies; hence, making an updated meta-analysis highly Sievenpiper, J.L., desirable. OBJECTIVE: To update the clinical guidelines for nutrition therapy in relation to the Salas-Salvadó, J. (2019). European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), a systematic review and meta-analysis Nut consumption and of prospective studies was conducted using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, incidence of cardiovascular Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system to summarize the evidence of the association diseases and cardiovascular between total nuts, specific types of nuts, and the incidence of, and mortality from, CVD disease mortality: outcomes. DATA SOURCES: Relevant articles were identified by searching the PubMed and a meta-analysis of Cochrane databases. DATA EXTRACTION: Two independent researchers screened the articles prospective cohort studies. to identify those that met the inclusion criteria. DATA ANALYSIS: The inverse variance method with fixed-effect or random-effects models was used to pool data across studies (expressed Nutrition Reviews, pii: as risk ratio [RR] and 95% confidence interval [CI]). Heterogeneity was tested and quantified nuz042. using the Cochrane Q test and I2-statistic, respectively. The GRADE system was used to assess the quality of the evidence. RESULTS: Nineteen studies were included in the analyses. The results revealed an inverse association between total nut consumption (comparing highest vs lowest categories) and CVD incidence (RR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.800.91; I2, 0%), CVD mortality (RR, 0.77; 95%CI, 0.72-0.82; I2, 3%), coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence (RR, 0.82; 95%CI, 0.69-0.96; I2, 74%), CHD mortality (RR, 0.76; 95%CI, 0.67-0.86; I2, 46%), stroke mortality (RR, 0.83; 95%CI, 0.75-0.93; I2, 0%), and atrial fibrillation (RR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.73-0.99; I2, 0%). No association was observed with stroke incidence and heart failure. The certainty of the evidence ranged from moderate to very low. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis revealed a beneficial role of nut consumption in reducing the incidence of, and mortality from, different CVD outcomes.

Hollingworth, S., Dalton, M., Snack foods can be substantial contributors to daily energy intake, with different types of Blundell, J. E., & Finlayson, snacks exerting potentially different effects on satiety per calorie consumed. The present research compared the effect of consuming almonds as a mid-morning snack compared G. (2019). Evaluation of the Influence to an energy and weight-matched comparator snack (savoury crackers) or the equivalent of Raw Almonds on Appetite weight of water (zero energy control). In a crossover design, 42 female participants (age: Control: Satiation, Satiety, 26.0 ± 7.9, BMI: 22.0 ± 2.0) consumed a fixed breakfast then a mid-morning snack. Appetite, Hedonics and Consumer 24-h energy intake, food hedonics, and consumer perceptions of the snack foods were Perceptions. assessed under laboratory conditions. AUC analyses revealed a lower overall hunger drive after consuming almonds compared to crackers or water. There was no difference in 24-h Nutrients, 11(9), 2030. energy intake in the almond compared to the cracker or the zero-energy control condition, however participants consumed more energy in the cracker condition compared to the zero-energy control condition. In addition, almonds suppressed hedonic preference (implicit wanting) for consuming high-fat foods and demonstrated a higher satiety quotient (SQ) than crackers. Almonds were perceived to have a more favourable consumer profile aligned with successful weight management. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate that in the context of a 24-h period of objectively measured energy intake, raw almonds are effective for controlling appetite compared to an energy matched alternative snack. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov [NCT02480582].

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Liu X, Li Y, Guasch-Ferré BACKGROUND: Nut consumption has increased in the US but little evidence exists on the M, et al. association between changes in nut consumption and weight change. We aimed to evaluate Changes in nut the association between changes in total consumption of nuts and intakes of different nuts consumption influence (including peanuts) and long-term weight change, in three independent cohort studies. long-term weight change METHODS AND FINDINGS: Data collected in three prospective, longitudinal cohorts among in US men and women. health professionals in the US were analysed. We included 27 521 men (Health Professionals Follow-up Study, 1986 to 2010), 61 680 women (Nurses’ Health Study, 1986 to 2010), and BMJ Nutrition, 55 684 younger women (Nurses’ Health Study II, 1991 to 2011) who were free of chronic Prevention & Health disease at baseline in the analyses. We investigated the association between changes in 2019;bmjnph-2019-000034. nut consumption over 4-year intervals and concurrent weight change over 20–24 years of doi: 10.1136/ follow-up using multivariate linear models with an unstructured correlation matrix to account bmjnph-2019-000034. for within-individual repeated measures. 21 322 individuals attained a body mass index classification of obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) at the end of follow-up. Average weight gain across the three cohorts was 0.32 kg each year. Increases in nut consumption, per 0.5 servings/ day (14 g), was significantly associated with less weight gain per 4-year interval (p<0.01 for all): −0.19 kg (95% CI -0.21 to -0.17) for total consumption of nuts, -0.37 kg (95% CI -0.45 to -0.30) for walnuts, -0.36 kg (95% CI -0.40 to -0.31) for other tree nuts, and -0.15 kg (95% CI -0.19 to -0.11) for peanuts. Increasing intakes of nuts, walnuts, and other tree nuts by 0.5 servings/day was associated with a lower risk of obesity. The multivariable adjusted RR for total nuts, walnuts, and other tree nuts was 0.97 (95% CI 0.96 to 0.99, p=0.0036), 0.85 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.89, p=0.0002), and 0.89 (95% CI 0.87 to 0.91, p<0.0001), respectively. Increasing nut consumption was also associated with a lower risk of gaining ≥2 kg or ≥5 kg (RR 0.89–0.98, p<0.01 for all). In substitution analyses, substituting 0.5 servings/day of nuts for red meat, processed meat, French fries, desserts, or potato, chips (crisps) was associated with less weight gain (p<0.05 for all). Our cohorts were largely composed of Caucasian health professionals with relatively higher socioeconomic status; thus the results may not be generalisable to other populations. CONCLUSION: Increasing daily consumption of nuts is associated with less long-term weight gain and a lower risk of obesity in adults. Replacing 0.5 servings/day of less healthful foods with nuts may be a simple strategy to help prevent gradual long-term weight gain and obesity.

Rusu, M. E., Mocan, A., Aging is considered the major risk factor for most chronic disorders. Oxidative stress and Ferreira, I. C., & Popa, D. S. chronic inflammation are two major contributors for cellular senescence, downregulation of (2019). stress response pathways with a decrease of protective cellular activity and accumulation Health Benefits of of cellular damage, leading in time to age-related diseases. This review investigated the Nut Consumption in most recent clinical trials and cohort studies published in the last ten years, which presented Middle-Aged and Elderly the influence of tree nut and peanut antioxidant diets in preventing or delaying age- Population. related diseases in middle-aged and elderly subjects (≥55 years old). Tree nut and peanut ingestion has the possibility to influence blood lipid count, biochemical and anthropometric Antioxidants, 8(8), 302. parameters, endothelial function and inflammatory biomarkers, thereby positively affecting cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality, cancers, and cognitive disorders, mainly through the nuts' healthy lipid profile and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of actions. Clinical evidence and scientific findings demonstrate the importance of diets characterized by a high intake of nuts and emphasize their potential in preventing age-related diseases, validating the addition of tree nuts and peanuts in the diet of older adults. Therefore, increased consumption of bioactive antioxidant compounds from nuts clearly impacts many risk factors related to aging and can extend health span and lifespan.

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Lee-Bravatti, M.A., Wang, Evidence suggests that eating nuts may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). J., Avendano, E.E., King, L., We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) Johnson, E.J., Raman, G. evaluating almond consumption and risk factors for CVD. MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, (2019). Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, and previous systematic reviews were searched from Almond Consumption 1990 through June 2017 for RCTs of ≥3 wk duration that evaluated almond compared with and Risk Factors for no almond consumption in adults who were either healthy or at risk for CVD. The most Cardiovascular Disease: appropriate stratum was selected with an almond dose closer to 42.5 g, with a control most A Systematic Review and closely matched for macronutrient composition, energy intake, and similar intervention Meta-analysis of Randomized duration. The outcomes included risk factors for CVD. Random-effects model meta-analyses Controlled Trials. and subgroup meta-analyses were performed. Fifteen eligible trials analyzed a total of 534 subjects. Almond intervention significantly decreased total cholesterol (summary net change: Advances in nutrition, pii: -10.69 mg/dL; 95% CI: -16.75, -4.63 mg/dL), LDL cholesterol (summary net change: -5.83 mg/ nmz043. dL; 95% CI: -9.91, -1.75 mg/dL); body weight (summary net change: -1.39 kg; 95% CI: -2.49, -0.30 kg), HDL cholesterol (summary net change: -1.26 mg/dL; 95% CI: -2.47, -0.05 mg/dL), and apolipoprotein B (apoB) (summary net change: -6.67 mg/dL; 95% CI: -12.63, -0.72 mg/dL). Triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, apolipoprotein A1, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and lipoprotein (a) showed no difference between almond and control in the main and subgroup analyses. Fasting blood glucose, diastolic blood pressure, and body mass index significantly decreased with almond consumption of >42.5 g compared with ≤42.5 g. Almond consumption may reduce the risk of CVD by improving blood lipids and by decreasing body weight and apoB. Substantial heterogeneity in eligible studies regarding almond interventions and dosages precludes firmer conclusions.

Mossine, V. V., Mawhinney, Insufficient intake of total fruits and vegetables is linked to an increased cancer risk, but T. P., & Giovannucci, E. L. the relation is not understood for dried fruits. Dried fruits are generally perceived, by both (2019). consumers and researchers, as a less attractive but shelf-stable equivalent to fresh fruits and Dried Fruit Intake and constitute a small but significant proportion of modern diets. Chemical compositions of raw Cancer: A Systematic and dried fruits, however, may differ substantially. Several clinical and laboratory intervention Review of Observational studies have reported the protective effects of dehydrated fruits against the progression Studies. of some cancers and the modulating effects of dried fruits on common cancer risk factors. In this systematic review, we identified, summarized, and critically evaluated 9 prospective Advances in Nutrition. cohort and 7 case-control studies that examined the relations between traditional dried fruit (raisins, prunes, dates) consumption and cancer risk in humans. Prospective cohort studies determined that significant reductions in relative risk of precancerous colorectal polyps, incidence of prostate cancer, or mortality from pancreatic cancer, by, respectively, 24%, 49%, and 65%, were associated with 3-5 or more servings of dried fruits per week. Selected case- control studies revealed inverse associations between dried fruit intake and risk of cancer as well. The reported associations were comparable to or stronger than those observed for total or raw fruits. Although the small number and high heterogeneity impede meta-analysis of these studies, we conclude that currently available data provide some initial evidence that consumption of dried fruits may be associated with a lower cancer incidence or mortality in populations. The data suggest that higher intake of raisins and other dried fruits may be important in the prevention of cancers of the digestive system. Because only a limited number of health outcome and dried fruit intake relations have been evaluated in prospective studies to date, reanalyzing existing high-quality epidemiological data may expand the knowledge base.

44 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 45 44 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 45 A Chat with the Industry

JOACHIM MANN CHRISTIAN LIEBSCH Head of Marketing, Seeberger Head of Purchasing Department, Seeberger Sustainability is very important for us, it’s our self-understanding, our philosophy.

For generations Seeberger has been growing with one raw material: natural products. Today they are market leaders for a wide range of foods relating to dried fruits and nuts. Sustainability is a tradition at Seeberger. Consistency in core values and a passion for innovation result in high product quality and quality of life. Seeberger’s unique processing stages for roasting, mixing and packing turn the first-class raw ingredients into the finest connoisseur's products, which are exported to 65 countries worldwide.

46 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 47 A Chat with the Industry A Chat with the Industry

With over 175 years of history, how has Seeberger managed to maintain its reputation over such a long time? Joachim Mann: It’s a pretty long time in the business and I think that what has kept us going on is always being hooked to top- quality products. Although we work with natural products, consumers rely on our brand. Also, we always establish long- term relationships with worldwide suppliers, doing business in a sustainable manner and always respecting nature. Sustainability is now a common word but for us, it has always been in our DNA.

What challenges are you facing nowadays? Christian Liebsch: As a purchasing manager, the main challenge is definitely climate change. It means we have to accept less What are the main trends of the industry? rain on some territories and floods and storms on others. The CL: The emerging main trends for consumers are healthy and second challenge is trade policies and trade war. Currency and high-quality foods that come from sustainable sources but, exchange rates sometimes make business quite difficult, but at the same time, enjoyable foods. Consumers want to enjoy these are things that are not in our hands. what they eat. JM: We have this sugar discussion, I would say. People really … and the protection of the planet? care about what they eat. They want to reduce their sugar CL: Without a doubt. The challenge is to find people that have intake and look for a more natural product, although they still also understood that we have to take care of the planet with want to enjoy a sweet product, and in some countries we have agricultural practices. We have to prepare our world for the a demand for less salt. next generations and to avoid the main challenge which is the climate change continues to progress. How do you imagine Seeberger 5 years from now? JM: We hope to be still there and still committed to our core

Sustainability is one of your core values. Could you business offering a natural and premium-quality product. explain a little further? We will keep looking left and right, up and down to satisfy

CL: For us, sustainability is not only for the agricultural side of new consumer habits, still being a reliable partner and being the business, it’s for all of it. It’s part of our agreement with our sustainable from farm to snack. partners too. JM: Next January, nearly half of our assortment will be packed “ in a new material –21% thinner, with less plastic and 100% The emerging main recyclable. Also, we are reducing food waste by trying to be as precise as possible with the volume estimations. We have trends for consumers are already taken the first steps, but we will keep on moving to go healthy and high-quality for it. CL: Sustainability is very important for us, it’s our self- foods that come from understanding, our philosophy. We want to offer consumers sustainable sources but, at the quality and sustainable products and long-term cooperation with our suppliers with a fair partnership. “same time, enjoyable foods.

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The Place to Meet the Entire Nut and Dried Fruit Industry

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Dear INC friends,

The INC is very excited to be holding its next INC World Nut and Dried Fruit Congress in Dubai, UAE, from May 28-30, 2020. Around 1,300 participants from over 60 countries are expected to be at the sector’s not-to-be-missed event, which again will be the best venue for companies to network and gain insights into the industry’s latest developments, all while raising their business profile.

Hosted at luxurious and fascinating Madinat Jumeirah Resort, inspired by an ancient citadel, industry experts will examine the current state of the market, key trends and prospects. As usual, the Congress program will include a set of roundtables on each nut and dried fruit, scientific and nutrition seminars and keynote presentations, and will also offer attendees an exclusive program of social events to network with fellow peers.

Taking advantage of Dubai’s terrain, the Buffet Casual Dinner will be held in a Desert Camp. Participants will be able to enjoy a taste of Arabian culture enjoying a spectacular show with belly dancers and fire eaters after taking in a stunning desert sunset. For the most adventurous, why not arrive in a 4WD and enjoy the ride of a lifetime in a dune bashing experience across Dubai’s golden sands. And the next evening, attendees can put on their smartest attire and enjoy the Gala Dinner taking in the breathtaking view of the Burj Al Arab.

Dubai has a lot to offer our delegates and accompanying persons. Over the last decade, the city has emerged as a global hub for financial services, logistics, tourism, hospitality and trade, and is cementing its position as a world-leading destination.

Don’t miss out on all this fantastic experience and register for the INC Congress today, there’s nowhere else in the world will you find so many industry leaders together.

Looking forward to meeting you in Dubai.

Yours sincerely,

The Organizing Committee

Mr. Michael Waring Mr. Ashok Krishen Mr. Gaurav Grover Mrs. Goretti Guasch INC Chairman INC Congress Chairman INC Congress Vice Chairman INC Executive Director

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Dubai: Must Be Seen to Be Believed

Without doubt, Dubai is a city that must be seen to be believed.

Estimated population: 3,137,463 inhabitants Country: United Arab Emirates Weather: May is the start of the summer in Dubai and sees temperatures ranging from 23°C-36°C, with an average of 31°C. May is characterized by rising daily high temperatures, with temperatures increasing from 35°C to 38°C. On the other hand, daily low temperatures range from 24°C to 27°C and can occasionally fall below 21°C. Being a desert region, rainfall during May is very rare so it's a great time for being outdoors, though beware of the high humidity levels. Airports: Dubai International Airport is 4 km southeast of Dubai’s city center. Transportation from the airport can be done by taxi, by bus and by metro.

Dubai has the reputation of being a the United Arab Emirates, safeguarding visionary city and a first-mover that the area's prosperity. shapes its own destiny. The spirit of Over the years, the city has possibility and wise foresight of its emerged as a global hub for financial leaders have been key elements for services, logistics, tourism, hospitality its economic progress over the past and trade, and is steadily growing decades. And what once was a humble other sectors including healthcare, fishing village has now rapidly grown into technology and clean energy. The a premier leisure and business tourism city boasts a strong international destination, becoming in the blink of an reputation as dynamic, stable and safe eye one of the most cosmopolitan and destination, offering state-of-the-art innovative cities in the world today: an facilities, first-class infrastructure and a intersection of opportunities. range of headline-grabbing attractions Tracing its origins back to 3000 and experiences, many unmatched BC, Dubai's inhabitants made their by any other city in the world. As livelihood from fishing, pearl diving, Dubai matures in its role as a global boat building and sea trading, before knowledge hub, the city is cementing the discovery of oil in the late 1960s. In its position as a world-leading business 1971, Dubai joined its neighbors to form event destination.

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Madinat Jumeirah Resort, the ‘City’ Where Tradition Meets Modern Luxury

The INC Congress will be held at the Madinat Jumeirah Resort, the venue which will Emirates Airline with house all the program's sessions and some of the social events. Considered one of the INC Congress the most fascinating resorts in the world, Madinat Jumeirah treats every guest to Emirates Airline has proudly been an experience that marries tradition and modern luxury. Literally translated as ‘City selected as the partner airline for the of Jumeirah’, this complex is inspired by an ancient Arabian citadel complete with INC 2020 Congress. wind towers and water canals. Emirates extends a 10% off on The ‘City’ comprises five luxury hotels: Dar Al Masyaf –featuring 29 the prevailing lowest online fare on Business Class and on Economy Class summerhouses, Al Qasr, Mina A’Salam, Al Naseem and the modern Jumeirah Beach return fares (excluding Special Fares). Hotel, as well as a top-class Conference Center. No discount is applicable on First Madinat Jumeirah is a unique city of contrasts. Traditional wooden boats called Class. Outbound and inbound travel ‘abras’ meander through the Arabian resort across 3 km of waterways, a 2 km must be within the validity period, travel private stretch of unspoiled beach offers uninterrupted Arabian Gulf views, and validity: 22 May-5 June 2020. Use your Promotion Code EVE6NT9 over 50 world-class restaurants, bars and nightlife venues assure excitement for to get special fares at every palate. The leisure facilities are unrivalled, with 75 boutique shops at the souk www.emirates.com/ Madinat Jumeirah, the award-winning Talise Spa and Talise Fitness, Kids Club, as INCCongress2020 well as the adjacent Wild Wadi Waterpark™, among others.

Jumeirah Dar Al Masyaf: Jumeirah Al Qasr: The Jewel Jumeirah Mina A’Salam: Jumeirah Al Naseem: A A Peaceful Heaven Of Madinat Jumeirah A Warm Arabian Welcome New Wave Of Energy And Intimate and exquisite Al Qasr - Arabic for ‘The Palace’ Awaits You Excitement Arabian-Inspired - is the focal point of Madinat It is a luxuriously charming It is the latest addition to summerhouses set amongst Jumeirah. Designed in the style boutique style hotel meaning Madinat Jumeirah, offering a tranquil gardens, waterways, of a Sheikh’s summer residence. ‘Harbour of Peace’. The heart Dubai of Today experience. exclusive pools and the A journey through luxury of Madinat Jumeirah Resort, Expansive terraces invite the resort’s private beach. offering palatial guestrooms it’s the entry point from which outdoors in and lush gardens decorated in traditional Arabian numerous waterways and edge the sandy beach, providing style with stunning views to the walkways thread their way to all pockets of privacy and sea and the resort in opulent corners of Madinat Jumeirah. peacefulness. surrounding.

Souk Madinat Jumeirah Beach Hotel: Relaxed luxury that welcomes light With a striking wave-like design, Jumeirah’s first hotel, is one of Dubai’s most stunning and instantly recognisable structures that continues to be a favourite for generations.

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Preliminary Program From May 28-30, 2020, the INC Congress in Dubai will provide a unique environment for attendees to gain insights into the sector’s latest developments, network, exchange knowledge and share experiences. All sessions and some of the social events Early Bird will take place at the Madinat Jumeirah Resort. Rates Tuesday 26 Morning GOLF TOURNAMENT Until December 15, 2019 Sponsored by California Walnut Commission

Thursday 28 Friday 29 Saturday 30

ALL-DAY COFFEE ALL-DAY COFFEE ALL-DAY COFFEE Sponsored by AHT Sponsored by Besana Group Sponsored by Maestro Nut

EXHIBITION AREA

8:30 am - 8:45 am 8:30 am - 9:30 am 8:30 am - 9:15 am CONGRESS OPENING WALNUTS Round Table ANNUAL REPORT

8:45 am - 9:30 am 9:30 am - 10:45 am 9:15 am - 10:15 am KEYNOTE SPEAKER GENERATION Round Table HAZELNUTS Round Table

9:30 am - 10:30 am 10:45 am - 11:45 am 10:15 am - 11:00 am ALMONDS Round Table PISTACHIOS Round Table KEYNOTE SPEAKER

10:30 am - 11:15 am 11:45 am - 12:15 pm 11:00 am - 11:45 am SCIENTIFIC SEMINAR PEANUTS Round Table MACADAMIAS Round Table

11:15 am - 12:15 pm 12:15 pm - 1:00 pm 11:45 am - 12:45 pm DRIED APRICOTS, FIGS & DATES Round Table NUTRITION SEMINAR CASHEWS Round Table

1:00 pm - 2:00 pm 12:15 pm - 12:45 pm 12:45 pm - 1:15 pm DRIED CRANBERRIES, RAISINS, SULTANAS, PINE NUTS Round Table PECANS Round Table CURRANTS & PRUNES Round Table

12:45 pm - 1:15 pm BRAZIL NUTS Round Table

1:00 pm - 2:30 pm 1:00 pm - 2:30 pm 1:00 pm - 2:30 pm BUFFET WORKING LUNCH BUFFET WORKING LUNCH BUFFET WORKING LUNCH Sponsored by Commodity King Traders Sponsored by Setton Pistachio of Terra Bella Sponsored by Blue Diamond Growers

2:30 pm - 4:00 pm GLOBAL INTER-BOARD COOPERATION SUMMIT

MEETING AREA Sponsored by Jameel Int. Foodstuff Trading LLC

6:00 pm - 8:00 pm 3:30 pm - 5:30 pm 6:30 pm - 7:00 pm WELCOME COCKTAIL DUNE BASHING EXPERIENCE GALA COCKTAIL Jumeirah Mina A'Salam Hotel Dubai Desert 5:30 pm - 10:00 pm 7:00 pm - 11:00 pm BUFFET CASUAL DINNER GALA DINNER & BALL Dubai Desert Events Arena Sponsored by Wonderful Sponsored by Chilenut Pistachios & Almonds Want to Add an Extra Thrilling Adventure to your INC Congress?

For the most adventurous, you can arrive at the Casual Buffet Dinner in a 4WD vehicle and enjoy the ride of your life in a dune bashing experience across Dubai’s golden sands before taking in a stunning desert sunset. Don’t forget to register! Please note that this activity is considered as “extreme”. Delegates and Accompanying Persons that dislike thrilling sensations should not participate. All vehicles are driven by official drivers with experience in dune bashing. This activity is included in the INC Congress fee and please take note that optional alternatives to go to the Casual Buffet Dinner will also be avaliable.

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Sponsors

Promote your brand, increase your reputation and take advantage of an environment fully focused on the nuts and dried fruit industry. Take a sponsorship opportunity and ensure your brand is visible to 1,000+ world class industry leaders and professionals.

We thank our sponsors and exhibitors for their ongoing support. www.nutfruitcongress.org

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The INC Pavilion: The Epicenter of the Nut and Dried Fruit Industry Present Again at Anuga

21 companies joined the INC Pavilion at the German food and beverage trade show.

The INC Nut and Dried Fruit Pavilion common space with a more relaxed and Not One Cocktail Reception… was present again from October 5 to 9 casual atmosphere. But Two! at Anuga, the world’s largest trade fair Anuga is considered the world’s The not-to-be-missed Cocktail for food and beverages, held every two largest and most important trade fair Events at the INC Pavilion left no one years in Cologne (Germany). for food and beverages, attracting indifferent. For the first time ever, 21 co-exhibitors shared the Pavilion, around 165,000 visitors. The event not only one but two Cocktail events which was spread across 320 m2 in Hall started in Stuttgart in 1919 and a 100 were held. The first was celebrated on 10.2 Fine Foods, a premium location for years later, it now features more than October 6, sponsored by INC members those who wish to enhance their brand’s 7,000 exhibitors taking the opportunity Monnier and Partners and ATCO. reputation. to showcase their most innovative Valley Macadamia Sales sponsored the Throughout the event, all co- products and services, and make their following evening’s event. exhibitors benefited from countless brands visible to the food industry’s The informal gathering gave an networking opportunities, graphic global leaders. excellent platform for businesses in the design and printing, refreshments After five intensive days, the INC nut and dried fruit sector and brought and daily lunch, free Wi-Fi connection, Executive Director Goretti Guasch together dozens of industry leaders storage rooms, pre-show planning, expressed her satisfaction: “Today and many familiar faces, who were company listing in the official catalogue, we’re celebrating another successful able to share insights and knowledge assistance with shipping, travel and and productive INC Pavilion. Once and network in a relaxed business accommodation and multilingual again, it’s impressive to see how the environment. personnel, among other things. Once Pavilion has been, without a doubt, again, the hospitality area inside the the epicenter of the nut and dried fruit Pavilion was a core element, acting as a industry in Anuga.”

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Highlights from Anuga-Cologne 2019

Valley Macadamia Sales, Sponsors of the INC Cocktail, October 7

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INC Academia: Where Industry Leaders are Shaped

The Third Edition of the INC Academia, Executive Program on Nuts and Dried Fruits will start in February 2020. Enrollment is open at www.nutfruitacademia.org.

After two successful years, INC is continuing its bet on its completed the online course, INC Alumni can enroll in the on- education branch. The Third Edition of the Executive Program site course only. on Nuts and Dried Fruits will comprise online lessons with a The Executive Program on Nuts and Dried Fruits allows four-day intensive on-site course in Italy and Dubai on May students to learn the basics of the nut and dried fruit industry 24-27, 2020, right before the XXXIX World Nut and Dried Fruit at their own pace. The INC will provide a certificate of Congress in Dubai. completion to those who complete and pass the online course As former years, the Program combines online lessons (a score of 60% or more after one attempt) and a certificate of (including readings, tutorial videos and self-assessment tests, attendance to those who participate in the on-site course. approx. 50 hours) with an intensive onsite experience (10+ hours of preparatory tasks and reading material) with technical visits, case studies developed by professors form prestigious For students who enroll in the full course business schools, and networking opportunities. The course (online + on-site), the INC offers off is presented as a full package, although it is possible to 50% undertake the online part only. To attend the on-site course, the INC Congress registration fee. students must do the online course first. As they have already

Online Course The content of the online course has been designed and created by top experts from the world’s most prestigious institutions and companies. As every year, authors have been asked to update the content of the units. In addition, the program has been reorganized and there are now 2 units about the processing of nuts and dried fruits –units 5 and 6– and new videos have been added. The program consists of 11 units (50 hours), with PDF summaries and over 50 videos, covering all the main aspects involved in the nut and dried fruit sector. Topics include soil and climate, varieties and uses, nutrition facts, processing, food safety and quality standards, production and consumption trends, among others.

AUTHORS Mr. Rudolf Ernst Prof. Dr. Kandarp Mehta Prof. Jordi Salas-Salvadó August Töpfer & Co. IESE Business School Rovira i Virgili University Germany Spain Spain

Mr. José Roig Borrell Mr. Marco Azzaretti Mr. Carlos de Pablos Borrell® Key Technology Silliker Ibérica SAU Spain-USA USA Spain

Dr. ING. Malte Ahrens Mr. Wilfried Thobe Mr. David Woollard Former Process Engineer at Mondi Consumer Goods tna Solutions Pty Ltd Bühler Aeroglide Packaging Australia USA Austria Mr. Thomas Barber Dr. Cameon Ivarsson Mr. Steven Hiel Bühler Aeroglide Napasol Former Sales Manager at TOMRA USA Switzerland Sorting Solutions Belgium Prof. Dr. Uygun Aksoy Ms. Myla Tadulan-Santos Assoc. Prof. Cesarettin Alasalvar Consultant Nielsen TÜBITAK Marmara Research Turkey Australia Center Turkey Mr. Klaus Ihrig Mr. Stefano Massari Ms. Claudia Toussaint Detia Degesch Oltremare Waren-Verein der Hamburger Germany Italy Börse e.V. Germany

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Units 1. Origin and description: Introduction to the long history of 5.9. Frying and dry roasting nuts and dried fruits, their description and physiology. 5.10. Flavoring 2. Soil and climate: Which climates nuts and dried fruits are 6. Retail packing and allergen management: Essential adapted to, soils, water demand and how climate conditions knowledge of the packaging process and packaging materials, may affect the crops. including contaminant detection and allergen management. 3. Varieties and uses: An overview of the main varieties and 6.1. Multihead weighing and bag forming geographical distribution of species, as well as traditional and 6.2. Modified atmosphere packaging recent products and uses. 6.3. Vacuum packing 4. Nutrition facts: An overview of the main varieties and 6.4. Packaging geographical distribution of species, as well as traditional and 6.5. Contaminant detection and removal recent products and uses. 6.6. Allergen management 5. Harvesting & Processing: Main processing operations that 7. Food safety and quality standards: Review of the essential can take place during and after harvest, including shelling, aspects of food safety, quality standards and best practices. drying, sorting, pasteurization, frying, flavoring and storage. 8. Production, trade and consumption: Global review of 5.1 Harvest industry statistics, including production, trade and consumption 5.2. Shelling volumes. 5.3. Blanching 9. Consumption trends: Understanding purchase behavior and 5.4. Drying capturing opportunities from emerging trends. 5.5. Sorting technologies 10. Arbitration rules: Overview of arbitration rules, procedures 5.6. Pasteurization and tribunals, as well as defaults and contract related issues. 5.7. Fumigation with phosphine 11. Negotiation: Essential strategies and skills for successful 5.8. Storage negotiations.

On-Site Course The full course includes an on-site experience of 4 days (10+ hours of preparatory tasks & reading material) to go on technical visits, learn through case studies and network. The location changes every year. The next on-site course is planning to take place in Italy and Dubai on May 24-27, 2020, just before the XXXIX World Nut and Dried Fruit Congress. More details will come shortly.

PRELIMINARY PROGRAM Sunday, May 24 Monday, May 25 Tuesday, May 26 Wednesday, May 27 May 28, 30

Registration Bus transfer Bus transfer Site visits Bus transfer Visits to processing All-day case studies (lunch included) Visits to orchards plants (lunch included) Presentation of (lunch included) (lunch included) certificates and cocktail Bus transfer reception for alumni Welcome Bus transfer Thursday, May 28, cocktail & dinner 4:30-5:30 pm

This is a very preliminary program subject to changes. For organizational reasons, the content and the schedule of the on-site course may be modified. The INC shall have no liability of any kind regarding such changes. The case studies of the on-site course of the Executive Program on Nuts and Dried Fruits will be developed by professors from prestigious business schools.

STEPHEN MICHAEL RONELLE AISHWARYA MACKINLAY BLATTER LANG BHATIA FMCG Sales Executive, Head of Sales Nuts & Seeds, Junior Trader, Kenkko Chief Content Strategist, Stahmann Farms, Australia Bühler Group, UK Corporation, UK California Agri Nuts Corporation, India Overall the course I really enjoyed being The variety of gave in-depth insights into able to transfer the information We visited a lot of our industry and, importantly, theory from the online ranging from data orchards and a lot of practical knowledge and course into reality when and market-specific plants. I learned a lot networking capabilities. visiting the orchards on knowledge to general more of the industry that It has been an enjoyable, the on-site course. skill building was very I had before. educational experience with impressive. the added bonus of the new colleagues I met while undertaking the on-site course.

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Gulfood INC Pavilion: Three Years of Continued Success

After three consecutive years, the INC high-visibility and high visitor-traffic. Gulfood is the world’s largest annual will once again be present at Gulfood The 108-sqare-meter space can food and beverage trade exhibition, with the 4th edition of the Nut and Dried host up to 18 co-exhibitors who, as and last year’s event saw several major Fruit Pavilion in the Middle East, hosting always, will benefit from a complete alliance breakthroughs and multibillion- up to 18 co-exhibitors. package of services that includes dollar export deals. The 2019 edition From February 16 to 20, 2020, the graphic design and printing, multilingual of the show was the largest to date, Dubai World Trade Center will be the personnel, marketing and promotional attracting more than 100,000 visitors location for a new edition of Gulfood, materials, pre-show planning, free Wi- seeking business opportunities and the world’s largest annual food and Fi connection, assistance with travel, exploring the latest F&B products and hospitality event. After another shipping and accommodation, and innovation. In line with its commitment to successful experience in 2019, the INC promotion with a listing in the official delivering an unparalleled experience for Pavilion will be present again as the hub catalogue. As in previous editions, the exhibitors and visitors, this year’s show of the nut and dried fruit industry. hospitality space will play a primary will incorporate a range of new features The Pavilion will be located in Hall role as a networking area for co- under the theme ‘The World of Good. 2 –Pulses/Grain & Cereals– the same exhibitors, customers and visitors with The World of Food’. prime location as last year, ensuring refreshments and daily lunch.

SPECIAL OPPORTUNITY We thank our exhibitors for joining us in the biggest FOR EXHIBITORS and most exciting food exhibition in the world. Want to be part of the industry’s spotlight too? Booth spaces are still available at the INC Pavilion at Gulfood 2020! Companies interested in exhibiting as part of the organization’s Pavilion can apply online, email [email protected] or call +34 977 331 416. INC Pavilion co-exhibitors at Gulfood 2020 receive a 30% discount on advertising in the Nutfruit Magazine. Book your space at the Pavilion, grab the chance to secure targeted audiences within the sector and boost your brand.

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Nutfruit Power: The Revolution of Energetic Mornings!

video, featuring a couple facing a morning challenge and feeling powerful by eating nuts and dried fruits. At the same time, the INC is making a call to worldwide influencers and inviting them to take on a morning challenge, post it on their online channels and encourage their followers to do the same. Also, the INC has created 24 healthy breakfast recipes offering ideas on how everyone can add nuts and dried fruits to their morning routine. Since its launch, the video campaign has gained 500,000+ views and 14 international influencers have joined the Nutfruit Power is already booming to start your day with power. After the #NutfruitPowerChallenge encouraging with social media users creating huge impact of Nuts for a Healthier the social media community to share and uploading a total of 30 healthy World, the INC starts a brand-new their own recipe content. The result? A breakfast recipes using the campaign with the aim of leading total of 30 healthy breakfast ideas being #nutfruitpowerchallenge. people to add dried fruits and nuts to shared worldwide. Meanwhile, the INC’s their breakfast. additional 24 healthy breakfast recipes The new dissemination campaign is have already reached 1.9+ million views This September, the INC launched made up of various elements promoted on YouTube. Nutfruit Power, the new dissemination throughout 2019 and will continue So, ready for today? Now is the plan that promotes the consumption through 2020. This year, the INC has time to choose your challenge and go of nuts and dried fruits in the morning already launched the campaign’s main nuts!

Behind the Scenes: The Making of the NutfruitPower Video

Want to know the secrets behind the video of the Nutfruit Power Campaign? Was the actor really doing a handstand walk? Was the girl really recording him with her phone? The 1-minute video campaign was filmed in an old- modern flat in Barcelona, Spain. It took a crew of 15, using professional recording equipment, 2 experienced actors and 12 intensive hours to achieve the end result. Obviously, many shots were needed to record the walking handstand scene as the actor got tired quickly. So yes, he really did it! The most laborious scene to record was, without a doubt, the moment in which the actor sprinkles all the nuts and dried fruits onto the yogurt, the final scene. Two members of the crew were holding his legs up. Finally, a food stylist was in charge to set up the yogurt bowl with great care and to place each nut and dried fruit in the best possible way. So you see, the making of the video campaign was a #nutfruitpowerchallenge in itself!

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Nutfruit Power within the Social Media Community Since the launch of the INC Dissemination Plan, the #NutfruitPowerChallenge is encouraging the social media community to share their own recipe content. Want some ideas for your own challenge? Take a look at what these influencers have done!

Name: Nicole Osinga Name: Carlos Rios Name: Merve Veziroğlu @nicoleosinga_rd @carlosriosq @merveveziroglu Followers: 67.5K Followers: 1.2M Followers: 15.8K #nutfruitpowerchallenge: #nutfruitpowerchallenge: #nutfruitpowerchallenge: Nicole created a healthy breakfast recipe adding Carlos Rios created a colorful breakfast video Created a healthy breakfast video recipe using a almonds and dried cranberries to her oatmeal. recipe: a smoothie bowl with cashews as the handful of nuts and dried fruits. protagonists.

Name: Anastasia Name: Hazel Wallace Name: Paula Norris @in_anastasias_kitchen @thefoodmedic @movingdietitian Followers: 13.1K Followers: 399K Followers: 114K #nutfruitpowerchallenge: #nutfruitpowerchallenge: #nutfruitpowerchallenge: The influencer created two healthy breakfast The Food Medic created a quick breakfast video Walnuts were the protagonists of Paula’s breakfast recipes. The first creation was Nut and Dried Fruit recipe titled Speedy Fruit and Nut Granola. recipe. Balls using almonds, cashew nuts, and dates. The Almonds, hazelnuts, pecans and raisins were the second one, Toast with Peanut Butter and Bananas, nuts and dried fruits used. with almonds as a main ingredient.

Name: Real Fooding Name: Afinka Name: Miguel Camarena @realfooding @afinkadiy @miguelcamarenasalud Followers: 938K Followers: 1.1M Followers: 160K #nutfruitpowerchallenge: #nutfruitpowerchallenge: #nutfruitpowerchallenge: The influencer created a healthy breakfast recipe The influencer posted a video of her facing different The influencer Miguel created a vegan chocolate using oatmeal, pecans and hazelnuts. situations and challenges she eventually overcomes spread with hazelnuts, a healthy breakfast recipe once she eats nuts and dried fruits. option for chocolate lovers.

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INC Executive Committee Meeting

The INC Executive Committee met in Brussels, Belgium, on October 8, 2019, to review the Foundation’s financial status and ongoing projects, including the projects of marketing and communication, activities concerning scientific and legal aspects, and the statistics and megatrends on the industry. In addition, the Committee reviewed the grant requests for the Open-Access publication of scientific studies, proposals for the 2020 Award for Excellence in Research, and INC participation in international congresses of nutrition and health professionals. Besides, the Committee discussed the preparations for Dubai, May 28-30, 2020, and candidate cities for future Congresses.

INC in Brussels China International Tree In September and October, the INC Executive Committee Nuts Conference visited Brussels for a series of meetings with the European Commission, namely the Directorate General for Trade (DG TRADE), Directorate General for Health and Food Safety (DG SANTE) and Directorate General for Agriculture and Rural Development (DG AGRI). The meetings served the double purpose of presenting INC core activities and updating the European Commission on nut and dried fruit production and trade issues. The focus of the meetings was to present an overview of industry statistics, with key facts and figures about the nut and dried fruit industry in the European Union. These meetings provided valuable opportunities to discuss areas of particular concern to the industry, specifically in a context of trade tensions among the world’s largest economies. Family photo of the participation of the INC in the 2019 China International Tree Nuts Conference.

The INC participated in the 2019 China International Tree Nuts Conference, from August 5 - 7, in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China. This event, organized by the China Chamber of Commerce (CFNA), is an annual meeting of over 500 participants from the Chinese nut industry and abroad, representing all tree nuts and some dried fruits. The INC was represented by Mr. Michael Waring, INC Chairman; Mr. Ashok Krishen, First Vice Chairman and Chairman of the Global Cashew Council; Mr. Pino Calcagni, Second Vice Chairman and Chairman of the Scientific and Government Affairs Committee and the Statistics Committee; and Mrs. Goretti Guasch, INC Executive Director. The International Convention and Exhibition Center of Zhengzhou hosted seminars and panels on production, trade and consumption of almonds, cashews, hazelnuts, macadamias, pecans, pistachios, walnuts and dried fruits –namely cranberries and raisins. Delegates from over 25 countries networked, learnt and shared their views on the global market and the tariff situation. INC Chairman, Mr. Michael Waring took part in the opening ceremony and presented an overview of the activities of the INC, followed by Mr. Pino Calcagni, who presented a global statistical review of the tree nut industry, highlighting production, trade and consumption, with special focus on Members of the INC Executive Committee in Brussels. China, and the state of affairs regarding tariffs.

64 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 65 INC News INC News

Nuts and Dried Fruits at INC Symposium at the the Asian Congress of European Nutrition Nutrition Conference

The Asian Congress of Nutrition is held every four years to promote nutrition and food innovation, and to encourage scientific interchange among food, nutrition and health professionals in Asia and worldwide. The event attracts more than 4,000 participants. The 13th edition was held in Bali, Indonesia, on August 4-7, and the INC co-sponsored, along with the California Prune Board, the symposium “Nut and Dried Fruit Consumption and the Prevention of Prevalent Diseases/Conditions”, with international leading nutrition experts Dr. Emilio Ros from University of Barcelona (Spain); Prof. Anoop Misra, Director of the Diabetes Foundation, Fortis Centre of Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases & Endocrinology (India); Prof. The INC sponsored the symposium “Nuts & Health: New Linda Tapsell from the University of Wollongong (Australia); and Insights into Diabetes, Obesity and Gut Microbiota” at the 13th Dr. Shirin Hooshmand from San Diego State University (USA). European Nutrition Conference, in Dublin, Ireland, October Chaired by Dr. Ros, the symposium covered an array of 15-18, 2019. This conference, organized by the Federation topics, including the latest findings in nut consumption and of European Nutrition Societies (FENS), brings together over diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and brain function, and 2,500 delegates, not only from the 26 affiliated European also prune consumption and bone health. Dr. Ros spoke on countries, but also from over 50 other countries represented, the relation between nut consumption and brain function; as well as related partner groups and societies at European and Prof. Anoop Misra gave an overview of the efficacy of nuts international level. for the prevention and management of diabetes; Prof. Linda The symposium, moderated by Prof. Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Tapsell gave an update on the effects of nut consumption on Chairman of the INC World Forum for Nutrition Research and cardiovascular disease; and Dr. Shirin Hooshmand talked about Dissemination, included leading researchers in the field of the effect of prunes on bone status and bone biomarkers. nutrition Dr. Richard Mattes from Purdue University (USA), Dr. Joan Sabaté from Loma Linda University (USA) and Dr. Crystal Haskell-Ramsay from Northumbria University (UK). Prof. Salas-Salvadó presented an overview of the latest research on nut consumption, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes; Dr. Mattes shared new insights into nut intake and appetite; Dr. Sabaté focused on the latest epidemiologic studies and clinical trials in the field of nut consumption and obesity; and Dr. Haskell-Ramsay talked about the effects of nut consumption on gut microbiota.

We were very sad to hear of the passing of Asadollah Asgaroladi, a long-standing member of the Asadollah INC and one of the leading exporters of pistachios of Iran. Asgaroladi, Mr. Asgaroladi was the President of Hassas Export Co. Ltd. in Tehran, Iran, a leading international supplier of dried fruits, nuts and spices since 1953. In Memoriam He was a member of the INC since 1994. He was INC Ambassador for Iran since 2002 and member of the Board of Trustees since 2007. His first World Nut and Dried Fruit Congress was in 1987 in Montreux, Switzerland. Since then, he attended up to 18 Congresses and actively participated in the round tables on pistachios. He was a long-time collaborator with the INC statistics and member of the Statistics Committee since its creation in 2015. Among others, he was also an active participant in the Green Corridor Project. This was an initiative set up in 2004 by the INC Scientific and Government Affairs Committee and the Kerman Chamber of Commerce to establish Good Agricultural Practices and Good Manufacturing Practices throughout the production chain of pistachios and to reduce the rejection rate of pistachio consignments at EU borders. These objectives were essential in insuring the commercial viability of pistachio trade between Iran and major importing countries. Our most sincere condolences to his family and friends.

64 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 65 66 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 67 Statistical Review Global Statistical Review Crop Forecast Update

November 2019

Statistics are also available at our website www.nutfruit.org

Map shows 5 top producing countries. Other major producers listed below. Main Producing Countries

Almonds Brazil Nuts Cashews Hazelnuts Macadamias Pecans Pine Nuts Pistachios

USA Chile Bolivia India Nigeria Turkey China South Africa China USA China Turkey USA Italy Australia Morocco Peru Cote d’Ivoire Indonesia Italy Iran Australia Colombia Mexico DPR Korea Portugal Iran Australia Spain Italy Brazil Vietnam Cambodia USA Chile Kenya New Zealand South Africa Pakistan Italy Turkey Spain Iran Syria GuineaBissau Georgia USA Vietnam Australia Afghanistan Syria Turkey Brazil Azerbaijan Guatemala Brazil Mongolia Afghanistan Tunisia Tanzania Spain Malawi China Russia China Greece Benin France Brazil Spain Greece

Raisins Dried Dried Walnuts Peanuts Dates Cranberries Dried Figs Prunes Sultanas Apricots Currants China India China Vietnam Saudi Arabia Sudan Turkey USA Turkey USA South Africa USA Greece USA Romania India Ghana Egypt Oman Iran Canada Egypt Chile Turkey Australia Iran Argentina USA Brazil Iran Tunisia China Chile Iran France Iran Argentina Turkey Hungary Nigeria Nicaragua UAE Morocco USA USA Argentina China South Africa Ukraine Italy Indonesia Cote d’Ivore Pakistan Libya South Africa Greece Serbia India Chile Georgia Argentina Algeria Israel Australia Spain Australia Chile France Australia Senegal Iraq USA Italy Italy Uzbekistan Moldava Listed by global production as per FAO but not necessarily meaning quantities going through commercial channels.

66 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 67 Statistical Review

Almonds 杏仁 / Almendra / Amande / Mandorle / Mandel / Badem

USA. The Almond Board of California Position Report packs and breakfast cereals. Almond-based beverages published on September 10, 2019 showed 2019/2020 receipts continue to grow in popularity. of 200,350,806 lbs (90,878 metric tons) through August 31, Exports to China expanded quickly during 2018/19. The 2019. With less than 10% of the forecasted crop received, interest of the Chinese nut trade in Australian origin was it was too early to draw any real conclusions regarding crop gradually increasing as a result of the Free Trade Agreement quality. However, USDA receipts through August revealed with the phased elimination of the tariff reaching zero as of an average reject percentage of 1.52% which was lower than January 1, 2019. Since the US/China trade dispute, annual 2018/19. exports to China have accelerated from 500 MT to nearly With a carry-in of 318.3 million lbs, a 2.2-billion-pound 12,000 MT in 2018/19. crop estimate, and strong commitments for 2019/20 signs A benefit of the larger 2019 crop is that the additional would seem to point to a supply-constrained market and demand from China can be met while adequately servicing commensurate shipments. Weather trends ranged from established markets. The export volume for the first four normal to slightly mild for much of the Central Valley and months of the marketing year has risen 53.80% from 19,960 harvest was progressing at a typical rate. As harvest continues to 30,699 MT. it will become clearer whether the forecasted 17.8% decrease in average nut set from 2018 is realized. Spain. As per industry sources, 2019/20 Spanish harvest Shipments for the holiday seasons in several countries started in early September and the crop is expected to remain are anticipated to remain strong, given building consumer at over 78,000 MT. demand across most markets. While elevated tariffs in certain According to data collected by the Spanish Almond export markets have negatively impacted shipments, these Board-ALMENDRAVE, at the beginning of October, almond have been offset by new product launches in multiple markets receipts were increased compared to the previous season, and increasing interest in almonds as part of a healthy diet. with slightly higher yields. All indications are that quality will be very good. The decrease in organic almonds, due to late frosts Australia. The Australian 2019 almond crop estimate has that affected mainly interior areas, has been compensated by increased 3,000 MT to 103,700 MT following the completion of the increase in production areas. Regarding prices, Spanish processing that provided a better crackout than anticipated. almond has reached higher figures than those of the beginning The 31% increase in production compared to 2018, resulted of the previous season. from the potential crop being realized with little loss to frost Spain is already the first European almond processor and and pests and yield gains from improved agronomic practices. is expected to keep growing as the new plantations enter The growth in the Australian domestic market has into production. The main destinations for Spanish almond continued during 2019 with a 15% increase in sales. shipments remain European and, within the European Union, Approximately half of the Australian almonds consumed Germany is the top importer. Likewise, organic productions domestically are in manufactured products where almonds are consolidated and being increasingly introduced into these remain popular for inclusion in recipes for protein bars, snack select markets.

Estimated World Almond Production. Kernel Basis · Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Crop Total Supply Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Stock Stock USA* (MM lbs) 359 2,223 2,582 318 318 2,156 2,474 349 USA* (MT) 162,840 1,008,336 1,171,175 144,242 144,242 977,945 1,122,188 158,304 AUSTRALIA 1,000 78,901 79,901 2,000 2,000 103,700 105,700 3,000 SPAIN 2,500 61,160 63,660 1,800 1,800 78,089 79,889 1,000 TURKEY 0 17,000 17,000 0 0 20,000 20,000 0 ITALY 0 10,000 10,000 0 0 18,000 18,000 0 IRAN 2,000 15,000 17,000 0 0 15,000 15,000 0 MOROCCO 0 14,000 14,000 0 0 13,000 13,000 0 TUNISIA 0 16,000 16,000 0 0 12,000 12,000 0 CHILE 238 10,894 11,132 615 615 9,596 10,211 n/a GREECE 0 9,000 9,000 0 0 9,000 9,000 0 OTHERS 0 30,000 30,000 0 0 30,000 30,000 0 WORLD TOTAL 168,578 1,270,291 1,438,869 148,657 148,657 1,286,330 1,434,987 162,304 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 1,290,211 1,272,684 Sources: Almond Board of California, USDA NASS, Almond Board of Australia, AEOFRUSE, Aegean Exporters' Association and other INC sources. *USA crop reflects the estimated 2% Loss and Exempt (L&E) for the crop year.

68 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 69 Amazonia (Brazil) Nuts 巴西果 / Coquito de Brasil / Noix de Bresil / Noce de Brasile / Paranuss / Brezilya Fingigi

Brazil nuts are having a challenging period, the market has felt At the time of writing this report, the Amazon fires had the full effect of the explosion in price due to this season short affected almost 3 million hectares of land including Amazon crop and strong demand from South Korea in 2017. Now with forests, pre cleared parcels of land and already existing cattle South Korea at normalized levels of demand and only buying plains and crops. The fires majorly affected the Santa Cruz from Peru, the lack of demand has been felt most strongly by Department in Bolivia, in the Chiquitania area, southeast of the Bolivia which remains by far the largest exporter. main concentration of Brazil nut trees, namely the departments The start of the 2019 crop saw rising prices as the harvest Beni and Pando in northern Bolivia. seemed to be down on previous years normal levels. While this Although there were also some fire spots in Madidi Park, was the case and the crop was still reporting a reduction at the north of La Paz and west of Riberalta and the fires were beginning of October, demand had also fallen. progressing, they were still far away from the Brazil nut The 2019 harvest was complete as of September and collection regions. The major collection areas and the roads had factories who collected less started to close one to two months not been affected. Peru supply chain also seemed to be intact. earlier than normal. Now the focus will be selling final balances While for the time being the Brazil nut trees are safe, it is to refinance for the 2020 harvest which will start in November/ not clear if the fire will have an effect on pollination of future December and will ship in March/April 2020. harvests. The 2020 harvest has been pollinated and pods are on Although shippers have enough stock of current crop to the trees. However, whether the 2021 harvest, whose flowers last through 2020 first half, demand of raw material is expected are on trees now, will be affected is still not known. to rise as early as November/December in anticipation to new arrivals. In fact, buyers started to return to the market in mid- September, especially for 2020 positions.

Estimated World Amazonia (Brazil) Nut Production. In-shell Basis · Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Crop Total Supply Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Stock Stock BOLIVIA 0 81,000 81,000 7,500 7,500 66,000 73,500 6,600 PERU 0 18,750 18,750 2,250 2,250 13,500 15,750 1,500 BRAZIL 0 15,750 15,750 750 750 6,600 7,350 600 WORLD TOTAL 0 115,500 115,500 10,500 10,500 86,100 96,600 8,700 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 105,000 87,900

Estimated World Amazonia (Brazil) Nut Production. Kernel Basis · Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Crop Total Supply Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Stock Stock BOLIVIA 0 27,000 27,000 2,500 2,500 22,000 24,500 2,200 PERU 0 6,250 6,250 750 750 4,500 5,250 500 BRAZIL 0 5,250 5,250 250 250 2,200 2,450 200 WORLD TOTAL 0 38,500 38,500 3,500 3,500 28,700 32,200 2,900 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 35,000 29,300

Source: INC.

68 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 69 Statistical Review

Cashews 腰果 / Anacardo / Noix de caju / Anacardio / Cashwkerne / Cashew cevizi

Northern hemisphere crops ended with volumes in line with warehouses by the time the new crop arrives. It is anticipated overall expectations, although quality was a challenge: slow that the government will succeed to get most of the old crop movement of stocks from farmers to collectors due to slow evacuated and start the next campaign without much issues. start of the season added to quality concerns. Brazil is expecting a better harvest than last year, owing to At the time of writing this report, Vietnam was exporting the adequate rains. The 2018/19 harvest was bigger than in more compared to the same period of last year but facing the five prior years of drought, and exports at 340,000 cartons a bit shortage of raw seeds as raw seed prices were very for the first half of 2019 were above prior years despite lower high and 2018 crop exports from Tanzania were still very imports from West Africa. Exports are still only a third of slow. Consequently, the kernel market was firming up in the what they were ten years ago, but this is due not only to poor expectations that the market would contract by the end of 2019 harvests but also to the great expansion of the local market, Q4 and into 2020 Q1. both from the main factories and from small local shellers. As for Southern hemisphere crops, at the beginning of Cashews have ceased being an elite product, and are now found September, Tanzania claimed to have sold their last year crop on all supermarket and convenience store shelves. and was waiting for it to be evacuated (some small portion of Demand is good across most regions, with China being the 2018 crop was processed locally). The next crop is expected the best at over 50% of 2018. EU has also reported good to be a very good harvest as well. So, there would be pressure consumption. Indian demand started picking up owing to the on participants in the supply chain in Tanzania to find ways festival season and US demand is expected to gain momentum to dispose the next crop if the old crop was still stocked in for the remainder of 2019.

Estimated World Cashew Production. Raw Cashew Nut (RCN). Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020* Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Crop Total Supply Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Stock Stock INDIA 0 817,000 817,000 45,000 45,000 750,000 795,000 n/a COTE D'IVOIRE** 20,000 700,000 720,000 35,000 35,000 620,000 655,000 n/a VIETNAM 40,000 350,000 390,000 30,000 30,000 310,000 340,000 n/a TANZANIA 30,000 275,000 305,000 250,000 250,000 300,000 550,000 n/a GHANA** n/a 80,000 80,000 n/a n/a 276,000 276,000 n/a NIGERIA n/a 200,000 200,000 5,000 5,000 200,000 205,000 n/a GUINEA-BISSAU n/a 225,000 225,000 n/a n/a 200,000 200,000 n/a BRAZIL n/a 150,000 150,000 n/a n/a 170,000 170,000 n/a BENIN n/a 150,000 150,000 5,000 5,000 150,000 155,000 n/a CAMBODIA n/a 110,000 110,000 n/a n/a 130,000 130,000 n/a BURKINA FASO** n/a 85,000 85,000 n/a n/a 130,000 130,000 n/a INDONESIA n/a 85,000 85,000 n/a n/a 100,000 100,000 n/a MOZAMBIQUE n/a 86,000 86,000 n/a n/a 90,000 90,000 n/a SENEGAL n/a 55,000 55,000 n/a n/a 60,000 60,000 n/a GAMBIA n/a 15,000 15,000 n/a n/a 20,000 20,000 n/a KENYA n/a 10,000 10,000 n/a n/a 11,000 11,000 n/a OTHERS n/a 125,000 125,000 n/a n/a 130,000 130,000 n/a WORLD TOTAL 90,000 3,518,000 3,608,000 370,000 370,000 3,647,000 4,017,000 n/a

Sources: Global Cashew Council and INC. *Harvest from January'19 through June'19 (Northern hemisphere), from September'19 through February'20 (Southern hemisphere). **Some of Côte d'Ivoire's crop was moved to Ghana and Burkina Faso. NOTES: Around 250,000 MT of RCN (equivalent to around 50,000 MT of kernels) were still stored in Tanzania by September 2019. Ending Stock includes both domestic and imported RCN.

70 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 71 Hazelnuts 榛子 / Avellana / Noisette / Nocciola / Haselnuss / Findik

Turkey. As expected, a strong harvest has been realized Italy. The irregular temperatures during the early season throughout the growing regions. Yield and quality parameters caused the 2019/20 crop to be almost 2 weeks late and shorter are satisfactory, however strong rains in the Eastern Black sea than initially anticipated. Thus, this season hazelnut production challenged the drying process and logistical efficiency. is expected to amount to around 75,000 MT, 25% down from The Turkish Grain Board (TMO) announcement of 16.5 TL/ the early forecast of 100,000 MT. The crop was shorter specially kg (2.95 USD/kg) in-shell base price before harvest season in the Piedmont, Viterbo and Campagna regions and the most managed farmer expectations and market followed the price affected varieties were Long Naples and Giffoni. with minor differences. Due to the previous shorter crop, exports figures were accelerated and reached historical heights USA. As reported by the USDA NASS on August 20, the 2019 for September. Overall consensus is that the export volume will hazelnut production in Oregon was forecasted at 49,000 short surpass 300,000 metric tons (kernel) levels. TMO is expected tons (around 44,500 metric tons), which represents only a 4% to collect more than 100,000 MT (in-shell), where the agency decrease from the prior year record of 51,000 ST (46,300 MT). will be able to offer a portion of the covering within the same Average dry weight per nut (estimated at 3.3 grams) was higher season. TMO offering prices and 2020 season expectations will than the record low weight of 2018 and nut size was the largest be decisive on the final export figure in the upcoming months. since 2005 (estimated at 5.89 g).

Estimated World Hazelnut Production. In-shell Basis · Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Crop Total Supply Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Stock Stock TURKEY 170,000 575,000 745,000 45,000 45,000 790,000 835,000 90,000 ITALY 7,500 125,000 132,500 10,000 10,000 75,000 85,000 5,000 USA 500 46,300 46,800 3,000 3,000 44,452 47,452 500 AZERBAIJAN 7,500 68,000 75,500 5,000 5,000 42,000 47,000 4,000 CHILE 0 26,000 26,000 2,000 2,000 30,000 32,000 1,000 GEORGIA 5,000 50,000 55,000 3,000 3,000 38,000 41,000 5,000 IRAN 0 25,000 25,000 100 100 25,000 25,100 200 SPAIN 1,000 16,000 17,000 1,000 1,000 18,000 19,000 1,000 CHINA 0 9,000 9,000 100 100 12,000 12,100 300 FRANCE 0 7,300 7,300 0 0 10,500 10,500 500 OTHERS 0 26,000 26,000 0 0 27,000 27,000 0 WORLD TOTAL 191,500 973,600 1,165,100 69,200 69,200 1,111,952 1,181,152 107,500 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 1,095,900 1,073,652

Estimated World Hazelnut Production. Kernel Basis · Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Crop Total Supply Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Stock Stock TURKEY 85,000 287,500 372,500 22,500 22,500 395,000 417,500 45,000 ITALY 3,525 61,100 64,625 4,900 4,900 35,250 40,150 2,350 USA 212 18,520 18,732 1,200 1,200 17,781 18,981 200 AZERBAIJAN 2,885 27,880 30,765 2,050 2,050 16,800 18,850 1,600 CHILE 0 11,440 11,440 880 880 13,393 14,273 446 GEORGIA 1,094 18,250 19,344 1,110 1,110 13,200 14,310 1,750 IRAN 0 11,500 11,500 46 46 11,500 11,546 92 SPAIN 447 7,158 7,605 447 447 8,500 8,947 470 CHINA 0 4,050 4,050 45 45 4,500 4,545 140 FRANCE 0 3,285 3,285 0 0 4,200 4,200 225 OTHERS 0 9,360 9,360 0 0 10,000 10,000 0 WORLD TOTAL 93,163 460,043 553,206 33,178 33,178 530,124 563,302 52,273 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 520,028 511,028

Source: INC

70 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 71 Statistical Review

Macadamias 夏威夷果 / Macadamia / Macadamianuss / Makedemia / Cevizi

South Africa. As reported by Macadamias South Africa, harvest producing a smaller sized nut. The lower crop will also based on recent data received from registered handlers, the impact kernel available to the market and inventory levels are 2019 season is looking promising with a forecast of 58,500 expected to be low at the end of the season. metric tons NIS, up by around 2,000 MT if compared with Demand for macadamias remains strong, with keen interest 2018. However, many factors may still influence the 2019 generated by the implementation of the Innovation Initiative –the season's final production figure. Australian industry’s international marketing strategy. There is The very dry and warm start to the season in both continued expansion in plantings in Australia that will see solid Nelspruit (Mpumalanga) and the Coast (Kwa-Zulu Natal) has growth in production in coming years. been a concern to growers as dryland orchards were showing some water stress. The coastal areas received some rain Kenya. Although 2019 was a lower crop, the 2020 season is during the first week of September, but it was minimal. Winter promising. The Nut Processors Association of Kenya preliminary temperatures were also warmer than average across the main forecast, based on data collection from farmers and processors, production areas. is 45,500 metric tons NIS (10% NIS moisture content) / 42,435 (3.5% NIS mc). It is expected that many new trees will come into Australia. According to the Australian Macadamia Society, production, which will boost total production and offset poorer the 2019 crop is forecasted lower than original expectations of yields from mature trees. By early September, the trees were 49,900 MT (3.5% NIS moisture content), due to an unusually blooming and flowering had commenced, the nut set will depend long, hot and dry summer, which resulted in the current season’s on the rains right timing.

Estimated World Macadamia Production. In-shell Basis · Metric Tons 2018 2019 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Crop Total Supply Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Stock Stock SOUTH AFRICA n/r 56,550 56,550 n/r n/r 58,500 58,500 n/r AUSTRALIA n/r 49,300 49,300 n/r n/r 42,900 42,900 n/r KENYA n/r 35,900 35,900 n/r n/r 33,950 33,950 n/r CHINA n/r 21,400 21,400 n/r n/r 31,500 31,500 n/r USA n/r 16,957 16,957 n/r n/r 18,000 18,000 n/r GUATEMALA n/r 11,500 11,500 n/r n/r 13,500 13,500 n/r MALAWI n/r 7,125 7,125 n/r n/r 8,370 8,370 n/r BRAZIL n/r 6,200 6,200 n/r n/r 7,200 7,200 n/r VIETNAM n/r 1,200 1,200 n/r n/r 1,450 1,450 n/r COLOMBIA n/r 1,350 1,350 n/r n/r 1,300 1,300 n/r OTHERS n/r 13,600 13,600 n/r n/r 15,350 15,350 n/r WORLD TOTAL n/r 221,082 221,082 n/r n/r 232,020 232,020 n/r WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 221,082 232,020

Estimated World Macadamia Production. Kernel Basis · Metric Tons 2018 2019 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Crop Total Supply Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Stock Stock SOUTH AFRICA n/r 16,965 16,965 n/r n/r 17,550 17,550 n/r AUSTRALIA n/r 14,800 14,800 n/r n/r 13,300 13,300 n/r KENYA n/r 7,230 7,230 n/r n/r 6,790 6,790 n/r CHINA n/r 6,000 6,000 n/r n/r 6,615 6,615 n/r USA n/r 4,239 4,239 n/r n/r 4,000 4,000 n/r GUATEMALA n/r 2,150 2,150 n/r n/r 2,900 2,900 n/r MALAWI n/r 1,653 1,653 n/r n/r 2,215 2,215 n/r BRAZIL n/r 1,550 1,550 n/r n/r 1,800 1,800 n/r VIETNAM n/r 360 360 n/r n/r 435 435 n/r COLOMBIA n/r 338 338 n/r n/r 270 270 n/r OTHERS n/r 3,536 3,536 n/r n/r 3,991 3,991 n/r WORLD TOTAL n/r 58,821 58,821 n/r n/r 59,866 59,866 n/r WORLD CONSUMPTION (T, Supply - End, Stock) 58,821 59,866

Sources: Macadamia Council, Macadamias South Africa, Australian Macadamia Society, Nut Processors Association of Kenya, China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Foodstuffs, Brazilian Macadamia Association, Vietnam Macadamia Association and other INC sources. n/r: not reported or not relevant.

72 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 73 Pecans / Pacana / Noix de pécan / Noce pecan / Pecanuss / Pekan cevizi

North America. The 2019/2020 crop in Mexico is Japan and South Korea (2% each). The in-shell market forecasted at around 125,000 metric tons (in-shell basis), accounted for 26.5 MM lbs (12,000 MT), Mexico imported 13.7 off about 20-25% from last years’ large crop. The crop is MM lbs (6,200 MT) of in-shell pecans during this period, from expected to be normal size in the Western state of Sonora which 8.9 MM lbs (4,000 MT) were shelled therein and returned but it is anticipated to be off significantly in the main growing to the US as shelled meats. The other major destination for region in Chihuahua. Besides, with the ongoing water in-shell pecans were China and Hong Kong (48%). shortage in Chihuahua, there are also concerns on many farms about the overall quality from the upcoming crop. South Africa. The 2019 crop was forecasted at 16,000 USA crop is forecasted at 118,000 MT, up 7% from the metric tons (in-shell basis), down 3% from the early season prior season and its size will really center around the states projections of 16,500 MT. The main reasons for this were that of Oklahoma, Georgia and New Mexico. Oklahoma has the temperatures were extremely cold during flowering, then, potential for its largest crop in several years. Georgia, coming very hot for 3 weeks in the pollination period, and finally there back from last year’s hurricane, is predicted to be well below was some hail. All these adverse climatic conditions slightly 100 million pounds for the second year in a row. Watching the reduced the volumes from the earlier projections. results from this region will give an outlook, not only for this The trees were just beginning to come out of the dormant year, but for several years forward relative to the true total of period in early September, so it is too early to predict the trees lost in the storm. 2020 crop accurately. According to planting data, many young With the lower in-shell and kernel pricing this past year, trees will begin bearing fruit in 2020. In addition to the 2019 kernel exports and domestic kernel consumption are up in “off season” it is likely that the 2020 crop will grow to around both the USA and Mexico. 20,000 MT if the climate plays along. As per the American Pecan Council, total in-shell basis Due to the high demand from China, fueled by the trade exports (from September 2018 to July 31, 2019) added up to dispute with the USA, most of the 2019 crop has been sold to 104.3 million lbs (around 47,300 MT). The main destinations were: China (in-shell), with only a small amount of product cracked • Canada: 14 MM lbs (around 6,400 MT) for the kernel market. • Germany: 13.8 MM lbs (around 6,300 MT) • China and Hong Kong: 13.6 MM lbs (around 6,200 MT) Australia. 2018/19 was an “on year” with exceptional • Netherlands: 12.4 MM lbs (around 5,600 MT) quality: The crop ended up 50% up from the previous As for the shelled market, it amounted to 38.6 MM lbs estimation. 2019/20 will be an "off year"; drought is expected (17,500 MT) and the top importers were Canada and Germany to continue and winter was warmer than average. (18% each), Netherlands (16%), France (7%), Israel (4%),

Estimated World Pecan Production. In-shell Basis · Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Crop Total Supply Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Stock Stock MEXICO 4,500 155,000 159,500 6,800 6,800 124,800 131,600 4,600 USA 73,800 110,200 184,000 81,650 81,650 118,000 199,650 68,000 SOUTH AFRICA 50 18,200 18,250 100 100 16,000 16,100 250 AUSTRALIA 200 3,049 3,249 200 200 2,970 3,170 200 BRAZIL 0 3,500 3,500 0 0 3,000 3,000 0 CHINA 0 200 200 0 0 350 350 0 OTHERS 0 1,900 1,900 0 0 1,900 1,900 0 WORLD TOTAL 78,550 292,049 370,599 88,750 88,750 267,020 355,770 73,050 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 281,849 282,720

Estimated World Pecan Production. Kernel Basis · Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Crop Total Supply Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Stock Stock MEXICO 2,250 77,500 79,750 3,400 3,400 62,400 65,800 2,300 USA 36,900 55,100 92,000 40,825 40,825 59,000 99,825 34,000 SOUTH AFRICA 25 10,010 10,035 55 55 9,075 9,130 158 AUSTRALIA 104 1,585 1,689 104 104 1,544 1,648 104 BRAZIL 0 1,600 1,600 0 0 1,380 1,380 0 CHINA 0 80 80 0 0 140 140 0 OTHERS 0 952 952 0 0 952 952 0 WORLD TOTAL 39,279 146,827 186,106 44,384 44,384 134,491 178,875 36,562 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 141,722 142,313 Sources: COMENUEZ/SIAP, American Pecan Council, Brazilian Nut Association and other INC sources.

72 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 73 Statistical Review

Pine Nuts 松子 / Piñón / Pignon / Pinoli / Pinienkerne / Çam fistigi

Far East. This season, prices followed a very irregular Mediterranean. 2019 Turkish crop became available trend. As of the beginning of the year prices for P. sibirica had as of the last week of September and prices dropped from 55 been high, but suddenly went 20% down at the beginning €/kg to 47 €/kg for December deliveries. As for the Spanish of September and according to industry sources, are not pine nuts, until next December there is no availability, thus the expected to fall any further. The price of P. koraiensis remained price remained stable at 54 €/kg. at 28.5 USD/kg for the 650 count at mid-September, however, it was expected that the new crop could decrease it. Kernel supply of Korean pine nuts 650 count is shorter this season compared to the previous one and therefore more expensive, while 700-750 count was expected to be enough to cover the demand.

Estimated World Pine Nut Production. In-shell Basis · Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Crop Total Supply Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Stock Stock FAR EAST NORTH KOREA 4,000 16,000 20,000 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a CHINA 10,000 8,750 18,750 7,500 7,500 45,000 52,500 n/a RUSSIA 1,200 21,150 22,350 11,500 11,500 16,000 27,500 n/a AFGHANISTAN 400 6,000 6,400 1,000 1,000 5,000 6,000 n/a PAKISTAN 400 6,000 6,400 1,000 1,000 5,000 6,000 n/a SUBTOTAL 16,000 57,900 73,900 21,000 21,000 71,000 92,000 n/a MEDITERRANEAN (Pinus pinea) TURKEY 400 1,500 1,900 0 0 3,000 3,000 n/a ITALY 200 5,760 5,960 0 0 2,600 2,600 n/a PORTUGAL 200 2,000 2,200 100 100 4,500 4,600 n/a SPAIN 320 1,000 1,320 500 500 2,400 2,900 n/a OTHERS 0 160 160 0 0 160 160 n/a SUBTOTAL 1,120 10,420 11,540 600 600 12,660 13,260 n/a WORLD TOTAL 17,120 68,320 85,440 21,600 21,600 83,660 105,260 n/a WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 63,840

Estimated World Pine Nut Production. Kernel Basis · Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Crop Total Supply Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Stock Stock FAR EAST NORTH KOREA 1,000 4,000 5,000 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a CHINA 4,000 3,500 7,500 3,000 3,000 12,000 15,000 n/a RUSSIA 300 5,500 5,800 3,000 3,000 4,160 7,160 n/a AFGHANISTAN 200 3,000 3,200 500 500 1,500 2,000 n/a PAKISTAN 200 3,000 3,200 500 500 1,500 2,000 n/a SUBTOTAL 5,700 19,000 24,700 7,000 7,000 19,160 26,160 n/a MEDITERRANEAN (Pinus pinea) TURKEY 100 400 500 0 0 800 800 n/a ITALY 50 1,440 1,490 0 0 650 650 n/a PORTUGAL 50 400 450 15 15 600 615 n/a SPAIN 80 200 280 100 100 400 500 n/a OTHERS 0 40 40 0 0 40 40 n/a SUBTOTAL 280 2,480 2,760 115 115 2,490 2,605 n/a WORLD TOTAL 5,980 21,480 27,460 7,115 7,115 21,650 28,765 n/a WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 20,345

Sources: China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export Foodstuff and other INC sources.

74 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 75 Pistachios 心果 / Pistacho / Pistache / Pistacchio / Pistazie / Antep fistigi

USA. The 2019/2020 US pistachio crop is approaching an Iran. According to industry sources, the 2019/20 crop is “off-year”, with yield expectations of roughly 329,000 metric expected to amount to around 200,000 metric tons (in-shell tons (725 million lbs, in-shell basis). Harvest started slightly basis), slightly below the Iran Pistachio Association’s pre- later this year by about a week, due to cool temperatures, harvest forecast of 220,000 MT. Carry-in was also estimated with initial quality of the new crop on a positive trend. Nut 10,000 MT lower than the IPA estimation of 20,000 MT. size is slightly larger than average, and insect damage is also The 2019 crop year conditions have been more favorable reflecting on the low side. to long varieties, which are expected to be more abundant Global demand is anticipated to remain strong, which saw than the round ones this season. Harvest was delayed by record setting US shipments last year of over 363,000 metric around 2 weeks in many production areas. tons (800 million lbs). However, with the lower 2019/20 supply 2019/20 marketing year exports are anticipated to add up resulting from the “off-year”, along with a relatively low carry- to 200,000 MT of in-shell pistachios. The risen tariffs between over inventory, US shipments are anticipated to be lower China and the US may contribute to an increase in Iranian this year in comparison to last year. The increase in Iranian pistachios’ share of shipments to the Far East market. supply and the recent additional tariffs between China and US will also factor in the lower export shipments. Regarding the Turkey. 2019 is an off year for Turkish pistachios, the holiday seasons, US pistachio sales are projected to remain harvest finished around mid-September with no major quality strong, with retail sales driven by continued ad campaigns and issues with the crop. Due to the low production, pistachios are numerous retail promotions. larger this year and Turkey can offer 30/32 sizes compared to the 34/36 of last year. Due to the high domestic demand, the smaller crop and very high opening prices demand from the international market is weak and orientated towards other origins.

Estimated World Pistachio Production. In-shell Basis · Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Crop Total Supply Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Stock Stock USA 47,456 450,928 498,384 60,000 60,000 329,000 389,000 60,000 IRAN 35,000 52,000 87,000 10,000 10,000 200,000 210,000 10,000 TURKEY 5,000 232,000 237,000 100,000 100,000 75,000 175,000 50,000 SYRIA 0 20,000 20,000 0 0 23,000 23,000 0 AFGHANISTAN 0 5,000 5,000 0 0 5,000 5,000 0 GREECE 0 4,000 4,000 0 0 5,000 5,000 0 CHINA 0 3,200 3,200 0 0 3,200 3,200 0 AUSTRALIA 0 2,000 2,000 0 0 3,000 3,000 0 ITALY 0 2,500 2,500 0 0 3,000 3,000 0 SPAIN 0 900 900 0 0 2,000 2,000 0 WORLD TOTAL 87,456 772,528 859,984 170,000 170,000 648,200 818,200 120,000 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 689,984 698,200

Sources: Iran Pistachio Association (season 2018/19), Greek Nuts & Fruits Trade Association, Australia Pistachio Growers' Association and other INC sources.

74 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 75 Statistical Review

Walnuts 核桃 / Nuez / Noix / Noce / Walnuss / Ceviz

China. As reported at the 2019 China International Tree Nut estimate. Actual crop figures for the 2019/20 season, based Conference, the subjective estimate for the 2019 crop amounts to on harvest, will be available in January 2020. As reported by over 1 million metric tons, well above last year’s 810,000 MT. The the California Walnut Board & Commission, during the 2018/19 mild weather during the blossom from all origins has ensured the marketing year (September to August) both domestic and export good crop. Xinjiang, the biggest origin, accounted for 50% of the shipments were up with exports accounting for 64% of the crop. total volume that assured the stable supply of premium varieties. Final shipment numbers will be available in the near future. However, due to the bigger crop, the size of nuts was smaller. The lower inventory and the Mid-Autumn Festival Chile. According to Chilenut, the 2018/19 final crop is (September 13) and National day (October 1) holidays kept the estimated at 130,000 MT and although the kernel yield was lower market firm. The full harvest started in early/mid-September, than average, the caliber distribution was better than the prior but the sale of green hull walnut had already started in August. season with higher concentration of 32, 34, 36 and 36+ mm. By Indications are that color is better and price is more competitive. the end of August 2019, 90% of the crop was already committed. As recently reported by Odepa (Chilean Ministry of USA. As per the USDA NASS 2019 California Walnut Objective Agriculture), the walnut planted area was increased by 164% Measurement Report, based on 147,700 bearing hectares over the last decade, amounting to 40,800 hectares (35% in (365,000 acres), the crop is estimated at over 571,500 MT the Metropolitana region followed by O’higgins and Maule with (630,000 short tons), slightly below the previous season 17% each). Estimated World Walnut Production. In-shell Basis · Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Stock Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Crop Total Supply Stock CHINA 40,000 810,000 850,000 30,000 30,000 1,000,000 1,030,000 50,000 USA 57,762 610,723 668,485 56,237 56,237 571,526 627,763 60,000 CHILE 800 130,000 130,800 2,000 2,000 155,000 157,000 2,000 UKRAINE 5,000 123,000 128,000 11,000 11,000 123,000 134,000 6,000 IRAN 0 120,000 120,000 0 0 120,000 120,000 0 FRANCE 2,000 35,000 37,000 2,000 2,000 37,000 39,000 2,000 TURKEY 0 25,000 25,000 0 0 35,000 35,000 0 ROMANIA 0 36,000 36,000 0 0 36,500 36,500 500 INDIA 5,000 35,000 40,000 3,000 3,000 34,000 37,000 3,000 MOLDOVA 0 28,000 28,000 700 700 24,800 25,500 900 ARGENTINA 0 18,200 18,200 0 0 20,000 20,000 0 ITALY 0 12,000 12,000 0 0 18,000 18,000 0 AUSTRALIA 200 10,500 10,700 200 200 12,000 12,200 0 HUNGARY 0 13,000 13,000 0 0 11,200 11,200 0 GEORGIA 0 6,000 6,000 0 0 7,100 7,100 0 OTHERS 0 15,000 15,000 0 0 12,000 12,000 0 WORLD TOTAL 110,762 2,027,423 2,138,185 105,137 105,137 2,217,126 2,322,263 124,400 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T, Supply - End, Stock) 2,033,048 2,197,863 Estimated World Walnut Production. Kernel Basis · Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Stock Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Crop Total Supply Stock CHINA 17,600 356,400 374,000 13,200 13,200 440,000 453,200 22,000 USA 25,415 268,718 294,133 24,744 24,744 251,471 276,216 26,400 CHILE 400 63,700 64,100 980 980 77,500 78,480 1,000 UKRAINE 1,950 49,250 51,200 4,200 4,200 49,400 53,600 2,300 IRAN 0 48,000 48,000 0 0 48,000 48,000 0 FRANCE 1,000 15,400 16,400 880 880 16,280 17,160 880 TURKEY 0 11,000 11,000 0 0 15,400 15,400 0 ROMANIA 0 13,000 13,000 0 0 14,200 14,200 0 INDIA 1,700 13,000 14,700 1,110 1,110 12,629 13,739 1,114 MOLDOVA 0 11,000 11,000 270 270 9,750 10,020 350 ARGENTINA 0 8,190 8,190 0 0 9,000 9,000 0 ITALY 0 5,280 5,280 0 0 7,920 7,920 0 AUSTRALIA 100 4,600 4,700 88 88 5,257 5,345 0 HUNGARY 0 5,100 5,100 0 0 4,800 4,800 0 GEORGIA 0 2,600 2,600 0 0 2,700 2,700 0 OTHERS 0 6,000 6,000 0 0 4,800 4,800 0 WORLD TOTAL 48,165 881,238 929,403 45,472 45,472 969,107 1,014,580 54,044 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T, Supply - End, Stock) 883,931 960,536 Sources: California Walnut Board and Commission, Chilenut and other INC sources. *California Walnut Board and Commission does not measure in kernel basis, kernel equivalent is an INC estimation.

76 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 77 Peanuts 花生 / Cacahuete / Cacahuète / Arachide / Erdnuss / Yer fistigi

China. According to the United States Department of was also forecasted 2.5% up from last year and is expected to Agriculture, Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA FAS) report reach 4.58 MT/ha, being the largest increases anticipated in from September 2019, the Chinese 2018/2019 peanut crop Florida, Mississippi, North Carolina and Oklahoma. was estimated at 17 million metric tons and the 2019/20 crop was forecasted 3% up at 17.5 M MT. Based on sown areas of Argentina. Based on a harvested area of 388,000 ha, the 4.56 and 4.60 million hectares for 2018 and 2019 respectively, Argentine Chamber of Peanuts (CAM) updated the 2018/19 yields were estimated at 3.73 MT/hectare for the 2018/19 crop estimation to 1,397,000 MT (in-shell basis), up by 11% crop and projected to reach 3.80 MT/ha in 2019/20. from the previous estimate of 1,253,000 MT and with a yield of 3.6 MT/ha in-shell (2.52 MT/ha kernel basis). The kernel USA. The 2019/20 crop is facing some obstacles but none basis total production was estimated at 977,760 MT, from bigger than weather. Major growing areas had the hottest and which 68% were exported, another 20% were destined to driest September on record and the crop acted as expected. milling, the following 6% to seed production and the remining Irrigated peanuts looked well but dryland crops suffered. As 6% included the domestic market and losses by blanching. reported by the USDA, production is forecasted at over 2.5 International demand has increased significantly from Russia, million metric tons, 7% higher than previously anticipated Argelia and South Africa. and 3% up from 2018. The sown area added up to 560,000 According to industry sources, the 2019/20 crop sowing hectares in 2019/20, over 10,000 ha up from 2018/19. Yield was expected to begin on October 15.

Estimated World Peanut Production. In-shell Basis · 1000 Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Stock Crop Total Supply Stock Stock Crop Total Supply Stock CHINA 27 17,000 17,027 88 88 17,500 17,588 643 INDIA 685 4,700 5,385 237 237 5,200 5,437 289 NIGERIA 162 4,420 4,582 773 773 3,500 4,273 395 USA 1,285 2,477 3,762 1,143 1,143 2,563 3,706 1,010 SENEGAL 232 1,450 1,682 377 377 1,100 1,477 242 ARGENTINA 0 1,397 1,397 0 0 1,090 1,090 464 INDONESIA 94 1,030 1,124 187 187 999 1,186 180 BRAZIL 36 440 476 1 1 550 551 29 VIETNAM 31 460 491 22 22 470 492 22 GHANA 0 520 520 0 0 440 440 40 NICARAGUA 9 182 191 1 1 235 236 11 COTE D'IVOIRE 6 210 216 6 6 210 216 6 MEXICO 30 100 130 103 103 100 203 29 SOUTH AFRICA 17 30 47 13 13 80 93 13 OTHERS 0 6,800 6,800 231 231 6,900 7,131 312 WORLD TOTAL 2,614 41,216 43,830 3,182 3,182 40,937 44,119 3,685 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 40,648 40,434 Sources: China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Foodstuffs, USDA, Argentine Chamber of Peanuts (CAM) and other INC sources.

US Peanut Supply and Disappearance. 1000 Metric Tons

Year Beg. Supply Disappearance Aug. 1 Beg. Domestic Seed & Ending Stocks Production Imports Total Food Crush Residual Exports Total Stock 2017/18* 654 3,230 78 3,963 1,430 320 403 577 2,729 1,234 2018/19** 1,234 2,480 53 3,766 1,407 294 422 544 2,667 1,099 2019/20** 1,099 2,566 45 3,710 1,434 321 366 579 2,699 1,011

3,963 3,718 3,766 3,710 3,577 3,418 3,190 3,237 2,673 2,715 2,463 3,230 3,068 2,722 2,566 2,354 2,532 2,480 1,886 1,893 1,675 1,660

2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14 2014/15 2015/16 2016/17 2017/18* 2018/19** 2019/20** Total Supply Production

* Estimated. ** Forecast. Sources: USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service, Crop Production and Peanut Stocks and Processing, and U.S. Department of Commerce, U.S. Census Bureau, Foreign Trade Statistics. Last update: 10/1/2019.

76 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 77 Statistical Review

Dates / Dátil / Datte / Dattero / Dattel / Hurma

World date production continues to increase year on year The date retains its historic religious label and is especially despite the water deficit in the production areas in the consumed during the festivities of Christmas and Ramadan. Middle East and Africa. Besides, quality is continuously being The market on these occasions is very active and the improved in order to better meet customer needs. This effort operators plan their activity to adapt to the strong demand concerns both producers and manufacturers. A positive during these periods. It is estimated that this market absorbs aspect to highlight is the awareness of stakeholders on more than 50% of marketed table dates. Since the harvesting food security, respect for the environment in oases and the period is limited in time, the date packaging factories are implementation of organic farming systems. equipped with storage facilities so that they can provide the product timely.

Estimated World Table Date Production. Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Stock Production Total Supply Stock Stock Production Total Supply Stock SAUDI ARABIA 20,000 230,000 250,000 25,000 25,000 240,000 265,000 25,000 IRAN 10,000 170,000 180,000 11,000 11,000 165,000 176,000 10,000 ALGERIA 6,000 110,000 116,000 6,000 6,000 145,000 151,000 6,500 UAE 10,000 135,000 145,000 12,000 12,000 145,000 157,000 12,000 TUNISIA 5,000 130,000 135,000 4,000 4,000 140,000 144,000 3,500 EGYPT 5,000 95,000 100,000 5,000 5,000 110,000 115,000 5,000 IRAQ 3,000 55,000 58,000 4,000 4,000 65,000 69,000 4,500 ISRAEL 4,000 35,000 39,000 3,000 3,000 40,000 43,000 3,000 MOROCCO 1,000 28,000 29,000 1,500 1,500 38,000 39,500 1,500 PAKISTAN 2,000 32,000 34,000 2,000 2,000 30,000 32,000 2,000 USA 4,000 30,000 34,000 5,000 5,000 30,000 35,000 6,000 OMAN 1,500 25,000 26,500 2,000 2,000 28,000 30,000 2,000 SUDAN 500 9,000 9,500 500 500 9,000 9,500 500 LIBYA 100 1,000 1,100 100 100 1,000 1,100 100 OTHERS 5,000 35,000 40,000 5,000 5,000 40,000 45,000 5,000 WORLD TOTAL 77,100 1,120,000 1,197,100 86,100 86,100 1,226,000 1,312,100 86,600 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 1,111,000 1,225,500

These data concern only dates that have been packaged and presented for sale as such. They account for about 15% of global production of raw dates. Dates consumed in bulk and those destined for processing are not included. Source: INC Dried Apricots 杏 / Orejón / Abricot Sec / Albicocca Secca / Getrocknete Aprikose / Kuru Kayisi

Turkey: As reported by the Aegean Exporters’ Association, the main markets being USA, France and Russia. in spite of the frosts that affected the producing area of According to industry sources, sizes are average, ranging Malatya during last April-May, the 2019/2020 production is between 1 and 4 with good quality. Availability of organic expected to reach 100,000 metric tons. In 2018/19 season, apricots is down by 30%-40% compared to the prior season. exports (September 2018-July 31, 2019) reached 99,000 MT,

Estimated World Dried Apricot Production. Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Stock Production Total Supply Stock Stock Production Total Supply Stock TURKEY 20,000 98,000 118,000 15,000 15,000 100,000 115,000 20,000 IRAN 1,000 32,000 33,000 3,300 3,300 26,300 29,600 3,000 UZBEKISTAN 0 12,000 12,000 1,100 1,100 10,300 11,400 1,000 CHINA 0 5,000 5,000 0 0 5,700 5,700 0 AFGHANISTAN 0 6,500 6,500 0 0 4,500 4,500 0 SOUTH AFRICA 0 1,800 1,800 0 0 1,650 1,650 0 USA 0 1,500 1,500 0 0 1,400 1,400 0 OTHERS 3,000 30,000 33,000 3,000 3,000 30,000 33,000 3,000 WORLD TOTAL 24,000 186,800 210,800 22,400 22,400 179,850 202,250 27,000 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 188,400 175,250

Sources: Aegean Exporters Association, Iran Dried Fruit Exporters Association and other INC sources.

78 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 79 Dried Cranberries 莓 / Arándano Rojo / Mirtillo Rosso / Keçiyemisi

The 2018/2019 harvest carry-in is down 948,000 barrels/43,000 (SDC’s) remains strong and capacity for manufacture of SDC’s metric tons from 2017/18. The 2019/20 fresh fruit harvest is continues to be tight. Although China’s additional tariffs have estimated at 12.7M barrels/576,000 MT. The market is very slowed the growth seen in previous years, 2019 imports are stable, the global demand for sweetened dried cranberries expected to be flat compared to the record of 2018.

Estimated World Sweetened Dried Cranberry Production. Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Stock Production Total Supply Stock Stock Production Total Supply Stock USA 3,869 172,450 176,319 5,740 5,740 166,745 172,485 5,467 CANADA 1,820 33,700 35,520 1,890 1,890 33,212 35,102 2,210 CHILE 221 8,164 8,385 450 450 9,830 10,280 210 WORLD TOTAL 5,910 214,314 220,224 8,080 8,080 209,787 217,867 7,887 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 212,144 209,980 Source: INC The cranberry crop is harvested in the fall. End of year statistics are measured as of August, 31. 2019/20 represents the estimate of production and supply through August 31, 2020. Dried Figs 花果 / Higo Seco / Figue Sec / Fico Secco / Getrocknete Feige / Kuru Incir Turkey: Due to favorable weather conditions during the tons, 27% up from the early forecast. Up to August 31, 2019 growing and drying period, the 2019/2020 crop size and quality exports reached 57,000 MT. USA, France and Germany were the are good and production is expected to reach 89,000 metric top importers. Estimated World Dried Fig Production. Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Stock Production Total Supply Stock Stock Production Total Supply Stock TURKEY 3,000 70,000 73,000 3,000 3,000 89,000 92,000 6,000 IRAN 8,500 30,000 38,500 9,000 9,000 30,000 39,000 7,000 USA 1,800 8,500 10,300 1,200 1,200 9,500 10,700 1,200 GREECE 0 7,500 7,500 0 0 8,000 8,000 0 SPAIN 0 6,900 6,900 0 0 7,000 7,000 0 ITALY 0 4,300 4,300 0 0 5,000 5,000 0 AFGHANISTAN 0 3,500 3,500 0 0 4,000 4,000 0 OTHERS 0 4,200 4,200 0 0 6,000 6,000 0 WORLD TOTAL 13,300 134,900 148,200 13,200 13,200 158,500 171,700 14,200 WORLD CONSUMPTION (T, Supply - End, Stock) 135,000 157,500 Sources: Aegean Exporters' Association, Iran Dried Fruits Exporters Association, California Fig Advisory Board, Greek Nuts & Fruits Trade Association and other INC sources. Prunes / Ciruela Seca / Pruneau / Prugna Secca / Backpflaume / Kuru Erik According to the California Prune Board, harvest has come As reported by Chile Prunes Association, the 2018/19 late this year, making it more difficult to estimate production, production was revised 9% down to 65,000 metric tons, while the although it is expected that the volume will be less than the ending stock was estimated at over 9,500 MT, up by 22% from the original government/industry forecast. prior estimate. Forecast for 2019/20 production was also updated to approx. 63,300 MT, down by 10,700 MT from the early forecast. Estimated World Prune Production. Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Stock Production Total Supply Stock Stock Production Total Supply Stock USA 70,041 78,892 148,933 75,680 75,680 ~ 90,000 165,680 n/a CHILE 14,207 65,000 79,207 9,538 9,538 63,300 72,838 n/a FRANCE 51,000 32,000 83,000 48,000 48,000 40,000 88,000 n/a ARGENTINA 8,000 10,000 18,000 0 0 12,000 12,000 n/a SERBIA 420 8,000 8,420 0 0 5,000 5,000 n/a AUSTRALIA 1,600 1,100 2,700 826 826 3,500 4,326 n/a ITALY 380 1,200 1,580 0 0 1,400 1,400 n/a SOUTH AFRICA 0 910 910 0 0 600 600 n/a WORLD TOTAL 145,648 197,102 342,750 134,044 134,044 215,800 349,844 n/a WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 208,706 349,844 Sources: California Prune Board, Chile Prunes Association and other INC sources.

78 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 79 Statistical Review

Raisins, Sultanas & Currants 葡萄干 / Uva Pasa / Raisin Sec / Uvetta / Rosine / Kuru Üzüm

Turkey. As per the Aegean USA. As previously reported, Iran. As reported by the Iran Dried Exporters’ Association, the 2018/2019 after overcoming years of low water Fruits Exporters Association, the season Sultana raisins production was shorter availability, rain and snow were abundant 2019/20 developed normally without than normal due to unfavorable weather during the 2018/19 winter and water diseases, weather disruptions or quality conditions, However, in the 2019/20 reservoirs reached historical records, issues. Thus, production was forecasted growing season weather conditions assuring an adequate irrigation water at 170,000 MT; up by 20,000 MT from went back to normal, the harvest begun supply. The 2019/20 crop development the early forecast of 150,000 MT, with at the end of August and production was normal, presenting average fruit sizes bigger than average. is expected to bounce back to at least bunches/vine counts. In spite some 305,000 metric tons. According to weather disruptions during bloom South Africa. The South African industry sources, in spite of some minor time, the summer warm temperatures raisin industry has undergone significant disruptions by hail, flood and diseases, enabled the crop to mature normally. recapitalization over the past 3-5 size and quality are good. Thus, with good growing and drying years, both on the establishment of Over the last decade the Turkish seasons, the 2019 crop is expected to new vineyards, but also investing in dried grape production area was be of terrific quality. drying facilities to sustain and enhance increased by 10% currently reaching The prospect of this holiday season product quality and food safety around 105,000 hectares mainly seems to be promising. Christmas principles. Secondly, it is estimated that concentrated in the Aegean region. is an important selling season for approximately 1,000 hectares of wine 2018/19 exports reached 250,000 the California raisin industry with US grape production have been replaced MT by the end of the season (between industrial shipments starting in the by dominant dried grape cultivars. It is September 1, 2018 and August 31, fall. Easter is another important selling envisaged that the South African Raisin 2019). The top export markets were season for the California raisin industry. Industry will further grow to 85,000- the UK, Germany and the Netherlands. California raisin shipments to India have 90,000 MT over the next 2-3 years. According to the USDA FAS Turkey struggled due to the local preference of Raisin Annual Report 2019, exports are lighter colored fruit. Argentina. As per the USDA expected to increase to 280,000 MT FAS Argentina Raisin Annual Report in 2019/20, in line with the season’s China. For the 2019/20 season, a 2019, raisin production in 2019/20 is production raise. Domestic consumption normal crop of around 180,000 MT is forecasted at 44,000 MT, up by 11% is forecasted at 30,000 MT. expected. Weather conditions were compared to the 2018/19 due to mild this year, and farmers and factories favorable growing conditions and the have both improved their equipment, cyclical nature of the vines. 2018/19 therefore, provided that the weather exports were estimated at 35,000 MT, remains favorable, the quality is while 2019/20 are expected to rise to anticipated to be higher than average. 40,000 MT.

Estimated World Raisin / Sultana / Currant Production. Metric Tons 2018/2019 2019/2020 Country Beginning Ending Beginning Ending Stock Production Total Supply Stock Stock Production Total Supply Stock TURKEY 25,000 261,000 286,000 10,000 10,000 305,000 315,000 n/a USA 68,000 226,800 294,800 127,000 127,000 225,000 352,000 n/a CHINA 0 170,000 170,000 0 0 180,000 180,000 n/a IRAN 30,000 170,000 200,000 10,000 10,000 170,000 180,000 n/a INDIA 0 140,000 140,000 0 0 135,000 135,000 n/a SOUTH AFRICA 2,500 74,800 77,300 15,000 15,000 75,000 90,000 n/a CHILE 6,000 60,000 66,000 5,000 5,000 65,000 70,000 n/a UZBEKISTAN 2,500 50,000 52,500 0 0 50,000 50,000 n/a ARGENTINA 0 39,500 39,500 1,800 1,800 44,000 45,800 n/a AUSTRALIA 3,000 18,600 21,600 0 0 17,000 17,000 n/a AFGHANISTAN 2,500 50,000 52,500 0 0 15,000 15,000 n/a GREECE 0 18,000 18,000 0 0 12,000 12,000 n/a WORLD TOTAL 139,500 1,278,700 1,418,200 168,800 168,800 1,293,000 1,461,800 n/a WORLD CONSUMPTION (T. Supply - End. Stock) 1,249,400 1,461,800

Sources: Aegean Exporters Association, Iran Dried Fruit Exporters Association, Greek Nuts & Fruits Trade Association and other INC sources.

80 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 81 Statistical Review

Special Report Almond Production Forecasts

Although it is difficult to exactly predict how the almond crops will develop, it is possible, taking into account the historical trend and seasonality, to forecast plausible levels of production for the next decade. Both for established and emerging origins planted areas and crops are expected to keep growing, particularly if demand continues to grow ahead of supply.

Sources: United States Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural California (USA) Statistics Service (USDA NASS), Almond Board of California (ABC) and INC. The presented forecasts are INC own estimations and Area under Planting (hectares) were estimated upon historical series (from 2010 on) using Sources: USDA NASS the Triple Exponential Smoothing Method recommended Bearing (ha) Non-Bearing (ha) to handle time series and to predict seasonal trends. The forecasts do not account for loss of production 450,000 due to environmental disruptions, regulatory changes 400,000 or any other reasons. These are strictly a directional 350,000 approximation. 300,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Total Area under Planting (hectares) Total Crop (Metric Tons, kernel weight basis)

ABC and INC Records INC Forecast USDA NASS Records INC Forecast 1,400,000 1,000,000 900,000 1,200,000 800,000 1,000,000 700,000 600,000 800,000 500,000 600,000 400,000 300,000 400,000 200,000 200,000 100,000 0 0

201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030 201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030

Australia Sources: Almond Board of Australia (ABA) and INC.

Total Area under Planting Area under Planting (hectares) Source: Almond Board of Australia (2017) Source: Almond Board of Australia

Bearing (ha) Non-Bearing (ha) 2%

20% 30,000 25,000

56% 20,000 15,000

22% 10,000 Victoria 5,000 South Australia 0 New South Wales Western Australia 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

80 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 81 Statistical Review

Total Area under Planting (hectares) Total Crop (Metric Tons, kernel weight basis)

ABA Records INC Forecast ABA and INC Records INC Forecast

160,000 140,000 60,000 120,000 50,000 100,000 40,000 80,000 30,000 60,000 20,000 40,000 10,000 20,000 0 0

201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030 201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030

Spain Sources: Spanish Ministry of Agriculture (Mapa), Spanish association of nut and carob producers (AEOFRUSE) and INC. Total Area under Planting Total Area under Planting (hectares) Source: Mapa (2018) 2010-18 Mapa Records. 2019-30 INC Forecast

Bearing, 554,950 ha Irrigated area (ha) Rainfed area (ha) 6% 7% Non-bearing, 900,000 15% 102,206 ha 800,000 12% 3% 31% 700,000 27% 7% 600,000 6% 500,000 Andalucía 400,000 13% 5% Castilla-La Mancha 300,000 Valencia 200,000 37% Murcia 100,000 Aragón 16% 15% 0 Catalonia

Others 201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030

Total Crop (Metric Tons, kernel weight basis)

AEOFRUSE and INC Records INC Forecast

120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030

Chile Sources: Agricultural Studies and Policies Office (Odepa/Ciren), Chilean Ministry of Agriculture, INC and other industry sources. Area under Planting (hectares) Total Area under Planting (hectares) Industry Sources Bearing (ha) Non-Bearing (ha) ODEPA Records INC Forecast Industry Sources INC Forecast

14,000 10,000 12,000

8,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 6,000 4,000 4,000 2,000 2,000 0 0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030

82 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 83 Statistical Review

Total Crop (Metric Tons, kernel weight basis)

Industry Sources INC Forecast

14,000

12,000

10,000

8,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030

Portugal Sources: National Statistics Institute (INE) and INC. Total Area under Planting (hectares) Total Area under Planting (hectares) Source: National Institute of Statistics (INE) INE Records INC Forecast Norte Algarve Alentejo Centro Área Metropolitana de Lisboa 60,000

40,000 50,000

30,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 20,000 10,000 10,000

0 0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202220232024202520262027202820292030

Total Crop (Metric Tons, kernel weight basis) INE records in in-shell basis; kernel basis was estimated based on 35% kernel yield.

INE Records INC Forecast

12,000

10,000

8,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

0

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030

The presented forecasts are INC own estimations and were estimated upon historical series (from 2010 on) using the Triple Exponential Smoothing Method recommended to handle time series and to predict seasonal trends. The forecasts do not account for loss of production due to environmental disruptions, regulatory changes or any other reasons. These are strictly a directional approximation.

82 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 83 Industry News

Almond Board of California’s

“Own Your Everyday, Every Almond Board of California Day” Campaign Features World Cup Athlete, Julie Ertz

The advertisement with Julie Ertz highlighted her soccer skills as well as her love of almonds. © Almond Board of California

With women’s soccer growing in popularity globally Ertz was named the 2017 National Player of the Year by U.S. beyond the avid soccer fan, the Almond Board of Soccer and continues to be a key contributor to the women California (ABC) saw a great opportunity to build national team’s success. In the World Cup, for instance, she awareness with ABC’s US female consumers, and scored a goal in the game against Chile. launched a series of advertisements with the US During her career, Ertz made a transition from playing as a center back to a defensive midfielder. While she had played in team’s midfield star Julie Ertz during the FIFA the back line her entire career, Ertz saw this position change Women’s World Cup, hosted this year in France as an opportunity to challenge herself, continue to grow as from June to July 2019. Ertz not only appeared in a soccer player and prove to herself and others that she was advertisements; she was also a public relations capable of owning the midfield. This element of Ertz’s soccer spokesperson for California almonds over the past story made her a great fit for ABC’s “Own Your Everyday, Every crop year. Day” US marketing campaign. The campaign highlights how the natural energy almonds get people through the simple to the most complex tasks of the day. In the months leading up to the World Cup, Almond Board leveraged Ertz’s popularity on social media to share with her followers how she snacks on almonds and encouraging them to join her in signing the almond emoji petition. ABC also filmed several short videos of Ertz’s “everyday” life from reviewing game footage to working for her family’s foundation, all the while keeping an almond snack by her side, so she stays energized.

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In the months leading up to the World Cup, Almond Board leveraged Ertz’s popularity on social media to share with her followers how she snacks on almonds and encouraging them to join her in signing the almond emoji petition.

Almond Board shared the nutrition facts for almonds across Facebook and Instagram ads showing Julie Ertz’ dynamic soccer skill. © Almond Board of California

The Almond Board’s advertisements featuring Ertz were “Working with Julie Ertz to capitalize on this special sports shown on select games on Fox Sports and FS1 through both event made a great cultural connection for California almonds traditional broadcasting and online streaming services of and increased the popularity of almond snacking,” said Becky these channels. Ads also ran on YouTube, ESPN’s Golic & Jeffers, Manager, North America Marketing at ABC. “Seeing all Wingo show, the ESPN mobile app and on the California the positive response through social media really confirmed Almonds Facebook, Instagram and Twitter accounts. By that we had a winning combination enabling us to spread our promoting these advertisements through multiple mediums message about the benefits of almonds.” and on multiple social platforms, the Almond Board US Naturally, the Almond Board was thrilled with the marketing team was able to reach its consumer base with performance of Ertz and the U.S. Women’s National Team, a sort of 360° surround sound that shared the California who defeated the Netherlands in the final round of the World Almonds message. Cup in a 3-1 victory.

By promoting these advertisements through multiple mediums and on multiple social platforms, the Almond Board US marketing team was able to reach its consumer base with a sort of 360° surround sound that shared the California Almonds message.

Almond Board partnered with soccer pro Julie Ertz to capture her love of almonds. © Almond Board of California

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Walnuts and Wellness: A Winning Combination

Chefs Sergio and Javier Torres collaborating with the CWC and the Spanish Heart Foundation.

The California Walnut Commission (CWC) continues While the communication vehicles are as diverse as to communicate the benefits of walnuts and walnut our overseas markets, the strong message of walnuts consumption to health professionals, consumers and cardiovascular benefits continues to resonate with trade. With more than 25 years of health research, consumers. Walnuts are also the only tree nut that is a leading health messaging remains a key component of our source of alpha linolenic acid (ALA); the plant-based omega-3 public relations efforts. essential fatty acid that bodies need but cannot produce. Walnuts also contain antioxidants, provide protein, fiber and have a large number of micronutrients that may contribute to other health-related conditions including diabetes, cancer, cognitive function, male infertility, gut health and more. In July, walnuts were featured as a food for regulating hypertension on the Japanese national medical entertainment television show called “The Best Doctor’s Approval” (TBS channel) to verify the risk of diseases through celebrities’ health check result. It was a 3-hour special under the theme of “Life expectancy declaration Special” where walnuts were introduced as “omega-3 from the fields” and that they have a positive effect on reducing/regulating hypertension. The CWC continues to have success with the Menus with Heart (Menús con Corazón) program in Spain. Working with the Spanish Heart Foundation, the CWC partners with leading cardiologists and this year, celebrated Spanish chefs Sergio and Javier Torres to promote the beneficial effects of including walnuts in your diet. A unique cookbook focusing

86 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 87 Industry News

Nut Consumption Correlates with Women’s Cognition and Mood

Thursday • September 26 • 2019 on heart-healthy recipes that incorporate walnuts is used 10:00 am - 10:30 am Plenary Session at AXA CONVENTION CENTRE

throughout the year at consumer and healthcare professional Presenter Dr. Lenore Arab Nutritional Epidemiologist events. A cooking show launched the new cookbook where David Ge en School of Medicine at UCLA

some of the recipes were demonstrated and tasted. Depression is a significant public health issue across the globe. This presentation provides evidence regarding the correlation between diet with cognitive status and mental health. Dr. Arab discusses her Additionally, California Walnuts participated in the annual race latest research suggesting that consuming walnuts may be associated with a lower prevalence and frequency of depression in hosted by the Spanish Heart Foundation. various populations. California Walnut Commission (CWC) To share our message with health professionals and the Health Research Program

community, the Commission participates in large health For more than 25 years, the CWC has supported health-related research to explore the role of walnuts in a healthy diet, focusing on the body weight & composition, conferences such as Nutrients, which was held in September. cancer, heart health, diabetes, cognitive health, reproductive health, metabolic syndrome and gut health. Dr. Lenore Arab spoke at the plenary session discussing The CWC believes these scientific contributions are necessary for the development of dietary recommendations worldwide and establishing a strong scientific foundation aimed at improving public health. The CWC is committed to nutrition and health research and provides her latest research related to the consumption of walnuts funds and/or walnuts for projects that have been peer-reviewed and which are conducted independently by researchers who design the experiments, interpret the results and present and their beneficial effects on depression, and conference evidence-based conclusions.

participants received informational materials about the health Visit nuecesdecalifornia.com (ES) walnuts.org (EN) for more information on health research benefits of walnuts.

New US Advertising Campaign California walnuts’ previous advertising focused on their functional benefits –versatility as an ingredient, simplicity of use, and heart-healthy benefits. A new campaign will launch this fall, building on these strengths, but also designed to shift how people think and feel about walnuts. The campaign will appeal to our audience on a more emotional level, and portray walnuts in a fresh, relatable, and engaging light. Through consumer research, we learned that our audience is optimistically embracing the challenges that accompany their full, active and busy lifestyles. Despite describing their lives as ‘controlled chaos’, they are enthusiastic about life, Dr. Lenore Arab speaking in the plenary sesson at Nutrients 2019 – Nutritional Advances in the Prevention and Management of Chronic Disease, along with laugh off small setbacks, and enjoy small daily victories. They Dr. Emilio Ros from the Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain. are seeking simple solutions to make life easier and more manageable. Health and nutrition outreach in Turkey focused on the Our customers’ greatest challenge is a lack of time, and results of a recent Penn State University study that indicated the greatest need is simple solutions. That’s where walnuts that eating walnuts, when combined with a diet low in come in, helping to create and savor the simple satisfactions saturated fats, may help lower blood pressure in people at of life. The new campaign engages the consumer with risk for cardiovascular disease. A variety of top-tier consumer amusing vignettes of the many ways modern life isn’t so news and lifestyle media outlets featured stories highlighting simple, then reminds them that using California walnuts really the health benefits and versatility of walnuts. is simple –and provide nutritious and delicious recipes and The recent research study on, ‘Mediterranean Diet snacks in a wide variety of applications. Be on the lookout for a during Pregnancy Associated with Improved Maternal Health series of new TV spots, beginning in mid-October. Outcomes,’ conducted by researchers at the Queen Mary University of London and the University of Warwick received great coverage across the globe. In India, leading publications such as Dainik Jagran, Indian Express, Punjab Kesari, Nav Bharat Times, The Pioneer, The Times of India, Outlook, Tribune and many more featured the study in their respective print/online editions. In India alone, more than 80 stories published with a combined readership of over 90 million. California Walnuts was present at the National VDD Congress (Association of Dieticians and Nutrition Scientists) in Germany. These types of conferences enable the CWC to reach health professionals and educate them about walnuts’ health benefits. The CWC handed out copies of our Nutrition and Health Benefit Patient Educator Chart, the latest health research studies, recipe flyers, as well walnut samples and nutritious snack options featuring walnuts.

86 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 87 Industry News

Study Finds American

Grown Pistachios Contain

Melatonin Pistachios are a highly “ nutritious snack containing not only melatonin, but a wide variety of vitamins, bioactive An analysis conducted by researchers at Louisiana compounds and antioxidants State University, found that American grown that benefit an individual’s pistachios contain significant amounts of melatonin, “ much higher than most fruits, vegetables, cereals, overall health and wellness. legumes and seeds.

Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland to regulate the body’s internal biological clock and control daily sleep cycles. Melatonin supplements are commonly used by people with insomnia or with irregular sleep patterns that may arise from frequent travel, irregular work schedules, or other causes. Melatonin was extracted from raw and roasted pistachios grown in the United States. The result was surprising—the pistachios contained about 660 ng melatonin per gram of pistachio, which was more than other foods1. The roasting of the pistachios had no effect on the melatonin. AMERICAN PISTACHIOS The study was significant for three reasons. First, CONTAIN 660 ng/gram OF pistachios contain relatively high levels of melatonin

1 compared to other foods. Second, researchers also identified 2 protective bioactive compounds, lunasin and the Bowman- Birk Inhibitor, that have anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activity that may help manage type 2 diabetes. Finally, COMPARED TO: researchers propose that these compounds together with

Food Melatonin Range (Fresh Weight and Dry Weight)2 other protective compounds found in pistachios, such as

Fruits 0.05 – 15.00 ng/gram FW lutein, zeaxanthin and polyphenols may have synergistic

Vegetables 0.04 – 18.15 ng/grams FW effects that support overall health. Cereals 1.0 – 125.0 ng/grams FW According to Dr. Jack Losso, one of the researchers, Legumes 0.5 – 10.0 ng/grams FW “Pistachios are a highly nutritious snack containing not only Seeds 2.0 – 198 ng/grams DW melatonin, but a wide variety of vitamins, bioactive compounds and antioxidants that benefit an individual’s overall health and wellness. For example, pistachios contain certain phenolics An analysis conducted by researchers at Louisiana State University found that which can slow down tryptophan degradation. The increase American Pistachios in tryptophan has the potential to help with delayed sleep contain significant onset, sleep duration and quality.” Millicent Yeboah-Awudzi, amounts of melatonin, much higher than most fruits, vegetables, another researcher on the study added, “If anyone is looking to cereals, legumes and seeds. increase their melatonin intake, this analysis shows pistachios are a natural food option worth considering.” 1. Losso, J and Yeboah-Awudzi, M. (2019) Melatonin Content of raw and roasted pistachios. Louisiana State University. 2. Meng, W. et al. Dietary Sources and Bioactivities of Melatonin. Nutrients, 2017 AmericanPistachios.org 1. Meng, W. et al. Dietary Sources and Bioactivities of Melatonin. Nutrients, 2017.

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Pistachios Draw Attention from Diabetes Educators

November is American Diabetes Month, a time when Pistachio Lemon Gremolata Over Grilled Asparagus, including diabetes educators and people with diabetes focus a cooking demonstration by culinary and nutrition expert national attention on diabetes’ everyday challenges and Sara Haas, RDN, LDN. PHI also gathered media and diabetes evolving solutions. Fundamentally affected by nutrition, education leaders at a private dinner, in which pistachios diabetes always spurs discussion of healthy dietary served as a platform for guests to share important ideas for helping the public make healthier dietary choices. choices. This year, pistachios have people talking. Industry efforts have inspired recent headlines in major Given the prevalence of diabetes worldwide, it’s an important news outlets highlighting nuts as a strong, nutritious food conversation to be having. According to the International choice. Because pistachios are a source of plant-protein and Diabetes Foundation (IDF), 425 million adults aged 20-79 high in fiber, they can be an ideal choice for people trying to eat years were living with diabetes in 2017, and the proportion of more plant-based snacks and meals too. people with type 2 diabetes is increasing in most countries. IDF November is a great time to continue the momentum predicts 629 million adults will have diabetes by 20451. by spreading diabetes awareness and encouraging people The idea that pistachios can be part of a healthy diet for to make better diet and lifestyle choices. As a nutrient-rich, people with diabetes is not new. In fact, the American Diabetes plant-based, whole food, pistachios are staged to remain an Association –the organization behind American Diabetes integral part of the movement. Month– calls nuts a “diabetes superfood2”. Research continues Healthy, Diabetes-Friendly Diets Start in the to evolve, however, about potential health benefits for people Kitchen who include pistachios in their diet, including populations Delicious recipes like Pistachio Lemon Gremolata Over Grilled affected by diabetes. Asparagus (below) can help keep consumers on track for their Pistachio Health Institute (PHI) joined the conversation at goals to include healthier, nutrient-rich, plant-based whole the American Association of Diabetes Educators (AADE) annual foods like pistachios in their diets. meeting in August, educating over 3,000 health professionals 1 https://www.idf.org/aboutdiabetes/what-is-diabetes/facts-figures.html about the health benefits and culinary versatility of pistachios. 2 https://www.diabetes.org/nutrition/healthy-food-choices-made-easy/ PHI’s AADE exhibit was a popular destination for attendees to diabetes-superfoods

learn about and taste pistachios in healthy recipes like For more information, please visit www.PistachioHealthInstitute.org.

Pistachio Lemon Servings: 4 Gremolata Over Ingredients For the gremolata: For the asparagus: ½ cup shelled pistachios, 2 teaspoons extra virgin Grilled Asparagus chopped olive oil 2 cloves garlic, minced 1/8 teaspoon kosher salt ¾ cub flat leaf parsley, roughly 1/8 teaspoon freshly chopped cracked black pepper 1 lemon, zested, then 1 bunch asparagus (about quartered into wedges (for 1 pound), lower stems serving) removed and trimmed

Instructions:

1. Preheat the grill to medium-high heat or set a grill pan over medium- high heat. Clean and lightly oil the grates of the grill or lightly coat the grill pan with oil. 2. Place the pistachios, garlic and parsley in the bowl of a small food processor and pulse until roughly chopped. Set aside. 3. Toss the asparagus with the oil, salt and pepper. Place asparagus on the grill and cook, turning twice during cooking time, until tender, about 10 minutes. 4. Transfer asparagus to a serving plate and garnish with gremolata and lemon wedges. Squeeze lemon over asparagus just before enjoying.

Nutrition information:

130 calories, 5 g protein, 9 g carbohydrates, 4 g fiber, 9 g fat, 1 g saturated fat, 0 mg cholesterol, 120 mg sodium.

88 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 89 90 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 91 Industry News

New California Prunes Brand Gains Immediate Momentum

Following the debut at this year’s World Nut and Dried AE A Celebrate the savory with California Prunes. Fruit Congress, the new California Prunes brand is Wrap them with prosciutt o or other REA ONER cured meats for a Go California-style simple and unexpected with your Greek salads. fl avor delight. already hard at work around the world. California Prunes mixed with feta put a luscious twist on all your Mediterranean favorites. "We took the development of our new brand very seriously. It’s more than a logo and a tag line, it’s a statement about Harvest the unexpected. being the best, from our orchard practices to state-of-the- California Prunes taste, and pair, like no other prunes in the world.

art processing, and of course, our market support. We have R a responsibility as leaders in the premium-quality space savory fl avors, California Prunes are to communicate about what makes California Prunes so . A EAR REA different” said Donn Zea, Executive Director, California Prune Melt. Dip. Pop. . Mmmmm. California Prunes dipped in dark chocolate are a sure- A Board (CPB). fi re win with kids and foodies alike. . In the United States, the CPB recently launched a program with the Sunset media property –a popular and iconic outlet– RES NENE Wherever mint goes, follow it with to reach millions of readers each month. Ranging from a California Prunes. The combinati on will bring novel texture and airy freshness to summer full-page ad in the print publication to a high-profile digital salads and more. RN SRRSE Imagine the simultaneously salty and sweet tapenades you can create when you advertising campaign, the California Prunes and Sunset start with green olives and California Prunes. partnership showcases the exceptional versatility and premium flavor profile of California Prunes. © California Prune Board

“It’s more than a logo and a tag line, it’s a statement about being the best, from our orchard practices to state-of-the-art processing, and of course, our market support.”

The Sunset partnership is activating in parallel with the new California Prunes website (www.californiaprunes.org). The site reflects the new brand and showcases the remarkable, multi- © California Prune Board faceted story of California Prunes from nutrition and health benefits to recipe and culinary inspiration. The Sunset partnership also featured an immersive In addition to a robust domestic campaign, California Prunes event for social media influencers to learn about California is driving demand in key export markets, including Japan. For Prunes from orchard-to-table. With opportunities to engage the first time in six years, California Prunes will be back on directly with California Prune growers and processors, as well television in the Japanese market with a much-anticipated as chefs, nutrition experts, and the Sunset team, the event campaign. The new commercial emphasizes the unique origins equipped the influencers with a wealth of knowledge about of California Prunes, specifically the warm sunshine and fertile California Prunes. soil that contributes to the excellent quality, taste, and health In turn, the well-connected participants immediately benefits of the fruit. Favorably received by Japanese consumers shared their event experiences with their expansive social in pre-launch research, the commercial will also be featured in media audiences. The influencers will continue to create train carriages and stations, online, and in grocery stores. and share new California Prunes recipes, photos, videos, “We are just beginning to experience the power of our new and more throughout the upcoming program year to ensure brand,” said Zea. “We see only upside and potential for California highly favorable, ongoing social media conversation about Prunes, and we are eager to continue underscoring why the California Prunes. world does –and should– come to California for prunes.”

90 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 91 Industry News

By Maureen Ternus, News from the M.S., R.D. INC NREF INC Nutrition ResearchExecutive Director & Education Foundation (INC NREF)

MAUREEN TERNUS, M.S., R.D.N Executive Director

In 2019, INC NREF has been focusing on research and the U.S. Dietary Guidelines (DG). As mentioned in a previous column, the DG are updated every five years One such topic is portion size. Since the U.S. Food and Drug and the next update will be in 2020. Recently, INC NREF Administration’s qualified health claim for nuts and heart provided oral comments to the Dietary Guidelines disease recommends 1.5 ounces (43 grams) of nuts per day, INC Advisory Committee (DGAC) in Washington, DC (see NREF is highlighting this portion size in all of its research and DGAC Comments). Written comments will be provided outreach activities, and educational materials. The new Go Nuts as well, and they will elaborate on the topics addressed Everyday brochure includes a poster showing what a 1.5 ounce in the oral comments. serving of each nut looks like (see Figure 1).

Figure 1. Source: USDA, ARS. FoodData Central, 2019. (fdc.nal.usda.gov.) ©INC Nutrition Research and Education Foundation.

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DGAC Comments

VERBAL COMMENTS BY MAUREEN TERNUS, M.S., R.D., EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, INC NREF ON BEHALF OF INC NREF

On behalf of the International Tree Nut Council Nutrition ApoB, and triglycerides. The major determinant of Research & Education Foundation (INC NREF) I’d like cholesterol lowering appears to be nut dose rather than to thank you for the opportunity to present comments nut type. today. INC NREF is a non-profit organization that represents 9 tree nuts (almonds, Brazils, cashews, 2. In another systematic review and meta-analysis of hazelnuts, pecans, pistachios, pine nuts, macadamias and 40 randomized, controlled trials (Tindall et al., 2019), walnuts). consumption of nuts significantly decreased insulin I’d like to comment specifically on the Committee’s resistance and fasting insulin, suggesting that nut work regarding changes to the current Healthy U.S. Style, consumption may improve insulin sensitivity. Healthy Mediterranean Style and Healthy Vegetarian Style Eating Patterns in the 2015-2020 Dietary I’d like to comment on another topic being addressed by Guidelines for Americans. All three patterns recommend the Committee: frequency of eating. Research shows between 2.5 and 3.5 ounces of nuts, seeds and soy (Dunford et al., 2017), snacks provide about 25% of daily products per week. Compare this to the 10.5 ounces per calories. When it comes to the role of nuts in the diet, week recommended in the FDA qualified health claim approximately 60% of the nuts consumed are as snacks. for nuts and heart disease. According to USDA/ERS data In a recent study, researchers looked at data from the (2015), consumers eat about 1.3 ounces of tree nuts per 2009-2012 NHANES and found that replacing between- week. Increasing the recommended amount of nuts in meal snacks with tree nuts led to more nutrient-rich healthy food patterns can help consumers lower their risk diets that were lower in empty calories and sodium and of chronic disease and potentially improve overall health. had more favorable fatty acid profiles. Replacing snacks In the last five years there has been a dramatic high in refined carbohydrates with just ¼ to ⅓ cup of increase in the number of studies showing the positive nuts per day, could have a positive impact on the nutrient impact of nuts on cardio-metabolic health, weight and density of the diet. satiety. More than seven epidemiological and clinical In summary, consumers are eating well below both mixed-nut studies have shown that nut consumption is USDA Dietary Guidelines and FDA recommendations. not associated with higher body weight. The Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, through Over 45 research articles have shown that mixed nuts its review of the evergrowing body of evidence on can help reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes and nut consumption and subsequent inclusion of dietary metabolic syndrome: relevant quantities in its recommended food patterns, can help consumers understand the benefits of regular 1. In a systematic review and meta-analysis of 61 nut consumption. INC NREF looks forward to providing controlled intervention trials (Del Gobbo et al., 2015) tree this evidence to the Committee throughout the nut intake lowered total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, comment period.

Research The second of two papers from the INC NREF-funded study at mechanisms underlying associations between nuts and Harvard, looking at nuts, biomarkers and cardiometabolic risk, cardiometabolic health. Metabolites that were positively was recently published in the Journal of Nutrition. associated with intake of nuts may be helpful in identifying Nut intake has been inversely associated with risk of type potential biomarkers of nut intake. This is yet another piece 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD), partly by helping of evidence showing the important role nuts can play in a to improve blood lipid profiles. However, the way in which nut healthy diet. intake may affect lipid metabolites remains unclear. Identification of Plasma Lipid Metabolites Associated with Nut Consumption in US Men and Women, looks at how nut intake may affect lipid metabolites, thereby decreasing the risk of diabetes and CVD. The researchers concluded that a panel of lipid metabolites was associated with For more information on any project, please contact Maureen Ternus at intake of nuts, which may provide insight into biological [email protected].

92 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 93 Industry News

Trials Prove Macadamias’ Potential for Surging Dairy Alternatives Market

LYNNE ZIEHLKE Australian Macadamias General Manager, Marketing

Brian Loader, CEO of Green & Gold, says the results demonstrate tangible business possibility while delivering to consumer demand for healthy products.

Key Findings 1. Macadamias have high and stable emulsification properties, meaning little to no product separation occurs, and the creamy texture is preserved. 2. Macadamias’ neutral flavour makes way for a variety of uses –sweet, salty and otherwise. They are also an excellent flavour carrier. 3. Focus group participants could not The global rise of the dairy alternatives market has been good news for tell that macadamias were used a host of producers, both nut and otherwise, as manufacturers have re- instead of dairy milk for the soup imagined the dairy category, and consumers have embraced innovation. from both a taste and texture perspective. The global dairy alternatives market grew an average of 17% annually between 2013 4. Focus group participants could and 20171, and was valued at more than USD $15.8 billion in 20182. This figure is set not tell that macadamias were to tip $38 billion by 20243. Multiple non-dairy sub-categories are contributing to this used instead of dairy milk for the growth, including milk, ice cream, yoghurt, and cheese. smoothie from both a taste and While the dairy alternatives movement has seen numerous examples of texture perspective. product innovation with macadamias, they remain under-leveraged in the dairy 5. Participants could taste that alternatives space. macadamias were used in the Australian macadamia supplier Green & Gold has set out to change this, unveiling yoghurt, which for many was a a new program to pioneer food ingredient opportunities by testing macadamias positive. The yoghurt texture as a dairy alternative in a range of products. CEO Brian Loader says the results resembled that of dairy yoghurt. demonstrate tangible business possibility while delivering to consumer demand for For Green & Gold, the results are healthy products. extremely encouraging. “Our team is “The recent EAT-Lancet Commission findings reported that 40% of the infinitely buoyed by this initial foray recommended daily protein calorie requirement should come from nuts,” he said. into how the future looks for how “It’s estimated that nut consumption needs to double by 2050. Macadamias have macadamias are consumed,” said demonstrated the largest supply availability growth of any nut variety in the last 10 Brian Loader. years at 57%. Higher volumes of macadamia supply avail the scale to develop new products.” 1. Innova Market Insights, Briefing Series: Green & Gold’s trials, with a leading product development laboratory, examined Top 10 Trends 2019, January 2019. 2. Global Market Insights, Dairy Alternatives whether macadamias retain their creamy textural advantage as a liquid when used as a Market Analysis Global Share Forecast Report 2025, dairy replacement. The team developed three products using macadamias in place of March 2019. 3. Arizton, Non-Dairy Milk Market - Global Outlook dairy –mushroom soup, mango smoothie and yoghurt– with 5 key findings revealed. and Forecast 2019-2024, March 2019.

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Nuts for Life Update: Nut Consumption, Nutrients and Better Health

In 2018, Nuts for Life commissioned the University of Wollongong to undertake a secondary analysis of the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2011-2013 Australian Health Survey (AHS). The AHS is the largest and most comprehensive health survey ever conducted in Australia. The 2011-12 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (NNPAS) was part of the AHS and obtained detailed 24-hour recalls (including foods and beverages consumed) on two separate days.

Research Aims Summary of Results The aim of the research was to explore the relationship of nut Australians aren’t eating enough nuts, consumption vs. non-nut consumption on nutrient intakes • Only 2% of Australians are eating the recommended 30 g of and anthropometric measures (including weight, waist nuts a day. circumference and body mass index (BMI)) among Australians • Among all Australians, the mean intake of nuts was 4.6 g aged two years and older. Specifically: a day. • Of those who were eating nuts, i.e. ‘nut consumers’, the • To apply the nut specific database (developed previously) mean intake was 11.75 g a day. to dietary intake data. • To quantify nut consumption in Australia. Nut consumption is lowest among children, • To determine the contributions of nuts to intakes of key • Of those who were eating nuts, children had the lowest nutrients. mean intake (7.7 g a day) –almost half that of adults • To identify associations between nut intake and (adults 18-64 years mean intake 12.8 g a day). anthropometric and blood pressure measurements. • A similar proportion of males and females reported eating nuts (20.1% of females and 19.1% of males).

Most Australians need to Most nuts are consumed as part of core foods, increase their nut consumption • Most nuts were consumed as whole nuts or as part of core six-fold to gain the significant foods, based on AUSNUT 2011-13 major and sub-major food health benefits associated with groups. eating 30 g of nuts a day. • Just 11.75% of nuts consumed were from discretionary products such as confectionary, cakes and muffins.

Eating nuts is associated with significantly higher intake of key nutrients, • Greater nut consumption was associated with significantly higher intakes of key nutrients including fibre, vitamin E, iron, magnesium and phosphorous. • Whole nuts alone contributed more than 10% of the amount of selenium, linoleic acid, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fat consumed.

Eating nuts was not associated with higher body weight, • Nut consumption was not associated with higher weight, BMI or waist circumference.

Most Australians need to increase their nut consumption six-fold to gain the significant health benefits associated with eating 30 g of nuts a day.

96 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 97 Industry News

Disseminating Results Nuts for Life was successful at receiving a grant from the INC International Nut and Dried Fruit Council to help disseminate the results of this research. Dissemination activities are still underway, and to date include:

DIETITIANS ASSOCIATION OF AUSTRALIA CONFERENCE, AUSTRALIAN AND NEW August 2019 ZEALAND OBESITY SOCIETY (ANZOS) Summary report produced and launched CONFERENCE, Poster presentation. October 2019

Oral presentation –to be 15 Nut consumption and health: A secondary analysis of the Australian Health Survey presented by Dr. Yasmine Probst,

Cassandra Nikodijevic1 Marijka Batterham2,3 Dr Elizabeth Neale1,2 1. School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia 2. Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia 1,2 1,2 4 Dr Yasmine Probst Prof. Linda Tapsell Belinda Neville 3. School of Mathematics and Applied Statistics, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia NUT CONSUMPTION, 4. Nuts for Life, North Sydney, NSW, Australia University of Wollongong. NUTRIENTS AND INTRODUCTION RESULTS Nut consumption is associated with a range of health benefits, with Only 2% of Australians were The average (mean) intake research highlighting positive health eating the recommended of nuts among Australians BETTER HEALTH outcomes that result from habitual nut consumption of around 30g per 30g of nuts a day. was 4.6g a day. Of those that were day1. However, nut consumption data eating nuts, i.e. ‘Nut consumers’, the mean in Australia is limited to one day of intake was 11.75g a day. dietary data and does not take into Percentage of Australians consuming account nuts consumed in mixed nut quantities Mean nut intake (g) per day products. 30g/day or more 30g Recommended 20–30g/day 25g The aim of this study was to examine 20g nut consumption in the 2011-12 10–20g/day National Nutrition and Physical Activity 15g Survey (NNPAS), and to investigate Less than 5–10g/day 10g associations between nut intake, 5g/day 5g nutrient intake and anthropometric 0g and blood pressure measurements. All Australians ‘Nut consumers’ PUBLIC HEALTH Mean nut intake (g) per day Contribution of nut types toward the average 30g Recommended NutFigure 2. consumption was not associatednut intake with higher weight, Mean nut intake (g) per day 25g METHODS BMI, or waist circumference. Almonds Recommended 20gMixed nuts (incl peanuts) 30g/day 15g Mixed nuts (no peanuts) NUTRITION JOURNAL The 2011-12 NNPAS is a component of the Australian Health Study (AHS), conducted with over Greater intake of nuts was associated10g withCashews significantly Walnuts 12,000 Australians aged 2 years and older, and higher consumption of fibre, vitamin5g E, iron, magnesium and 2 Macadamia consisted of two 24-hour dietary recalls . 0g 11.75g/day Other phosphorous. All Australians ‘Nut consumers’ A nut-specific database was first developed by the Peanuts 4.6g/day research team3, and applied to the NNPAS. Nuts and 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% nut-containing products were identified as well as Of theAll Australians tree nutsNut consumers eaten, Contribution of nut types toward the average Manuscript has been accepted the percentage and type of nuts in each product. Nut nut intake consumption and energy intake were determined, almonds were the most Almonds as well as usual intakes of nuts and energy using the commonly reported Mixed nuts (incl peanuts) multiple source method (MSM). The proportions of ‘nut Mixed nuts (no peanuts) consumers’ and ‘non-consumers’ were determined, (18.55% proportion of total Cashews and mean consumption was calculated. Linear for publication. Walnuts followed by mixed nuts regression was performed to explore the association nut intake), Macadamia between nut consumption and anthropometric (12.16%) and cashews (12.12%). Peanuts, whilst Other measures (body weight, BMI and waist circumference), not a true nut made up just over 27% of the total Peanuts and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. nut intake. 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

REFERENCES Nut consumers were consuming 88.25% of their nut intake from core foods and 11.75% from discretionary foods. 1. Aune, D., et al., Nut consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer, all-cause and cause-specific mortality: The core food groups which contributed the most to nut intake amongst ‘nut consumers’ were a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of ‘nut and nut products’ (76.08%), followed by ‘breakfast cereals, ready to eat’ (5.21%). prospective studies. BMC Med, 2016. 14(1): p. 207. 2. ABS 4364.0.55.007 – Australian Health Survey: Nutrition First Results – Food and Nutrients, 2011‑12 http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/ detailspage/4364.0.55.0072011‑12. CONCLUSION 3. Nikodijevic, C., et al., Development of a database for This analysis is the first to report nut consumption from all sources in a representative Australian estimation of the nut content of Australian single- ingredient and multi-ingredient foods J Food Comp and sample. The usual nut intake was considerably lower than the recommended 30g of nuts per day. Analysis, 2019. 82(September 2019). This is concerning as the literature indicates that the risk of chronic diseases is reduced when nut 4. Luo, C., et al., Nut consumption and risk of type 2 consumption reaches 30g per day1,4-6. The results support the current evidence that increased nut diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality: consumption is not associated with greater body weight, BMI or waist circumference. A secondary analysis of the Australian Health Survey data, together a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr, 2014. 100(1): p. 256-69. It has also been suggested that nut consumption facilitates a better quality diet7. Our results align MEDIA RELEASE 5. de Souza, R.G.M., et al., Nuts and Human Health with current and emerging evidence on nuts and their health benefits Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Nutrients, 2017. 9(12). with these findings, with consumption of nuts associated with significantly higher intakes of fibre, 6. Sabate, J., K. Oda, and E. Ros, Nut consumption and blood vitamin E, iron, magnesium and phosphorous. lipid levels: a pooled analysis of 25 intervention trials. Arch Intern Med, 2010. 170(9): p. 821-7. Future strategies that encourage Australians to consume a healthy 30g handful of nuts every day are 7. O’Neil, C.E., T.A. Nicklas, and V.L. Fulgoni, 3rd, Tree nut required to help ensure their positive impact towards health is reached. consumption is associated with better nutrient adequacy and diet quality in adults: National Health and Nutrition To be released following Examination Survey 2005-2010. Nutrients, 2015. 7(1): www.nutsforlife.com.au p. 595-607. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We wish to acknowledge all the researchers involved from the University of Wollongong. This project is supported by the Copyright © 2019 Horticulture Innovation Australia INC International Nuts and Dried Fruit Council. Limited and Nuts for Life Contact: Dr Elizabeth Neale, University of Wollongong, Australia, [email protected] 02 4221 5961 publication in Public Health

Nuts - Conf poster A0.indd 1 31/7/19 10:57 am Nutrition journal.

NUTS FOR LIFE WEBSITE LAUNCH EVENT, Summary report available. September 2019

Presentation by Dr. Elizabeth Neale, University of Wollongong to invited influencers and dietitians. WEBINAR, November 2019

Free webinar will be held and presented by Dr. Elizabeth Neale.

For further information on these activities contact: Belinda Neville, Nutrition Program Manager: [email protected] Claudia Higgins, Marketing Manager: [email protected]

96 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 97 98 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 99 Industry News

Nucis 2019-2020 Campaign: Focus on the Food System

The next stage of Nucis 2019-2020 communication campaign is taking shape. Since its launch in June, the campaign has already paved the way for a number of important developments, including greater involvement of the food industry and a team of food influencers.

One of the key program objectives of The digital communication campaign continues on social media. In addition to the 2019-2020 Nucis campaign is to the Facebook page, which is constantly updated and which has 35,700 followers to step up communication with some of date, the Nucis Italia Instagram page was launched in October, for which a fresh, the most important representatives colorful feel was developed to demonstrate the “trendy” side of dried fruit and of the Italian Food System. The title of nuts. To fully personalize the profile, the first stages of a photo shoot took place in this year’s program, “Nuts and nutrition September, providing the first 15 shots to be published. system”, was carefully chosen to denote The messages of the Nucis social media campaign will be diffused virally thanks a program with the clear intention of to the involvement of a team of selected food & nutritional influencers who will targeting not just consumers and the kick off the publication activity with 2 content posts each from the launch of the scientific community, but also the Instagram profile. It is estimated that the influencers’ activity will generate around food and catering industries, and the 6,000 interactions and reach 500,000 contacts by May 2020. increasingly relevant audience of food influencers. The main objective of these meetings is to enhance the awareness of the key players in what is known as the Food It is estimated that the System of the growing relevance of dried fruit and nuts and influencers’ activity will as an integral part of the Mediterranean diet. generate around 6,000 interactions and reach 500,000 New activity for the 2019-2020 campaign will continue offline with the scheduling contacts by May 2020. of a series of one-to-one meetings (up to a maximum of 10) with some of the key figures in the food, catering and distribution industries. The main objective of these Firstly, an updated communications meetings is to enhance the awareness of the key players in what is known as the Food concept was presented containing new System of the growing relevance of dried fruit and nuts and as an integral part of the imagery and claims which –continuing Mediterranean diet. The meetings will provide valuable opportunities to hear the from last year– aim to catch the attention requirements of businesses and retailers in this product category. of a wider audience, promoting a An important pillar of the Nucis program, engaging with professionals, will healthy lifestyle linked to the regular continue. Prepared with our usual scientific rigor and scrupulous approach, our first consumption of dried fruit and nuts. In newsletter aimed at GPs, cardiologists and nutritionists was sent out on September parallel, a new layout for the nucisitalia. 24. The newsletter presents the latest scientific studies relating to the benefits of it website has been developed, aimed dried fruit and nuts at different stages of life. Professionals reading the newsletter are at showcasing the different types of invited to request a free waiting room kit comprised of new materials that are currently news published and improving users’ being developed: a calendar, a poster focusing on the nutrients contained in different navigation experience. The new site will fruits and nuts, and a pad of puzzle sheets for patients while they are waiting. be online in October, and to reach the Finally, excellent results were obtained from June to September with the first 2 target of 145,000 views per year, a web press releases issued. To date, coverage has been obtained in 30 online and offline advertising program is planned, involving publications, including important national papers such as Il Venerdì di Repubblica and Ok some of the most popular online Salute e Benessere. These results indicate an increasing interest in the dried fruit and publications specializing in well-being nuts category in general and a positive media response to the issues promoted by the and nutrition, such as My personal trainer. Nucis campaign.

98 November 2019 | NUTFRUIT November 2019 | NUTFRUIT 99 Industry News

Spreading the Health Benefits of Nuts

Nucis Germany supports nutritionists with knowledge and information brochures to spread the positive health effects of nut consumption. Health insurance companies benefit from our work and one in particular, Siemens Health Insurance Munich Bavaria (SBK), provided a statement from their point of view which we would like to share with Nutfruit Magazine.

As a group of nutritionists in the SBK, we are quite often invited to speak about “brainfood” and nutrition with the aim of keeping employees well equipped to cope with the daily stress and emotional pressure at work, as today’s digital world places a greater demand than ever on our brains. We offer 1:1 advice, talks, workshops and even cooking lessons in our show-kitchen, and based on the number of orders and feedback we receive, “Muesli-Bar” seems to be the favorite snack option we elaborate. The bar offers workers a wide variety of different ingredients to start the day with a tasty and healthy breakfast. In the show-kitchen, employees can choose from 24 Muesli-Bar display. Picture courtesy of Elisabeth Lenz-Hieber, SBK. different cereals, oats, flakes, and tree nuts like almonds, hazelnuts, walnuts and macadamias. Seeds are also offered. In a lively atmosphere during the talks and workshops, WELLBEING @ WORK we deal with a wide range of questions regarding tree Brainfood for job and meetings nuts, coconut, chufas and seeds, such as hemp seed. We discuss with employees what a food must have to be called a Fatty acids: superfood. Nuts regularly occupy one of the leading places. > improve the viscosity of blood While people are choosing their favorite mixture, we > more oxygen comes into the brain speak about the advantages and the nutritional content these > components of neuronic cell walls to avoid “short circuits” ingredients provide. We offer a handout with more information Source: Use good quality oil! and recipes. • Vegetable oils (rapeseed, olive oil, sunflower oil, thistle-oil) Nucis’ booklet is the main information source on nuts. It for salads, vegetables and even for stewing provides the best information about nutrients, minerals and • Nuts and seeds: almonds, walnut, hazelnut, sesame seeds, vitamins, and the very important fatty acids, especially the sunflower seeds, soybeans… Ω-3 fatty acids. • Oat, hemp, unprocessed coconut, avocado Graduate Nutrition Scientist Elisabeth Lenz-Hieber from • Coldwater fish like mackerel, herring and salmon SBK München expresses: “We would like to use the opportunity • Egg yolks, soybeans with lecithin to thank our sponsors who contribute to the work of Nucis Germany and guarantee its success. Brainfood is the best!”. A slide about Brainfood, as part of the talks and workshops at SBK.

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