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Analysis and Visualization of Deficiencies and Challenges in the Waste Collection System of the Stockholm Archipelago

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Analysis and Visualization of Deficiencies and Challenges in the Waste Collection System of the Stockholm Archipelago DEGREE PROJECT IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT, SECOND CYCLE, 30 CREDITS STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN 2020 Analysis and visualization of deficiencies and challenges in the waste collection system of the Stockholm archipelago NIKOLAOS MANOLIS-GRIGOROPOULOS KTH ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT Analysis and visualization of deficiencies and challenges in the waste collection system of the Stockholm archipelago NIKOLAOS MANOLIS-GRIGOROPOULOS [email protected] Master in Logistics and Transport Science Date: May 27,2020 Supervisor: Behzad Kordnejad Examiner: Albania Nissan School of Architecture and the Built Environment Host agency: Länsstyrelsen Stockholm Swedish title: Analys och visualisering av brister och utmaningar i avfallsinsamlingssystem i Stockholms Skärgård Acknowledgements I would like to thank my supervisor, Behzad Kordnejad, for his guidance throughout the thesis work and for inspiring my interest in the field of logistics, my professors, Albania Nissan, for providing guidance and introducing me to the topic of this thesis, and Gyözö Gidofalvi, for offering me consulting in the Spatial Analysis aspects of the thesis. Furthermore, I would like to thank my two supervisors at Länsstyrelsen Stockholm, Sara Dreijer and Tomas Norberg, for introducing the Stockholm archipelago to me, sharing their previous work on the subject, and providing guidance throughout the thesis work. It is important to acknowledge the people from the municipalities in the Stockholm archipelago, as well as the representatives of the various companies that agreed to take part in interviews and respond to the questionnaires to share their knowledge and experience with me. Last but not least, I would like to thank my family and friends for providing emotional support during the difficult time of working on the degree project. Abstract The objective of this thesis is to document and visualize the unique characteristics of the waste collection and transportation system in the Stockholm archipelago of Sweden from a geopolitical and logistics perspective. So far there has been no extensive study of the waste management system in the area and this report aims to document the work and act as a basis for further research and future development. The archipelago is unique from a geolocation perspective as it consists of many islands of different sizes, with varying degrees of infrastructural development and residential housing, as well as varying distances between them. Sweden follows several unique policies and guidelines in the way they deal with waste collection, such as that the municipalities have to an equal level of service to every tax-paying household within their administrative borders. The waste management system is complex due to the large number of actors partaking in operations and the unique attributes of each of the municipalities involved. To collect information on the subject interviews were conducted with different actors that agreed to share their knowledge and experience working on the field. The content on the interviews is presented and evaluated in the report against theoretical concepts of the logistics and supply chain management field. Moreover, geospatial data were collected from open sources to perform spatial and data analysis and highlight the unique spatial characteristics of the islands and the infrastructure in the archipelago and the spatial relationships between them. The data gathered after undergoing editing were compiled into a spatial database that can be used in future projects. The spatial characteristics of the islands in the archipelago are presented through a set of maps and spatial statistics reports created in a GIS software. The main strengths and weaknesses of the waste management system in the archipelago are presented in the form of analytical content. They are used as a basis to propose future improvements to the waste management operations and planning and suggest future projects in regards to collecting more comprehensive data for the archipelago area, as well as to help decrease the cost, time and environmental impact of the operations. Sammanfattning Syftet med denna avhandling är att dokumentera och visualisera de unika egenskaperna hos avfallssamlings- och transportsystemet i Stockholms skärgård från ett geopolitiskt och logistiskt perspektiv. Hittills har det inte gjorts någon omfattande studie av avfallshanteringssystemet i området och denna rapport syftar till att dokumentera arbetet och fungera som grund för vidare forskning och framtida utveckling. Skärgården är unik ur ett geolokaliseringsperspektiv eftersom den består av många öar i olika storlekar, med varierande grad av infrastrukturutveckling och bostadshus, samt olika avstånd mellan dem. Sverige följer flera unika policyer och riktlinjer för hur de hanterar avfallshantering, till exempel att kommunerna måste ha en lika hög servicenivå för varje skattebetalande hushåll inom sina administrativa gränser. Avfallshanteringssystemet är komplext på grund av det stora antalet aktörer som deltar i verksamheten och de unika attributen för var och en av de berörda kommunerna. För att samla in information om ämnet genomfördes intervjuer med olika aktörer som gick med på att dela sin kunskap och erfarenhet av att arbeta på fältet. Innehållet i intervjuerna presenteras och utvärderas i rapporten mot teoretiska begrepp inom logistik- och leveranskedjan. Dessutom samlades geospatial data från öppna källor för att utföra rumsliga och dataanalys och belysa de unika rumsliga egenskaperna på öarna och infrastrukturen i skärgården och de rumsliga förhållandena mellan dem. Uppgifterna som samlats in efter redigering har sammanställts till en rumslig databas som kan användas i framtida projekt. De rumsliga egenskaperna hos öarna i skärgården presenteras genom en uppsättning kartor och rumsliga statistikrapporter som skapats i en GIS-programvara. De viktigaste styrkorna och svagheterna i avfallshanteringssystemet i skärgården presenteras i form av analytiskt innehåll. De används som grund för att föreslå framtida förbättringar av avfallshantering och planering och föreslå framtida projekt när det gäller att samla in mer omfattande data för skärgårdsområdet, samt för att minska kostnaderna, tiden och miljöpåverkan för operationerna. Table of contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 3 Background ............................................................................................................................... 3 The waste management problem and the Swedish solution ................................................... 3 The Stockholm Archipelago ................................................................................................... 5 The current waste collection system ...................................................................................... 7 Objective ................................................................................................................................... 8 Method ...................................................................................................................................... 8 Scope ........................................................................................................................................ 9 2. Theoretical Reference frame ................................................................................................ 10 Terminology and Fundamental Concepts ................................................................................ 10 Literature review ...................................................................................................................... 12 3. Methodology ........................................................................................................................ 16 Collection of qualitative data .................................................................................................... 16 Collection of quantitative data .................................................................................................. 16 Data processing ...................................................................................................................... 17 Database creation ................................................................................................................... 18 Spatial and Data Analysis ........................................................................................................ 19 4. Results and Analysis ............................................................................................................ 22 Analysis of maps, graphs, and figures - Highlighting challenges .............................................. 22 Interview content ..................................................................................................................... 46 Interview with Österåker municipality ................................................................................... 46 Interview with Norrtälje municipality ..................................................................................... 47 Interview with Svensk Tanktransport AB .............................................................................. 48 Interview with Värmdö municipality ...................................................................................... 48 Interview with Roslagsvatten AB .........................................................................................
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